Bidirectional Associations Research Articles

Unraveling vacant land concerns in the social and economic dimensions of sustainability in Chicago neighborhoods

ABSTRACT Scholars often describe vacant land as both a symptom of and a contributing factor to neighborhood decline. Not only does vacant land signal neighborhood distress and unsustainable development, but it also acts as a feedback mechanism that accelerates and perpetuates the decline in social and economic sustainability. However, our knowledge of the mutual relationship between vacant land and the decline in neighborhood social and economic sustainability remains limited due to a lack of empirical evidence. This study employed cross-lagged modeling to explore the bidirectional associations of vacant land with critical social and economic sustainability measures at the neighborhood level in Chicago, Illinois. The findings reveal that vacant land has a complex relationship with neighborhood social and economic sustainability, notably featuring mutually reinforcing associations of vacant land with crime and poverty. This study also highlights that vacant land exhibits both persistent and self-perpetuating effects over time, thereby contributing to the long-term decline in social and economic sustainability.

Bidirectional associations between smartphone usage and momentary well-being in young adults: Tackling methodological challenges by combining experience sampling methods with passive smartphone data.

Given the pervasive role of smartphones in modern life, research into their impact on well-being has flourished. This study addresses existing methodological shortcomings using smartphone log data and experience sampling methods (ESM) to explore the bidirectional within-person relationship between smartphone usage and momentary well-being variables (i.e., affect valence, loneliness, positive affect, and negative affect). We further examine different categories of smartphone usage, namely, communication, social media, and other apps. We analyze three samples (N₁ = 225, N₂ = 17, N₃ = 13; with T₁ = 7,874, T₂ = 2,566, T₃ = 1,533 ESM reports) with multilevel models to test our preregistered hypotheses. Data for Sample I were collected in Spain in 2022 (82% female; Mage = 23.1). Samples II and III (80% female; Mage = 21.6) were collected in the Netherlands between 2021 and 2022. Our results suggest that smartphone usage within an hour before ESM assessment, especially using social media apps, is associated with reduced affect valence and increased loneliness on a within-person level. Loneliness was associated with more smartphone usage than usual, particularly the use of social media apps, within the hour following ESM assessments. However, overall, our findings indicate weak bidirectional associations between smartphone usage and indicators of momentary well-being (range standardized β = .00-.08). On the between-person level, those individuals generally high in loneliness were more affected in their momentary loneliness by prior social media use, suggesting a heightened social media sensitivity. The interplay between social media use and momentary loneliness should be studied in more detail, including contextual factors and experimental designs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Bidirectional Associations Between Parent-Child Conflict and Child and Adolescent Mental Health.

To estimate the longitudinal bidirectional association between parent-child conflict and child externalizing and internalizing symptoms from the preschool years through adolescence. A nationally representative longitudinal study recruited 11,134 children at birth and followed them from December 2010 through June 2022. Primary caregivers completed validated measures at each follow-up, yielding data on parent-child conflict and child symptoms at ages 3, 5, 7, 9, and 13 years. Data were analyzed using a random-intercepts cross-lagged panel model. A total of 9,793 children were assessed at age 3 years, 9,001 at age 5 years, 5,344 at age 7 years, 8,032 at age 9 years, and 6,655 at age 13 years (50% girls). Externalizing symptoms at ages 3, 5, and 7 years were prospectively associated with parent-child conflict at ages 5, 7, and 9 years. The opposite associations were not observed, indicating a unidirectional link between child externalizing symptoms and later parent-child conflict during childhood. However, parent-child conflict at age 9 years was prospectively associated with child externalizing symptoms at age 13 years. The opposite prospective association was not observed, indicating a reversal in the direction of the association between externalizing symptoms and parent-child conflict during early adolescence. Prospective associations between parent-reported internalizing symptoms and parent-child conflict were not observed in either direction. Findings underscore the importance of both the timing and targeted nature of interventions for children's mental health. Supporting children's early self-regulation skills could be an effective intervention for preventing parent-child conflict later in development.

