Bhaishajya Ratnavali Research Articles

ARKA LAVANA AND ITS PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION

Background: Lavana kalpana was described in many Ayurvedic texts such as Bhaishajya ratnavali, Rasatarangini, Vangasen, Gadanigraha etc. Arka lavana is a highly effective lavana kalpana which is mainly recommended for Yakrit-pleeha roga, Gulma, Ajirna, Agnimandya and Udara roga. Aim: Pharmaceutical study of Arka lavana. Materials and Methods: The raw material Arka patras were collected from the herbal garden of Rajasthan Ayurveda University, Jodhpur. The Arka patras were authenticated by Dravyaguna Department. Another raw material, Saindhava lavana, was procured from Rasashala of Rajasthan Ayurveda University, Jodhpur and was authenticated by Rasa shastra and Bhaishajya kalpana Department. Arka lavana was prepared by the traditional puta method as per the reference. Observation and Results: The Arka lavana was assessed for organoleptic parameters. Conclusion: The pharmaceutical study of Arka lavana provides the standard parameters.

Pharmacognostical Identification of Arjuna, Punarnava and Jatamansi with Recapture of Concept of Substitution and Adulteration

In recent era, growth in natural product market and interest in traditional system of medicine is seen and people are shifting towards the Ayurvedic theories of health management. But, growth in production is still linear and fast depletion of resources is creating the major trouble. To meet the deficit, practices of adulteration and substitution are used widely, which became burning problem in industry threatening the integrity of Ayurveda. Aim and Objective: The aim of this article is pharmacognostical identification of Arjun, Punarnava and Jatamansi with recapture of concept of adulteration and substitution, their cause, types, examples and other import aspects and identify areas that need further research. Methodology: The pharmacognostical identification of Arjun, Punarnava and Jatamansi was performed with their adulterant and substituent. The review of concept of adulteration and substitution was done from literature and more than 30 published research articles that were identified through a systematic search of major computerized medical databases. Observation and Result: The deforestation, extinction or evolution of many species, insufficient knowledge, unauthenticated practices about raw material collectively resulted in adulteration and substitution. The concept of substitution is known in Ayurveda as it is enlightened prominently in Vagbhata, Bhavprakash Yogratnakar and Bhaishajya ratnavali. The pharmacognostical identification of Arjun, Punarnava and Jatamansi was performed performed and shown with their adulterant and substituent. Discussion: Strategic planning and integrated approach towards mass production, supply chain management, IEC, proper advocacy, proper pharmacovigilance monitoring of raw materials and knowledge sharing is needed to trim down the gravity of adulteration. Scope of this article throws light on the concepts of substitution given by our preceptors and analyses these with the present-day prevailing trend of adulteration and substitution.

Pharmaceutical and Analytical Study of Two Types of Shatiyadi Kashaya Ghanvati

Among the Panchvidha kashaya kalpana, Kwatha kalpana is the most significant dosage form in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics which is used worldwide. However it has some disadvantages like shorter shelf life, bitter taste and inconvenience in preparation, transportation and storage. To overcome these difficulties the Kwatha kalpana is being modified into Ghanvati without compromising the therapeutic efficacy. Shatiyadi kashaya ghanvati is a modified tablet form of the classical polyherbal formulation Shatiyadi kashaya. In this study, efforts have been made to establish analytical standards for two types of Shatiyadi kashaya ghanvati which were not available till date. Aims and objectives: To prepare two types of Shatiyadi kashaya ghanvati as mentioned in classical texts and do the comparative analysis of their physico-chemical properties. Materials And Methods: The study involves the preparation of Shatiyadi kashaya as per Ayurvedic texts (type I acc. to Bhaishajya Ratnavali and type II acc. to Bharat Bhaishajya Ratnakar) which was then modified into Ghanvati. Thereafter samples of Shatiyadi kashaya ghanvati type I and type II were taken for the comparative pharmaceutical and physicochemical study. Result and Conclusion: The physico-chemical analysis of two types of Shatiyadi kashaya ghanvati revealed that all test parameters were within API limits which ensure the safety and purity of the drug.

