Drinking Of Beverages Research Articles

Clinical Profile of Filipino Patients with Young-onset Gout

Objectives. Recent studies show that patients with young-onset gout present with visible tophi or nephrolithiasis on diagnosis. In the Philippines, where gout is prevalent, there is no published work on this subset of patients. This study presents the clinical characteristics of a cohort of Filipino patients with gout whose symptoms started at 30 years of age or younger.
 Methods. The case records of all patients who fulfilled the 1977 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for gout seen in four adult rheumatology services were reviewed. We selected those whose age of onset of gout was at 30 years or younger. The demographic characteristics, medical history, laboratory parameters, and presenting manifestations were described.
 Results. Six hundred sixty-nine records of patients with gout were reviewed; 101 (15%) fulfilled the young-onset gout criteria. The mean age of onset was 25±4.40 years (range 14-30), and the mean disease duration before diagnosis was 12.64±11.91 years. All of the patients were male and most were married; 76% were alcoholic beverage drinkers and 38% were smokers. A family history of gout was noted in 47%. Most patients (66%) were already on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 24% on colchicine, and 14% on urate-lowering therapy before consult at the rheumatology clinic. By history, at onset, the most common pattern of joint involvement was monoarthritis (95%), affecting the ankles (60%), knees (52%), and 1st metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint (51%). However, on the first rheumatology clinic visit, 34% of arthritis was polyarticular, more than 68% had more than three arthritis attacks per year, and there were tophi in 35%. The mean duration before visible tophi formation was 2.81±6.75 years. Around 21% had nephrolithiasis or a history thereof. The mean serum uric acid (SUA) was 9.18 mg/dL and the mean serum creatinine was 1.5 mg/dL. Thirty-seven percent had estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min.
 Conclusion. Young-onset gout was present in 15% of our patients and gout was familial in 47%. There was a delay in diagnosis of as long as ten years in most of the patients. On presentation at the rheumatology clinic, more than 34% had polyarticular arthritis, 35% had tophi, and 37% had low estimated GFR. This emphasizes the importance of awareness and prompt diagnosis to ensure correct treatment and prevention of complications

Socioeconomic position and consumption of sugary drinks, sugar-sweetened beverages and 100% juice among Canadians: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey\u2013Nutrition

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe sugary drink (beverages with free sugars), sugar-sweetened beverage (beverages with added sugars, SSB) and 100% juice (beverages with natural sugars) consumption across socioeconomic position (SEP) among Canadians.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 19,742 respondents of single-day 24-h dietary recalls in the nationally representative 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey–Nutrition. Poisson regressions were used to estimate the prevalence of consuming each beverage type on a given day. Among consumers on a given day, linear regressions were used to estimate mean energy intake. Models included household education, food security and income quintiles as separate unadjusted exposures. Sex-specific models were estimated separately for children/adolescents (2–18 years) and adults (19 +).ResultsAmong female children/adolescents, the prevalence of consuming sugary drinks and, separately, SSB ranged from 11 to 21 and 8 to 27 percentage-points higher among lower education compared to ‘Bachelor degree or above’ households. In female adults, the prevalence of consuming sugary drinks and, separately, SSB was 10 (95% CI: 1, 19) and 14 (95% CI: 2, 27) percentage-points higher in food insecure compared to secure households. In males, the prevalence of consuming 100% juice was 9 (95% CI: − 18, 0) percentage-points lower among food insecure compared to secure households. Social inequities in energy intake were observed in female adult consumers, among whom mean energy from sugary drinks was 27 kcal (95% CI: 3, 51) higher among food insecure compared to secure and 35 kcal (95% CI: 2, 67) higher from 100% juice among ‘less than high school’ education compared to ‘Bachelor degree or above’ households.ConclusionSocial inequities in sugary drink consumption exist in Canada. The associations differed by SEP indicator. Equitable interventions to reduce consumption are warranted.

Consumer Preference and Storage Stability Assessment of Drum Dried-Maltodextrin Added Kunun-gyada Powder

Kunun gyada is cereal-based Nigerian porridge produce from cereal flour in combination with groundnut milk. There is the growing popularity of local beverage drinks such as the kunun-gyada, kunun-Zaki, kunun-tsamiya in Nigeria, and thus, this posses great research challenges that require processing improvement from the traditional method of preparation, value addition, and extension of storage life of the products. Research has shown that the product can easily go bad when stored unrefrigerated and even when refrigerated, the product can only be kept for a maximum of four days (Gaffa et al., 2002). Sensory evaluation indicated that the kunun gyada powder was slightly oily to touch. The product was rated low for overall acceptability base on sensory evaluation by consumers under a 5-point hedonic scale. The powder was observed to be oily which might have hurt the panelist overall assessment of the product. Due to this, the kunun gyada powder was modified to contain 5 % maltodextrin and was investigated for consumer acceptability and storage stability. The product was stable during storage, the colour of the maltodextrin-added product was significantly lighter (L* was 76.31%). The viscosity of the product also increased from 15.75 to 17.12 mPa.s. The addition of maltodextrin improved the product's overall acceptability significantly from 2.72 to 3.89 based on a five-point Hedonic scale.

