Bilateral Project Research Articles

Update on the China Australia Geological Storage of CO2 (CAGS) Project: Phase 3

The China Australia Geological Storage of CO2 (CAGS) project aims to help accelerate the development and deployment of geological storage of carbon dioxide in both China and Australia. CAGS Phase 3 (CAGS3) of this successful bilateral project commenced in January 2016 and will conclude in December 2018. The focus of this third phase of CAGS has changed from national level capacity building and supporting desktop/laboratory research projects of the earlier phases to supporting three large research projects, with a particular emphasis on developing capacity in the western region of Xinjiang. Xinjiang is regarded as one of the most prospective regions globally for implementation of large-scale carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS). The combination of a targeted workshop and training school, supporting CCUS research projects, sponsoring a technical CCUS symposium in Australia, and facilitating scientific exchanges between Australian and Chinese researchers has contributed to a very effective CCUS capacity building program. The CAGS project has had a measureable positive impact on advancing CCUS in China through its capacity building activities.

Reaching and Supporting Trafficked Women in Austria and Germany: A Call for Training on Attachment and Trust-Building

Many victims of trafficking in women are not reached by the available support services despite numerous measures that have been put in place on both the national and international levels. This deficiency is due to the inadequacy of the support systems, which do not meet the needs of the women concerned. A bilateral Austro-German research project entitled “Prävention und Intervention bei Menschenhandel zum Zweck sexueller Ausbeutung (PRIMSA) [“Prevention and intervention in the trafficking of human beings for the purpose of sexual exploitation”] was set up with the aim of developing ideas for a multidisciplinary prevention and intervention scheme. This article presents a case study of one of the women from a Central European country who was interviewed and the selected results on the need for training on trust-building and attachment with victims.

Crisis of Regional Leadership and Stagnation of Mega-projects in Asia-Pacific: Consequences for Russia

Analyses of modern trade and economic relations in Asia-Pacific region. Research of the roles of the United States of America and China under the conditions of protectionism initiated by the D. Tramp’s administration and stagnation of mega-projects. Crisis of leadership and role of USA and China in regional mega-project (APEC, TPP, RCPEC). Ability of the USA and the PRC to create regional economic priorities, as well as to determine the course of integration processes. Analysis of the main obstacles of realization of American and Chinese leadership potential. Regional integration project initiated by Japan, India and the Republic of Korea and prospects for Indo-Pacific Asia. China-USA competition and main trends of regional integration. Comparative study of opportunitiesand prospects for bilateral and mega-regional economic projects. As an example, observation of South Korean initiative “New Economic Map” is presented and analyzed. Role of “New Economic Forum” initiated by Bloomberg with support of global big business is examined also. Initiative of Indo-Pacific region, Japan-India economic cooperation are examined, as well as Washington policy to counterweight China foreign economic and political expansion. Analyzing of prospects and consequences of competition between USA and the PRC in Pacific regions. Main issues, opportunities and challenges of Russia’s economic expansion in Asia-Pacific region. Close interconnection between policy, security and economiccooperation in the region: influence on Russia’s Pacific priorities and diplomacy. Characteristics of some problems of Russian “East Policy” during last several years. Some arguments are presented in favor of Russia’s strategy of “policy of focused partnerships”. This kind of policy means prevail of business activity in some special projects as well as in some geographic areas. It is also stressed that it is in Russia’s long-run interests to use of all kind of diplomatic measures in order to minimize any attempts to oppose India to China. But try its best to support cooperation between Russia, China and India in Pacific, as well as in Indo-Pacific region.

Economic and Statistical Analysis of Trade and Economic Cooperation Between the Kyrgyz Republic and the Russian Federation

The authors developed economic and statistical analysis on bilateral economic and trade and investment partnership between the Republic of Kyrgyzstan and the Russian Federation for the past decade and formulated proposals for the further coordination of long-term foreign economic policy.The paper provides an analytical review of intercountry trade and investment cooperation with emphasis on manufacturing. It is based on data from various international organizations (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Eurasian Economic Commission) and the National statistical committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. Extensive statistical material supports the thesis on using the benefits of integration for the economy of the Kyrgyz Republic, even though it remains dependent on political fluctuations and has an underdeveloped business environment.The authors examine the implementation of bilateral contracts, projects and agreements from 2008 to 2016, with an emphasis on critical long-term interests of two states, and discuss perspectives for trade and economic cooperation in the medium and long terms. They also cover questions regarding coordination of economic policy in the abovementioned areas. Considerable attention is given to evidence-based reasoning in favor of strengthening the Russian-Kyrgyz partnership in the field of trade and investment. There is also a need for statistical support for the implementation of joint programs to improve the sustainability and competitiveness of national economies, as well as a broad integration cooperation agenda within the Eurasian Economic Union and other associations.

