Biocompatible Nature Research Articles

Controlling Nucleopeptide Hydrogel Self-Assembly and Formation for Cell-Culture Scaffold Applications.

Hydrogels made from self-assembling peptides have significant advantages in tissue engineering, namely a biocompatible nature and large molecular repertoire. Short peptides in particular allow for straightforward synthesis, self-assembly, and reproducibility. Applications are currently limited, however, due to potential toxicity of the chemical modifications that drive self-assembly and harsh gelation conditions. Peptides conjugated to nucleobases present one opportunity for a naturally derived species to minimize cytotoxicity. We have developed a hydrogel-formation environment for nucleopeptide gelation modulated entirely by biological buffers and salts. Self-assembly in this system is dependent on buffer and ion identity mediated by pKa and formulation in the former and by valency and ionicity in the latter. Solutions at physiological pH and osmolarity, and in turn compatible with cell culture, initiate hydrogel formation and analytical and computational methods are used to explore pH and salt effects at the molecular and structural level. The mechanism of nucleopeptide self-assembly enables tuning of mechanical properties through the addition of divalent cations and one order of magnitude increase in hydrogel storage modulus. The stability of these constructs therefore provides an opportunity for long-term cell culture, and we demonstrate survival and proliferation of fibroblasts on hydrogel surfaces. This novel, biological buffer-mediated gelation methodology expands opportunities for tissue engineering applications of short peptides and their derivatives.

Omeg@Silica: Entrapment and Stabilization of Sustainably Sourced Fish Oil.

Fish oil rich in long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D3 and carotenoid pigments have been sustainably extracted from anchovy fillet leftovers using biobased limonene. The oil is conveniently stabilized by adsorption on periodic mesoporous silicas. The simplicity of the process, the high load of fish oil, and the biocompatible nature of mesoporous silica support numerous forthcoming applications of this new class of “Omeg@Silica” materials.

Biocompatible electrospun papain/chitosan NP/PVA nanofibrous scaffolds

The development and depiction of papain-incorporated chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibres synthesized through electrospinning were studied for controlled bioengineering applications. Papain is a natural proteolytic enzyme, capable of breaking down larger protein particles into smaller peptides and helps in wound healing. Both chitosan and PVA possess outstanding properties like biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxic in nature. The morphological surface of the synthesized chitosan nanoparticles and electrospun nanofibres were analysed using scanning electron microscopy and the functional groups using Fourier transform infrared analyses. The antibacterial activity studied against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria predicted the acceptability of the prepared papain/chitosan/PVA nanofibre to find its application in the process of wound healing.

Green synthesis of carbon dots from Calotropis procera leaves for trace level identification of isoprothiolane

Carbon nanocrystals play a crucial role in developing drug delivery and bioimaging systems because of their biocompatible nature, unique surface functionalities, and optical characteristics. In this study, we focused on the one-pot simple and convenient synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) from Calotropis procera leaves through hydrothermal carbonization. The synthesized CDs exhibit tremendous excitation-dependent emission spectra with a high quantum yield of 71.95% and do not require any surface modifications to enhance their fluorescence. The CDs show a robust emission peak at 416 nm. The exact size and stability (long-lasting in aqueous solution) of the fluorescent probe were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis absorption, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. We obtained results indicating that the emission peak of CDs was significantly decreased with the addition of isoprothiolane. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity of the probe was not hampered vastly under different pH conditions. The detection limit for isoprothiolane was found to be 11.58 nM (3.36 ppb), and the CD-based fluorescence approach was applied to detect isoprothiolane pesticide in fruit and rice samples.