Quality property of beverage drink from Tiger nut milk, malted yellow maize blend

Quality property of beverage drink from Tiger nut milk, malted yellow maize blend

Microbial Assessment of Kunu Sold in Awka Metropolis

Kunu is a non-alcoholic Nigerian beverage produced locally from cereals and has been widely accepted as a nutritional drink. The need for evaluation of its nutritional and safety status is very much essential. This work was carried out to determine the microbiological quality of “kunu-zaki” beverages sold in Awka metropolis. Three samples of “kunu-zaki” beverages were obtained from three different locations in Awka, Anambra state namely; Amansea, Eke-Akwa and Amawbia, labelled P, Q and R, respectively. These samples were tested for both bacterial and fungal contamination. The results show that for the colony counts from the Kunu samples ranged from 0.5×105 to 3.2 ×105 for total coliform bacteria, 2.5×105 to 4.2×105 for total heterotrophic fungi for the three samples analyzed. Bacterial isolates identification revealed the presence of Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sp, while the fungal isolates include; Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp, Fusarium sp and Saccharomyces sp. The data revealed that all the Kunu drinks sold within the study area were contaminated and also contained different pathogenic microorganisms which can serve as sources of infections to human. Therefore, proper hygienic and sanitary measures need to be enforced during production, processing and packaging of this local beverage drink.

Corn protein isolate: Characteristic analysis, functional properties, and utilization in beverage formulation

The study demonstrates the analysis of novel protein isolated from corn oil cake. The protein has been extracted from the industrial by-product and was formulated to make out a supplement that could potentially solve the malnourished cases. The protein was extracted using isoelectric precipitation method. The functional properties of the extracted protein isolates that include its bulk density, flow properties, emulsifying properties, oil and water absorption capacity, and protein solubility were determined. Further instrumental analyses, including FTIR, SEM, XRD, and color analysis were performed to reveal the physical properties of proteins. After the study of proteins, the end product protein isolates were formulated into a protein-based beverage drink. At the end of the research, we perceived the potential of corn oil cake protein isolates in the role of alternative nutrition source and in new product development. Novelty impact statement Since there is an increased awareness on protein intake and the prevalence of protein malnutrition in developing and under developed countries, this research focuses on identifying novel protein sources to meet the increasing demand. In the present study, functional properties and utilization of corn protein isolates for beverage formulation was conducted. The results obtained in the study showcases the novelty of the research and clearly concludes that corn protein isolates are good to be used as food additives like foaming, emulsifying, oil-binding agent, and also it can be utilized as a protein supplement to prepare many protein enriched product.

Rational design of platinum assimilated 3-D zinc cobalt oxide flowers for the electrochemical detection of caffeine in beverage and energy drink

In this work, platinum nanoparticles (Pt) decorated on a spinel group, zinc cobalt oxide (ZnCo2O4) 3-D flower was intended to detect caffeine electrochemical sensor. Pt particles were used to enhance the performance of hydrothermally prepared 3-D ZnCo2O4 flower. So Pt nanoparticles were decorated on each thin nanosheet of self-assembled 3-D flower-like ZnCo2O4. The thin transparent nanosheet of the ZnCo2O4 flower will benefit electrochemical sensors by simplifying its ion exchange. Therefore, Pt@ZnCo2O4 shows an excellent electrochemical conductivity, which promotes the caffeine-based sensor's rapid electrochemical oxidation. Using amperometric i-t at an applied potential of 1.45 V, Pt@ZnCo2O4 modified electrode shows widespread of two linear ranges (0.05 to 265.55 μM and 295.55 to 757.55 μM) with a low detection limit (0.0114 and 0.01657 μM) and high sensitivity (3.419 and 1.862 μA μM−1 cm−2). Moreover, good results were obtained for the real-time detection of caffeine in sugar-free cola beverage and energy drink samples. Henceforth, the developed method could be an ideal way to detect caffeine in real samples.

