Big Risk Research Articles

Research on Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Risk Control of State-Owned Enterprises under the Background of Big Data

This study explores the risk control and response strategies of state-owned enterprises in the context of big data. Global economic uncertainty poses new challenges to state-owned enterprises, necessitating innovative risk management approaches. This article proposes response strategies from four key aspects: establishing a proactive risk management culture, building a foundation in technology and data, conducting big data-driven risk analysis, and implementing predictive analysis and real-time monitoring. State-owned enterprises can foster a proactive risk management culture by cultivating employee risk awareness, demonstrating leadership, and establishing transparency and open communication. Additionally, data integration and analysis, leveraging the latest technology, are crucial factors that can help companies better identify risks and opportunities.

Health communication strategy based on the factors that influence the prevention of chinkungunya, dengue and Zika in Latin America

Diseases chinkungunya, breakbone fever and zika cause big risks of infection in Latin America, due to low rate of existent communication regarding the forms to prevent these diseases. The objective of investigation is to propose a strategy of communication as from determining the factors that influence the chinkungunya's prevention, breakbone fever and zika in Latin America. The analysis of the conceptual diffuse map and the resulting womb highlight the sanitary communication like a central pillar that shows increased the power of by the effective implementation of them TIC and the well-designed formulation of strategies of communication. A significant link between these strategies and the governmental support are identified, that it is indispensable for the success of the programs of public health. The results of the conceptual map suggest than a sanitary robust communication and strategically designed improvement the regional step of health and key is for reducing the risk of sprouts of breakbone fever, chikungunya and zika. The importance of a communicative and interdisciplinary focus that incorporate multiple actors is stressed, once the governments were included, health-care professionals and the community in general, for the better the prevention of these diseases zoonóticas. The womb reaffirms the need of a design innovative comunicacional that you consider factors socioculturales and educational to guarantee that the information did not sole spread him out but also understand him and apply him. The findings derived of investigation back up the implementation of a telling strategy integrated and adapted that may respond to dynamically the evolution of the diseases and to the changes in perceptions and the population's behaviors

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY (K3) RISK ANALYSIS USING HIRADC AND JSA METHODS IN BRIDGE REPLACEMENT PROJECTS

Construction work is one of the jobs that has a big risk, including the construction of bridges. The purpose of the research is to determine the type and level of risk in construction activities of the Bridge. Replacement Project, risk control and application of control methods in the field. Based on the research results, there are various types of risks identified and evaluated using the HIRADC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control) approach and the JSA (Job Safety Analysis) method. These risks are then assessed based on their level of likelihood and impact, and the level of risk is determined. From the results of the risk identification carried out on the 10 main works in the Bridge Replacement Project, there are several jobs with medium risk and high risk. The application of risk control in the field is considered good for each job, with the use of individual fall arrest devices and work protective equipment (APK) in accordance with applicable legal requirements. However, to further improve efforts to prevent work accidents, there are recommendations to pay attention to several things, namely Checking the strength of the anchors. Prior to use, non-permanent anchors should be carefully inspected to ensure strength. In addition, it is important to continuously monitor and evaluate the implementation of risk control in the field and ensure good awareness and understanding of risk control measures among workers. This effort will help reduce risks that may arise during project implementation. Keywords: Risk; Occupational Safety and Health (K3); HIRADC; JSA; Bridge

The risk of emerging infections in pets

Emerging infections in pets are a worry for many public health professionals, with Brucella canis infection, the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis and heartworm Dirofilaria immitis all in the spotlight. The importation of animals is a big risk factor for these conditions, as is the travel of pets abroad with their owners.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT ON BSI HASANAH CARD PRODUCTS

