Big Changes Research Articles

An Efficient Procedure for Bonding Piezoelectric Transducers to Thermoplastic Composite Structures for SHM Application and Its Durability in Aeronautical Environmental Conditions

Piezoceramic transducers (PCTs) bonded to carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite structures must be durable as well as remain properly bonded to the structure in order to provide reliable data for accurate guided-wave-based structural health monitoring (SHM) of aeronautical components. The current method of bonding transducers to composite structures through epoxy adhesives faces some shortcomings, such as difficult reparability, lack of weldability, longer curing cycles, and shorter shelf life. To overcome these shortcomings, a new efficient procedure for bonding the transducers to thermoplastic (TP) composite structures was developed by utilizing TP adhesive films. Application-suitable TP films (TPFs) were identified and characterized through standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and single lap shear (SLS) tests to study their melting behavior and bonding strength, respectively. Special PCTs called acousto-ultrasonic composite transducers (AUCTs) were bonded to high-performance TP composites (carbon fiber Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone) coupons with a reference adhesive (Loctite EA 9695) and the selected TPFs. The integrity and durability of the bonded AUCTs in aeronautical operational environmental conditions (AOEC) were assessed in accordance to the standard Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics DO-160. The AOEC tests performed were operating low and high temperatures, thermal cycling, hot-wet, and fluid susceptibility tests. The health and bonding quality of the AUCTs were evaluated by the electro-mechanical impedance (EMI) spectroscopy method and ultrasonic inspections. The AUCT defects were created artificially and their influence on the susceptance spectra (SS) was measured to compare them with the AOEC-tested AUCTs. The results show that a small change occurred in the SS characteristics of the bonded AUCTs in all of the adhesive cases after the AOEC tests. After comparing the changes in SS characteristics of simulated defects with that of the AOEC-tested AUCTs, the change is relatively smaller and therefore it can be concluded that no serious degradation of the AUCT or the adhesive layer has occurred. It was observed that the most critical tests among the AOEC tests are the fluid susceptibility tests, which can cause the biggest change in the SS characteristics. Comparing the performance of the AUCTs bonded with the reference adhesive and the selected TPFs in the AOEC tests, it was seen that some of the TPFs, e.g., Pontacol 22.100 outperforms the reference adhesive, while the other TPFs have similar performance to that of the reference adhesive. Therefore, in conclusion, the AUCTs bonded with the selected TPFs can withstand the operational and environmental conditions of an aircraft structure, and hence, the proposed procedure is easily installed, reparable, and a more reliable method of bonding sensors to aircraft structures.

How the new FAFSA will impact admissions

AURORA, COLORADO — Simply put, said Karen McCarthy, the upcoming changes to the government's form to determine student aid is “the biggest change in FAFSA since we've had the FAFSA.”

An Alternative Approach to Frequency of Patent Technology Codes: The Case of Renewable Energy Generation

Abstract This article proposes a methodology to identify technological transitions (TTs) by systematically using the total variation distance (TVD) metric. We use a database of renewable energy generation (REG) patents to exemplify the usefulness of TVD to uncover moments where a “big change” in REG technology happened. To do this, we compare the observed frequency distribution of technology codes of REG patents filed between 1973 and 2015 in the US, spread across seven categories (e.g., wind and tidal). We identify two crucial TTs, one at the beginning of the 1980s and another in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In this manner, we reconcile qualitative evidence that registers major REG changes with a quantitative measure that reflects them. Policy evaluations or causality analyses often rely on identifying TTs accurately; therefore, this approach is not constrained to the REG technology or TTs but helps reveal such transition moments in a database whose characteristics are suitable for the use of TVD.

