Bilateral Krukenberg Research Articles

Bilateral Krukenberg ovarian tumours complicated by pregnancy in an antiguan woman of African ethnicity

Bilateral Krukenberg ovarian tumours complicated by pregnancy in an antiguan woman of African ethnicity

Bilateral retinal venous occlusion in pigmentary glaucoma

The association of central retinal vein occlusion with primary open angle glaucoma is well known. This communication reports the occurrence of branch retinal vein occlusion and central retinal vein occlusion in a case of pigmentary glaucoma. A 32-year-old man presented with old branch retinal vein occlusion in one eye and resolving central retinal vein occlusion in the other eye. Examination revealed bilateral Krukenberg's spindle and hyperpigmented trabecular meshwork. Intraocular pressure was 30 mmHg OU. Topical antiglaucoma medication was prescribed. Intraocular pressure was controlled with topical antiglaucoma medication. The present report suggests that intraocular pressure monitoring is important in eyes even with branch retinal vein occlusion. Pigment dispersion may be the underlying cause for bilateral retinal vein occlusion, especially in young patients.

Bilateral krukenberg tumors due to appendiceal mucinous carcinoid

Bilateral krukenberg tumors due to appendiceal mucinous carcinoid

A CASE OF INTRAMUCOSAL GASTRIC CANCER TYPE IIc WITH WIDERSPREAD METASTASES

We experienced a very rare case of intramucosal early gastric cancer which metastasized to be bilateral ovaries, peritoneum, pleura, pericardium and many lymph nodes. A 46-year-old woman was referred to our division of gynecology because of a large tumor of the lower abdo-men. During operation bilateral enlarged ovaries were found and a biopsy specimen from an ovary was diagnosed as signet-ring cell carcinoma. A washing cytology was class V. Massive bilateral Krukenberg tumors and the uterus were resected, but no primary lesion was found except the regional lymph node metastases around the stomach. Thereafter an intramucosal II c lesion was found in the lower body of the stomach. It was signet-ring cell carcinoma histologically. A surgical mucosectomy was performed and the lesion was confirmed to be an intramucosal signet-ring cell carcinoma without lymphatic permeation or venous invasion. A dual histochemical stain with galactose oxidase-cold thionim Schiff (GOCTS) procedure and then with para-doxical concanavalin A staining (PCS) revealed that Krukenberg tumors were metastatic foci from the gastric cancer.

Case report: Krukenberg tumours arising from a primary duodenojejunal adenocarcinoma

We report a case of a bilateral Krukenberg tumour of the ovaries arising from a primary adenocarcinoma of the duodenojejunal flexure. Adenocarcinoma of the small bowel is uncommon, representing 1% of all primary malignant tumours of the gastrointestinal tract [1]. Krukenberg tumours arising from a primary duodenojejunal adenocarcinoma are even more unusual. To our knowledge there are less than five reported cases in the English literature [2,3]. Mazur et al. reviewing 325 cases of metastases to the female genital tract over 31 years, found only one case of ovarian metastasis from a primary small bowel carcinoma [2]. Most small bowel adenocarcinomas tend to metastasize to regional lymph nodes and the liver.

Primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix with bilateral Krukenberg tumors of the ovary and primary adenocarcinoma of the endometrium

A patient with a primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix with bilateral ovarian metastases and a coexisting primary adenocarcinoma of the endometrium is described.

Krukenberg tumors of the ovary: a clinicopathologic analysis of 27 cases.

A series of 27 typical Krukenberg tumors of the ovary were analyzed. By definition, all examples were characterized by the presence of mucinous signet-ring carcinoma cells within a cellular, nonneoplastic ovarian stroma. The patients' ages ranged from 20-70 years; almost one-half were 40 years of age or younger. A primary carcinoma of the stomach (16 cases) or colon (four cases) was found in 20 (90.9%) of 22 patients with available follow-up data. The primary gastrointestinal carcinomas had been diagnosed before emergence of the ovarian tumors in only five cases. The ovarian and gastrointestinal tumors were synchronously diagnosed in ten cases, while in five instances the primary carcinomas were not discovered until after the ovarian tumors had been treated. An acceptable primary extraovarian cancer was not detected in two women. Both had bilateral Krukenberg tumors and died with widespread carcinomatosis less than two years postoperatively. Typically, the ovarian tumors were bilateral, asymmetrically large and solid. Important histologic features included a greater abundance of intracellular neutral glycoproteins than acidic mucins, a storiform pattern of hyperplastic cortical stromal cells (44.4%) and carcinomatous emboli (51.6%). While the entity of "primary" Krukenberg tumor cannot be unequivocally denied, all women with typical Krukenberg tumors should be considered as having metastatic carcinoma, usually from the stomach, until proven otherwise.

Long-interval masculinizing Krukenberg tumor of the ovary

Bilateral Krukenberg tumor of the ovary associated with testosterone production causing masculinization, was detected in a postmenopausal woman who had undergone subtotal gastrectomy for infiltrative adenocarcinoma 8 yr previously. The case described is exceptional in the length of the quiet asymptomatic period of 8 yr between the appearance of the primary tumor of the stomach and the metastatic spread to the ovaries.

Bilateral Krukenberg tumours arising from an occult primary carcinoma of appendix

SummaryHesketh (1963) emphasised the rarity of primary adenocarcinoma of the vermiform appendix, which accounts for 005 per cent of all gastrointestinal tumours. He reviewed 94 cases, 44 per cent of which presented with acute appendicitis, 14 per cent with appendicular abscess, 11 per cent as ‘chronic appendicitis’ and 11 per cent at autopsy. Fourteen per cent were discovered incidentally during laparotomy. The majority of these tumours present with obstruction of the appendix leading to secondary appendicitis, and the remainder with chronic abdominal pain or signs of advanced metastatic disease. Preoperative diagnosis is exceedingly difficult.There is only one description in the English literature of a primary mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of the appendix which locally invaded the caecum and regional lymph nodes and produced Krukenberg tumours (Paone et al., 1978). A further case is presented in which characteristic Krukenberg tumours were observed at laparotomy.

Bilateral Krukenberg operations in a young child

The Krukenberg operation for the loss of one or both hands has never gained wide acceptance in countries with readily available limb-fitting services. We feel that the preservation of skin senstation at the gripping surfaces together with precise and powerful movement, make this operation superior to any prosthesis. We report its successful use in a 4-year-old child who had rejected a conventional activated prosthesis.

Virilization coexisting with Krukenberg tumor during pregnancy

Certain ovarian tumors which are not usually considered to be functional have been found in the presence of virilism on estrinism. This report concerns an unusual case of huge, bilateral Krukenberg tumors associated with massive virilization occurring during pregnancy. Virilization of the female infant also occurred.A thorough endocrine investigation was performed preoperatively with subsequent postoperative follow-up. The decrease of the tremendously elevated urinary steroids to normal levels following removal of the ovarian tumors strongly suggest that the ovaries were the source of the androgenic hormones. Also the absence of all hormonal manifestations during recurrence of the tumor lends further support to this thought.Evidence is presented to show that the androgen production by the ovaries was not significant until after the first trimester of pregnancy. Histochemical studies of the ovarian tissue appear to offer convincing evidence that the ovarian stroma cells, rather than the tumor tissue itself, was the actual site of hormone production.At autopsy, no primary lesion of the gastrointestinal tract was found. It is postulated that the primary site of the tumor was in the breast.A review of the previously reported cases of Krukenberg tumors associated with virilization is presented.