A comparative clinical study on the efficacy of Nityanand Ras with (or) without Jeernakarkaruka Nasya in Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism also known as underactive thyroid gland, where the gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormones to meet the demands of physical body. The thyroid gland is a small approximately two inches butterfly shaped gland, situated in the anterior aspect of the throat regulates the way the body uses its energy, including the way how one’s heart beats. The normal functioning of this organ is very crucial for the metabolic homeostasis of the body. The rapid changes in the lifestyle and stressful life events are leading to the major disturbance of the normal metabolic functions of the human body, in Ayurveda the signs and symptoms of Hypothyroidism may be superficially compared to Atihraswa (dwarfism) and Atisthula (Obesity), but apart from this also, based on the other visible signs and symptomatology, the disease may be understood and treated accordingly. It is also can be considered as an Santarpanotta Vikara, since most of the Santarpanotta Vikara’s share common etio-pathogenesis. The Panchakarma treatment is known for removing the morbidity deeply from the body, and restores metabolic homeostasis. With this approach the current study was designed to observe the efficacy of Nityananda Ras, which is indicated in the Shlipada Adhikara of Bhaishajya Ratnavali, in the management of HT, and also in comparison with Nasya Karma, since the nasal administration of medicine is the best root for the elimination of the diseases of Head and neck. This research has shown the Nityanand Ras, is found effective and in the Nasya with Jeerna Karakaruka Swarasa group patients the results were encouraging in comparing with Nityanand Ras.

Pharmaceutico Analytical Study of Roudra Rasa and Evaluation of Its Anti-Carcinogenic Effect in Selected Cell Lines and Acute Toxicity Studies in Albino Wistar Rats: A Study Protocol

Introduction: There are expected to have become 1.9 million new cancer diagnoses and 609,360 cancer - related deaths in 2022, or about 1,670 mortality each day. Regardless of human development level, throughout the world, the disease is a leading source of morbidity and mortality. Cancer like disorders have been documented also in Indian subcontinent since antiquity. In the 19th century, the very first cancer cases were diagnosed, and the burden of cancer began to climb in the 20th century, when current treatment facilities were severely inadequate. Roudra Rasa is a special Ayurvedic preparation for Arbuda (Cancer) mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali. It has already been tested clinically in Oropharengeal cancer, with Ayurvedic treatment incorporating Roudra Rasa showing a greater benefit. Cancer cell lines of human are useful models for exploring cancer biology and testing the treatment effectiveness of anti - cancer drugs in the lab. That’s why Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7 - Breast), Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (HT-29 - Colon), Human Lung Adenocarcinoma (HOP-62), Lung cancer epthelial cell (A549 - Lung), and cell line from prostate carcinoma (DU145), prostate cancer cell line (PC-3 - Prostate), these cancer cell lines have chosen to examine Roudra Rasa's anti cancer activity.
 Aim and Objectives: Pharmaceutico analytical study of Roudra Rasa and evaluation of its Anti-carcinogenic And acute toxicity studies in selective cell lines and albino Wistar rats respectively.
 Materials and Methods: Roudra Rasa will be prepared by traditional method and quality control parameters will be assessed. Anti-carcinogenic activity will be carried out in selected cancer cell lines. and acute toxicity testing will be done in accordance with OECD guidelines 423.
 Observations and Results: Observations of pharmaceutical, analytical and experimental studies will be noted and presented in the forms of table, charts, photographs etc.
 Conclusion: If Roudra Rasa shows any significant Anti-Carcenogenic activity then it would be safe and efficient medicine for Cancer.

A comparative pharmaceutical and analytical study of Shirisharishta prepared by Twak, Sara and Kastha from Shirisha

Shirisha (Albizzia lebbeck Benth.) is well known classical drug used for the treatment of various types of diseases such as Shwasa, Kasa, Shosh etc. In this study 3 different sample of Shirisharista prepared from 3 different main ingredient Twak Sara and Kastha along with herbs like Pippali Priyangu etc. Shirisharishta is one such formulation mentioned under Visha Chikitsa, which is in use as a mode of Shaman Chikitsa. The reference of this Yoga is adopted from Bhaishajya Ratnavali. To formulate Shirisharista from Twak, Sara and Kastha from Shirisha and evaluate their pharmaceutical and analytical characteristics. Shirisharishta was prepared from Twak Sara and Kastha of A. lebbeck. Organoleptic characterization pH, specific gravity, total solid content, alcohol content and TLC profile of the prepared 3 samples were determined. Heartwood is the best part of use of A. lebbeck for preparation of Shirisharishta.

