Binary Polymer Research Articles

Polymer Blends and Nanocomposite Materials Based on Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) for Bone Regeneration and Repair

As the population ages, so does the demand for bone loss treatments. The main components of these medicines must be able to endure longer and perform more effectively. Bone cement made of poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is often used in damaged bone replacement surgery, is a vital biological material. As a result, the impact of additional nanoparticles such as zirconium dioxide (Zr02) and magnesium oxide (MgO) on polymer binary blends (Acrylic bone cement: 15% PMMA) for a bone scaffold was studied in this research. ZrO2 and MgO nanoparticles were introduced in various weights present to the polymer mix matrix 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2). Hand lay-up molding using two different types of PMMA material was utilized to create the polymer. The reinforcement materials were mixed individually with a binary polymer blend material according to the reinforcement material selection ratio, and then heat-treated at 55°C for 3 hours to complete polymerization and remove any residual stress. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength and Young's modulus were evaluated for all of the prepared samples. The chemical bonding of nanoparticles and synthetic binary polymeric mix composites was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The tensile strength and Young's modulus of a binary polymeric blend reinforced with (1.5wt% ZrO2, and 1wt% MgO) both dramatically increased. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface morphology of the fracture surface of tensile specimens. SEM images demonstrated that nanoparticles (ZrO2 and MgO) were distributed uniformly throughout the polymeric mix matrix.

Determination of pepsin by capillary electrophoresis using mixed polymer coated capillary with switchable properties toward protein adsorption/desorption.

In this work, a simple online preconcentration method for quantitative detection of pepsin was realized by using the binary mixed polymer brushes coated capillary with switchable properties toward protein adsorption. Firstly, the binary mixed polymer brushes were prepared by grafting poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(4-vinylpyridine) onto the inner wall of the capillary through a polydopamine anchor. Then the coatings were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and electroosmotic flow measurement. The results indicated that the composition of coating could be controlled by varying the feed ratio of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) to poly(4-vinylpyridine) and the inner surface charge could be tuned toward the change of pH and ionic strength. The results showed that when the poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)/poly(4-vinylpyridine) mass ratio was 80/20, the highest online preconcentration effect was obtained and the sensitivity enhancement factor was 6.3. Moreover, satisfactory sensitivity (limit of detection: 7.5ng/mL) and good repeatability were obtained with the online preconcentration method. The polymer-coated capillary was still stable for online preconcentration and detection of pepsin after 50 consecutive runs. Last, the proposed method was used successfully to online preconcentrate pepsin in the saliva matrix.

Efficient Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide and Formate by an Organic Polymer Dots Photocatalyst in Alkaline Conditions.

A photocatalyst comprising binary organic polymer dots (Pdots) was prepared. The Pdots were constructed from poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole), as an electron donor, and 1‐[3‐(methoxycarbonyl)propyl]‐1‐phenyl‐[6.6]C61, as an electron acceptor. The photocatalyst produces H2O2 in alkaline conditions (1 M KOH) with a production rate of up to 188 mmol h−1 g−1. The external quantum efficiencies were 30 % (5 min) and 14 % (75 min) at 450 nm. Furthermore, photo‐oxidation of methanol by Pdots, followed by a disproportionation reaction and an oxidation reaction, produced the high‐value chemical formate. On the basis of various spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements, the photophysical processes of the system were studied in detail and a reaction mechanism was proposed.

Efficient Generation of Hydrogen Peroxide and Formate by an Organic Polymer Dots Photocatalyst in Alkaline Conditions

AbstractA photocatalyst comprising binary organic polymer dots (Pdots) was prepared. The Pdots were constructed from poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole), as an electron donor, and 1‐[3‐(methoxycarbonyl)propyl]‐1‐phenyl‐[6.6]C61, as an electron acceptor. The photocatalyst produces H2O2 in alkaline conditions (1 M KOH) with a production rate of up to 188 mmol h−1 g−1. The external quantum efficiencies were 30 % (5 min) and 14 % (75 min) at 450 nm. Furthermore, photo‐oxidation of methanol by Pdots, followed by a disproportionation reaction and an oxidation reaction, produced the high‐value chemical formate. On the basis of various spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements, the photophysical processes of the system were studied in detail and a reaction mechanism was proposed.