In accordance with sharia law and principles, Bank Syariah Indonesia issues cards called hasanah cards whose functions are similar to credit cards. The financing card product issued by PT Bank Syariah Indonesia has risks in its management. This research aims to determine the mechanism for issuing hasanah card products and to determine the application of risk management in reducing the risk of default or credit risk on hasanah cards at PT Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Medan Ahmad Yani. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. The data collection techniques that the author uses in this research are interviews and documentation observation. And the data used is primary data from interviews with Hasanah Card at BSI KC Medan Ahmad Yani and secondary data comes from books, journals, brochures and others. The results of this research state that the hasanah card issuance mechanism applies 3 contracts, namely kafalah, qardh and ijarah. The biggest risks are the risk of bad credit and irregularities in payments. However, in overcoming this risk, PT Bank Syariah KC Medan Ahmad Yani implements risk management, namely if there is a delay in payment for the Hasanah Card, a ta'widh fee will be charged, namely by setting a maximum benchmark fee based on the approved card limit, which is called a monthly fee. The nominal monthly fee is 1.75%. Islam prohibits taking profits in buying and selling transactions or lending and borrowing, the application of this hasanah card is in accordance with the National Sharia Fatwa (DSN) No.54/DSN-MUI/X/2006.) Implementation of risk management to reduce the risk of default on hasanah cards in Bank Syariah Indonesia is carried out using a process of risk identification, risk measurement, risk monitoring and risk control which is guided by the 5C principles of Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral and Condition.

Using pedestrian modelling to inform virus transmission mitigation policies: A novel activity scheduling model to enable virus transmission risk assessment in a restaurant environment

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a large impact on the world. The virus spreads especially easily among people in indoor spaces such as restaurants. Hence, tools that can assess how different restaurant settings can impact the potential spread of an airborne virus and that can assess the effectiveness of mitigation policies are of high value. Microscopic pedestrian models provide the tools necessary to assess the detailed movements of people in a restaurant and with that the risk of virus transmission. This paper presents the application of a microscopic pedestrian model, including a novel activity choice and scheduling model, to assess virus transmission risks in restaurants. Simulation experiments identify that different factors impact virus transmission risks in a restaurant. Contacts between restaurant staff and customers are the driving factor for virus transmission in a restaurant whereby especially staff presents a big risk. Hence, mitigation policies focussing on these interactions and on preventing staff from transmitting the virus can be highly effective. The results also show that different restaurant layouts and setups lead to distinctly different transmission risks. Therefore, insights obtained from simulating one restaurant cannot be just transferred to any other restaurant. Together, these results show the added value of including pedestrian models in disease transmission risk modelling exercises to mitigate the impact of a pandemic caused by an airborne virus. However, the research also shows that, to better utilize the potential of pedestrian models for disease transmission risk modelling, future research of pedestrian activity scheduling behaviour in indoor spaces is necessary.

Big Data, Behavioral Genetics and Risk of Future Offending

A convergence of trends in assessing the future risk of reoffending could result in morally questionable inputs into the criminal process. Advances in the analysis of DNA and increases in the availability of information about people gleaned from social media might allow for new inferences to be drawn against offenders during the sentencing process. We explore how developments in forensic DNA analysis methods and law enforcement DNA databases in conjunction with information about an offender’s developmental environment could lead the prosecution to postulate a high risk of recidivism and thus argue for a longer sentence. We then consider some reasons why such a prosecution strategy might be troubling. In doing so, we focus on issues related to the inferential process, discrimination, privacy and constitutive luck.

Based on the Big Data Audit Risk Model Audit Process Research

With the gradual application of big data technology in enterprises, the way and connotation of audit have changed greatly. This paper is based on the impact of big data technology on auditing, Break down the audit risk into four risk elements, including inherent risk, control risk, big data technology risk and inspection risk, Building an audit risk model adapted to the big data environment, Summarize the new connotation of the four risk elements in the new model; Then, analyze and explore the impact of big data audit risk model on the audit implementation process from four stages: audit objective, audit risk identification and evaluation, audit plan and audit risk response, Combined with the audit practice, the big data audit process is sorted out again, Provide thinking guidance and solutions for big data audit.