Comparative Research of Foreign Language Teaching of Primary and Secondary Schools in China and Russia

The world today is undergoing a period of fast development and big changes, with the emergence of a more and more multi-polarization world and the in-depth development of economic globalization, the rapid advancement of science and technology, and the increasingly fierce competition for talents. Therefore, all countries in the world regard creating a world-first-class education system and enhancing their competitiveness in education as their strategic goals. Among that, foreign language education is especially important as the basis for building a bridge of communication between countries in the era of globalization. China and Russia have always maintained close cooperation in the fields of politics, economy, culture, and education. The two countries are always communicating and learning from each other. This article focuses on foreign language teaching in primary and secondary schools in China and Russia. By analyzing important documents, teaching materials, and teaching methods in the field of foreign language education in China and Russia since the beginning of the 21st century, it compares and summarizes the similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of foreign language teaching in the two countries. The results show that the fertility of foreign language course settings and the literature-oriented learning material promote foreign language teaching in Russia. This helps provide some experiences for future policy designers, textbook writers, and teachers in primary and secondary schools' foreign language teaching fields in other countries.

Analysis of the Coordination of Built-Up Area Expansion and Population Growth in the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration

Exploring the coordinated relationship between built-up area expansion and population growth in the urbanization process is important for the planning and sustainable development of cities. The article took Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as the study area, which was divided into the Provincial Capital Economic Circle, Jiaodong Economic Circle, and Lunan Economic Circle according to the plan named the Implementation Plan for Implementing the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Establishing a New Mechanism for More Effective Regional Co-ordinated Development. The people–land coordination relationship in the region was analyzed from the perspective of spatio-temporal integration through indices such as fractal dimension, spatial autocorrelation, population sprawl, and city land expansion and population growth coordination index (CPI) The results showed that (1) the relationship between built-up area expansion and population growth in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration was uncoordinated. The three economic circles mainly changed from rapid population growth to significant expansion of built-up areas. (2) The development patterns of the three economic circles were different. The Provincial Capital and Jiaodong showed a pattern with Jinan and Qingdao as the core, driving the periphery area. Lunan showed a multi-point scattered development; there was no central city, but Linyi City was developing faster. (3) Jiaodong had the biggest changes in terms of population and built-up area. This study provides a scientific reference for the urban planning and sustainable development of the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration.

Using the SWOT model to analyze the development strategy of L’Oréal Group

L’Oréal mainly produces and markets skin care, makeup, perfume, and hair care products. It has many well-known brands, such as Lancôme, L’Oréal Paris, and Maybelline, and its performance is leading in the industry. With technology developing, the way that cosmetics companies sell their products has changed. Big developments and changes are happening in this industry. This paper aims to analyze the strategy of L'Oréal in the new condition. This paper uses SWOT analysis to discover the characteristics of the company, especially compared to its competitors. Then the author uses the data from the balance sheets and income statements of L'Oréal, Estee Lauder, and Shiseido, compares some key ratios, and finds out the strengths and weaknesses of L'Oréal. The author finds out that investment value is its strength. This paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of the L'Oréal company and analyzes the development strategy of the company. Other companies can learn from their experience and better adjust to the new condition in the cosmetics industry.

Microlevers™ — small moves for big workplace culture change

Higher education professionals can use small actions to create greater, better, more joyous, more engaged workplace cultures.

MERDEKA BELAJAR DALAM PEMBELAJARAN AGAMA HINDU PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN PROGRESIVISME

Freedom to learn is a new education policy in Indonesia that requires a big change for the better than the previous education. Freedom to learn is present as an instrument that was born from the merger of educational theory and previous policies. Freedom to learn and the educational philosophy of progressivism have the same goal, namely to provide a wide space for students, teachers, and also educational institutions to design a series of learning that is liberating, democratic, independent, and also free to innovate. This study uses a qualitative method with a philosophical hermeneutic approach and uses Miles and Huberman's data analysis patterns. The results of this study are the educational philosophy of progressivism emphasizes that students must develop naturally, experience is the key word in motivating children's learning, teachers act as facilitators in learning, and the curriculum must be designed student-centred. The concept of independent learning in principle provides a wide space for exploring the greatest potential for teachers and students to innovate and improve the quality of learning independently. Then the application of freedom to learn in Hindu religious learning is to provide space for students, teachers, and schools to always are free in thinking, free to innovate, and independent in creativity so that the concept of education that relies on "sa vidya ya vimuktaye" or learning is what liberating humanity can be achieved.