Physical Unclonable Function Systems Based on Pattern Transfer of Fingerprint-Like Patterns

In this letter, we demonstrate a physical unclonable function (PUF) system based on fingerprint-like random planar structures through pattern transfer of self-assembled binary polymer mixtures. With properly designed electrode structures and materials, different types of conductance distributions with large variations are achieved, allowing the PUF to function in differential or on/off modes. The uniqueness of the PUF is verified with inter Hamming distance and entropy at different temperatures. The PUF is shown to be resistant to machine learning attack based on Fourier extrapolation. The proposed fingerprint PUF is compatible with back-end-of-line (BEOL) process and offers potential for hardware security primitive in IoT industry.

Rubbed PFN−Br as an Alignment Layer for Liquid Crystalline Conjugated Polymer Chain Orientation**

AbstractWe report poly[(9,9‐bis(3’‐((N,N‐dimethyl)‐N‐ethylammonium)‐propyl)‐2,7‐fluorene)‐alt‐2,7‐(9,9‐dioctylfluorene)]dibromide (PFN−Br), a previously reported charge transfer interlayer for organic optoelectronic devices, as an orientation/alignment layer and rubbing as a means to achieve chain orientation for liquid crystalline conjugated polymers (LCCP). Polyfluorene and its derivatives, namely blue emission polymer poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene) (PFO), green‐yellow emission polymer poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐cobenzothiadiazole) (F8BT), and binary blend red emission polymer F8BT/Red F (Ref F=poly(triphenylamine‐co‐4,7‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole‐co‐benzo[c]thiadiazole‐co‐9,9‐dioctyl‐9H‐fluorene)), demonstrated clear polarized absorption when PFN−Br was used as the orientation layer. We have studied the effects of rubbing times of a PFN−Br layer, and molecular weight, film thickness and annealing temperature of LCCP on the orientation degree. A high absorption anisotropy ratio of 12.22 was achieved for 106 nm thick F8BT film with a molecular weight of 55000 at the annealing temperature 265 °C, which is close to the theoretical limitation of the dichroic ratio of F8BT derived previously. Finally, we studied the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in chain oriented F8BT and PFO films. It showed that chain orientation made the ASE threshold anisotropic and lowers the threshold compared to the isotropic films if pumped under the favored configuration. This work provides a novel approach to reduce laser threshold and improve charge transfer simultaneously for electrically pumped devices when combined with the conductive property of PFN−Br.

Reversible cross-linking facilitates the formation of critical nucleus in binary polymer blends.

Using self-consistent field theory, we study the effect of reversible cross-linking on the nucleation behavior of a binary polymer blend where only one of the components is able to form cross-links. To control the total number of cross-links and their distribution, we introduce a position-dependent cross-linking probability function that is characterized mainly by two parameters, the magnitude and the width. In the weakly cross-linked region, where the product of the magnitude and width, I, is small, the nucleation behavior is classical-like and the profile of the free energy excess is unimodal. In contrast, in the strongly cross-linked region, the profile of the free energy excess becomes bimodal, and the free energy minimum specifies a metastable nucleus. In a certain I, the free energy barrier for the metastable nucleus turns to be negative, which means it becomes more stable. In both cases, the free energy barrier of the critical nucleus is lower than that without cross-linking, indicating that cross-linking always facilitates nucleation although the dynamic behavior may be different when a metastable nucleus is involved during the nucleation process. The free energy analysis demonstrates that the interaction energy rather than the entropy is responsible for the properties of the critical nucleus. Our study provides an easy alternative way for the control of the nucleation behavior and may attract practical interest.

Conductive Plastics from Al Platelets in a PBT-PET Polyester Blend Having Co-Continuous Morphology.