Mental Health Staff's Perspectives on Tapering of Antipsychotic Medication: A Focus Group Study.

Contemporary practices of long-term antipsychotic maintenance treatment for schizophrenia are being challenged, and clinicians must consider the possibilities of reducing long-term maintenance use. However, research indicates that people with schizophrenia receive little support from mental health staff to reduce antipsychotic medication. This article reports a study which aimed to investigate interdisciplinary mental health staff's accounts of tapering of antipsychotic medication and to explore different positions that mental health staff assign to themselves and others. Six focus groups were conducted with 39 mental health staff from outpatient clinics, inpatient units, forensic mental health units, and community mental health services. The data analysis combined analyses of the interactions during focus groups and the thematic content. Results were considered from a discourse analytic perspective considering the function and consequence of accounts applied by the mental health staff. The mental health staff accounted for their perspectives on tapering from the following three distinctive positions: 1) No, patients will eventually realize that they need the medication, 2) Yes, but tapering means running a big risk of relapse in symptoms, and 3) Yes, we need to welcome risks to support personal recovery. Our findings indicated that there was reluctance among interdisciplinary mental health staff to let service users make decisions and limited possibilities for people with schizophrenia to have their request for tapering of their antipsychotic medication met by mental health staff.

Research on risk contagion mechanism of big fintech based on the SIRS model.

In recent years, while the relationship between the new financial institutions, represented by financial technology companies, and the traditional financial institutions(banks, securities, insurance, etc.) has been steadily enhanced, a New Relational Network has silently emerged. Along with the rapid expansion of big fintech companies, the possibility of financial risk breeding and spreading in the New Relational Network is also rising. This article analyzes and simulates the risk contagion mechanism of big fintech risks based on the SIRS epidemic model. The study's findings imply that: when the number of big fintech companies infected with risk exceeds the risk threshold, the big fintech risk will spread in the New Relational Network. At this time, the number of big fintech companies infected with risk can be reduced below the threshold by enhancing the risk warning, risk management, risk buffering and blocking capabilities, and timely improving risk prevention and control measures in the post-infection phase. It means that the big fintech risk is controlled. For big fintech risks, proactive interventions are more effective than post-incident response measures. This paper makes the following recommendations for preventing big fintech risks: creating a risk monitoring and early warning system to raise the Big Fintech companies' direct immunization rates; strengthening the big fintech companies' risk management and risk mitigation capabilities; enhancing the internal and external supervision to achieve sustainable development of big fintech companies.

Urgensi Konsep Pembaruan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Whistleblower Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia

The existence of a whistleblower really benefits law enforcers in uncovering criminal acts of corruption. The role of a whistleblower in uncovering criminal acts of corruption carries a very big risk considering that many parties feel disadvantaged because of the testimony of a whistleblower. Protection for whistleblowers must be provided with clear and adequate statutory provisions considering that the role of a whistleblower is very important and carries rather high risks. The problem in this research is the urgency of legal protection for whistleblowers for criminal acts of corruption amidst the lack of existing laws and regulations in Indonesia and the concept of legal protection for whistleblowers in efforts to eradicate criminal acts of corruption in Indonesia in the future. The method used in this research uses a normative juridical research type which places law as building norms with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a comparative approach. This research discusses, firstly, the important role of a whistleblower that needs to be given comprehensive protection, not only limited to legal protection and special protection that applies during the criminal justice process, but also needs to be implemented after the criminal justice process has been completed. Second, to provide optimal protection for whistleblowers, a legal reform concept is needed, such as in the United States, it is necessary to create laws and regulations regarding institutions that specifically regulate and handle whistleblowers in a comprehensive manner adapted to the Indonesian criminal justice system and special unit to take care of whistleblowers is formed.