Prefunctionalised PLGA microparticles with dimethylaminoethyl moieties promote surface cell adhesion at physiological condition

Synthetic hydrolytically degradable polyesters have seen widespread translation into a variety of clinical and biomedical settings; finding use as cell culture systems, drug delivery systems, tissue repair scaffolds, and medical devices. This success is owed in part due to their biocompatible nature and tuneable degradation profile. However, the lack of adhesion moieties limits the capacity of the polyesters to interact with cellular material and as such hampers their effectiveness within these applications. Several physical and chemical post-modification techniques have been developed to insert adhesion moieties; however, the nature of these methods remains complex and troublesome for translational medicine. To combat this flaw, we present a novel prefunctionalization method for the generation of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA microparticles with integrated adhesion moieties as a proof-of-principle. This strategy promotes surface cell adhesion at physiological conditions without the requirement for further post-modification. The basis of the prefunctionalization method was to utilise the 2-2-dimethylaminoethanol as an initiator in a standard bulk Ring Opening Polymerization process to obtain PLGADMAE polymers. The resultant polymers were subsequently used in the fabrication of the microparticles, via membrane emulsion. This process allowed control over the morphology and size distribution of the microparticles. The surface cell adhesive properties of the new PLGADMAE microparticles were investigated via co-culture with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that the new PLGADMAE microparticles readily promote adhesion of the ADSCs at physiological conditions. LDH and LIVE/DEAD assays demonstrated that the surface functionalised PLGADMAE microparticles maintained a low toxicity profile compared to the unmodified PLGA microparticles. Both thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analysis confirmed that the bulk properties of the polymer remained unchanged compared to the control PLGA. Gel Permeation Chromatography and Scanning Electron Microscopy imaging showed that the degradation profile of the new PLGADMAE was enhanced compared to that of standard PLGA polymers. This novel prefunctionalization strategy eliminates the need for post-modification and could evolve rapidly to develop biodegradable biomaterials with enhanced cell adhesion and tuneable surface chemistry to allow greater control and/or maintain interaction with living cells and tissues. The implication of this new approach would be far reaching in the field of cell delivery, cell expansion, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Damage evolution of biodegradable magnesium alloy stent based on configurational forces

Magnesium alloy has attracted most of the recent attention as a candidate for stent material due to their biocompatible and biodegradable nature. However, their corrosion behavior in the human body is still a major issue in research today. In this paper, a strategy to simulate damage evolution in biodegradable magnesium alloy stent is given by introducing a configurational damage model. In the framework of continuum thermodynamics, one can characterize the development and evolution of local damage of materials by establishing internal variables in phenomenological method. We believe that corrosion can damage alloy in two different ways: surface corrosion and stress corrosion. Surface corrosion is described using uniform damage, when the structure is exposed in a corrosion environment; Configurational force is used to describe stress corrosion when the structure is exposed in a stimulating environment. We then select global damage and radial resistance force to perform the changes of macroscopic mechanical properties during stent degradation. Finally, the well performance of the proposed model is demonstrated through several numerical examples. This model has the potential to assist stent design and development in the future.

Extraction and application of keratin from natural resources: a review.

Over recent years, keratin has gained great popularity due to its exceptional biocompatible and biodegradable nature. It has shown promising results in various industries like poultry, textile, agriculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical. Keratin is a multipurpose biopolymer that has been used in the production of fibrous composites, and with necessary modifications, it can be developed into gels, films, nanoparticles, and microparticles. Its stability against enzymatic degradation and unique biocompatibility has found their way into biomedical applications and regenerative medicine. This review discusses the structure of keratin, its classification and its properties. It also covers various methods by which keratin is extracted like chemical hydrolysis, enzymatic and microbial treatment, dissolution in ionic liquids, microwave irradiation, steam explosion technique, and thermal hydrolysis or superheated process. Special emphasis is placed on its utilisation in the form of hydrogels, films, fibres, sponges, and scaffolds in various biotechnological and industrial sectors. The present review can be noteworthy for the researchers working on natural protein and related usage.

Bone Flap Resorption in Pediatric Patients Following Autologous Cranioplasty.

Following a decompressive craniectomy, the autologous bone flap is generally considered the reconstructive material of choice in pediatric patients. Replacement of the original bone flap takes advantage of its natural biocompatibility and the associated low risk of rejection, as well as the potential to reintegrate with the adjacent bone and subsequently grow with the patient. However, despite these advantages and unlike adult patients, the replaced calvarial bone is more likely to undergo delayed bone resorption in pediatric patients, ultimately requiring revision surgery. In this review, we describe the materials that are currently available for pediatric cranioplasty, the advantages and disadvantages of autologous calvarial replacement, the incidence and classification of bone resorption, and the clinical risk factors for bone flap resorption that have been identified to date.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Fruit Extracts of Myristica fragrans: Their Characterizations and Biological and Environmental Applications.