Conductive plastics are made by placing conductive fillers in polymer matrices. It is known that a conductive filler in a binary polymer blend with a co-continuous morphology is more effective than in a single polymer, because it aids the formation of a ‘segregated conductive network’. We embedded a relatively low-cost conductive filler, aluminium nano platelets, in a 60/40 PBT/PET polymer blend. While 25 vol.% of the Al nanoplatelets when placed in a single polymer (PET) gave a material with the resistivity of an insulator (1014 Ωcm), the same Al nano platelets in the 60/40 PBT/PET blend reduced the resistivity to 7.2 × 107 Ωcm, which is in the category of an electrostatic charge dissipation material. While PET tends to give amorphous articles, the 60/40 PBT/PET blends crystallised in the time scale of the injection moulding and hence the conductive articles had dimensional stability above the Tg of PET.

Piezoelectric biodegradable poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) based electrospun fiber mats with tailored porosity

AbstractPiezoelectric polymers allow transducing a mechanical stimulus into an electrical voltage, and vice‐versa, leading to a large variety of sensor and actuator applications. Further, biodegradable platforms are increasingly needed in the environmental and biotechnological areas. In this context, this work reports on electrospun fiber based membranes with tailored physical properties and morphology, through the combination of the piezoelectric and biodegradable poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) polymer with poly(ethylene oxide). The use of a binary polymer mixture and a binary solvent system of chloroform and dimethylformamide allows these materials to have their external and internal morphologies tailored. The porosity of the neat and blend fibers ranges between 79% and 93%. The produced materials demonstrated huge potential for environmental and biotechnological applications that require piezoelectricity, biodegradability, and porosity.

Meta-analysis of critical points to determine second virial coefficients for binary biopolymer mixtures

A method is introduced to extract virial coefficients from phase diagrams. Previous work demonstrated that the critical point of a phase diagram (two parameters) of a binary polymer mixture provides too little information to allow a full description of the phase diagram when using the Edmond-Ogston model (which requires three parameters). In this paper, it is shown that simultaneous analysis of multiple phase diagrams of binary polymer mixtures with shared components does allow the extraction of virial coefficients. The method is illustrated by analyzing phase diagrams for various polymer mixtures directly available in literature. The obtained virial coefficients for the polyethylene oxide/polyethylene glycol (PEO) and dextran polymers are compared to values as obtained by membrane osmometry and shown to be in satisfactory agreement. These virial coefficients are shown to follow a power-law dependence on the molecular weight. In addition, it is observed that the cross-virial coefficient can be approximately described by a simple mixing rule. This rule makes it possible to estimate the phase diagrams for polymer mixtures, where the virial coefficients of the pure components are known, but the cross-virial coefficient is unknown. The method to extract virial coefficients is also applied to a number of mixtures containing agarose, bovine serum albumin or gelatin, mixed with either PEO or dextran. The virial coefficients obtained in a simultaneous fit involving fitting the critical points of multiple phase diagrams are used to calculate the full original individual phase diagrams. Generally, there is good agreement between such a calculated phase diagram and the original experimental phase diagrams.

Higher-order structure of DNA determines its positioning in cell-size droplets under crowded conditions

BackgroundIt is becoming clearer that living cells use water/water (w/w) phase separation to form membraneless organelles that exhibit various important biological functions. Currently, it is believed that the specific localization of biomacromolecules, including DNA, RNA and proteins in w/w microdroplets is closely related to their bio-activity. Despite the importance of this possible role of micro segregation, our understanding of the underlying physico-chemical mechanism is still unrefined. Further research to unveil the underlying mechanism of the localization of macromolecules in relation to their steric conformation in w/w microdroplets is needed.Principal findingsSingle-DNA observation of genome-size DNA (T4 GT7 bacteriophage DNA; 166kbp) by fluorescence microscopy revealed that DNAs are spontaneously incorporated into w/w microdroplets generated in a binary aqueous polymer solution with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX). Interestingly, DNAs with elongated coil and shrunken conformations exhibit Brownian fluctuation inside the droplet. On the other hand, tightly packed compact globules, as well as assemblies of multiple condensed DNAs, tend to be located near the interface in the droplet.Conclusion and significanceThe specific localization of DNA molecules depending on their higher-order structure occurs in w/w microdroplet phase-separation solution under a binary aqueous polymer solution. Such an aqueous solution with polymers mimics the crowded conditions in living cells, where aqueous macromolecules exist at a level of 30–40 weight %. The specific positioning of DNA depending on its higher-order structure in w/w microdroplets is expected to provide novel insights into the mechanism and function of membraneless organelles and micro-segregated particles in living cells.