Strengthening the community support group to improve maternal and neonatal health seeking behaviors: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in Satkhira District, Bangladesh.

BackgroundAlthough achieved development goals on maternal and child health, in the era of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Bangladesh still needs to promote skilled attendance at birth as well as a continuum of care for mothers and babies. How to implement effective interventions by strengthening the community health system also remains as a crucial policy issue. The objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the impact of a community-based intervention as part of a bilateral development aid project on utilization of maternal and neonatal care provided by skilled providers and qualified facilities.MethodsA cluster randomized trial was conducted in Kalaroa Upazila of Satkhira District. Community Clinics (CCs) in the study setting were randomly allocated to either intervention or control. We recruited all eligible women covered by CC catchment areas who gave a birth during the past 12 months of data collection at the baseline and end-line surveys. In the intervention areas, three Community Support Groups (CSGs) were developed in each of the CC areas. The members of CSG were trained to identify pregnant women, educate community people on pregnancy related danger signs, and encourage them for utilization of skilled services in the community and health facilities. The primary outcomes were the utilization of services for antenatal care, delivery, postnatal care and sick newborns. Difference-in-Difference (DID) analysis was performed to identify the changes by the intervention with adjustment of cluster effects by generalized mixed effects regression models.ResultThe major indicators of the utilization of maternal and neonatal care among pregnant women with different wealth status showed significant improvement after the intervention. The impacts of the intervention were in particular significant among the women of 2nd and 3rd quintiles of household wealth status. The use of CCs increased after the intervention and private hospitals / clinics served as the major health providers. The study also identified increased practices of cesarean section.ConclusionThe success of the intervention suggests a potential of the government efforts to strengthen the community support system for promotion of safe motherhood. The intervention helps to identify and remove existing and emerging barriers that lie between women and healthcare providers for safe motherhood and continuum of care.Trial registrationUMIN Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000031789.

Співпраця України та ОБСЄ у сфері захисту прав людини на свободу совісті і віросповідання

Метою статті є аналіз основоположних документів НБСЄ – ОБСЄ та їх вплив на вітчизняне законодавство у сфері свободи совісті і віросповідання, а також співпраця нашої держави й ОБСЄ щодо захисту свободи совісті і релігійних прав людини та громадянина.
 Наукова новизна полягає в аналізі нормативної бази співпраці України й ОБСЄ щодо захисту прав людини на свободу совісті і віросповідання, відповідності національного законодавства нашої держави принципам і рекомендаціям ОБСЄ щодо захисту прав віруючих, а також реалізації двосторонніх проектів, які забезпечують демократичні перетворення у нашій державі.
 Висновки. Україна тісно співпрацює з ОБСЄ у сфері захисту прав людини і громадянина, у тому числі у сфері свободи совісті і віросповідання. Більша частина відповідних рекомендацій ОБСЄ імплементована в національне законодавство, розробляються нові законодавчі зміни, покликані врахувати рекомендації ОБСЄ щодо забезпечення прав віруючих і релігійних громад. Правовою основою двосторонньої співпраці додатково виступають Меморандум про взаєморозуміння між Урядом України й Організацією з безпеки і співробітництва в Європі (ОБСЄ) щодо створення нової форми співробітництва від 13 липня 1999 р., а також меморандуми про: взаєморозуміння між Міністерством внутрішніх справ України та Бюро з демократичних інститутів і прав людини ОБСЄ (БДІПЛ) від 5 липня 2012 р., співробітництво між Конституційним Судом України та Координатором проектів ОБСЄ в Україні від 16 липня 2014 р., співробітництво між Верховним Судом України та Координатором проектів ОБСЄ в Україні від 24 липня 2014 р. Ці правові акти стали основою для реалізації у 2015 – 2016 рр. проекту ОБСЄ/БДІПЛ «Зміцнення безпеки релігійних громад та інших груп в Україні». Активну діяльність провадять Координатор проектів ОБСЄ в Україні та Спеціальна моніторингова місія ОБСЄ в Україні, які співпрацюють з Уповноваженим Верховної Ради з прав людини. Завдяки такій інтенсивній співпраці ОБСЄ й України удосконалюється не лише національне законодавство у сфері захисту прав людини на свободу совісті і віросповідання, а й судова практика, що є гарантією демократичних перетворень у нашій державі