In the present work, bioaugmented zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were prepared from aqueous fruit extracts of Myristica fragrans. The ZnO-NPs were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The crystallites exhibited a mean size of 41.23 nm measured via XRD and were highly pure, while SEM and TEM analyses of synthesized NPs confirmed their spherical or elliptical shape. The functional groups responsible for stabilizing and capping of ZnO-NPs were confirmed using FTIR analysis. The ζ-size and ζ-potential of synthesized ZnO-NPs were reported as 66 nm and −22.1 mV, respectively, via the DLS technique can be considered as moderate stable colloidal solution. Synthesized NPs were used to evaluate for their possible antibacterial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiparasitic, and larvicidal properties. The NPs were found to be highly active against bacterial strains both coated with antibiotics and alone. Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to be the most sensitive strain against NPs (27 ± 1.73) and against NPs coated with imipinem (26 ± 1.5). ZnO-NPs displayed outstanding inhibitory potential against enzymes protein kinase (12.23 ± 0.42), α-amylase (73.23 ± 0.42), and α-glucosidase (65.21 ± 0.49). Overall, the synthesized NPs have shown significant larvicidal activity (77.3 ± 1.8) against Aedes aegypti, the mosquitoes involved in the transmission of dengue fever. Similarly, tremendous leishmanicidal activity was also observed against both the promastigote (71.50 ± 0.70) and amastigote (61.41 ± 0.71) forms of the parasite. The biosynthesized NPs were found to be excellent antioxidant and biocompatible nanomaterials. Biosynthesized ZnO-NPs were also used as photocatalytic agents, resulting in 88% degradation of methylene blue dye in 140 min. Owing to their eco-friendly synthesis, nontoxicity, and biocompatible nature, ZnO-NPs synthesized from M. fragrans can be exploited as potential candidates for biomedical and environmental applications.

Dual‐Propelled Sporopollenin‐Exine‐Capsule Micromotors for Near‐Infrared Light Triggered Degradation of Organic Pollutants

AbstractTowards on‐site degradation of organic pollutants, dual‐propelled sporopollenin‐exine‐capsule (SEC) micromotors loaded with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) have been developed. The magnetic propulsion of SEC micromotors enables them to follow predesignated paths to arrive the pollution site, while the chemical propulsion on the site accelerates the degradation process taking advantage of the fluid mixing effect induced by their movement and bubble generation. Near‐infrared (NIR) light is employed to trigger the rupture of the magnetic polydopamine (PDA) outer coating and release the platinum‐coated SECs loaded with HRP enzyme. The dual propulsion system combined with the biocompatible nature of the components paves the way for on‐site bioremediation of organic pollutants.

Lipid Based Nanocarriers: Promising Drug Delivery System for Topical Application

AbstractLipid based delivery system is gaining significant attention of researchers working on the development of novel formulations for improved therapeutic efficacy and safety of drugs. Topical drug delivery is needed in treatment of skin, eyes, rectum, vagina disorders and systemic disorders having skin manifestations. Lipid nanocarriers have widespread application in the topical drug delivery due to the biocompatible, biodegradable, nontoxic and nonirritating nature of the lipid. Microemulsion and nanoemulsion contain lipids in the nanosize range which can lead to penetration of drug to the deeper skin layers. Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanolipid carriers act by forming an occlusive layer on the skin leading to increased hydration and penetration of the drug. Vesicular carriers such as liposomes, niosomes, ultradeformable vesicles, cubosomes etc. are also reported to enhance the penetration of the entrapped drugs in deeper layers of skin. These carrier systems are mainly composed of lipids, surfactants, and co‐surfactants which are safe and quite acceptable by regulatory authorities. The present review article focuses on different types of lipid nanocarriers used in topical drug delivery, their advantages and limitations, mechanism of enhanced penetration, work reported in the related literature, characterization tests and their safety and toxicity concerns.