Physico Chemical Analysis and HPTLC Evaluation of Kokilakshadi Kwatha Churna

Kokilakshadi Kashaya mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali, Vataraktadhikara, it is a therapeutic formulation to treat Vatarakta. It is also used by Ayurvedic practitioners for treating hyperuricemia. The symptoms of hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis are similar to Vatarakta, a disease explained in classical Ayurvedic textbooks. Kokilakshadikwatha contains Kokilaksha and Guduchi and Pippalichurna given as Anupana of this formulation Physico chemical analysis of individual drug and formulation with modern parameters increase their scope and acceptance. The study was based on standard analytical parameters proposed by API. Method: Kokilakshadi Kwatha powder was evaluated for physico chemical analysis and phyto chemical screening. The analysis was done by using the parameters like Organoleptic features, loss on drying, acid soluble extractive, water soluble extractive. Results: Analytical parameters of individual drugs were done. All analytical parameter were within limit. Analytical parameter of Kokilakshadi Kwatha Churna like loss on drying 10.4%w/w, acid insoluble ash 0.79%, alcohol soluble extractive 11.2%w/w, water soluble extractive 7.8%w/w, pH 5.78 were obtained. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) profile of Kokilakshadikwatha powder showed 13 peaks at 254nm and 14 peaks at 366nm. Preliminary phytochemical screening test revealed the presence of steroids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids. Conclusion: The obtained data can be used for future comparative references

Pharmaceutical Study on Jwarankusa Rasa

Rasayogas in Ayurveda have a wide range of therapeutic utility since they are fast acting even in smaller doses. Acharya Charaka mentioned, Jwara is the foremost of all diseases, so it need a special attention. There are various herbal and herbomineral preparation mentioned for Jwara chikitsa mentioned in Brihat trayees, Laghu trayees. Wide variety of Rasa yogas were mentioned in classics for Jwara and Jwarankusa rasa is one among them. Herbomineral preparations mentioned for Jwara have specific mode of action including Ama pachana, Agni vardana, Sroto sodhana and Jwara hara properties. Jwarankusa rasa is a well known herbo mineral formulation specially indicated for Vishama jwara and it is mentioned on Bhaishajya Ratnavali Jwara chikitsa. There are various references available for Jwarankusa rasa with various ingredients and different method of preparation such as Rasendra sara sangraha, Rasa Prakasha sudharakara, Sharangadhara Samhita, Vrinda nigantu ratnakara, Rasa chandamsu. In certain references Jwarankusa rasa consists of only non-herbal ingredients and in other references we can find it as herbomineral combination. Majority of the Yogas contains ingredients such as Parada, Gandhaka, Tankana, Haritala, Manasila among the non-herbal ingredients and Vatsanabha, Sunti, Danti beeja, Dattura beeja among the herbal ingredients. It is mainly indicated in diseases such as Jwara, Jwaratisara, Vishama jwara, Vishoochika. Rasa dravyas are Rasayana yogavahi and possess Amadosha nirharana property. Preparation and observations during preparation of Jwarankusa rasa mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali Jwara chikitsa is emphasized in this humble work.