Longitudinal associations between parental screen time monitoring, screen time exposure, diet, and body mass index in young U.S. children

ABSTRACT Increased child screen exposure is associated with poor dietary and weight outcomes. There is an impetus to understand the processes connecting parental screen behaviors and children’s health. First, we tested the longitudinal associations between parental screen monitoring and screen exposure in children ages 4–6 years. Second, we tested unhealthy diet as a mediator between screen exposure and body mass index (BMI). To understand these longitudinal processes, we used two statistical models. The first structural model examined how BMI is associated with overall levels and changing levels of screen exposure through an unhealthy diet. The second model, the cross-lagged panel model, examined potential bi-directional associations. Overall levels of parental screen monitoring were associated with overall levels of screen exposure both from years 4–5 (β = -0.603) and from years 5–6 (β = -0.521). Overall levels of screen exposure were associated with overall levels of unhealthy diet in years 4–5 (β = 0.341). Neither model supported diet as a mediator between child screen time and BMI. Parental monitoring of screens is associated with lower screen exposure in children, and at times higher screen exposure is associated with an unhealthier diet. Future studies may benefit from exploring temporal pathways between child screen use, food intake, and body mass index.

How does news coverage of suicide affect suicidal behaviour at a high-frequency location? A 7-year time series analysis

IntroductionNews reporting of suicide can have a significant influence on suicidal behaviour in the general population, especially following the death of a well-known individual. By comparison, the impact of reporting...

Should We Be Treating Affective Symptoms, Like Anxiety and Depression Which May Be Related to LUTD in Patients With OAB? ICI-RS 2024.

To discuss the role of screening and treatment of affective symptoms, like anxiety and depression in patients with LUTD. A review of the literature regarding the bidirectional association and multidisciplinary approaches integrating psychometric assessments with personalized treatment plans to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes of LUTD. This review summarizes discussions and a narrative review of (recent) literature during an International Consultation on Incontinence-Research Society 2024 research proposal with respect to the role of screening for anxiety and depression, effect of mental health symptoms on treatment outcomes and future implications. Consensus recognized the importance to incorporate attention to anxiety and depression in relation to LUTD. The awareness of this association can lead to better outcomes. Future research projects are proposed to evaluate the bidirectional relationship. The relationship between affective symptoms and LUTD underscores the need for integrated treatment approaches that address both psychological and urological dimensions. Further research is required to identify specific patient subgroups that would benefit most from these interventions, to develop standardized screening tools, and to refine treatment protocols. Multidisciplinary care, incorporating psychological assessment and personalized treatment strategies, could enhance outcomes for LUTD patients.

Genetic analyses identify brain functional networks associated with the risk of Parkinson's disease and drug-induced parkinsonism.

Brain functional networks are associated with parkinsonism in observational studies. However, the causal effects between brain functional networks and parkinsonism remain unclear. We aimed to assess the potential bidirectional causal associations between 191 brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) phenotypes and parkinsonism including Parkinson's disease (PD) and drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP). We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess the bidirectional associations between brain rsfMRI phenotypes and parkinsonism, followed by several sensitivity analyses for robustness validation. In the forward MR analyses, we found that three rsfMRI phenotypes genetically determined the risk of parkinsonism. The connectivity in the visual network decreased the risk of PD (OR = 0.391, 95% CI = 0.235 ~ 0.649, P= 2.83 × 10-4, P_FDR= 0.039). The connectivity of salience and motor networks increased the risk of DIP (OR = 4.102, 95% CI = 1.903 ~ 8.845, P= 3.17 × 10-4, P_FDR= 0.044). The connectivity of limbic and default mode networks increased the risk of DIP (OR = 14.526, 95% CI = 3.130 ~ 67.408, P= 6.32 × 10-4, P_FDR= 0.0437). The reverse MR analysis indicated that PD and DIP had no effect on brain rsfMRI phenotypes. Our findings reveal causal relationships between brain functional networks and parkinsonism, providing important interventional and therapeutic targets for different parkinsonism.

Supplemental Material for Bidirectional Associations Between Smartphone Usage and Momentary Well-Being in Young Adults: Tackling Methodological Challenges by Combining Experience Sampling Methods With Passive Smartphone Data

Supplemental Material for Bidirectional Associations Between Smartphone Usage and Momentary Well-Being in Young Adults: Tackling Methodological Challenges by Combining Experience Sampling Methods With Passive Smartphone Data

Psychosis and Venous Thromboembolism: A Clinical Analysis and Literature Review

Psychosis is an amalgamation of psychological symptoms resulting in a loss of contact with reality. Approximately 1.5% to 3.5% of the general population will meet the diagnostic criteria for a psychotic disorder, and around 3 in 100 individuals will experience isolated psychotic symptoms in their lifetime. On the other hand, venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a chronic condition that affects nearly 10 million people every year worldwide. The relationship between psychiatric disorders and thrombotic events has garnered increasing attention in recent years, with emerging evidence suggesting a bidirectional association. We present the case of a 38-year-old female who developed psychotic symptoms in 2019, twelve years after being diagnosed with portal vein thrombosis (PVT). Despite undergoing two psychiatric consultations in 2019 and 2020, formal antipsychotic treatment was not initiated until 2024 when she was prescribed Aripiprazole and Lorazepam, resulting in moderate improvement. The temporal sequence and clinical manifestations suggest potential pathophysiological connections between vascular pathology and the development of a psychotic disorder, warranting further investigation into this relationship. This case contributes to the limited literature on this association and highlights the importance of comprehensive evaluation and management approaches in such cases.