Photo-Mediated Facile Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Curcuma zanthorrhiza Rhizome Extract and Their In Vitro Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity

Plants possess unique bioactive principles justifying their multifunctional properties. In this work silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared via a photo-mediated green approach for enhanced antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The aqueous rhizome extract of Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. (Cz) was employed as a source of reducing and capping agent for the synthesis of colloidal Cz-AgNPs. The materialization of Cz-AgNPs was identified from the surface plasmon resonance observed at 416 nm using UV–Visible spectrophotometer. The FTIR analysis of both Cz-AgNPs and plant rhizome extract revealed the as-synthesized Cz-AgNPs were capped with plant derived phytoconstituents. The crystallinity, surface morphology, hydrodynamic size and surface area of Cz-AgNPs were characterized by PXRD, HR-TEM, FESEM, DLS and BET analysis. The as-synthesized Cz-AgNPs exhibited strong antimicrobial activities against bacterial strains and plant pathogenic fungi in a dose-dependent manner. The antimicrobial activity of Cz-AgNPs was assessed using standard disc diffusion, broth microdilution assay for bacterial strains and poisoned food technique for fungal strains. The Cz-AgNPs were inhibitory to all the microbes even at the lowest concentration. The biocompatible nature of Cz-AgNPs was analyzed for hemolytic properties with human erythrocytes and promising results were observed. In addition, the cytotoxicity activity (Trypan Blue Exclusion Method) on the cell lines of Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) showed Cz-AgNPs exhibited potential anticancer activity with concentration as low as 1.67 µg/mL and 1.84 µg/mL respectively (IC50 value). This work attempted at optimizing a safe dosage of silver nanoparticles using hemolysis assay and thus for application in therapy.

Decoding the Neuroprotective Potential of Methyl Gallate-Loaded Starch Nanoparticles against Beta Amyloid-Induced Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis: An In Vitro Study.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifaceted neuronal disorder and a challenge to medical practitioners, as the blood–brain barrier (BBB) acts as a major obstacle for drug delivery to the brain. Development of a nanomaterial-based drug delivery system (DDS) paved a way to penetrate the BBB. Starch, a ubiquitous natural biopolymer, has received much attention as a DDS due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability and eco-friendly nature. The present study focuses on encapsulating methyl gallate (MG) within starch nanoparticles (starch-encapsulated MG (SEMG)) and assesses its neuroprotective potential against β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced toxicity, the key factor for AD pathogenesis in Neuro2A cells. SEMG showed potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antioxidant activity and anti-amyloidogenic activity by attenuating the fibrillation of Aβ and destabilizing the preformed mature fibrils. Furthermore, SEMG also attenuated the cytotoxic effect induced by Aβ in Neuro2A cells (50% inhibitory concentration 18.25 ± 0.025 μg/mL) by mitigating reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated macromolecular damage, restoring mitochondrial membrane potential and attenuating apoptosis. Characterization of SEMG revealed amorphous rock-shaped structure with average particle size of 264.6 nm, exhibiting 83% loading efficiency and sustained release of drug, with 73% release within 24 h at physiological pH. Overall, the outcome of the present study signifies starch as a promising nanocarrier for the delivery of drugs for the treatment of AD.

Ag2[Fe(CN)5NO]-Fabricated Hydrophobic Cotton as a Potential Wound Healing Dressing: An In Vivo Approach.