The effects of extrusion parameters and blend composition on the mechanical, rheological and thermal properties of LDPE/PS/PMMA ternary polymer blends

Polymer blending is one of the popular methods for producing tailor-made materials by combining the properties of individual polymers. Binary polymer blends have quite commonly been used over the past few decades. Recently, researchers have shifted their focus towards ternary polymer blends and this study aims to investigate a ternary polymer blend system consisting of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The LDPE/PS/PMMA blend was processed by melt blending using a twin-screw extruder. The effects of the extrusion process parameters (i.e., screw speed and barrel set temperatures) and the blend composition on the mechanical, rheological and thermal properties of the polymer blend and the degree of crystallinity of the LDPE matrix were studied. Three different screw speeds (i.e., 50 rpm, 100 rpm and 150 rpm), two different barrel set temperatures (i.e., 200 °C and 220 °C), and two different component mass ratios (i.e., 70/10/20 and 70/20/10) were studied. The results showed that the tensile properties of the LDPE/PS/PMMA blend were significantly influenced by its microstructure. Yield strength and Young's modulus decreased at first and then increased with increasing screw speed. The blend processed at a barrel set temperature of 220 °C was found to have better tensile properties than the blend processed at 200 °C. Furthermore, the blend with a PS content of 10 wt% possessed better tensile properties than the blend with a PS content of 20 wt%. Regardless of the blend compositions and the process settings, the LDPE/PS/PMMA blends reported better mechanical properties than those of pure LDPE with a Young's Modulus of 240 MPa and a yield stress of 10.47 MPa. The rheology of the blend was also significantly affected by the process parameters and the blend composition. However, different process parameters and mass ratios did not indicate a significant influence on the melting temperature (around 109.5 °C) and the degradation initiation temperature (around 252.3 °C) of the LDPE/PS/PMMA blend, but both the melting temperature and the degradation initiation temperature of the ternary blend were found to be slightly lower than those of pure LDPE. The degree of crystallinity of the LDPE matrix was also affected by both the screw speed and the barrel set temperature. The results revealed that, better mechanical properties can be achieved by blending PS and PMMA with LDPE without significantly affecting the thermal properties compared to those of pure LDPE.

Stiff-Elongated Balance of PLA-Based Polymer Blends.

In this study, polymer blends with a mechanical property balance based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA), stiff polymer, and elongated polymer were developed. First, the binary blends PLA-elongated polymer [ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyethylene], or PLA-stiff polymer [polystyrene or poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) (SMMA)] blends were studied using dynamic mechanic analysis (DMA) and analyzed using Minitab statistical software to determine the factors influencing the elongation or stiffness of the blends. Then, ternary blends such as elongation-poly(lactic acid)-stiff, were made from the binary blends that presented optimal performance. In addition, three blends [EVA–PLA–SMMA (EPS)] were elaborated by studying the mixing time (5, 15, and 15 min) and the added time of the SMMA (0, 0, and 10 min). Specifically, the mixing time for EPS 1, EPS 2, and EPS 3 is 5 min, 15 min, and 15 min (first EVA + PLA for 10 min, plus 5 min PLA-EVA and SMMA), respectively. Mechanical, thermal, rheological, and morphological properties of the blends were studied. According to DMA, the results show an increase in elongation at break (εb) and do not decrease the elastic module of poly(lactic acid). Nevertheless, EPS 3 excels in all properties, with an εb of 67% and modulus of elasticity similar to PLA. SMMA has a significant role as a compatibilizing agent and improves PLA processability.

