Bioceramic Sealer Research Articles

Fabrication and characterisation of novel algin incorporated bioactive-glass 58S calcium-silicate-based root canal sealer

The usage of bioceramic-based root canal sealers has escalated over the years due to their excellent properties. The present study aimed to fabricate a novel algin incorporated bioactive glass 58S calcium-silicate (Bio-G) sealer and characterise its surface microstructure and chemical compositions in comparison to commercially available bioceramic sealers (BioRoot RCS and iRoot SP). The powder form of experimental Bio-G sealer consisted of synthesised BG 58S particle, calcium silicate, zirconia dioxide, calcium carbonate and alginic acid powder as binder. The liquid composed of 5% calcium chloride solution. Five standardised disc specimens were prepared for each sealer group according to the manufacturer's instructions. Subsequently, sealer disc-specimens were placed in an incubator at 37°C, 95% relative humidity for 72h to allow setting prior to testing under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Experimental Bio-G sealer revealed irregular micro-sized particles ranging from 0.5μm to 105μm aggregated in clusters comparable to those of BioRoot RCS and iRoot SP. EDS microanalysis showed that Bio-G had high content of oxygen, silicon, and calcium, with the presence of aluminium and chloride similar to BioRoot RCS. Meanwhile, the FTIR and XRD findings suggested that all sealers predominantly contained calcium silicate hydrate, calcium carbonate, and zirconium dioxide, while calcium aluminium silicate oxide was detected in Bio-G. The present novel Bio-G sealer demonstrated desirable particle size distribution and acceptable degree of purity. Future studies are warranted to explore its properties and clinical application.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography Evaluation of Two Rotary Systems with and without XP-Endo Finisher for Retreatability of Canals Obturated with Bioceramic Sealer

Aims: To evaluate volumetric amount of endodontic obturating materials remnants after endodontic retreatment using two retreatment rotary systems (R-Endo and EdgefileXR)with and without supplementary retreatment(XP-Endo Finisher), in teeth obturated by Sure-Seal Root TM (Bioceramic sealer). Materials and Methods: Twenty human mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were prepared using a 2Shape endodontic rotary system with a file size of 25/0.04. All teeth were obturated using gutta-percha and Sure-Seal Root TM (Bioceramic sealer) using the single cone technique. The samples were then divided into two groups according to the retreatment system used (n=10). After retreating all samples with different rotary systems, the samples were evaluated using CBCT images. CBCT images of each sample were taken and evaluated in axial, coronal and sagittal planes to determine the obturating material remnants after retreatment. Then, all samples retreated with two retreatment systems (R-Endo and EdgefileXR) underwent supplementary retreatment with XP-Endo Finisher. Second CBCT images for each sample were taken and the volume of the remnant material inside the canal walls was analyzed. Data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA analysis of variance, Duncan’s multiple analysis rang test and independent t-test. Results: EdgeFileXR and R-Endo were significantly different and XP-Endo Finisher improved the removal of obturating materials in both groups. Conclusions: The retreatment system had a significant effect on the amount of endodontic obturating material remnants after endodontic retreatment and XP-Endo Finisher had a supplementary removal effect.

Clinical outcome of bioceramic sealer iRoot SP extrusion in root canal treatment: a retrospective analysis

BackgroundDuring the obturation procedure, sealer extrusion occurs in some cases. iRoot SP is a kind of bioceramic sealer with superior physicochemical and biological properties. This article reports the outcome of iRoot SP extrusion in root canal treatment and the potential factors associated with the outcome.MethodsNinety-nine patients and one hundred and eighty-five teeth treated between 2014 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. All of the cases were filled with a single-cone technique and the iRoot SP sealer. The minimum follow-up visit period was 1 year. The outcome was evaluated by clinical examination and radiographic examination at recall and was classified as healed, healing (success), or not healed (failure).ResultsThe overall success rate of all teeth was 96.8%. The success rate of adequately filled teeth was 97.3%, while that of iRoot SP extrusion was 95.8%; the difference was not statistically significant. Factors such as gender, age, tooth position, follow-up visit period, size of periapical lesion, treatment type and extruding sealer amount had no influence on the outcome of iRoot SP extruded teeth.ConclusionsThe results suggested that iRoot SP extrusion has no adverse effect on the outcome of root canal treatment, which may contribute to the endodontic treatment.