Short-term consumption of alcohol (vodka) mixed with energy drink (AMED) attenuated alcohol-induced cerebral capillary disturbances and neuroinflammation in adult wild-type mice

ABSTRACT Background: The ingestion of combinatory Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink (AMED) beverages continues to increase markedly, particularly among young adults. Some studies suggest detrimental health effects related to the combination of alcohol with energy drink formulations; however, the consumption of AMED has not been investigated in context of the cerebral microvasculature or neuroinflammation. We hypothesized that cerebral capillary integrity and glial cells are particularly vulnerable to the combination of AMED. Methods:12-week old wild-type C57BL/6J mice were orally gavaged with either vehicle (water), alcohol (vodka), an energy drink (MotherTM), or a combination AMED, daily for five days. Thereafter, mice were sacrificed, blood alcohol concentrations were analysed and cryosections of brain specimens were subjected to confocal immunofluorescent analysis for measures of cerebral capillary integrity via immunoglobulin G (IgG), and markers of neuroinflammation, ionized-calcium-binding-adaptor-molecule 1 (Iba1) and Glial-Fibrillary-Acidic-Protein (GFAP). Proinflammatory cytokines, IL-2, IL-17A, IFN-ϒ, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10, were also measured in serum. Results: Consistent with previous studies, cerebral capillary dysfunction and astroglial cell activation were markedly greater in the alcohol-only group (AO); however, the AO-induced effects were profoundly attenuated with the AMED combination. Mice maintained on AO and AMED interventions exhibited a moderate increase in microglial recruitment. There were no significant changes in pro-inflammatory nor anti-inflammatory cytokines in ED or AMED treated mice. Conclusion: This study suggests that paradoxically the acute detrimental effects of alcohol on cerebral capillary integrity and astrogliosis are counteracted with the co-provision of an ED, rich in caffeine and taurine and containing B-group vitamins.

A Visual Analysis of Advertisements in Feminism: Logics and Illogicality

This article discusses about the logics and illogicality in advertisements, most of the retailers are comfortable in manufacturing but they find it difficult to sell it in the market. In this juncture, advertisement comes with logics and illogicality just to grab attention of the consumers. Almost, in all field female models are being used for advertising to set a strong image in the market amidst the huge competition among the products. This paper comprises of three feminine advertisements under the category soft drink beverage, washing detergent and chocolate respectively. Women are mostly chosen by advertising agency to convey strong message or seek attraction from the consumers. This article unfolds the logics and illogicality on gender advertising particularly feminism and advertising together.

The Relationship Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Takeaway Dietary Pattern, and Psychological and Behavioral Problems Among Children and Adolescents in China.

Background and Aim: The association of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and takeaway dietary pattern with psychological problems in Chinese children and adolescents has not been concretely reported. Our study aimed to investigate the association between SSB consumption, takeaway dietary pattern, and psychological and behavioral problems (PBPs).Methods: Cluster sampling method has been adopted from April to May 2019 to conduct a questionnaire survey among 30,188 children and adolescents in grades 1 to 12 from 14 schools in six streets in Bao'an District of Shenzhen. This cross-sectional study investigated the association of consumption of SSBs and takeaway patterns with PBPs, and PBPs were measured by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in primary, junior, and senior high school students.Results: A total of 33,801 primary, junior, and senior high school students (mean age = 12.44, SD = 3.47) ranging from 6 to 18 years old were recruited in this study using a health survey of children and adolescents in junior and senior high schools (grades 1–12), and 30,188 students with no missing data were finally analyzed (questionnaires with missing value >5% were excluded). The top three SSBs in the intake frequency were milk beverage drinks (not milk), vegetable protein drinks, and fruit and vegetable juice drinks. Adjusted for demographic factors, the higher the frequency of students consuming SSBs who have significantly higher PBPs, the higher the frequency of students with takeaway dietary patterns who also have significantly higher PBPs. More frequent intake of SSBs [odds ratio (OR) = 2.23, 95%CI = 2.0–2.47, p < 0.01] and higher takeaway dietary patterns (OR = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.81–3.03, p < 0.01) were associated with higher SDQ total difficulties scores. When low and medium consumption of SSB was compared, children and adolescents who have high SSB intake were more associated with total difficulties score (OR = 3.10, 95%CI = 2.67–3.59, p < 0.01), and when low and medium takeaway dietary patterns were compared, children and adolescents who have high takeaway dietary patterns were more associated with total difficulties score. The joint associations of SSBs and takeaway pattern with SDQ were stronger than the associations individually.Conclusions: Students consuming higher SSBs and having takeaway dietary pattern are associated with increased levels of PBPs individually and interactively. These results may have implications for mental health prevention in adolescents.