Emergence of uniform linearly-arranged micro-droplets entrapping DNA and living cells through water/water phase-separation

Living cells maintain their lives through self-organization in an environment crowded with a rich variety of biological species. Recently, it was found that micro-droplets containing biomacromolecules, which vary widely in size, are generated accompanied by water/water phase-separation by simple mechanical mixing of an aqueous solution with binary polymers. Here, we report that cell-sized droplets of nearly the same size are generated as a linear array within a glass capillary upon the introduction of a binary polymer solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX). Interestingly, when DNA molecules are added to the polymer solution, stable droplets entrapping DNA molecules are obtained. Similarly, living cells are entrapped spontaneously for the linearly-arranged cell-sized droplets. This simple method for generating micro-droplets entrapping DNA and also living cells is expected to stimulate further study on the self-construction of protocells and micro organoids.

Controlling the enrichment location of brush grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes at the interface of various polymer blends

Guided by a phase diagram we proposed recently, the identical multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) grafted with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) brush may be located at the interface of various PMMA-based blends. Hence, we grafted PMMA brushes with the molecular weight less than that of PMMA matrix roughly on the surface of MWNTs by Cu(0)-mediated living radical polymerization, in which DMF was selected as a good reaction solvent of MMA and proper dispersant of 2-bromoisobutyrate functional MWNTs. Such modified MWNTs can be mostly located at the interface of PMMA/styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), PMMA/polystyrene (PS), PMMA/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and PMMA/poly(α-methyl styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (MSAN) blends. It can provide a path as a reference template to prepare various nanocomposites with nanoparticles self-assembling at the interface of binary polymer blends.

Design of Promising Green Cation-Exchange-Membranes-Based Sulfonated PVA and Doped with Nano Sulfated Zirconia for Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells.

The direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) is a low-temperature fuel cell that requires the development of affordable price and efficient proton exchange membranes for commercial purposes. In this context, super-acidic sulfated zirconia (SO4ZrO2) was embedded into a cheap and environmentally friendly binary polymer blend, developed from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and iota carrageenan (IC). The percentage of SO4ZrO2 ranged between 1 and 7.5 wt.% in the polymeric matrix. The study findings revealed that the composite membranes’ physicochemical features improved by adding increasing amounts of SO4ZrO2. In addition, there was a decrease in the permeability and swelling ratio of the borohydride membranes as the SO4ZrO2 weight% increased. Interestingly, the power density increased to 76 mW cm−2 at 150 mA cm−2, with 7.5 wt.% SO4ZrO2, which is very close to that of Nafion117 (91 mW cm−2). This apparent selectivity, combined with the low cost of the eco-friendly fabricated membranes, points out that DBFC has promising future applications.

Blending Donors with Different Molecular Weights: An Efficient Strategy to Resolve the Conflict between Coherence Length and Intermixed Phase in Polymer/Nonfullerene Solar Cells.

Long coherence lengths (CLs) of crystals and proper intermixed phase amount guarantee charge transport and exciton dissociate efficiently, which is crucial for organic solar cells (OSCs) to achieve high device performance. However, extending CLs usually reduces the intermixed phase, leading to an insufficient interface for exciton dissociation. Herein, a strategy using a binary polymer with different molecular weights as donor is employed, that is, poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) with high (P3HT-H) and low (P3HT-L) molecular weight are blended as donor, and (5Z,5'Z)-5,5'-(((4,4,9,9-tetraoctyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-7,4-diyl))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one) (O-IDTBR) is used as acceptor. In kinetics, the entanglements of P3HT-H are relieved due to the higher molecular diffusivity of P3HT-L. In thermodynamics, the miscibility of P3HT-L/O-IDTBR, P3HT-H/O-IDTBR, and P3HT-L/P3HT-H blends increases in turn. Hence, P3HT forms a more ordered structure with longer CLs after adding P3HT-L, which also drives O-IDTBR dispersed in P3HT crystalline regions diffuse to the O-IDTBR crystalline regions to further self-organize. Consequently, the CLs of both P3HT and O-IDTBR are extended, while keeping the intermixed phase amount proper. The optimized microstructure boosts device performance from 7.03% to 7.80%, which is one of the highest values reported for P3HT/O-IDTBR blends. This is a novel way to solve the conflict mentioned above, which may provide guidance to finely regulating the morphology of the active layer.