Intratubular penetration capacity of HiFlow bioceramic sealer used with warm obturation techniques and single cone: A confocal laser scanning microscopic study

ObjectiveThe aim of this paper was to evaluate the intratubular penetration area of a bioceramic sealer, using continuous wave (CW), vertical condensation (VC) with two different types of gutta-percha (conventional (NG) and bioceramic-coated (BG)) and single cone (SC) technique with BG gutta-percha, in different root thirds. MethodsA total of 150 mature single-root human teeth (including incisors, canines and premolars) were prepared and randomly divided into five groups (n = 30). Teeth were filled using a bioceramic sealer (TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow ®) and two different types of gutta-percha, with CW and VC techniques, the teeth in the control group were filled with SC technique and BG gutta-percha. The teeth were sectioned and evaluated as one-third portions in each case under a confocal laser microscope. The penetration area measurements were carried out with the Autocad ® programme. Data was analyzed using the one-factor ANOVA test (p < 0.05) and Post Hoc Test (p < 0.05). ResultsThe ANOVA Test showed significant differences in the penetration areas of the five obturation techniques (P < 0.05). The Post Hoc Test exhibited significant differences in multiple comparisons (P < 0.05). There was more dentinal tubule penetration in the coronal third than in the apical third in all techniques. ConclusionsThe intratubular penetration of the bioceramic sealer was influenced by the obturation techniques tested, but not by the different gutta-percha tested. There was more penetration of sealer in the warm obturation techniques than the SC, regardless of the type of gutta-percha used.

Comparison of the effect of post space preparation time on the apical seal of two different sealers

Background The present study compared the effect of post space preparation time on the apical seal of two different sealers.MethodsIn the in vitro study, 94 central incisors were used. After the samples’ root canal preparation, they were randomly assigned to four experimental groups (n = 21). The samples in groups 1 and 2 were obturated with AH Plus sealer, gutta-percha, and in groups 3 and 4 with Endoseal MTA bioceramic sealer and single cone technique. The post spaces in groups 1 and 3 were prepared immediately and in groups 2 and 4 with a delay. The samples were evaluated at 7-, 30-, and 90-day intervals for apical microleakage using the fluid filtration technique. The data were analyzed with SPSS 25, using three-way ANOVA and independent t-test.Results The apical microleakage in groups 3 and 4, obturated with Endoseal MTA bioceramic sealer and prepared immediately and after a delay, respectively, was not significantly different between the interval times. In group 2, obturated with AH Plus sealer and prepared for post space with a delay, the apical microleakage was significantly less than all the other groups. Group 1, obturated with AH Plus sealer and prepared for post space immediately, exhibited the least microleakage after seven days, but its microleakage increased over time to reach the level of groups 3 and 4.Conclusion According to the results, the apical microleakage in the AH + sealer group and the delayed post-space preparation method, was significantly less than all the other groups over time.

Influence of irrigation and laser assisted root canal disinfection protocols on dislocation resistance of a bioceramic sealer

BackgroundIt is not yet clear how different irrigation protocols and intracanal laser irradiation effects bioceramic sealers. In this vitro study, we aimed to evaluate the dislocation resistance of a bioceramic root canal sealer after different laser-assisted disinfection protocols and irrigants. MethodsSixty extracted human straight single-canal teeth were instrumented, and randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) according to the disinfection protocol used: group 1, conventional needle irrigation (CI) with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)+ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA)+NaOCl; group 2, Photon initiated photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) of NaOCl+EDTA+NaOCl; group 3, NaOCl+EDTA+diode laser; group 4, NaOCl+EDTA+photodynamic therapy (PDT); group 5, CI with NaOCl+EDTA+Chlorhexidine (CHX); and control group without any treatment. The root canals were filled with a bioceramic root canal sealer (BioRoot RCS) using the single-cone filling technique. After three weeks of storage, the samples from each canal thirds were transversely sectioned and the push-out test was performed. ResultsThe PIPS group showed the lowest dislocation resistance values in the coronal third (p>0.05), and no difference was observed among the other groups (p<0.05). The dislocation resistance in the middle and apical thirds was the highest in the diode laser group (p<0.05). ConclusionFinal root canal irradiation with diode laser led to improved dislocation resistance of the bioceramic sealer. PDT did not adversely affect the dislocation resistance of BioRoot RCS. The PIPS reduced the dislocation resistance values in the coronal third, but not in the middle and apical thirds.

Cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer: An in vitro study.

AimTo assess the cytocompatibility and bioactive potential of the new calcium silicate cement‐based sealer AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPbcs) on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) compared with the epoxy resin‐based sealer AH Plus (AHP) and the calcium silicate cement‐based sealer Endosequence BC Sealer (ESbcs).MethodologyStandardized sample discs and 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4 eluates of the tested materials were prepared. The following assays were performed: surface element distribution via SEM–EDX, cell attachment and morphology via SEM, cell viability via a MTT assay, cell migration/proliferation via a wound‐healing assay, osteo/cemento/odontogenic marker expression via RT‐qPCR and cell mineralized nodule formation via Alizarin Red S staining. HPDLSCs were isolated from extracted third molars. Comparisons were made with hPDLSCs cultured in unconditioned (negative control) or osteogenic (positive control) culture media. Statistical significance was established at p < .05.ResultsA higher peak of Ca2+ was detected from ESbcs compared with AHPbcs and AHP in SEM–EDX. Both AHPbcs and ESbcs showed significantly positive results in the cytocompatibility assays (cell viability, migration/proliferation, attachment and morphology) compared with a negative control group, whilst AHP showed significant negative results. Both AHPbcs and ESbcs exhibited an upregulation of at least one osteo/odonto/cementogenic marker compared with the negative and positive control groups. Both ESbcs and AHPbcs showed a significantly higher calcified nodule formation than the negative and positive control groups, indicative of their biomineralization potential and were also significantly higher than AHP group.ConclusionAH Plus Bioceramic Sealer exhibited a significantly higher cytocompatibility and bioactive potential than AH Plus and a similar cytocompatibility to that of Endosequence BC Sealer. Endosequence BC Sealer exhibited a significantly higher mineralization potential than the other tested sealers. The results from this in vitro study act as supporting evidence for the use of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer in root canal treatment.

Dentin Sealing of Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers in Root Canal Retreatment: A Confocal Laser Microscopy Study.

The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the intratubular penetration of three bioceramic sealers in root canal retreatment. Here, 30 single-rooted human teeth were instrumented with the Protaper Universal system and filled with gutta-percha and the epoxy-resin-based sealer AH Plus mixed with rhodamine B. After two weeks in a humid environment, they were re-instrumented with Reciproc Blue and divided into three groups according to the endodontic sealer to be used in the re-filling (n = 10): G1: CeraSeal, G2: TotalFill BC Sealer, G3: TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow. For the filling, a single cone technique was used, and the respective sealers were mixed with fluorescein. The roots were then sectioned at 2, 5, and 8 mm (apical, medial, and coronal measurement points, respectively) from the apex, and the dentinal tubule penetration depth and percentage of penetration around the canal perimeter were evaluated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Penetration between groups was compared using the Kruskal−Wallis test, and within each group using the Wilcoxon test. Statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. A non-significant reduction was found in the penetration depths and in a percentage of penetration around the canal perimeter between AH Plus and the tested calcium-silicate-based sealers (p > 0.05). Consequently, this reduction may not affect the three-dimensional seal of the root canal system in a negative manner. The penetration depth and percentage of penetration around the canal perimeter at both the root canal treatment and retreatment were significantly reduced from the coronal to apical points in all groups (p < 0.05).