A novel online monitoring system of frequency oscillations based intelligence phasor measurement units

In this paper, frequency oscillation has been present as it is an important issue in power systems, especially when it is joined to the new trend to use alternative energies as an energy source, as well as to be a big risk for the inter-connection of the modern electric power networks. Wind farm acts as alternative energy and connected to two buses on the Iraqi power system. Because the low-frequency oscillation monitoring needs be accurate and fast, the main objective is to propose a novel online monitoring system consisting of phasor measurement unit's (PMU) with artificial intelligence neural network (PMU-NN). The location of the phasor measurement units has been optimized using (graph-theoretic procedure algorithm) and the function for the artificial intelligence (NN) is radial basis function (RBFNN). The data information from phasor measurement units is the inputs to the artificial intelligence system then predictions are made Information on low-frequency oscillation (target). The MATLAB toolboxes (PSAT & NN) used to obtain results. Finally, from the results, the validity of the proposed (PMU-NN) system has been proven and tested on the Iraqi power grid (24 bus) in several cases and several places on the network and the comparison was made with the analysis model.

Risk Taking Attitude: Relations with Executive Functions and Sensation Seeking among a Section of Egyptian Adolescents

Objectives: Adolescence is an uncertain period of one's life. Even with perfect health, there is still a 2–3 times higher danger of injury or sudden demise during adolescence than in childhood. The major factors behind this increased disease and death are more risky behaviors of adolescents, i.e., driving, smoking, drinking, unprotected sexual encounters and drug consumption. Generally, adolescents have been seen to take big risks than others. One likely reason for people's differences lies in their mental capabilities, such as self-monitoring, judgment, planning and impulse control. Evidence has shown that teenagers, owing to less efficiency and integration of the brain system in the prefrontal cortex mainly, may lead to such risky behaviors. This study is also about evaluating the association of sensation performance and seeking as well as risky behavior on tests of the brain (executive) function. 
 Methods: A total of 250 adolescents (103 males, 147 females) 13 to 17 years of age (mean age 15.36 years, SD1.06 years) were recruited from secondary schools in two Egyptian cities: Tanta and Aswan. A validated Arabic version of the executive functions (BRIEF) and an Arabic-translated and validated version of Arnett's Sensation Seeking Inventory (AISS, Arnett, 1994) were applied to evaluate the sample. Risk-taking attitude was measured using Risk Orientation Questionnaire (Rohrmann, 1997) 
 Results: Both sensation seeking and executive functions are significantly associated with risk-taking attitudes. Intensity, MCI, BRI, and novelty are all significantly predicted risk-taking attitudes in this order. Finally, a comparison between males and females adolescents revealed a significant difference in favor of males in sensation seeking and risk-taking attitudes, whereas executive functions showed statistically significant differences favouring females.
 Conclusions: Our results point to the crucial part that executive control plays in adolescents' risk-taking behaviour.

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts and Challenges in Healthcare

Artificial Intelligence (AI) describes computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and language translation. Examples of AI techniques are machine learning, neural networks, and deep learning. AI can be applied in many different areas, such as econometrics, biometry, e-commerce, and the automotive industry. In recent years, AI has found its way into healthcare as well, helping doctors make better decisions (“clinical decision support”), localizing tumors in magnetic resonance images, reading and analyzing reports written by radiologists and pathologists, and much more. However, AI has one big risk: it can be perceived as a “black box”, limiting trust in its reliability, which is a very big issue in an area in which a decision can mean life or death. As a result, the term Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has been gaining momentum. XAI tries to ensure that AI algorithms (and the resulting decisions) can be understood by humans. In this narrative review, we will have a look at some central concepts in XAI, describe several challenges around XAI in healthcare, and discuss whether it can really help healthcare to advance, for example, by increasing understanding and trust. Finally, alternatives to increase trust in AI are discussed, as well as future research possibilities in the area of XAI.

