Big Risk Research Articles

Eliminating malaria should not be the end of vigilance.

Three years after Sri Lanka was declared free of the deadly disease, complacency is a big risk, warns Kamini Mendis. Three years after Sri Lanka was declared free of the deadly disease, complacency is a big risk, warns Kamini Mendis.

Detection of Murine Astrovirus and Myocoptes musculinus in individually ventilated caging systems: Investigations to expose suitable detection methods for routine hygienic monitoring.

Murine Astrovirus is one of the most prevalent viral agents in laboratory rodent facilities worldwide, but its influence on biomedical research results is poorly examined. Due to possible influence on research results and high seroprevalence rates in mice, it appears useful to include this virus into routine health monitoring programs. In order to establish exhaust air particle PCR as a reliable detection method for Murine Astrovirus infections in mice kept in individually ventilated cages (IVC) and compare the method to sentinel mice monitoring regarding reproducibility and detection limit, we conducted a study with defined Murine Astrovirus cage prevalence. In parallel, the efficacy of both detection strategies (soiled-bedding sentinel (SBS) and exhaust air dust (EAD) analysis) was tested for Myocoptes musculinus. The fur mite was used as a reference organism during the whole study period to ensure the validity of this method. Because some publications already demonstrated successful detection of several pathogens, including murine fur mite species, via EAP-PCR. Detection of Murine Astrovirus infections at low prevalence is possible with both methods tested. Detection by exhaust air particles (EAP) is faster, more sensitive and more reliable compared to soiled bedding sentinels (SBS). Exhaust air particle PCR also detected the reference organism Myocoptes musculinus, which was not detected at all by sentinel mice, not even by high sensitivity fur swab qPCR. In conclusion, Murine Astrovirus can be detected by both exhaust air particle PCR and soiled bedding sentinels. We recommend exhaust air particle PCR as the better detection technique for Murine Astrovirus, because it is more reliable. Environmental samples are the method of choice for detection of Myocoptes musculinus because relying on soiled bedding sentinels harbors a big risk of missing existing infestations.

Auditors in the financial meltdown: an examination

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the financial crises and the role of auditors in those crises. The paper is concerned with the banking system, as the last financial crisis in 2008 was provoked by the mortgage business and the big banks and risks management. Design/methodology/approach The paper choses to use data from corporations, practices and professional websites. The authors use interviews that were available and related to the subject matter. Academic works are also used to discuss the literature review and various issues. Findings The paper explores the auditors’ responsibilities and finds that there is a growing concern for auditing. This research is complex, as it discovers that corporate executives in the banking business should be more responsible; this is confirmed by the high risks in the financial area that still persists. Research limitations/implications This is a very complex topic; however, the authors designed it so that it can be read and used by non-accountants, that is to say, CEOs and governmental agencies that are in charge of the regulatory system. Further research studies are needed to ensure ongoing discussions about the financial crisis. The Word is not free from such bad economic events. Practical implications The contribution is important; this research can be used by organizations, governments and academics. Social implications The paper includes implications for the banking and auditing industries. It extends to the public interest. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature for academic and can be used for teaching purposes. Students can understand the paper, as the authors did not use a regression model.

Bias Current of Semiconductor Laser: An Unsafe Key for Secure Chaos Communication

In this study, we have proposed and numerically demonstrated that the bias current of a semiconductor laser cannot be used as a key for optical chaos communication, using external-cavity lasers. This is because the chaotic carrier has a signature of relaxation oscillation, whose period can be extracted by the first side peak of the carrier’s autocorrelation function. Then, the bias current can be approximately cracked, according to the well-known relationship between the bias current and relaxation period of a solitary laser. Our simulated results have shown that the cracked current eavesdropper could successfully crack an encrypted message, by means of a unidirectional locking injection or a bidirectional coupling. In addition, the cracked bias current was closer to the real value as the bias current increased, meaning that a large bias current brought a big risk to the security.