Comparative evaluation for removal of gutta-percha and bio-ceramic sealers from oval root canals with reciprocating and rotary retreatment file systems

Context: Residual filling material can impair the prognosis in endodontic retreatment cases. A variety of file systems have been used in both rotary and reciprocating motion. Aims: To evaluate and compare the ability of ProTaper Universal Retreatment systems, GPR Mani Retreatment systems and, V Blue Reciproc systems in removal of gutta percha and bioceramicsealer from oval root canals using micro-computed tomography. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human mandibular premolar with oval canals standardised with cone beam computed tomography(CBCT). Following preparation with ProTaper Next files and obturation with gutta-percha and I Root SP sealer all specimens were randomly assigned to three groups ProTaper Universal retreatment system (PTUR), GPR Mani Retreatment system and V-Blue files, (n=20). Quality of obturation was confirmed with CBCT. After 1 month, retreatment was carried out and the percentage of remaining obturating material was evaluated before and after retreatment through micro-CT imaging. Two sample means and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to analyse data. Results: The V-Blue files removed 97.27% of residual filling material whereas PTUR and GPR Maniremoved 85% and 79.33% respectivelyand the difference between V-Blue and other two files tested was statistically significant (P&lt; 0.05).

Effect of different dentin moisture on the push-out strength of bioceramic root canal sealer

Background/purposeDifferent moisture condition may affect the adhesion between obturation materials and root canal walls, thus further affect the quality of root canal obturation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of dentin moisture conditions after different root canal drying protocols on the push-out strength of bioceramic root canal sealer. Materials and methodsTwenty root canals from extracted human decoronated premolars were prepared in vitro to #30/0.09 taper and assigned to 4 moisture condition groups after using different root canal drying protocols: normal moisture (paper point) group: the canals were blot dried with paper points until the last one appeared dry. Ethanol dry group: the canals were dried with paper points followed by dehydration with 95% ethanol. Isopropanol dry group: the canals were dried with paper points followed by dehydration with 70% isopropanol. Complete dry group: the canals were dried in an air-blowing thermostatic oven for at least 6 h until there was no change in weight at an interval of 1 h. After drying, the canals were obturated with bioceramic sealer iRoot SP. Then, each root was sectioned into eight slices with 1-mm-thick using a diamond saw (40 slices each group). The push-out strength was tested for each slice between the sealer and dentin wall using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, and failure modes were recorded. Two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to analyze the push-out strength. Logarithmic linear regression analysis was used to compare the failure modes. ResultsPush-out strength was statistically different in different moisture groups (P < 0.05). After drying using paper point, iRoot SP specimens showed the highest push-out strength (2.04 ± 0.03 MPa), followed by 95% ethanol, 70% isopropanol. The lowest push-out strength (0.68 ± 0.04 MPa) was observed under complete dry. For the failure modes, the majority were cohesive failures in the coronal and middle thirds of the root; while in the apical third, mixed failure was common. ConclusionDifferent drying protocols influenced the push-out strength between bioceramic sealer and canal wall.

EVALUATION OF THE DENTINAL TUBULE PENETRATION OF AN ENDODONTIC BIOCERAMIC SEALER AFTER THREE FINAL IRRIGATION PROTOCOLS

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the dentinal tubule penetration of an endodontic bioceramic sealer, Sealer Plus BC, after three final irrigation protocols. Methods: Thirty distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were selected. Root canal preparation was performed up to an #40.06 instrument (X1 Blue) under 2.5% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. Specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n=10), according to the final irrigation protocol: G-NaOCl (2.5% sodium hypochlorite + PUI), G-SS (0.9% saline solution + PUI) and G-H20 (Deionized water + PUI). After final irrigation protocols, all specimens were irrigated with phosphate buffer solution. Root canal obturation was performed using the single cone technique and Sealer Plus BC, stained with a specific fluorophore. Specimens were transversely sectioned and each root third was evaluated in a confocal scanning laser microscopy. Images obtained were analyzed for sealer penetration in the dentinal tubules. Results: Dentinal tubule penetration of Sealer Plus BC was not observed in any root third, regardless of the final irrigation protocol investigated. Conclusions: Sealer Plus BC dentinal tubule penetration was not observed after none of the protocols tested. Dentinal tubule penetrability of Sealer Plus BC may be related to other factors rather than the final irrigation protocol.

Efficiency of diode laser and ultrasonic-activated irrigation in retreatment of gutta percha and bioceramic sealer: An in vitro study.