Preparation and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Agnikumara Rasa (B.R Jwaradhikara) Prepared with Variation in Number of Bhavana (Levigation)

Rasasastra is a specialised branch of Ayurveda that deals with Rasa dravyas which include Visha dravyas used for the preparation of therapeutically potent medicines. Agnikumara rasa of Bhaishajya Ratnavali Jwara adhikara reference is one such herbal formulation that contains a major proportion of Shodhita Vatsanabha and other ingredients of Maricha, Vacha, Kushta, Mushta, and Ardraka. It is a Kharaliya yoga (a formulation prepared in mortar) prepared by Bhavana samskara (levigation). As the number of levigation is not mentioned, three samples were prepared by doubling the number of Bhavana (levigation) of the preceding sample and physico-chemical analysis of these samples was done and compared. In Charaka samhita Vimanasthana, Acharya has explained the relevance of Samskara for imparting new Gunas (properties) and thereby potentiating the drug. The present study was done to identify a better analytical profile among the samples. It was found that some of the analytical parameters like hardness, disintegration time were modified with Bhavana which may increase the bioavailability of the drug and thereby its therapeutic potency.

Analytical Profile of Kanchanara Guggulu Tablets Prepared as per References in Sharangadhara Samhita and Bhaishajya Ratnavali

Marketing of Guggulu, an exudate obtained from the plant Commiphora mukul and its preparations is a great concern of different ayurvedic pharmaceutical houses due to its adulteration, substitution and non-availability of genuine samples. Standardization of raw drugs and formulations with modern analytical tools increase their scope, acceptance and scientific validity. In the present study, an attempt was made for the physicochemical analysis of Kanchanara guggulu tablets (having Guggulu as the major ingredient) prepared as per references in Sharangadhara Samhita and Bhaishajya Ratnavali to develop an analytical profile of the formulation. The study was based on the standard analytical parameters proposed by API and PLIM. Six samples of tablets were prepared as per two references (three for each reference) which were available in market following the same manufacturing procedures. The study comprised of three stages- pharmacognosy of raw drugs, pharmaceutical work and analytical study. The analysis was done using the parameters like organoleptic evaluation, weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, ash values, extractive values, loss on drying, pH, HPTLC and microbial contamination and an analytical profile was developed as per both references.

The Ayurvedic management of Ardhavbhadaka with special reference to migraine : A single case study

Migraine most often begins at adolescence and most affects those aged between 35 and 45 years. It is caused by the stimulation of a mechanism deep in the brain that leads to release of pain-producing inflammatory substances around the nerves and blood vessels of the head. Migraine is recurrent, often life-long, and characterized by recurring attacks. About 15% of the population suffers migraine. Prevalence of migraine is approximately 5.7% in men and 17.0% in women and accounts 2% years of life lost due to a disability in women of all ages. Modern science enforced several medications to manage migraine. additionally, these drugs have adverse effects like GI upset, hypotension, lack of concentration etc It is more common in women, because of hormonal influences. Ardhavabhedaka can be scientifically correlated with Migraine due to its cardinal feature ‘half sided headache’ and also due to its spasmodic nature. All the three doshas are involved in the pathogenesis of the Ardhavabhedaka with the predominance of Vata or Vata Kapha. Head is the ruler of indriya and Kapha dosha. The medicine given through Nasya reaches up to the brain and thus it pulls out all the disease causing doshas impurities Manasamitra Vatakam and Shir Shuladi Vajra Ras are is mentioned in Sahasrayogam and Bhaishajya Ratnavali book with special indication to Shirha Shoola.

PHARMACEUTICO ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SINDHURADYA TAILA

Background: Sindhuradya taila is a preparation mentioned in Kushta chikitsadhikara by Chakradatta as well as Bhaishajya Ratnavali. It is specifically claimed to be effective in Pama in the form of external application. Sindhuradya taila is a unique formulation with only two ingredients namely Sindhoora and Jeeraka. Aims & Objectives: In present study an attempt was taken to assess the quality of sindhuradyaTaila Study Setting: ACRL SJGAMC&H Koppal, It includes Organoleptic parameters (colour, smell, appearance, taste) and physico chemical parameters (specific gravity, saponification value, peroxide value, acid value and iodine value), TLC. Results: Results showed that all parameters were in Normal range, TLC study revealed that presence of Steriods with Rf value 0.439, 0.666, Terpenoids with Rf value 0.344, Flavonoids with Rf value 0.128, Alkaloids with Rf value 0.788, 0.901. Conclusion: The present study reveals the Sindhuradya taila has meet all the quality control standards