A scoping review and synthesis of the literature on the relation between mobility impairment and cognitive impairment.

The present review examined the evidence for a potentially bidirectional association between mobility function and cognitive function in midlife and older adulthood. In 2023-2024, we conducted a scoping review by carrying out systematic searches on Google Scholar, PubMed, and PsycINFO for articles that included measures of mobility function and cognitive function. Of the 1,504 articles screened, 40 were included for review. The majority of reviewed studies found evidence of a relation between lower mobility function/greater mobility decline and lower cognitive function/greater cognitive decline. Prospective effects were observed in both directions; however, only five studies directly tested the bidirectionality of the association between mobility function and cognitive function. Individuals with lower mobility function may be more likely to experience declines in cognitive function and vice versa. More research is needed to further test the bidirectionality of this association and to identify protective factors that may disrupt this relation and reduce the incidence of co-occurring mobility impairment and cognitive impairment.

Relational Victimization, Coping Styles and Depressive Symptoms: A Test of Bidirectional Associations in Adolescence.

Although evidence from previous studies suggests that adolescents with negative coping styles who experienced victimization are more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms, these associations have not yet been disentangled to separate between-person differences from within-person effects. To investigate the within-person bidirectional relationships among relational victimization, coping styles and depressive symptoms, this study conducted a four-wave random intercept cross-lagged panel model analysis. The final sample consisted of 1506 adolescents, 72.6% of whom were male, with a mean age of 10.90 years (SD = 1.12) at the first time point. The findings revealed a prospective within-person association between relational victimization and depressive symptoms, and a reciprocal within-person relationship between depressive symptoms and avoidance coping. The approach coping style negatively predicted depressive symptoms over time, whereas depressive symptoms did not affect the approach coping style. These findings show how depressive symptoms, relational victimization, and coping styles are related at the individual level, extending previous research through the demonstration of stable within-person associations over time.

More envy, more loneliness? not only that: A longitudinal study and daily diary study

Although cross-sectional studies have explored the correlation between envy and loneliness, few longitudinal studies have investigated the bidirectional association between envy and loneliness at both trait and state levels. Here, through a longitudinal study and a daily diary investigation, we examined the interrelationships between envy and loneliness at both trait and state levels. In study 1, 288 college students answered the Dispositional Envy Scale (DES) and UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCL-8 Scale) twice with a one-year interval. The results of cross-lagged analysis indicated that dispositional envy could predict trait loneliness, while not vice versa. In study 2, using the adapted items form DES and UCL-8, a 14-day diary survey from a sample of 195 college students was conducted to investigate the interrelationship between state envy and state loneliness. The results of multivariate latent growth models and hierarchical linear models indicated that state envy could positively predict state loneliness and vice versa. Taken together, these findings uncover the bidirectional relationship between envy and loneliness at both the trait and state levels.

Bullying Victimization, Non-suicidal Self-injury, and Psychotic-like Experiences in Chinese Rural Adolescents: Exploring Transactional Associations.

Previous research has provided clues to the association between bullying victimization, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). However, these studies have been limited in their failure to examine both the directions of the associations and the underlying mediating mechanisms. Furthermore, there has been little investigation into the longitudinal associations among these variables in rural adolescents. This study aimed to address the aforementioned limitations by examining the bidirectional associations and the potential mediating mechanisms among bullying victimization, NSSI, and PLEs in a sample of Chinese rural adolescents. A total of 526 junior middle school students (42.6% males; average age = 14.62, SD = 1.15, age range = 12 to 16years old) from a rural county in Guangdong province, China were recruited and assessed at three time points spanning one year. Cross-Lagged Panel Models (CLPMs) were employed to investigate the prospective focal longitudinal associations. CLPMs revealed that notable reciprocal associations were observed between bullying victimization and NSSI, as well as between NSSI and PLEs. Moreover, PLEs at Time 1 significantly predicted bullying victimization at Time 2. Additionally, only the indirect path from Time 1 PLEs to Time 3 bullying victimization via Time 2 NSSI was significant. This study sheds light on the bidirectional associations and underlying mediating mechanisms among bullying victimization, NSSI, and PLEs in rural adolescents. The findings highlight the importance of considering the complex interplay between these factors and the need for targeted interventions to address the mental health concerns in this population.