This study was to determine the effectiveness of diode laser (LI) and ultrasonic (UI)-activated irrigation with or without a surfactant as adjunct techniques during the retreatment of gutta-percha and tricalcium silicate-based sealer (BC) sealer. Forty-two single-rooted premolars were instrumented and filled with gutta-percha and BC sealer, then retreated using NiTi retreatment rotary files. Teeth were randomly divided into three equal groups: Control (manual irrigation), UI and LI groups. Each group was subdivided into 2.5% NaOCl irrigant and ChlorCid™️ Surf subgroups. The amount of material removed following UI and LI was significantly greater than that of manual irrigation (p < 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference between the surfactant subgroups, irrespective of irrigation technique (p=1.00, p=0.535, p=0.805). The use of UI and LI adjuncts to NiTi rotary retreatment techniques showed significant improvement in gutta-percha with BC sealer removal. However, surfactants had no effect on the efficacy.

Comparative evaluation of push-out bond strength of endosequence bioceramic sealer hiflow and endoseal MTA with single cone obturation technique

Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the PBS of End sequence bio ceramic sealer hiflow and endoseaL MTA with single cone obturation techniques.Materials and Methods: Twenty extracted single-root human teeth of similar sizes and circular canals were randomly selected and stored in distilled water at 4 °C.Results: All specimens showed measurable adhesive properties to root dentin. In addition, no premature failure occurred. Overall, the push-out bond strength was the highest in the coronal third and lowest in the apical third. Endosequence bioceramic sealer hiflow specimens displayed statistically higher bond strengths (p=0.0012, 0.51- 5.9 MPa). Endoseal MTA showed the lowest bond strengths.Conclusion: Endosequence bioceramic sealer hiflow Group had a significantly higher PBS value than other Group from the apex. At 5 and 10 mm from the apex, no significant difference in PBS was found among the endosequence bioceramic sealer hiflow and endoseal MTA (P>0.05). The most common failure mode found in all Groups was a mixed failure.

Evaluation of dentinal wall adaptation ability of two recently introduced silicate based root canal sealer: A stereo microscopic study

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the dentinal wall adaptation ability of two recently introduced silicate-based root canal sealerMaterials and Methods: 24 extracted human maxillary single rooted teeth with intact roots were selected. The crown portion removed followed by canal preparation up to F3 PTG. The teeth were then randomly divided into two groups and dentinal wall adaptation ability was studied under stereomicroscope.Results: The statistical analysis showed no significant difference between two sealers in terms of gap formation (P > 0.05). Both the groups at some level or the other exhibited some degree of gap formation.Conclusion: Bioceramic sealer Hiflow has a similar dentinal wall adaptation ability as Endosequence MTA

Evaluation of Apical Microleakage in Endodontically Treated Teeth Using Three Sealer Materials

Introduction: GuttaFlow Bioseal (Roeko–Coltene/Whaledent, Langenau, Germany), TotalFill Bioceramic (FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland), and AH Plus root canal sealers (Dentsply, DeTrey, Germany) are used to prevent communication between periapical space and the root canal. This study aims to evaluate the apical microleakage of three endodontic sealers. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five freshly extracted mandibular premolars were prepared and obturated with single-cone gutta-percha, then grouped into three groups according to the sealers used. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) test. Results: The least mean dye penetration was shown by GuttaFlow Bioseal sealer (1.31 mm), followed by TotalFill Bioceramic sealer (1.57 mm) and AH Plus sealer (2.63 mm); no dye penetration was found in the negative control group. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed statistically significant difference among all experimental groups (P &lt; 0.001); Tukey test shows significant differences between all groups except for a nonsignificant difference between GuttaFlow Bioseal and TotalFill Bioceramic sealer (P = 0.6). Conclusion: All sealers showed varying levels of apical microleakage, with the least penetration in the GuttaFlow Bioseal group.

Endodontic retreatment of mandibular canines with two roots: A report of two cases

Mandibular canines usually have one root with one root canal. However, variations may occur. The present study reports two cases of successful retreatment of two mandibular canines with two roots and two root canals, a rarer configuration. In both cases reported, the unsuccessful treatment in the primary endodontic intervention was due to overlooking the lingual root canals, which were identified when periapical radiographs were taken at a mesial angle. Because canals missed during endodontic therapy may lead to periapical periodontitis, it is important to take radiographs from different angles, analyze the pulp chamber floor, and consider the variations in root canal morphologies. After performing the access cavity and observing an isthmus in both cases, the lingual root canals were located and instrumented. Calcium hydroxide dressing was used between appointments, and the root canals were filled with different sealers in each case (epoxy resin-based and bioceramic sealers). The follow-up X-rays taken 18 months later in the first case and 5 months later in the second case suggested normality of the periapical tissues. It is essential to use strategies that enable reaching the whole complexity of the root canal system during the canal cleaning, shaping, disinfection, and filling procedures in order to control the infection and achieve a successful endodontic treatment outcome.