Sistem Informasi Manajemen Keuangan pada PT. Hulu Balang Mandiri Menggunakan Framework Laravel

The rapid development of technology forces us to learn and adapt, especially in the field of information technology. Information technology makes information spread very fast and accurate. This makes information technology a very important role in the company's growth for various sector, especially financial information. On the other side, manual work that related to numbers have very big risk of miscalculations from the employees (human error) and takes a relatively longer time. With the development of the Financial Management Web Based Information System, it is expected to help companies manage their financial reports and make decisions based on financial data. This research has successfully developed Financial Management Web Based Information System by implementing the Laravel framework. The conclusion of this research is the Financial Management Web Based Information System by implementing the Laravel Framework successfully built in accordance with the agreed design, proved by the results of the test as appropriate as had been expected.

The ankle-brachial index value in patients with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome

Diabetes and predetermined him heavy purulent-necrotic complications is actual problem medicine today’s. It is proved that patients with diabetes have big risk to development of heart-vessel disease due to the development of atherosclerosis. Standard of diagnosis peripheral arterial disease of lower limb is finding ankle-brachia index (ABI). This method is good at definition of degree of arterial occlusion.
 Purpose of the study. Purpose of the work: to analyse the diagnostic capability of ABI in patients who have purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot.
 Material and methods. The prospective studies covered 218 patients. The average patients age 54,2 ± 10,3years, 45,5% of them – men. The mild form of disease was in 33,2%, moderate severity – in 45,2%, severe – in 21,6%. The duration of purulent-necrotic complications was 11,5 ± 1,2 days.
 Results. We have seen that 128 patients have different degrees of macroangiopathy. in patients who performed amputation at the level of the thigh of ABI was 0,41 ± 0,13; at the level of the leg – 0,59 ± 0,12.
 Conclusion. 1. Timely diagnosis is the basis of effective treatment of purulent necrotic complications of diabetic foot. 2. In treatment, it is necessary to take into account the indicators of ABI as the main diagnostic marker of peripheral artery disease of lower limb. 3. Definition of ABI is an objective and valuable predictive marker.

A big new risk of iQOS use: a device that harvest personal data about users' tobacco habits

Human being has a natural and civil right to protect his health and life. His civil right also includes protection of personal data, including those data that could have an impact on his health. Such data are considered to be sensitive and have to be protected by law, government and all other stakeholders, including commercial companies. Personal data on tobacco habits belong to such datasets. Since May 25, 2018, any company that has processed personal data of European Union citizens is obliged to fulfill GDPR/RODO regulations related to personal data protection. There is no doubt that personal data on consumer's habits, including his tobacco behavior have to be protected by the law. The recent studies and reports warn the public that such novel tobacco products as iQOS (heated tobacco) are first tobacco products ever produced that can harvest personal data on users' tobacco habits and use them in tobacco marketing strategy. Technical reports prove that the iQOS is equipped with two microcontroller chips enable to store and transmit usage information to producer. Phillip Morris, that produces iQOS, is already building a mega database of iQOS customers who register with the company and is developing a software that strengthens these activities. Collected data include the number of puffs and average consumption per day which is crucial information for monitoring tobacco user's nicotine dependence and may help producer in manipulating with addiction potential. This paper collects available data on above risk and proposes on how to counter-act this challenge.

HPCC based framework for COPD readmission risk analysis

Prevention of hospital readmissions has the potential of providing better quality of care to the patients and deliver significant cost savings. A review of existing readmission analysis frameworks based on data type, data size, disease conditions, algorithms and other features shows that existing frameworks do not address the issue of using large amounts of data that is fundamental to readmission prediction analysis. Available patient data for readmission risk analysis has high dimensionality and number of instances. Further, there is more new data produced everyday which can be used on a continuous basis to improve the prediction power of risk models. This study proposes a High Performance Computing Cluster based Big Data readmission risk analysis framework which uses Nave Bayes classification algorithm. The study shows that the over-all evaluation time using Big Data and a parallel computing platform can be significantly decreased, while maintaining model performance.