Bidirectional associations between insomnia symptoms and eating disorders: A two-wave longitudinal study among Chinese college students.

Previous literature suggests a link between insomnia symptoms and eating disorders (EDs), yet empirical data on the temporal associations between these two variables are lacking. This study aimed to explore the bidirectional associations between insomnia symptoms and EDs in a population of college students. A total of 11,010 college students were assessed initially from October 17 to 29, 2023, and again 6months later from April 15 to 24, 2024. EDs were assessed using the Short Form of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-QS), while insomnia symptoms were measured through a three-item questionnaire addressing difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and early morning awakening. Our findings indicated that insomnia symptoms at baseline was significantly associated with increased odds of EDs six months later. Moreover, EDs at baseline were significantly predict insomnia symptoms at the six-month follow-up. This study identifies prospective bidirectional relationships between insomnia symptoms and EDs among college students, offering insights that may inform educational and clinical approaches to preventing and treating insomnia symptoms and EDs.

Prevalence and Bidirectional Association Between Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Crohn's disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to evaluating the prevalence of Crohn's disease in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and the incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in Crohn's disease (CD), along with their interrelation. An extensive search was conducted in the PubMed and Embase to identify available publications up to December 2023. Studies were included if they reported the prevalence of CD in PSC patients, or vice versa. Proportions were assessed using the DerSimonian and Laird method, followed by transformation via the Freeman-Tukey double inverse sine transformation. The quality of the included studies utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Based on quantitative analysis of 61 studies, the prevalence of PSC in patients with CD was 0.88% (95% CI: 0.53%-1.30%). The prevalence of PSC in male CD patients was 0.45% (95% CI: 0.03%-1.16%). In female CD patients, the prevalence was 0.51% (95% CI: 0.09%-1.14%). The prevalence of CD with PSC was 11.27% (95% CI: 9.56%-13.10%). The prevalence of CD in male PSC patients was 10.71% (95% CI: 7.42%-14.50%). Among female PSC patients, the pooled prevalence of CD was 13.05% (95% CI: 11.05%-15.19%). We found a significant bidirectional association between PSC and CD, with a higher prevalence of CD in female with PSC compared to male. These findings provide important epidemiological data for clinical practice.

Cognitive changes in post-stroke depression patients undergoing treatment with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): an exploratory, ancillary analysis of a randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial.

Post-stroke depression (PSD) affects approximately 40% of stroke survivors, with cognitive deficits being frequently observed. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has shown promise in improving cognitive performance in stroke patients. We explored the effects of tDCS on cognitive performance in PSD. An exploratory analysis was conducted in 48 patients from a double-blinded, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial that investigated the effects of tDCS for treating PSD. A neuropsychological battery was applied at baseline and endpoint. We assessed three key domains: (1) Stroop effect, measured by the Stroop test components (color naming, word-reading and word-color interference); (2) processing speed, assessed using the Trail Making Test and the Digit Symbol coding test; (3) executive function, evaluated with the Digit Span test and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). A Linear mixed regression models were used to evaluate changes according to groups. We found that the active tDCS group worsened slightly, while the sham group improved in Executive Function for the adjusted models. Significant interactions were also found for FAB. We found no consistent evidence that tDCS significantly improved the cognitive domains. The bidirectional association with cognition analysis suggest that tDCS effects may vary based on depression severity and task complexity.

Moderating Effects of Age on the Longitudinal Associations Between IADL Disability, Self‐Rated Health, and Depression Among Middle‐Aged and Older Adults

Background: The potential association and underlying mechanisms between instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and depressive symptoms in middle‐ and older‐aged adults remain unclear. This study explores the bidirectional relationship between IADL disability and depressive symptoms among Chinese middle‐aged and older adults and examines the mediating or moderating effects of self‐rated health (SRH) and age on this relationship.Methods: We used data from five waves (2011, 2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative survey. A total of 4830 participants aged 45 and older were included in the analysis. Longitudinal associations between IADL disability, SRH, and depressive symptoms were tested using cross‐lagged models to simultaneously evaluate the bidirectional association and the strength of the temporal association.Results: Among middle‐aged and older adults, there was a significant bidirectional longitudinal relationship between IADL disabilities and depressive symptoms. Higher levels of IADL disability predicted an increased risk of depressive symptoms and vice versa. SRH mediated the bidirectional relationship between IADL disabilities and depressive symptoms. Higher levels of IADL disability led to lower SRH, which further increased the risk of depressive symptoms and vice versa. Age moderated the cross‐lagged models, indicating that the effect of SRH on the bidirectional relationship between IADL disability and depressive symptoms was stronger in the middle‐aged group than that in the older group.Conclusion: The study results clarified the bidirectional relationship between IADL disability and depressive symptoms in middle‐aged and older adults. Healthcare providers can use the findings to design targeted interventions to address the decline in IADL function and potentially benefit mental health. Helping middle‐aged and older adults improve their SRH may interrupt the vicious cycle linking IADL disability and depressive symptoms, particularly in middle‐aged adults transitioning to old age.