Solving a Container Terminal Location Problem Using Decision Support Systems

Abstract University of Žilina and University of Belgrade renewed their cooperation in the field of railway traffic and engineering in 2011. The bilateral research project EFRAIL that started in 2017 was focused on increasing effectiveness of the railway transport services using decision-support systems. At the same time, researchers of the University of Žilina started the participation on SKILLFUL project. SKILLFUL is financed under H2020. The main project vision is to identify the skills in training and education of future transport professionals. In this paper, we present a summary of the survey focused on available simulation tools and partially on the application of mathematical models of operations research realized in frame of the EFRAIL project. We present how the decision support systems can be used for solving a container terminal location problem in the case of container terminal in Vrsac town in Serbia. Firstly, on the frame of the EFRAIL project, we used a so called compromise programming method. Secondly, we used similar problem to develop one of lessons for railway experts’ training in GIS, as our participation in the SKILLFUL project. In this lesson, main topics are spatial analysis, multi-criterial analysis based on raster layers.

Risk behavioral survey in the sample of Slovak adolescents.

The study was aimed to assess risky behavioral factors in the sample of Slovak adolescents. Health-risk behavior contributes to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults. The Youth and Parents Risk Factor Behavior Survey (YABS), based on bilateral US-Slovak project, is an ongoing cross-sectional school-based survey initiated in Bratislava as a model region. There were 798 questionnaires for students distributed; the response rate was 64 %. The sample involved 525 adolescents aged 15‒19 years from eight selected secondary schools in Bratislava, 38 % boys and 62 % girls. More than 90 % of fathers and mothers were employed, but some families nevertheless experienced a lack of finances (48.1 %), almost 70 % of students were from complete families. The study revealed a very high prevalence of risky behavioral characteristics in this pilot sample of adolescents significantly related to age, gender, type of school, completeness of the family and lower parental education. CONCLUSION: The most important health risk behaviors were identified (tobacco, alcohol, drug consumption, violence, risky sexual behavior, inadequate sleep, physical inactivity, and excessive IT devices use). Targeted intervention proposals will be suggested in future (Tab. 5, Ref. 42).

Overview of the BINA Activities

Here, we summarize the ongoing activities of an international bilateral research project entitled “Belgo-Indian Network for Astronomy and astrophysics (BINA)” running jointly since 2014 by the astronomers of various Indian and Belgian institutions. The network activities are being financially supported by the Depart-ment of Science and Technology (DST; Government of India) and the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO; Government of Belgium). The structure and mandate of the BINA network are presented. The observational facilities being used to achieve the goals of the project are delineated. The overview of the activities and future perspective in the light of upcoming observational facilities are also highlighted.

The China Australia Geological Storage of CO2 (CAGS) Project: An example of bilateral cooperation and successful capacity building

The China Australia Geological Storage of CO₂ (CAGS) Project is a collaborative project that aims to accelerate the development and deployment of geological storage of carbon dioxide in China and Australia. There are four main programs under CAGS to build CCS capabilities in both countries: research projects, technical workshops, training schools, and scholarly exchanges. All have contributed in advancing CCS/CCUS knowledge and building capability in China and Australia. Now in its third phase and its 10th year, CAGS is regarded as a successful bilateral project, which has produced essential research for advancing CCUS in China, established a strong network for Australian and Chinese researchers and institutions, and contributed to advancing CCUS globally. The paper describes the history of the collaboration and impact of this successful bilateral project.