R&D and Performance- Based on Manufacturing and Information Service Listed Company

Traditional enterprises are taking big risks and cost to research and development in order to carry out business transformation to adapt to the changing environment as well as what information service companies do to increase core-competitiveness. This paper takes 72 companies in the manufacturing and information service industry from 2015 to 2017 as a research sample to explore the relationship between R&D investment and corporate performance. This study divides R&D investment into two dimensions, R&D expenditure input intensity and technician input intensity. The measurement of business performance refers to profitability. This research finds that the intensity of R&D investment has a positive impact on the profitability of the company in the current period. Specifically, R&D input intensity has hysteresis effect on performance. R&D expenditure intensity only has significant influence on profitability this year. The input intensity of R&D technicians has a positive correlation with the profitability of enterprises that lag one year and two years, but there is no correlation in corporate profitability in the first year.

Supporting individuals’ healthy eating requires genuine engagement with communities

AbstractC3 Collaborating for Health (C3) aims to counter the non‐communicable disease (NCD) epidemic by focusing on the three big risk factors: tobacco use, poor diet and lack of physical activity. Community Health Engagement Survey Solutions (CHESS™) is an innovative strategy to shift decision‐making around prevention and health interventions to local communities, while also reducing inequalities in the broader determinants of health. Emerging from research in India, China, Mexico and the US, C3 has implemented CHESS™ in the UK in eight London boroughs, Halifax and Girvan. A recently completed project in England and Scotland engaged 5000 people (approximately one‐third of the local populations). CHESS™ facilitates communities to act as ‘citizen scientists’ in data‐driven investigations about health and the built environment. Through a mobile tool, communities collect and interpret quantitative and qualitative data on local assets and barriers conducive to good health (or not). These results inform evidence‐based action plans, guided by public health expertise, for interventions that make it easier for all to be healthy. The community enacts the changes they can make themselves and presents recommendations to decision‐makers in a compelling argument for change. Thanks to CHESS™ evidence, communities have received over £2 million to implement health interventions in their neighbourhoods. The Healthy Communities project, completed in September 2017, led to physical activity and healthy eating initiatives, including cooking lessons, gardening, breakfast and tea clubs, and healthy lunches for schoolchildren. Learnings from the project have informed recommendations for those wanting to improve community health, particularly in relation to diet.

Juridical Analysis of Confiscation of Looted Goods and State Seizures in Corruption Crimes

Abstract:The act of confiscation of goods resulting from criminal acts of corruption is not easy and faces various obstacles in its implementation. The existence of confiscated and confiscated objects that have expensive maintenance costs has actually become a new burden for the government and has the potential to pose a big risk in the future. The purpose of this research is to examine the procedures for confiscation of confiscated goods and state confiscations in corruption crimes as well as to formulate efforts that will optimize the regulation of confiscated goods and state confiscations resulting from criminal acts of corruption. This research is a normative research using a law approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach in the research approach. The results of the study indicate that the existing problem is that the procedure for confiscation of confiscated goods and state confiscations resulting from criminal acts of corruption is carried out and involves various agencies, namely the Attorney General's Office, the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), the Ministry and Rupbasan in accordance with the legislation that has been set. However, in practice there are various obstacles that must be improved and minimized by the various agencies. With regard to confiscated and confiscated goods, criminal acts of corruption use the in personam principle Keywords: Corruption, Confiscation, Looted Goods