Comparative Assessment of Qmix as Endodontic Irrigant on Reversal of Bond Strength in Teeth Subjected to Irradiation: An Scanning Electron Microscope Study

The aim of this current study was to compare and evaluate the reversal efficacy of Qmix and chitosan-based irrigation materials quantitatively through the assessment of the push-out bond strength of bioceramic sealer employing universal testing machine and to qualitatively analyze the sealer/dentin interface by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in the teeth subjected to fractioned radiation. Ninety single-rooted straight human maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into six groups (n = 15) where in three groups comprise Chitosan, Qmix, and EDTA/sodium hypochlorite which were not exposed to irradiation while other three groups were challenged with irradiation protocols. Root canals were prepared with ProTaper universal system and all the samples were irrigated according to the final irrigation protocols and obturated with bioceramic sealers. Dentin slices were prepared with 1 mm thickness from each root third for the estimation of bond strength of sealers to dentin. Qualitative assessment of the sealer-dentin interface was done by scanning electron microscopy. Bond strength data were scrutinized by independent t-test and failure modes using the Chi-square test. Significantly lower bond strength (p <0.05) was recorded after irradiation compared with nonirradiated group. To quantify the results irrigation protocols, Qmix had highest bond strength followed by chitosan and EDTA/sodium hypochlorite group irrespective of irradiation status. Bond strength values reduced after irradiation in all root thirds irrespective of the irrigation materials. Scanning electron microscope images revealed traces of repair process for Qmix-based irrigation materials than the chitosan-based materials for both irradiated and nonirradiated specimens. All the irrigation materials employed in this study had good bond strength. The specimen irrigated with Qmix had comparatively higher bond strength than the chitosan-based materials. The teeth subjected to irradiation challenge were associated with a decrease in the push-out bond strength of sealers to intraradicular dentin with formation of more gaps and fewer tags at the sealer/dentin interface. Selection of ideal irrigation protocols still remains a challenge for the clinical practitioners, and this study explored the utilization of novel materials used for irrigation, especially in the teeth subjected to radiation.

Non-surgical management of a periapical lesion with bioceramic sealer – A case report

This case report describes the non-surgical management of a large cyst-like periapical lesion involving 12,13,14 in a 20 years old female patient who came with a chief complaint of swelling and pus discharge with no history of pain and traumatic accident in that area. Root canal therapy was done in the same with use of calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament and obturation using bioceramic sealer. Clinical and radiographic re-evaluations at 2, 6 and 12 months revealed progressing bone healing. This case report shows that appropriate diagnosis in combination with root canal treatment and use of bioceramic sealers as a conservative non-surgical approach can lead to complete healing of large lesions without invasive treatments.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Adaptability to Root Canal Dentin of Bioceramic Sealer Containing Nanoparticles (In-vitro Study)

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Adaptability to Root Canal Dentin of Bioceramic Sealer Containing Nanoparticles (In-vitro Study)

Comparision of apical leakage between immediate versus delayed post space preparation using various root canal sealers

Aim of the study: The present study evaluated the apical leakage of endodontic sealers after immediate and delayed post space preparation. Methodology: Sixty-six extracted human maxillary incisors with straight root and single canals were selected and decoronated. They were divided into five groups and obturated using three different sealers (AH Plus sealer, Apexit Plus sealer, Bioceramic sealer) respectively. Specimens were longitudinally sectioned and were observed under stereomicroscope. Results were analyzed and tabulated. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the immediate and delayed post space preparation. Immediate post space preparation showed less leakage compare to delayed post space preparation. Conclusion: Bioceramic Sealer showed the least leakage at different intervals of post space preparation followed by AH Plus sealer. Apexit Plus showed more leakage among the groups at different intervals.