Pemanfaatan Software Bone dalam Pembuatan Sistem Kasir pada Percetakan Kingprinting

Purpose: In this era of technology has a very important role in the progress of society, we are forced to adapt to an era that has fast-paced information, this is because the development of information technology can provide fast and accurate information and can even affect several businesses, one of which is the printing industry business even in the printing industry alone. Methodology: The financial information department has a very important role, on the other side of the job manuals that have a relationship with numbers sometimes have a big risk of miscalculation from employees (Human Error) by utilizing bone software for cashier systems which are expected to help printing companies to manage financial transactions and goods transactions related to printing. Results: This research has succeeded in utilizing the Bone software in the transaction of goods and buying and selling. The conclusion of this study is the use of bone software in manufacturing the cashier system was successfully built according to the agreed changes, proven by the test results as being as expected.

Employment policy for a just transition – the example of Germany

The green transformation and Industry 4.0 are associated with considerable risks for workers in countries with dual labour markets such as Germany. The biggest risks are wage losses due to the involuntary transition into the precarious secondary labour market and insufficient education and training for the new ‘green’ jobs. Institutional reforms are necessary for a ‘just transition’. The ongoing reforms in Germany in education and training and wage setting show that the transition is a critical juncture in which new stakeholder constellations have the opportunity for non-path-dependent changes from a dual to an inclusive employment system with better work. The approaches adopted in recent German reforms are of overarching interest. Featuring the strongest manufacturing base in Europe, Germany is under particularly high pressure to fully embrace the green transformation and digitalisation. The country has learned from other countries and, conversely, can perhaps also help trigger a just transition in other countries.

ESG risks to global platinum supply: A case study of Mogalakwena Mine, South Africa

Global demand for metals is expected to continue to grow significantly to 2050, partly driven by the need for climate change mitigation measures that require energy transition metals including platinum group metals (PGMs). The environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks of mining these metals are seldom acknowledged in energy transition scenarios and pose a risk to future metal supply. Multiple ESG drivers at different scales create direct and indirect pressures and risks to a specific mine site and their interactions across scales create complex system dynamics. Although mining companies identify ESG factors as their biggest risks (and opportunities), interdisciplinary mining research is in its infancy and ESG factors are often oversimplified or overlooked. While global studies are important for providing an overview of the industry, and highlighting trends and patterns, they cannot communicate the complexity found at the local scale. This paper describes ESG risks, opportunities, and impacts across nine dimensions (water, energy, biodiversity, waste, air quality, community, social vulnerability, land use, and governance) for Anglo American Platinum’s Mogalakwena PGM mine in South Africa. It provides insight into a developing country African context and an in-depth view of the complex ESG risks around PGM mining in South Africa. Given South Africa hosts 91% of global PGM resources, understanding and addressing these ESG risks is critical for ensuring long-term PGM supply and enabling a just energy transition.

Sociological Analysis of Islamic Law Regarding Law Number 22 of 2009 Related to the Sale and Purchase of Vehicles Without Complete Documents

This article discusses the sociological analysis of Islamic law on buying and selling vehicles without the complete documents according to Article 68 paragraph 1 of law number 22 of 2009. In this discussion, the authors conducted research because many people buy vehicles without the complete STNK document, which is proof of registration and validation of a vehicle. motorized vehicles based on identity whose ownership has been registered. STNK is issued by SAMSAT, which is a place for issuing or validating services by 3 agencies: the National Police, the Provincial Revenue Service and PT. Raja Service. STNK is the starting point for legal ownership of a motorized vehicle. Therefore, according to the provisions above, what must be met in a used motorcycle transaction should be the same as the first party when buying the motorcycle in a new condition. The documents that must exist and are clear and can be handed over when vehicle transactions are STNK, BPKB and receipts. especially in rural areas where the majority of the population has jobs as oil palm farmers, for oil palm farmers vehicles or motorbikes play an important role in supporting work, especially in transporting crops, this is because the location of community plantations is mostly hilly, this makes people in plantation areas prefer to buy a vehicle without complete documents because it is only used to go to the garden and also the price is relatively cheaper than having to buy a vehicle that has complete documents. Judging from the problems above, there is a big risk lurking in the community because of buying a motorbike without complete documents. Even though not all motorcycles without complete documents are the result of a crime, however, as a buyer, you cannot be sure whether the motorcycle is the legal property of the seller, what if the motorbike is not the legal property of the seller, then what about the buying and selling process? interpreted by the transfer of property rights from the seller to the buyer, whereas in this case the seller cannot be ascertained as the legal owner of the goods being traded, but if we look at it from a fiqh point of view, of course, buying and selling like this is prohibited because one of the legal conditions for buying and selling is that the goods must belong to itself and also by law buying and selling like this is also prohibited because vehicles without the complete documents are considered fraudulent vehicles which of course can lead to criminal sanctions.