Expressions of the use of slang among millennial youth on social media and its impact of the extension of Indonesia in society

The research was conducted because of the widespread use of slang among the Indonesian population, especially millennial youth. This study also aims to examine millennial youth slang based on its form, source and pattern of formation, purpose and context of use. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative, namely examining language data in the form of the use of slang by millennial youth and interpreting it. Sources of research data are interview results and social media, namely Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, which contain teenage slang. Data collection techniques were documented, observed and recorded, as well as interviews with fifteen young people who used slang in communicating. The data analysis technique in this study is content analysis. The results of the study show that the use of slang by millennial youth originates from regional languages, Indonesian, foreign languages, as well as a combination of Indonesian and foreign languages. The pattern of forming slang from abbreviations, shortening of words, acronyms, reversal of words, spoofed words and shifts in meaning. The expression of the use of slang among millennial youth on social media and its impact on the extension of Indonesian in society makes a big change in the world of language, this is because teenagers are contaminated by foreign languages so this has an impact on the extension of society. Regarding this problem so that ordinary people feel accustomed to and contaminated with the slang that is widely used by millennial youth at this time, this will affect the resilience of the Indonesian national language which is the identity of the country, so that the impact begins to fade the use of good Indonesian and true because it has been contaminated with the influence of foreign languages.

Signifikansi Kompetensi Guru Pak Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pembelajaran Peserta Didik

the teacher is an educator whose role is to educate, train and evaluate students so that they have the knowledge, ability, noble caracter and think smart. With the existense of educators, theyare able to create aa qualifiednext generation to lead the nation. An conten educator has competence in teaching and increasing the learning interest of his students. A teacher is also one of determinants of success in the world of education stands on love, service, and formation man is in convormity with and in the image of God. The establishment of a christian school is the implementation of the great commission of christ. The specific goal is for everyone to experience an encounter with christ and experience renewal for everyone’s life continously. The method used bythe author in this study is a qualitative method, (library research). Where the author collect library books as the main source, journals,articles, and also websites related to the title. The goal to be achieved in this writing is to open our horizons, especially teachers or those who want to become teachers, so that they have professional values in carrying out and carrying out their vocation when educating and teaching students. The results obtained from this study are that teacher professionalism can help students realize their goals, and there is the potential for teachers to be the spearheads who bring big changes to nation and state.

Boost smoke-free environments: how small incentives for local policy can trigger big changes

Boost smoke-free environments: how small incentives for local policy can trigger big changes

Teaching Federalism: Multidimensional Approaches, by John Kincaid and J. Wesley Leckrone

At a time of big geopolitical changes to the world order, it is imperative that federalism is studied and taught in a way that prepares students for an unknown future. This means that one needs to move beyond the safety of exclusive specialisms, disciplinary blinkers, methodological narrowness, and definitional strictness. Teaching Federalism: Multidimensional Approaches takes us past the comfort zone of traditional teaching on federalism in the West by laying out its analyses in a truly global and inclusive manner. The textbook contains twenty chapters covering almost every substantive facet of federalism, ranging from fiscal federalism to intergovernmental relations, from social policymaking to political culture. Most contributions are written by political scientists—some with a pronounced philosophical bent, but a few chapters are penned by law scholars, and one was written by an economist. John Kincaid and J. Wesley Leckrone’s volume is not only multidimensional in terms of the disciplinary affiliation of its contributors but most chapters are also relevant to federations beyond the West. As an indication of this global inclusiveness, Teaching Federalism also contains in-depth case studies of India and Nigeria, in addition to other cases. All chapters are written with undergraduate and graduate teaching in mind, and thus have discussions points, essay questions, and teaching simulations. What is more, the publisher and the editors have graciously made the entire textbook Open Access—an immense gift to teachers and students in places where hardcopies of books are unavailable and institutional and personal subscription to online sources are prohibitively expensive.