Utilization Of Beverage Cans Waste As A Metal Matrix Composite

Waste of beverage cans has not been utilized properly so far and it tends to cause environmental _pollution. Thus, the efforts are required to utilize the waste material from these cans into useful or advance product. Currently, there are many technological advancement applications requiring such components that have mild but good in mechanical properties. This work tries to the utilize the soft drink beverage cans waste as a main raw material. By utilizing the heat at temperatures above recrystallization accompanied by nitrogen infiltration to inhibit porosity, followed by the addition of magnesium as a wetting agent. The combination of those materials will facilitate in improving the produced mechanical properties. The utilization of beverage cans as a metal matrix composites is expected to be able to maintain environmental balance, because it cannot be naturally degraded . In this work, the beverage cans serve as a matrix, the alumina (Al2O3) of 10-20 vol.% used as reinforcement, and magnesium (Mg) of 14-16 % of weight percent as a wetting agent. The result shows that the composition combination of 20 vol.% of weight percent Al2O3 and 14 vol.% of weight percent Mg produces the highest mechanical properties and evenly distributed constituent. Thus, the_waste of beverage cans based on aluminum AA3104 is highly recommended to be used as a matrix combined with reinforcement of Al2O3 and wetting agent of Mg. It is proposed that by using beverage cans waste as metal matrix composite (MMC),the land pollution can be reduced and environmental balance can be enhanced properly.

Therapeutic Potential of Tea (Camellia sinensis) Against Oral and Intestinal Microbial Flora

The tea powder produced from plant Camellia sinensis (L), is popular as a daily beverage drink among the Indian population. The tea plant produces large number of metabolites which are of medicinal value. In the present study, the activity of tea leaf extract was studied by disk diffusion method against the bacterial strains, Streptococcus mutans, Enterobacter fecalis, Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Psudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the oral swab. From the disk diffusion assay, the tea extract has shown better activity against S. mutans and P. aeruginosa at the concentration, 25 mg/ml. It is effective agaisnt E. fecalis and S. aureus at higher concentration, 75 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml. Thus, the tea leaf can be considered as effective antibacterial agent against the oral pathogens.&#x0D; Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 9(2): 107-112.&#x0D; .

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors leading to Diabetes Mellitus among the Young (YOD) from the 8th Philippine National Nutrition Survey.

ObjectivesThis study looked into the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and risks for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases among young adults with diabetes (age 20-44 years old, YOD) and late-onset DM (≥45 years old, LOD) in Filipinos.MethodologyWeighted data from 546,580 adults with DM from the 8th Philippine National Nutrition and Health Survey (NNHeS) were utilized. Differences in sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical profiles and metabolic risks were compared between YOD and LOD.ResultsThe aggregated prevalence of DM is 5.43% (95%CI, 5.10–5.79), YOD were 2.64% (95% CI, 2.32–3.00) and LOD 9.85% (95%CI, 9.18–10.56). Mean age of YOD was 37,6 years, LOD 59,9 years. The YOD were mostly males (56%), with higher BMI (26.24 kg/m2 vs 25 kg/m2, p=0.002), lower mean SBP (122.41±19.17 mmHg vs 135.45±22.47 mmHg, p<0.001), more daily smokers (23% vs 14%), and alcoholic beverage drinkers (39% vs 31%). Physical activity was similar between groups (44% vs 51%, p=0.078). However, average total caloric intake (1776.78±758.38 kcal vs 1596.88±639.16 kcal, p=0.023) and carbohydrate intake (306.13±142.16 grams vs 270.53±104.74 g, p=0.014) were higher in YOD. Dietary carbohydrate proportions were higher than recommended (69% vs 68%) for both groups. Young Filipinos had higher risk to develop diabetes when they are obese II (22% vs 12%), current drinker (56% vs 37%), and current smoker (28% vs 18%). Eighty percent of YOD and LOD had metabolic syndrome (MetS). With every unit increase in age and fat intake, the odds of having MetS were raised by 5.4% (95%CI 1%–10%, p=0.029) and 1.6% (95%CI 0.04%-3%, p=0.044), respectively.ConclusionEarly-onset diabetes mellitus appears to be driven by obesity, MetS and social behaviors. Modifiable risk factors can be improved early to decrease hazards to develop cardiometabolic complications.

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption from 1998-2017: Findings from the health behaviour in school-aged children/school health research network in Wales.