Carrageenan/agar-based functional film integrated with zinc sulfide nanoparticles and Pickering emulsion of tea tree essential oil for active packaging applications

A functional carrageenan/agar-based film was prepared by combining tea tree oil Pickering emulsion (PET) and zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnSNP). PET was formulated using tea tree essential oil stabilized with nanocellulose fibers. PET and ZnSNPs were uniformly dispersed in the binary polymer matrix and formed compatible films. The incorporation of ZnSNPs improved the mechanical strength, whereas PET slightly decreased the strength, but the combined addition of ZnSNP and PET maintained the mechanical strength with slightly improved flexibility. The addition of ZnSNP and PET, alone or in combination, slightly improved the water vapor barrier, water resistance, and thermal stability of the film. In addition, the carrageenan/agar-based composite membrane showed distinct antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The ZnSNP and PET incorporated binary composite films with enhanced physical and functional properties are likely to be used in active food packaging applications.

Controlling the Emission Spectrum of Binary Emitting Polymer Hybrids by a Systematic Doping Strategy via Förster Resonance Energy Transfer for White Emission.

Tuning the emission spectrum of both binary hybrids of poly (9,9′-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO) with each poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MEH-PPV) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(3,7-dimethyl-octyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] end-capped with Dimethyl phenyl (MDMO-PPV–DMP) by a systematic doping strategy was achieved. Both binary hybrid thin films of PFO/MEH-PPV and PFO/MDMO-PPV–DMP with various weight ratios were prepared via solution blending method prior to spin coating onto the glass substrates. The conjugation length of the PFO was tuned upon addition of acceptors (MEH-PPV or MDMO-PPV–DMP), as proved from shifting the emission and absorption peaks of the binary hybrids toward the acceptor in addition to enhancing the acceptor emission and reducing the absorbance of the PFO. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is more efficient in the binary hybrid of PFO/MDMO-PPV–DMP than in the PFO/MEH-PPV. The efficient FRET in both hybrid thin films played the major role for controlling their emission and producing white emission from optimum ratio of both binary hybrids. Moreover, the tuning of the emission color can be attributed to the cascade of energy transfer from PFO to MEH-PPV, and then to MDMO-PPV–DMP.

A Highly Conductive, Self-Recoverable, and Strong Eutectogel of a Deep Eutectic Solvent with Polymer Crystalline Domain Regulation.

It is desirable to fabricate an antifatigue gel for skin-mimicking sensors on the demand of long-term durability in practical usage. Here, we developed a physically cross-linked eutectogel based on a poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) (PVA/PAA) binary polymer skeleton and a deep eutectic solvent (DES). In this eutectogel, uniformly distributed PVA crystalline domains acted as stable physical cross-linkers, and high-density hydrogen bonds possessed great reversibility. Such a polymer network structure was expected to endow this eutectogel with excellent mechanical strength, stretchability, and a self-recovery ability. Specifically, this eutectogel exhibited a superior tensile strength of 2.6 MPa, a fracture strain of 680%, and a fracture toughness of 8.39 MJ m-3. In cyclic stretching/releasing tests with a fixed strain of 100%, this eutectogel could recover its mechanical properties within a 600 s resting time. Based on this self-recoverable eutectogel, a reliable flexible sensor was fabricated, which possessed good sensitivity and stability over a wide strain range (1-300%). More importantly, the flexile sensor was able to maintain a highly repeatable response signal during 1000 consecutive stretching/releasing cycles, showing outstanding long-term durability. Given the excellent sensing performance, this eutectogel has promising potential in wearable electronics, human-machine systems, and soft robotics.