Modification of bentonite nanoclay for textile application

The influence of the bentonite content (1, 3, 5 wt%) on the mechanical properties of lightweightcotton (C), polyester (P) and polyester-cotton (P/C 50/50) fabrics was investigated. Starch was used asa water-insoluble binder for coating fabrics. Bentonite nanoparticles were obtained by repeated hydration,decantation and evaporation of the water dispersion. The bentonite particle size was determinedby the XRD method using the Debye-Scherrer equation. The diffraction of the laser beam was used todetermine particles size distribution. The addition of bentonite nanoclay significantly improved tensilestrength (26-61% and 99–118% in the warp and weft direction, respectively) and tear strength (4‒13%and 5–24% in the wrap and weft direction, respectively) of coated fabrics. Their abrasion resistancehas also slightly increased. The biggest changes were noted for the cotton fabric, the smallest for thepolyester fabric, which may result from the low compatibility between starch and the polyester fabric.

STUDY OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES OF THE BALL PROCESSING METHOD IN THE MAGNETIC FIELD OF BLADES WITH OPERATIONAL DAMAGE

Purpose. To conduct a study of the technological possibilities of the method of treatment with balls in the magnetic field of the pen of vanes that have operational damage. Research methods. A mechanical method for the study of residual stresses, developed by аcad. Davydenkov, an experimental method for determining the endurance of blades, stepwise regression methods for building regression models. Results. The study of the geometry of the blade feathers shows that the biggest change in the geometry of the blades occurs in the peripheral zone (intersections A7-A7 and A8-A8). The measurement results show that the microhardness of the surface on the side of the trough is significantly lower than on the backs, and the highest values of roughness are recorded in the peripheral zone of the trough on the side of the entrance edge, which corresponds to the place of maximum operational damage. The parameters of the surface layer were studied and the scheme and optimal mode of processing blades with steel balls in a magnetic field was determined, which leads to a 39% increase in the endurance limit compared to blades that have experience in operation. Regression models of self-oscillation frequencies and blade run-in were built for two engines operated under the same conditions, but with different run-in. Special attention should be paid to measures that can minimize erosive wear of blade edges and increase the service life of engines. Scientific novelty. A new method of processing the blade feathers with balls in a magnetic field is proposed, which allows differential processing of the blade feathers: only the edge or the entire feather. Also, the method allows you to process blade feathers with operational damage, which leads to increased durability of blades. Practical value. The conducted studies allow us to recommend the use of the method of processing blade feathers with steel balls in a magnetic field as a technological operation for the restoration of compressor blades that have operational damage in the form of potholes on the inlet edges.

Geographies of COVID‐19

Geographies of COVID‐19

MANFAAT PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM BAGI ORANG MUDA KATOLIK NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR DI YOGYAKARTA

The development of communication technology makes such a big change in the order of human life. Its development has succeeded in making everyone attached to media activities in their daily lives. The purpose of this study is to find out about the motivation and benefits of using instagram social media among young people today as millennial generation in their daily lives. The young people in question are no exception to the Nusa Tenggara Timur Catholic Youth. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with interviews with informants who are the subjects of this study. The results of the study show that Instagram social media makes a very significant contribution to social media users or activists, especially Nusa Tenggara Timur Catholic Youth. As social media activists, the Catholic Youth found many positive benefits such as; looking for information, expanding relationships, entertainment media, media reporting, learning media as well as promotional media and digital marketing

Li2S-Based Composite Cathode with in Situ-Generated Li3PS4 Electrolyte on Li2S for Advanced All-Solid-State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) are considered to be a promising solution for the next generation of energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density and improved safety. However, the practical application of ASSLSBs is hindered by several critical challenges, including the poor electrode/electrolyte interface, sluggish electrochemical kinetics of solid-solid conversion between S and Li2S in the cathode, and big volume changes during cycling. Herein, the 85(92Li2S-8P2S5)-15AB composite cathode featuring an integrated structure of a Li2S active material and Li3PS4 solid electrolyte is developed by in situ generating a Li3PS4 glassy electrolyte on Li2S active materials, resulting from a reaction between Li2S and P2S5. The well-established composite cathode structure with an enhanced electrode/electrolyte interfacial contact and highly efficient ion/electron transport networks enables a significant enhancement of redox kinetics and an areal Li2S loading for ASSLSBs. The 85(92Li2S-8P2S5)-15AB composite demonstrates superior electrochemical performance, exhibiting 98% high utilization of Li2S (1141.7 mAh g(Li2S)-1) with both a high Li2S active material content of 44 wt % and corresponding areal loading of 6 mg cm-2. Moreover, the excellent electrochemical activity can be maintained even at an ultrahigh areal Li2S loading of 12 mg cm-2 with a high reversible capacity of 880.3 mAh g-1, corresponding to an areal capacity of 10.6 mAh cm-2. This study provides a simple and facile strategy to a rational design for the composite cathode structure achieving fast Li-S reaction kinetics for high-performance ASSLSBs.