Entrepreneurial borrowing overdue prediction based on stacking model transfer learning

PurposeBy introducing Stacking algorithm to solve the underfitting problem caused by insufficient data in traditional machine learning, this paper provides a new solution to the cold start problem of entrepreneurial borrowing risk control.Design/methodology/approachThe authors introduce semi-supervised learning and integrated learning into the field of migration learning, and innovatively propose the Stacking model migration learning, which can independently train models on entrepreneurial borrowing credit data, and then use the migration strategy itself as the learning object, and use the Stacking algorithm to combine the prediction results of the source domain model and the target domain model.FindingsThe effectiveness of the two migration learning models is evaluated with real data from an entrepreneurial borrowing. The algorithmic performance of the Stacking-based model migration learning is further improved compared to the benchmark model without migration learning techniques, with the model area under curve value rising to 0.8. Comparing the two migration learning models reveals that the model-based migration learning approach performs better. The reason for this is that the sample-based migration learning approach only eliminates the noisy samples that are relatively less similar to the entrepreneurial borrowing data. However, the calculation of similarity and the weighing of similarity are subjective, and there is no unified judgment standard and operation method, so there is no guarantee that the retained traditional credit samples have the same sample distribution and feature structure as the entrepreneurial borrowing data.Practical implicationsFrom a practical standpoint, on the one hand, it provides a new solution to the cold start problem of entrepreneurial borrowing risk control. The small number of labeled high-quality samples cannot support the learning and deployment of big data risk control models, which is the cold start problem of the entrepreneurial borrowing risk control system. By extending the training sample set with auxiliary domain data through suitable migration learning methods, the prediction performance of the model can be improved to a certain extent and more generalized laws can be learned.Originality/valueThis paper introduces the thought method of migration learning to the entrepreneurial borrowing scenario, provides a new solution to the cold start problem of the entrepreneurial borrowing risk control system and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the migration learning method applied in the risk control field through empirical data.

Analysis of market entry, restructuring and economic risks at energy companies – literature review

The entry of companies dealing with renewable energy sources into the market will be analyzed firstly, in addition to the companies dealing with fossil-based energy production, which are still strongly present. Here the game-theoretic stylization of the competition between two types of companies is in scope, while the incumbents determine the energy prices, and those entering the market can respond with quantitative adjustments. After that, the cyber security issues of the market-leading energy companies are under revision. Nowadays, due to the widespread use of computer control systems, a possible cyber-attack is a big risk for a power plant, as it can result in a complete system shutdown or, in the worst case, even irreparable damage. In light of these, risk networks are analyzed in three layers, reflecting normal and extreme market conditions. Ultimately, we will analyze the strategic steps of companies' restructuring and withdrawal. In the current economic situation, many dominant companies have a diversified portfolio, which on one hand promises beneficial profit opportunities and financial stability due to the parallel presence of diverse investment and production directions, but also makes it necessary to abandon the given route and to reallocate resources to another sector if necessary. Based on these points, by the end of the analysis, we will have a clearer picture of the struggle for market dominance of large energy companies and the steps necessary for success.