The determination of the stress intensity factor solutions for the new pipe-ring specimen using FEA

For safe transport and reliable supply of petrochemical substances, it is crucial to ensure the structural integrity of the equipment, pipelines in particular. Regarding the large diameters and high mass per distance, pipelines for natural gas are designed as thin-walled cylindrical structures. To ensure the structural integrity of the unknown material means to measure and therefore empirically test the material fracture properties of the laboratory specimen for giving an assessment of the accepted defect size. Compared to standards and regulations, such as the ASTM E-1820, BS 7448 standards and the GKSS procedure, the production of standard specimens for measuring the fracture toughness is commonly very difficult or even impossible for applications. On the basis of the Slovenian–Russian bilateral project, we investigate and propose a solution for this issue with a new kind of specimen, called the pipe-ring specimen. The specimens were made from a segment of the observed thin-walled pipeline from the construction filed or stored in a warehouse. The measurement procedure is similar as for the standard SENB specimens and extensometer because of the geometry of the specimen, which is cut from the pipe and contains only a machine-made notch. The next step is to test specimens axially on the three-point bending load test on the hydraulic machine. Because the ring as the specimen is not standardized, it is necessary to show and prove how, and if it is possible to use ring specimens as an alternative option to the standard specimens for testing and determining fracture properties of testing material for thin-walled pipelines. In the frame of the three main experimental, analytical and numerical approaches, this publication shows the numerical approach of defining the stress intensity factor (SIF) for crack opening mode I with and without prior fatigue pre-cracking. Besides the limit load, the SIF presents one of two main parameters for developing the failure assessment diagram and estimating the possible accepted defects in a material relating to its’ structural integrity.

Technical Advisors as Brokers: Translating Gender Equality and Human Rights Policies and Values into Practice in the Water Sector in Nepal

How are development policies, prepared by donors, translated into practice in different social settings? Many modalities are used, but we consider bilateral projects to be a conduit for value change and sustainable development. Our case concerns two bilateral projects with Nepali and international technical advisors. The article discusses the complex scenario that technical advisors must navigate to broker policy ideals into practice. They must respect the intentions and regulatory and normative frameworks of the donor and recipient governments, and the local cultures and realities of the local governments and villagers with whom they work. At the same time, they promote value change in support of gender equality and human rights. This also raises the question of whose values count—those of the donor, Nepalese Government, local participants or the advisors? We argue that technical assistance has an indispensable role in facilitating sustainable, equitable and inclusive rural development outcomes in socio-culturally difficult operational environments.

Russian-Egyptian economic relations: history and mоdernity

The author for the first time generalized information on the Russian-Egyptian economic relations since the beginning of the 60th years of the 19th century so far and allocated a number of stages of their development. However, he pays the main attention to the analysis of the current state of bilateral cooperation and long-term projects, which will define the level of development of trade and economic relations in the near future. The largest of them is the project of the NPP “Dabaa”. Four commercial contracts on this project make nearly $60 bln. According to the signed contracts, Rosatom will build till 2029 four VVER-1200 units generation 3+ of the NPP “Dabaa” in the Matrouh region on the Mediterranean coast, as well as supplying nuclear fuel throughout the plant’s entire operational lifetime. In addition, Rosatom will be conduct personnel training and will assist its Egyptian partners in the operation and maintenance of the NPP for the first ten years of its operation. Besides, the Russian side will construct a purpose-built storage and supply containers for storing spent fuel. Life cycle of this project can make 100 years. Presidents of Russia and Egypt Vladimir Putin and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi accepted the decision in principle on implementation of other large project – the Russian industrial zone (RIZ) in Egypt – at a meeting in 2014. During this time, the parties chose the location of a zone, developed the business plan and the master plan of the RIZ taking into account stage-by-stage development of the territory and coordinated conditions of the special intergovernmental agreement on creation of the RIZ. Implementation of this project has to begin in the nearest future. The research showed the high level of complementarity of economies of two countries, which creates strong base of further development of different forms of mutually beneficial economic relations.