Design and Analysis of a Stair Climbing Wheel Chair

This paper aims to bring forward a means to climb stairs easily for older and disabled people. A stair climbing wheel chair machine, a semi-automated vehicle, which has the capability to climb the stairs easily. a wheel chair is designed and analyzed with planetary gear system attachment for the wheels. The structure and assembly of planetary wheel basic parameters required have been calculated for climbing steps without slipping. The stress analysis on wheel chair has been performed for its various operating conditions. When the wheelchair climbs stairs, there is danger of falling down the stairs, hence in order to protect the user to avoid this kind of situation to happen a ratchet mechanism locking system is proposed. Most wheelchairs are oblique during the process of climbing up and down stairs and the user will feel uncomfortable as it can easily turnover, which poses a big safety risk. In order to overcome this problem, a seat backrest adjusting device is proposed for this wheelchair, so before the wheelchair climbs up and down stairs, this device will adjust an angle for the seat and backrest to make sure the seat of the wheelchair keeps level with the ground all the time. The wheel chair assembly is modeled and its components are analyzed by considering three different materials under various likely possible loading conditions on wheel chair with the help of finite element analysis software and the results are presented.

The estimation of regional oil recovery capacity based on marine oil spill response scenario in Vietnam

ABSTRACTThe oil spill recovery capacity-OSRC plays a vital role in setting up national or regional response capability to combat the big risk of marine oil spills from oil transportation activities around Vietnam. However, in preparedness for marine oil spills, it is not known how much the amount of OSRC Vietnam should have. In this study, the criteria of marine developed countries for the establishment of marine OSRC are reviewed, and Vietnamese current conditions based on oil transportation and offshore activities are examined. In addition, Vietnamese marine oil spill recovery scenario is created, and therefrom Vietnamese regional oil spill recovery demand-OSRD and regional OSRC are estimated quantitatively through the calculations with the main factors such as the maximum amount of oil spill, the percentage of oil quantity remaining on water, emulsification factor, mobilization factor, total nominal throughput rate of all oil recovery devices. This contribution is necessary to improve and reinforce the areal, regional, and national OSRCs or aOSRCs in conformity with the corresponding areal, regional, and national OSRDs or aOSRDs in Vietnam and to balance properly the allocations of OSRCs or aOSRCs by area, by region, and nationwide in Vietnam, on the basis of the scientific and quantitative estimation results.

Experimental study on ultra-high performance concrete with high fire resistance under simultaneous effect of elevated temperature and impact loading

Fire is a big risk to buildings and structures, posing a great threat to human lives. In this study, a newly developed ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) was investigated experimentally. Quasi-static compression tests were conducted after the UHPC was first exposed to a high temperature, i.e. 200, 400, 600, 800 or 1000 °C, and then cooled down to room temperature, while dynamic tests were carried out under combined effect of a high temperature, i.e. 200, 400, 600, or 800 °C, and impact loading. The dynamic tests were done both at high temperatures and after cooling down and comparisons were made between these two scenarios. Based on the tests on this UHPC, mechanical and physical characteristics under the combined effect were studied. Besides, explosive spalling was analysed. It was interesting to find polypropylene (PP) fibre could play a negative role in preventing explosive spalling between 320 and 380 °C.

Privacy in the age of medical big data.

Big data has become the ubiquitous watch word of medical innovation. The rapid development of machine-learning techniques and artificial intelligence in particular has promised to revolutionize medical practice from the allocation of resources to the diagnosis of complex diseases. But with big data comes big risks and challenges, among them significant questions about patient privacy. Here, we outline the legal and ethical challenges big data brings to patient privacy. We discuss, among other topics, how best to conceive of health privacy; the importance of equity, consent, and patient governance in data collection; discrimination in data uses; and how to handle data breaches. We close by sketching possible ways forward for the regulatory system.