Standardization of Bindu Ghrita

One of the major contributions of Ayurveda is the dosage form called SnehaKalpanawhere ghritaand tailaare processed in such a way that all the phytochemicals from the plant parts are transferred to the lipid media, mostly the ones which are lipid soluble. The process of making SnehaKalpanais divided into two steps; the first is SnehaMurchchhanaand thesecond is Sneha Paka. SnehaMurchchhanais performed to remove doshasfrom the lipid media while Sneha Pakais the preparation of medicated ghritaor taila(Sneha Kalpana).The product obtained after the process of Sneha pakais known as Siddha ghritaor Siddha taila. There are various formulations of Siddha ghritaand Siddha tailagiven in the Ayurveda text. BinduGhritais one of the formulations of ghrita, mentioned in Ayurveda texts like Chakradatta, Sharangadhara Samhita, Bhaishajya Ratnavali, Gadanigrahaand Yoga Ratnakara. The word Bindusuggests its therapeutic use indicating the number of Bindusapplied on the Nabhi( umbilicus ) which is equal to the number of Virechana Vega ( purgations ). Internal use of Bindu Ghritais also suggested in some texts.Bindu Ghritais used to treat Udara rogasmainly in Jalodara(Ascites).Its other indications are as Kushtha,Aadhmana,Mandaagni,Gulmaetc.There have been very few works done on this formulation, and no work on the standardization of Bindu Ghritahas been undertaken till date.This study focuses on the pharmaceutical as well as analytical standardization of Bindu Ghritaas per the reference of Sharangadhara Samhitaand is one of the first studies reported on its standardization.

Standardization of Gunja Taila

Sneha kalpana is one of the unique and commonly prescribed Ayurvedic dosage form in day-to-day practice having increase potency, palatability, shelf life etc. Although varities of Snehas are described in Ayurvedic texts, the most common amongst them are Taila& Ghrita kalpana. The research work entitled “Standardization ofGunja Taila” was planned to standardize two formulations as per the reference of Chakradattaand Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Therefore, two samples of Gunja Tailawith their three batches each, were prepared with their conceptual references. Both the samples were analyzed based on Organoleptic Parameters, i.e., Appearance, Colour, Odour, Touch, etc. and Physico-chemical Parameters i.e., Foreign Matter, Specific gravity, Saponification Value, Peroxide Value, Baudouin’s Test, Mineral oil Test, Viscosity, Total fatty Matter, Refractive Index, Brix Value, Rancidity, Optical Rotation, Acid Value, Iodine Value. The findings for these parameters were found to be satisfactory for quality assurance. Assay of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg), Total bacterial count and Total fungal count are under the permissible limit depicted in the study. Specific pathogens and aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) are absent in all samples. HPTLC is an important tool to generate the standardization parameter for quality control purpose. Sample GT-1 and GT-2 were analysed on different wavelengths 510 nm, 366 nm (Long) & 254 nm (Short). It confirmed 11 distinct spots at 510 nm, 06 distinct spots at 366 nm and 12 spots at 254 nm of GT-1 samples whereas 12 distinct spots at 510 nm, 06 distinct spots at 366 nm and 12 spots at 254 nm were observed in GT-2 samples. The Rf values of spots differentiate the chemical composition of the sample

CRITIQUE ON JALODARARI RASA - A MIGHTY HEPATOPROTECTOR

Ayurveda is the oldest methodical branch of knowledge that speaks its reality in the sketch of philosophy. It comprises most scientific milieu of derivation. As per ancient Ayurveda scholars for getting a desirable outcome of any medication, it should be precisely analysed before prescribing to the patient. There are several classical formulations successfully practised by Ayurveda physicians for treating various ailments, and also there are few unexplored but potent formulations that need the attention of practitioners to come to light. The present study is based to collaborate various references as well as the Pharmacological importance and mechanism of action of a distinctive hepatoprotection Jalodarari Rasa. The most common manifestation of liver dysfunction is ascites, and the most common cause of ascites is liver disease. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum. Despite advanced medical facilities still, there is no definite treatment that cures a patient of ascites completely. The modern treatments only provide provisional relief with time dependant recurrence but, the fluid gets collected in the abdominal cavity repeatedly. In such cases, Ayurvedic treatment gives relief without any side effects and can be correlated with Jalodara, mentioned in Ayurvedic medical science. Jalodarari Rasa is a herbomineral preparation that is depicted in Bhaishajya Ratnavali Udararogaprakarana, its fundamental constitution being Jayapala, Tamra bhasma, pippali, maricha which are all having lekhana- pachana-bhedana action and thereby useful to evacuate the excess accumulated fluid which is needed to counteract Jalodara. Hence, here an attempt has been made to address the detailed review of Jalodarari rasa. Keywords: Ascites, hepatoprotective, Ayurveda