There have been reports of different types of wound dressings for various functions and purposes. Cotton being one of the most widely used wound dressing material due to its non-toxic, biodegradable, and other properties is used for fabrication as well as in the form of scaffolds for faster and effective wound closure. Our research team has already demonstrated the role of silver nitroprusside nanoparticles (SNPNPs) for wound healing and antibacterial activity. In the current study, we have developed cotton fabric impregnated with SNPNPs (SNPCFs) which remain photo inert and displayed long-term antimicrobial activity due to the surface modification with the silver nitroprusside complex. These SNPCFs were characterized by various analytical techniques (XRD, FTIR, UV spectroscopy, TGA, TEM, FESEM, EDAX, ICP-OES). The fabricated cotton dressings with nanoparticles showed an improved water contact angle (113-130°) than that of bare cotton gauze (60°) and exhibited more antibacterial property in case of both Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella aerogenes and Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis) even after several washings. The biocompatible nature of SNPCFs was assessed by in vivo chorioallantoic membrane assay that showed no obstruction in the formation of blood vessels. The SNPCFs exhibited better wound healing activity compared to the bare cotton and AgCFs as observed in the C57BL6/J mouse. The histopathological investigation reveals increase in re-epithelialization and deposition of connective tissue. The macrophage (M2) counts in SNPCF-treated skin tissues were supportive of more wound healing activity than mice treated with cotton fabric impregnated with chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles. Based on biodistribution analysis using ICP-OES, the data illustrated that a significant amount of silver is absorbed in the skin tissues of mice as compared to the blood and kidney. Furthermore, the absence of silver from the vital organs (heart, liver, and kidney) corroborates our hypothesis that the SNPCFs can act excellently in treating wounds when topically applied over skin. Thereafter, all these results highlight a strong possibility that SNPCFs exemplify the potential as a new antimicrobial and wound healing agent in future times.

Exploring the role of mesoporous silica nanoparticle in the development of novel drug delivery systems.

The biocompatible nature of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) attracted researchers' attention to deliver therapeutic agents in the treatment of various diseases, where their porous nature, high drug loading efficiency, and suitability to functionalize with a specific ligand of MSN helped to obtain the desired outcome. The application of MSN has been extended to deliver small chemicals to large-sized peptides or proteins to fight against complex diseases. Recently, formulation researches with MSN have been progressed for various non-conventional drug delivery systems, including liposome, microsphere, oro-dispersible film, 3D-printed formulation, and microneedle. Low bulk density, retaining mesoporous structure during downstream processing, and lack of sufficient in vivo studies are some of the important issues towards the success of mesoporous silica-based advanced drug delivery systems. The present review has aimed to evaluate the application of MSN in advanced drug delivery systems to critically analyzethe role of MSN in the respective formulation over other functionalized polymers. Finally, an outlook on the future direction ofMSN-based advanced drug delivery systems has been drawn against the existing challenges with this platform.

Biogenesis of silver nanoparticles to treat cancer, diabetes, and microbial infections: a mechanistic overview.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) by harnessing the natural abilities of plant secondary metabolites has advantages over routine physical and chemical synthetic approaches due to their one-step experimental setup to reduce and stabilize the bulk silver into SNPs, biocompatible nature, and therapeutic significance. The unique size, shape, and biochemical functional corona of SNPs embellish them with the potential to perform therapeutic actions by adopting various mechanistic approaches including but not limited to the disruption of the electron transport chain, mitochondrial damage, DNA fragmentation, inhibition of ATP synthase activity, disorganization of the cell membrane, suspension of cellular signaling pathways, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of enzymes activity. This review elaborates the biogenic synthesis of SNPs in redox chemical reactions by using plant secondary metabolites found in plant extracts. In addition, it explains the synergistic influence of physicochemical reaction parameters such as the temperature, pH, the concentration of the AgNO3, and the ratio of reactants to affect the reaction kinetics, molecular mechanics, enzymatic catalysis, and protein conformations that aid to affect the size, shape, and potential biochemical corona of nanoparticles. This review also provides up-to-date information on the mechanistic actions that embellish the plant-based SNPs, an anticancer, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant potential. The mechanistic understanding of the therapeutic actions of SNPs will help in precision medicine to develop customized treatment and healthcare approaches for the welfare of the human population. KEY POINTS: • Significance of the biogenic nanoparticles • Biomedical application potential of the plant-based silver nanoparticles • Mechanism of the anticancer, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial actions of the plant-based silver nanoparticles.