Bidirectional Associations Between Alcohol Drinking and Depressive Symptoms Among US Adults Aged 50 to 75: The US Health and Retirement Study.

Background/Objectives: Low or moderate alcohol drinking may reduce the risk of depression, but depression may induce alcohol drinking. However, the bidirectional associations between alcohol drinking and depression were inconsistent, and many prior analyses were not properly conducted. This study explored the within-individual bidirectional associations between alcohol drinking and depressive symptoms under a causal analytic framework. Methods: Using data for the baby boomer cohorts (born between 1948 and 1965) from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we employed the unit fixed-effect models with lagged measures to examine the within-individual bidirectional associations between the number of alcohol drinks per week and the changes in the eight-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scores. Results: Among 11,057 participants at baseline, about 48% were drinkers and 19% had a CES-D ≥4, i.e., at a high risk of depression. Among male low/moderate drinkers, increasing alcohol drinking between consecutive visits was significantly associated with a decrease in depression scores after adjusting for prior alcohol drinking (-0.15 points per 7 drinks/week increase, p = 0.009). Conversely, among male drinkers and female heavy drinkers, increasing depression scores between visits increased alcohol drinking after adjusting for prior depression scores (ranging from 0.22 to 0.79 drinks/week per 1 point increase of depression score, all p values < 0.01). Conclusions: The bidirectional associations between alcohol drinking and depressive symptoms were evident only among male drinkers, and alcohol drinking should not be recommended as a solution for preventing or relieving depressive symptoms. Limitations: Measures of alcohol drinking and depression were coarse, and the study cohorts were limited to the US baby boomer generation. Generalizing findings to other populations should be cautious.

BIDIRECTIONAL ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND AFFECT: AN ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT STUDY

Abstract Despite extensive evidence demonstrating the beneficial effects of physical activity on health outcomes, many older adults remain physically inactive. A growing body of research examines affective states as both determinants and consequences of physical activity. However, the nuanced and dynamic relationships between physical activity and affect among older adults remain understudied. We used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to investigate the bidirectional relationships between physical activity and affect in daily life among older adults in Hong Kong. 168 older adults aged 65 to 84 received seven EMA prompts per day for fifteen consecutive days and completed a total number of 17,345 momentary assessments of affective states, mobility, and activities. We used multilevel models to test the bidirectional associations between physical activity and positive affect, negative affect, and energetic arousal, nested within individuals. Preliminary results reveal concurrent associations between physical activity and positive affect (b=0.042, SE=0.008, p&amp;lt;.001) and energetic arousal (b=0.107, SE=0.027, p&amp;lt;.001). When older adults engaged in physical activity before the prompt, they reported a higher level of positive affect (b=0.038, SE=0.008, p&amp;lt;.001). However, physical activity did not significantly improve energetic arousal levels later (b=0.046, SE=0.027, p=0.089). Additionally, individuals were more likely to engage in physical activity after they reported a higher level of positive affect (OR=1.321, 95% CI=1.234-1.413, p&amp;lt;.001) and feeling energetic (OR=1.078, 95% CI=1.044-1.112, p&amp;lt;.001). No associations between physical activity and negative affect were identified. The implications of these findings for developing context-specific interventions to promote physical activity among older adults will be discussed.

The Unequal Loop: Socioeconomic Status and the Dynamic Bidirectional Relationship between Physical and Mental Health

This study draws on longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (2008–2020) to investigate the dynamic bidirectional relationship between physical and mental health, focusing on socioeconomic disparities. Dynamic panel models reveal significant bidirectional associations between measures of physical and mental health for both positive and negative health indicators, but the magnitude varies by education and wealth. Specifically, the interconnection between indicators of negative physical and mental health (i.e., functional limitations and depression symptoms) is stronger among the socioeconomically disadvantaged, whereas the relationship between indicators of positive physical and mental health (i.e., physical activity and positive affect) is stronger at higher levels of wealth (although not education). By disentangling the bidirectional association between physical and mental health, these results imply an important process of the reproduction and perpetuation of health inequalities.