NOWE MODELE W DYDAKTYCE KULTURY. POLSKO-NIEMIECKIE MIEJSCA PAMIĘCI JAKO PRZYKŁAD INNOWACYJNEGO NAUCZANIA JĘZYKA NIEMIECKIEGO W KSZTAŁCENIU AKADEMICKIM

One of the main aims of uniting Europe is to create a common European culture of remembrance. To achieve this, different transnational projects are carried out, especially in historical sciences, but increasingly also in other disciplines such as pedagogy. This paper shows a new solution in teaching German as a foreign language at an academic level using the didactics of culture. The lesson unit discussed in this paper was developed within a bilateral project New models of didactics of culture. Polish-German realms of memory during a workshop which had been conducted by students of four universities (two Polish and two German), in order to design lessons curriculums. This article discusses how history and foreign language can be taught within an intercultural lesson unit which focuses on area studies.

Água e floresta na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável do Uatumã

Trata-se de artigo exploratório-descritivo da expedição científica realizada na Reserva de Desen-volvimento Sustentável do Uatumã (RDS do Uatumã) em agosto de 2017 pela equipe de pesquisa do projeto conjunto entre Brasil-França denominado por SINBIOSE “Système d’INdicateurs de BIOdiversité à l’uSage des actEurs: Biodiversité terrestre et aquatique (Amazone & Oyapock)” ou “Sistema de INdicadores da BIOdiversidade para o uSo dos atorEs: biodiversidade terrestre e aquá-tica (rio Amazonas e Oiapoque)”, aprovado no Programa Internacional de Cooperação GuyAmazon - Edital n.022/2014 da FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas. O ar-tigo descreve os aprendizados adquiridos no chão das comunidades da RDS, trazendo questões ini-ciais para aprofundamento pela pesquisa sobre temas como: a efetividade do Programa Bolsa Flo-resta, as técnicas de monitoramento de sua implementação, possibilidades de conflitos socioambien-tais entre práticas tradicionais na conservação da biodiversidade e novas práticas econômicas como o turismo de pesca esportiva, possíveis descaracterizações do sentido comunitário a partir do surgi-mento de pousadas particulares, o nível de incorporação do conhecimento dos locais na imple-mentação de políticas públicas e também se os Sistemas Agroflorestais poderiam estar, em certas situações, promovendo no curto prazo um aumento do desmatamento para no médio prazo contri-buir com a proteção florestal.

Genomics, genetics and breeding of tropical legumes for better livelihoods of smallholder farmers.

Legumes are important components of sustainable agricultural production, food, nutrition and income systems of developing countries. In spite of their importance, legume crop production is challenged by a number of biotic (diseases and pests) and abiotic stresses (heat, frost, drought and salinity), edaphic factors (associated with soil nutrient deficits) and policy issues (where less emphasis is put on legumes compared to priority starchy staples). Significant research and development work have been done in the past decade on important grain legumes through collaborative bilateral and multilateral projects as well as the CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes (CRP‐GL). Through these initiatives, genomic resources and genomic tools such as draft genome sequence, resequencing data, large‐scale genomewide markers, dense genetic maps, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and diagnostic markers have been developed for further use in multiple genetic and breeding applications. Also, these mega‐initiatives facilitated release of a number of new varieties and also dissemination of on‐the‐shelf varieties to the farmers. More efforts are needed to enhance genetic gains by reducing the time required in cultivar development through integration of genomics‐assisted breeding approaches and rapid generation advancement.

Интеграцията на България и Румъния в ЕС и приспособяването им към промените в глобалната икономика

On 15.06.2017 at the Institute of Economic Studies at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (IESB), within the framework of the bilateral Bulgarian-Romanian project of the same name, a conference on "Bulgaria and Romania EU Member States, Part of the World Economy" was held, organized by the International Economics Section of the IESB in cooperation with the Institute of World Economy at the Romanian Academy (ISE-RA).1 The conference was opened with an address by the Director of the IESB Prof. Dr. Alexander Tasev.