Macrocycles in dual role: ancillary ligands in metal complexes and organocatalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide

AbstractIn the twenty-first century, one of the central focus of polymer research in academia and industries is directed towards the design of environmentally-benign materials produced from reagents that have minimal deleterious effects on our environment. The aliphatic polyester PLA is one such example. Due to its biodegradable, biorenewable and biocompatible nature, PLA finds diverse applications, especially in the biomedical field. PLA is exclusively synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of lactide (cyclic dimer of lactic acid) in the presence of a catalyst. The macrocycles and macrocyclic metal moieties can act as effective catalysts for the polymerization resulting in the formation of PLA with controlled tacticity and predetermined molecular weight. This review reports metal-based catalytic systems supported by porphyrin, calixarene and bispyrrolidine- salan as ancillary ligand and metal-free organocatalyst sparteine for the ROP of LA. The variation in catalytic activity, tacticity of PLA, and PLA's molecular weight distribution by substitutional changes in the catalyst framework have been discussed in detail. Graphic abstract

An Overview on Biomaterials: Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications

The development of biomaterials have existed from around half a century and manifest its use in different fields. Biomaterials are used in living creature body, looking on its biocompatibility nature. In recent years, advances of biomaterials are showing a marked presence in the fast growing fields of pharmaceuticals and medicines. According to their availability, different types of biomaterials like metal, ceramic, polymer and their composites are used for several purpose in the body. In this review article, types of biomaterials have been discussed with their advantages, disadvantages and recent applications in the pharmaceutical field such as implants used to mimic the structure and function of tissues, dental implants, wound healing, cell regeneration, regenerative medicines, delivery of drugs and different organ regeneration. Organ regeneration leading to replacement of organs such as heart, trachea and lungs etc. by use of specific biomaterials have been reported with the diagnosis of diseases and its treatment.

Effect of sugar alcohols on the reverse self-assembly of lecithin in diverse organic solvents

It is well-known that lecithin form reverse spherical micelles by their self-assembly in diverse organic solvents. We have explored the effect of sugar alcohols having 3–6 hydroxyl (OH) groups on lecithin organosols. Sugar alcohols are water-soluble, and hence their effects on reverse self-assembly in organic solvents have rarely been studied. However, our studies reveal that sugar alcohols interact with lecithin in organic solvents and greatly increase the viscosity of lecithin organosols. The viscosity increase is due to a structural transition from spherical to cylindrical micelles, in which hydrogen bonds between phosphate (PO4−) in lecithin and OH groups in sugar alcohols play key roles in the structural transition. More interestingly, the number of OH groups in sugar alcohols affects their ability to induce the formation of cylindrical micelles of lecithin in organic solvents. Sugar alcohols containing more OH groups can more easily induce the formation of cylindrical micelles in lecithin solutions than those having lesser OH groups. Furthermore, we demonstrated the formation of an organogel from edible oil such as rice bran oil, using lecithin/sorbitol mixture. Its nontoxic and biocompatible natures make it a potential candidate toward food and biological applications.

Injectable hydrogels of newly designed brush biopolymers as sustained drug-delivery vehicle for melanoma treatment

Novel biocompatible and brush copolymers have been developed for cancer treatment using its controlled drug-release potential. Polyurethane graft on linear dextrin has been synthesized to control the hydrophilic–hydrophobic balance for regulated drug delivery. The properties of the graft copolymers have been tuned through graft density. The prepared grafts are thermally stable and mechanically strong. An injectable hydrogel has been developed by embedding the drug-loaded brush copolymers in methyl cellulose to better control the release for a prolonged period, importantly by keeping the drug release at a constant rate. Cellular studies indicate the biocompatible nature of the brush copolymers whose controlled and slow release of drug exhibit significant cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Endocytosis of drug tagged contrast agent indicates greater transport of biologically active material inside cell as observed through cellular uptake studies. In vivo studies on melanoma mice exhibit the real efficacy of the controlled drug release from the injectable hydrogel with significant melanoma suppression without any side effects as opposed to severe toxic effects observed in conventional chemotherapy. Special application method of drug-loaded hydrogel just beneath the tumor makes this system incredibly effective through confinement. Thus, brush copolymer injectable hydrogel is a promising vehicle for control release of drug for cancer treatment in future.