High telepresence control for the relay communication based space teleoperation

This paper studies the high telepresence control for the relay communication based space teleoperation. High telepresence requires real-time, accurate force perception and good position tracking, but all of them are destroyed or affected by time delay. To eliminate the influence of time delay, direct recursive generalized predictive control (DR-GPC) is quoted into this paper to realize position tracking. As for the other two properties, the pseudo position-force (Pseudo-PF) feedback strategy (composed of parameter identification and force reconstruction) is a good way as it can provide real-time and precise force feedback when environment change slowly and time delay is relatively small. However, complex and changeable environment and serious and complex time delay in space teleoperation make the environment force parameter available to force reconstruction is outdated and cannot realize accurate force rebuilding. To solve this problem, we propose a dual regression Pseudo-PF feedback strategy. Compared with the traditional one, its biggest change is the introduction of dual regression that consists of time delay prediction and parameter regression. The former predicts time delay and provides it to the latter to determine the forward prediction steps, while the latter regresses the actual latest and precise environment force parameter according to the forward prediction steps. With the cooperation of time delay prediction and parameter regression, the influence of fast changing environment or serious and complex time delay on force reconstruction can be effectively overcome, so as to realize real-time and accurate force feedback. Finally, DR-GPC and dual regression Pseudo-PF feedback strategies cooperate to achieve high telepresence control, and simulation is given to show its effectiveness.

Improved Accuracy In Data Mining Decision Tree Classification Using Adaptive Boosting (Adaboost)

The Decision Tree algorithm is a data mining method algorithm that is often applied as a solution to a problem for a classification. The Decision Tree C5.0 algorithm has several weaknesses, including: the C5.0 algorithm and several other decision tree methods are often biased towards modeling whose features have many levels, some problems for the model can occur such as over-fit or under-fit challenges, big changes to decision logic can result in small changes to data training, C5.0 can experience modeling inconvenience, data imbalance causes low accuracy in C5.0 algorithm. The boosting algorithm is an iterative algorithm that gives different weights to the distribution of training data in each iteration. Each iteration of boosting adds weight to examples of misclassification and decreases weight to examples of correct classification, thereby effectively changing the distribution of the training data. One example of a boosting algorithm is adaboost. The purpose of this research is to improve the performance of the Decision Tree C5.0 classification method using adaptive boosting (adaboost) to predict hepatitis disease using the Confusion matrix. Tests that have been carried out with the Confusion Matrix use the Hepatitis dataset in the Decision Tree C5.0 classification which has an accuracy rate of 80.58% with a classification error rate of 19.15%. Whereas in the Decision Tree C5.0 classification Adaboost has a higher accuracy rate of 82.98%, a classification error rate of 17.02%. This difference is caused by the adaboost algorithm, because the adaboost algorithm is able to change a weak classifier into a strong classifier by increasing the weight of the observations, and adaboost is also able to reduce the classifier error rate.

Representing the Warsaw Ghetto in Polish Literature

Abstract This article discusses depictions of the Warsaw ghetto in Polish poetry, prose fiction, and drama. Of all the ghettos established by the German authorities in the former Second Republic of Poland, the Warsaw ghetto is portrayed most frequently by writers. Here, representations of the Warsaw ghetto are presented in chronological order. The article covers portrayals of the Warsaw ghetto during the war, in the immediate postwar years, in the period between the 1950s and 1980s, and after the fall of communism in 1989. The article also discusses selected literary topoi related to the Warsaw ghetto. The biggest changes in the literary portrayal of the ghetto took place after 1989 and were related to the abolition of censorship, the influence of popular culture, and the emergence of writers born after the war, including representatives of the “third generation.”