Development aid and infant mortality. Micro-level evidence from Nigeria

While there is a vast literature studying the effects of official development aid (ODA) on economic growth, there are far fewer comparative studies addressing how aid affects health outcomes. Furthermore, while much attention has been paid to country-level effects of aid, there is a clear knowledge gap in the literature when it comes to systematic studies of aid effectiveness below the country-level. Addressing this gap, we undertake what we believe is the first systematic attempt to study how ODA affects infant mortality at the subnational level. We match new geographic aid data from the AidData on the precise location, type, and time frame of bilateral and multilateral aid projects in Nigeria with available georeferenced survey data from five Nigerian Demographic and Health Surveys. Using quasi-experimental approaches, with mother fixed-effects, we are able to control for a vast number of unobserved factors that may otherwise be spuriously correlated with both infant mortality and ODA. The results indicate very clearly that geographical proximity to active aid projects reduces infant mortality. Moreover, aid contributes to reduce systematic inter-group, or horizontal, inequalities in a setting where such differences loom large. In particular, we find that aid more effectively reduces infant mortality in less privileged groups like children of Muslim women, and children living in rural, and in Muslim-dominated areas. Finally, there is evidence that aid projects are established in areas that on average have lower infant mortality than non-aid locations, suggesting that there are biases resulting in aid not necessarily reaching those populations in greatest need.

A Validation of Observed Meteotsunami in the West Coast of Sri Lanka with European Centre of Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Modelled Data

Metetsunamis are local regional events originating from perturbation of water levels by the impulse of particularly pressure drop in a disturbed atmospheric weather system and amplified to a destructive Tsunami wave with the combined effect of resonance. For the preliminary investigation a Meteotsunami event was analysed for one minute’s frequency data collected in situ sea level measuring station established in Colombo, Sri Lanka under the authority of National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA) with the supervision of Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). The contribution of disturbed weather system was analysed using wind speed (ms-1), atmospheric pressure (hPa) 10 min frequent reading from the Meteorological Department of Sri Lanka and weather station established under the bilateral project of University of Notre dame and NARA. The observed Meteotsunami event was validated using gridded modelled data (12.5 km resolution) obtained from the European Centre of Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and analysed using 6 hourly frequent atmospheric pressure (hPa) data, U and V at wind data at 10 m height and significant wave height. For the identification of Meteotsunami events, observed tide gauge readings were analysed in few different steps. The tidal constituents were quantified using harmonic analysis to obtained astronomical effect removed sea level variation and filtered to isolate Meteotsunami events using math lab software.According to the in situ observation data the atmospheric pressure gradient was recorded as 1008-1001 milibar hours while the modelled value dropped from 1009 to 1002 milibar hours. The observed wind speed was increased from 14.21 to 31.90 mph within 4 hours of time period and ECMWF wind speed increased from 11.02 to 19.94 mph with positive deviation. The observed wave height of Metiotsunami event was >0.3 m while model derived wave height was 0.6 m during the low tide period of the day. According to the threshold criterion suggested by Monserrat for classifying Meteotsunami, resulted wave amplitude of observation data exceeded 4 x σ, where σ is standard deviation of astronomical effect removed residual sea level time series. Further studies are required for the investigation of propagation mechanism with amplifying through the bays with the resonance effects. Further high frequency data are insufficient for the investigation of correlation with synoptic scale meteorological event.The ECMWF model is highly recommended for the prediction of disturbed atmospheric system and related ocean based extreme event forecast for prevention of ocean, atmospheric hazards and mitigation of vulnerability with the effect of global change giving real value of lives in the earth. Keywords: Sea level, Meteotsunami, Tsunami, Atmospheric, Resonance

Does education for intercultural citizenship lead to language learning?

ABSTRACTThis paper reports a bilateral university project designed to promote intercultural citizenship and foreign language development simultaneously. It is concerned with developing active and responsible citizenship through content-language integrated learning within an ordinary foreign language classroom. The need and rationale for broadening the scope of language courses and combining them with intercultural citizenship or human rights education has been explained elsewhere and empirical studies reporting on classroom practice are recently available. These studies have connected both types of education (language and citizenship/human rights) and have demonstrated growth in self and intercultural awareness, in criticality and social justice responsibility, as well as the emergence of a sense of community of international peers during the projects. However, the concern remains as to whether this combination leads to language learning and this article addresses this issue. The article describes one transnational intercultural citizenship project in the foreign language classroom in Argentina and the UK and focuses on the research question: Does an intercultural citizenship project lead to language learning? Findings – taken from the Argentinean data – show that students developed procedural knowledge by using the foreign language with a genuine need, engaged in multiliteracies practices and developed their plurilingual competence within a translingual orientation.