Obstacle Avoidance Gloves for the Blind Based on Ultrasonic Sensor

Ranging based on the reflection principle of ultrasonic wave propagating in the air has been widely used in modern life, such as car reversing radar, robot automatic obstacle avoidance etc. Aiming at the situation that the blinds have no way to know whether there are obstacles or big safety risks in front of them when they are walking, this paper designed obstacle avoidance gloves for the blinds based on ultrasonic sensors. With Arduino Nano single chip microcomputer as main controller, combined with ultrasonic sensor module, bluetooth module and speaker module, the glove realized the function of obstacle detection and alarm. The main working principle is by using the ultrasonic sensors to transmit and receive ultrasonic, the time difference for transmitting and receiving to detect the distance of obstacles ahead. Besides, by means of voice module output audio signals with different frequency according to the obstacle distance, the blinds can judge the distance between them to the obstacles based on the sound with different frequencies they heard. In this way, they can make responses in advance to avoid the obstacles ahead and the happening of the risk.

Ethical issues in cancer care through ayurveda

The second most common disease in India responsible for maximum mortality is cancer, with an incidence of about 0.3 million deaths per year. Although there are good diagnostic methods and treatment, cancer is still a big risk to our society. Ayurveda is the most commonly used complementary and alternative medicine in India, as it is add-on to conventional cancer care. Now, this is need of the hour to make collaboration between Ayurveda and modern physicians with mutual trust in the management of cancer. In various meetings, standard treatment protocols have been set, and integrative oncology programs have been initiated in a few institutes across India. But still, there are some ethical issues regarding this integrative oncology. Today is the era of evidence-based medicine, and we are lacking in generating evidence of the benefits of Ayurveda intervention. Also, there is a deficit of publications in systematic reviews of prior research studies, exploring the safety and efficacy of Ayurveda in the management of cancer, ensuring comprehensive clinical documentation based on categorization of patients. We have enough knowledge about the mode of action of herbal as well as modern drugs, but we are not aware of herb–modern drug interaction. Hence, herb–modern drug interaction studies and chemosensitivity studies, based on both laboratory research and clinical observations, should be conducted. Acknowledgment of the medicolegal and ethical issues involved in integrative oncology and developing strategies for clinical practice and research should be made. Making available insurance coverage for integrative oncology care, keeping in mind the aim of universal health coverage, will facilitate more number of patients toward integrative management for cancer. Through appropriate cooperation with modern medicine, Ayurveda can make substantial contributions for the advances of integrative oncology. This can discover the specific health challenges and open up new opportunities for the development of integrative Ayurveda oncology in the world.

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nano-Selenium against Cypermethrin-Induced Liver Toxicity

Cypermethrin (Cym) is a synthetic class II pyrethroid that is widely used and has a big risk to health. Cypermethrin produces oxidative stress and enhances inflammatory damage of liver. The present study was designed to investigate the ameliorating effects of NSe against Cym-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. For this purpose, twenty four male rats were divided into three groups. Group (I) was gavaged with Cym (control group), group (II) gavaged daily with Cym (1 mg/kg body weight), and group (III) gavaged with Cym + NSe (2.5 mg kg body weight/day, three times a week) for 21 days. Cypermethrin increased serum liver enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Administration of NSe significantly reduced the increased serum liver enzymes and inflammatory parameters and restored the antioxidant capacity in liver. Our results suggest that Nse exhibits promising hepato-protective effects against Cym-induced oxidative damage and inflammation.

How to Leave the Eurozone: The Case of Finland

Abstract This article provides thoughts and guidelines on how a country could exit from the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and its currency the euro. We take the hypothetical exit of Finland as a concrete example. Although there is a way out of the euro for Finland and other member countries, exit would not be easy, nor would its short-term costs be known beforehand with any clear margin. We find the lack of a domestic payments system and uncertainty concerning the redenomination costs to be the biggest risks associated with the cost of Finland’s exit. Still, the costs of Finland’s exit need not be very large, around 10 billion euros in the best-case scenario, but we also acknowledge a very costly scenario for the exit.

Why we fear the wrong things?

Deadly shark attacks, cancer from meat, toxic beer: Our health seems to be threatened seriousely all the time. But do we fear the real dangers? And how can we identify the big risks? How to deal with numbers and statistics.