An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Anti-Diarrheal Activity of Bhuvaneshwara Rasa in Wistar Albino Rats

Atisara (Diarrhea) is most commonly encountered disease of the present era, due to unhealthy and irregular habits. Atisara (Diarrhea) finds a place as important disease in individual’s life as everyone suffers from it at least once in life time. Bhuvaneshwara rasa is a unique herbo-mineral formulation explained in Bhaishajya ratnavali indicated for all kinds of diarrhea cases. Bhuvaneshwara rasa is a potent formulation having Saindhava, Triphala, Yamani, Bilva peshika and Gruhadhooma.
 Materials and methods: Raw materials were screened and collected and the formulation selected for the present study Bhuvaneshwara rasa was prepared accordingly. Anti-diarrheal activity of Bhuvaneshwara rasa was evaluated experimentally in albino rats. Experimental study was conducted in 3 groups of animals for anti-diarrheal study each. Anti-diarrheal study was done by castor oil induced diarrhoea and castor oil induced enter-pooling method. Bhuvaneshwara rasa (test drug) and Loperamide are effective in controlling diarrheal episodes. Bhuvaneshwara rasa has shown significant Anti-diarrheal activity in both Castor oil -induced diarrhea and castor oil induced enteropooling, test drug effective than control.
 Result: Bhuvaneshwara rasa was prepared according to SOP. Test drug group have shown effect experimentally. Conclusion: Bhuvaneshwara rasa is a good anti-diarrheal drug. It can be administered in all types of Atisara.

A Single Arm Clinical Trial to Assess the Combined Effectiveness of Anubhuta Kashaya and Kaishora Guggulu in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)

CKD encompasses a spectrum of pathophysiologic processes associated with abnormal kidney function and a progressive decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Elimination of Malas from the body is also an inductive of good health. There are totally three Malas explained by the Samhitas namely Purisha, Mutra & Sweda. In Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) where there is a less formation of Mutra, the Karma of Mutra is removing Kleda (waste products) from the body. So, the Kleda which resides in the body causes Pratiloma gati of Vata leading to different variety of diseases which involves Dusti of Rakta. Therefore, use of Mutrala & Raktashodhaka Dravyas may be helpful in the subjects of CKD. There is no availability of direct description of CKD in Ayurvedic science, except Vrukka roga Adhikara of Bhaishajya Ratnavali. So, we studied the disease with Ayurvedic concepts on the basis of general signs and symptoms.
 Here 28 subjects diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected incidentally for study. For each subject of CKD Amapachana and Koshtashodhana was done with Hareetakyadi churna, Anubhuta Kashaya and Kaishora Guggulu are administered as Shamanoushadhi. With this intervention, we are able to give mild to moderate improvement in subjective and objective parameters. During the study improvement of subjective parameters are well appreciated than the objective parameters. The objective of the study is to establish the combined effectiveness of Anubhuta Kashaya and Kaishora guggulu in the management of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Critical Analysis of Formulation andProbable Mode of Action of Avipattikara churna: A Comprehensive Review

Background: The mode of action of a compound Ayurvedic formulation is a critical and essential issue to be concentrated in assuring the therapeutic efficacy and safety based on its composition. Avipattikara Churna is one of the commonly used formulations containing herbs-mineral drugs. Objective: To emphasize the rationality of Avipattikara Churna and its mode of action by classical and contemporary review. Data Source: Classical texts like Vangasena Samhita, Bhaishajya Ratnavali, Rasendra Sara sangraha, Rasendra Chintamani, and published research works. Material and Methods: In the present study a critical analysis based on ingredients and probable mode of action of Avipattikara Churna in different indicated clinical conditions like agnimandya (digestive impairment), vibandha (constipation), amlapitta (hyperacidity), arsha (piles), mutraghata (retention of urine) and prameha (diabetes mellitus) were done based on classical and contemporary research works. Result: Data from the critical review of classical and contemporary research works. Conclusion: Avipattikara Churna is a versatile formulation used in a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders. By this review, it can be emphasized that Avipattikara Churna, which is in clinical practice for Amlapitta (Hyperacidity) and vibandha (constipation) is a tailored formula by its ingredients. In-vivo studies not only justify the effectiveness of the formulation but provide more evidence of the safety and efficacy of the formulation. Clinical research works substantiate its significant gastroprotective activity.

Critical Review of Vandhyatwa w.s.r. Anovulation - Literary review

Infertility is a condition which can be defined as inability to conceive with minimum one year of unprotected sexual life. There may be good number of reasons for this condition to cause. Inability of couples to fulfill their desire of continuing the family has been a social stigma since ages. Due to increasing publicity and awareness and also educational status of couple making them easy to seek help for the conception. The causes for this condition are problems in female and male reproductive system in structure and physiological function, psychology of couple, genetic, environmental, immunological and sometime unexplained causes also may account for this condition. Vandyatwa is a condition where a female fails to conceive and also unable to continue pregnancy and give a birth of a live baby and also unable to conceive in future. Ayurveda believes that the conception occurs only in Shudha Yoni.
 Methodology: To review, analyse and interpret about female Infertility, its types, causes, Anovulation as one of the causes of infertility, its types, interpretation and Ayurvedic understanding of anovulation as a cause of Vandyatwa. The integral part of achieving Sreyasi Praja are Garbhasambhava Samagri which includes Ritu, Kshetra, Ambu, Beeja. As there are many causes for Vandyatwa mentioned, in this study Vandyatwa due to Arthava Nasha or Nastartva is considered where Arthava is taken as ovum. Discussion- Infertility is observed in approximately 10-15% of couples of reproductive age. Ovulation disorders account for about 30-40% of female infertility and about 20% of infertility couple. Anovulation is caused due to the defect in the function of hypothalamus -pituitary- ovarian axis. Arthava is considered as ovum and it is formed as a Upadhatu after the proper digestion of Ahara Rasa by Prakrutha Agni. If Agni is disturbed by Ahita Ahara vihara formation of Rasadi Dhatu there by Arthava is also affected causing Nastartva which can be considered as anovulation.
 The condition Nastartva also can be managed by Deepana pachana and Arthava Janaka which is the line of management to correct the Samprapti and to restore fertility. Many Yogas are mentioned by our Acharya’s, & Pipplayadi Yoga which contains Trikatu and Nagakeshara is one among them mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali Yonivyapath chikitsa for Vandyatwa.

KESHARANJANA YOGA IN BHAISHAJYA RATNAVALI: A REVIEW

Bhaishajya Ratnavali by Kaviraj Govinda Das Sen of 18th century is an authentic book of Ayurveda science includes systematic description of diseases along with treatment aspects. Under Kshudraroga Chikitsa Prakarana, detailed information regarding kesharanjana has been explained with description of kesharanjana yoga. This article mainly focuses on the kesharanjana yoga mentioned in this book for better nourishment and coloring of hair. Review on kesharanjana yoga mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali was analyzed and summarized for better usage and understanding. Initially author explains few preparations to apply as lepa (application) over scalp or hairs and later nasya (inhalation therapy) procedure for hair care. Most of the drugs used are rasayana (immune modulator) in nature and has keshya (hair tonic) property which forms the prime factor in using these drugs. Direct application as lepa and also nasya procedure would help in better nourishment and also proper growth of hair. Owing to the properties of drugs used for the preparations which are useful in many conditions of hair problems. By following these yogas and with proper pathya one can get benefited from khalitya, palitya, and other conditions of hair.