To date no study has examined time trends in adolescent consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks, or modelled change in inequalities over time. The present study aimed to fill this gap by identifying historical trends among secondary school students in Wales, United Kingdom. The present study includes 11-16 year olds who completed the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey and the Welsh School Health Research Network (SHRN) survey between 1998 to 2017. Multinomial regression models were employed alongside tests for interaction effects. A total of 176,094 student responses were assessed. From 1998 to 2017, the prevalence of daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption decreased (57% to 18%) while weekly consumption has remained constant since 2006 (49% to 52%). From 2013 to 2017, daily consumption of energy drinks remained stable (6%) while weekly consumption reports steadily decreased (23% to 15%). Boys, older children and those from a low socioeconomic group reported higher consumption rates of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks. Consumption according to socioeconomic group was the only characteristic to show a statistically significant change over time, revealing a widening disparity between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption rates of those from low and high socioeconomic groups. Findings indicate a positive shift in overall consumption rates of both sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks. Adolescents from a low socioeconomic group however were consistently shown to report unfavourable sugar-sweetened beverages consumption when compared to peers from high socioeconomic group. Given the established longer term impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage and energy drink consumption on adolescent health outcomes, urgent policy action is required to reduce overall consumption rates, with close attention to equity of impact throughout policy design and evaluation plans.

Development, quality assessment and antioxidant properties of cocoa based beverage produced from vegetable milk

Developing countries are faced with the challenge of diet related diseases like diabetes mellitus, cancer, cardiovascular diseases and inadequate protein in their diet. The common beverage produced from animal milk was reported to have bad cholesterol which may lead to hypertension, hence the need to develop beverage from plant sources. Cocoa based beverage was developed from of Tigernut tubers (Cyperus esculentus), Soybean (Glycine max) and Alkalized Cocoa Powder sweetened with either natural or synthetic sweeteners (Date syrup, Sucrose and Aspartame). A commercially available sample was used as control. Physicochemical, amino, fatty, antioxidant properties and sensory evaluation were carried out using standard methods. The protein content of the formulated beverage ranged from 3.12g/100g in TCSW to 9.58g/100g in TCS and were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) than TSBD (2.12g/100g) which was the control sample ;while Energy values (Kcal) ranged from 84.529kcal/100g in SCS to 468.51kcal/100g in TCS. The total phenolic content ranged from 136.11mg/g in SCS to 161.37mg/g in TCDS but was slightly lower than TSBD (165.85mg/g). In conclusion, the study established that the formulated beverage exhibited high amino acid profile and low fatty acid composition; hence the beverage drink may be suitable as functional foods for both old and young.

Frequency of Carbonated Beverage Drinking, Knowledge Regarding its Risks on Health and Association with Bone Mineral Density in Medical Students

Background: The carbonated drink manufacturing companies has set young school/college going children as their primary target customers who are consuming it on daily basis and frequency of drinking vary depending on affordability and need. The consumption of carbonated drink has been increased recently that has led us to think about its unwanted effects on health. It has been identified that consuming more carbonated drinks may cause low bone mineral density.&#x0D; Objectives: To identify the frequency of consumption of carbonated drinks in medical students and to assess the knowledge regarding adverse effects of theses drinks and association of BMD.&#x0D; Methodology: It was a cross sectional study conducted at Baqai Medical University Karachi from May to August 2020. Students of MBBS 4th year and BDS final year were approached, sample size was calculated at 50% precision of total population i.e 100 participants were recruited by convenient sampling from the mentioned classes. Preformed questionnaire was administered to identify the frequency and knowledge regarding the subject and bone mineral density through Single x-ray absorptiometry (SXA).&#x0D; Results: The study participants almost (90%) were aware of the name carbonated drink of, 85.5% were aware regarding the harmful effects, and 75.5% were having knowledge about the ingredients. Majority were aware regarding health related effects but they were not having knowledge about names of the specific diseases. There was no significant (0.079) association between carbonated drink consumption and BMD.&#x0D; Conclusion: Students were aware of health related hazards caused by carbonated drinks there was no association of carbonated drink consumption and BMD.

차음료의 원료식물, 식물화학성분, 약리학적 효능에 대한 빅데이터를 적용한 지식지도

This study deals with constructing knowledge maps using social network analysis, which is one of the data analytics techniques. A total of 892 scientific journals related to tea beverage drinking were used as the raw data to build two knowledge maps. One map showed the association between the plant raw material and phytochemical ingredients, while the other presented the association between the phytochemical ingredients and the pharmaceutical efficacy. The two knowledge maps used hierarchy to identify the relationship between the plant raw material and its pharmaceutical efficacy and applied the concept of centrality and cohesion. Data analysis indicated that the tea (Camellia sinensis), citrus, dandelion plants showed a high centrality and predominance. Furthermore, the phytochemical ingredients with a high centrality were phenols, flavonoids, and vitamin C. Pertaining to the pharmaceutical efficacy, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial functions showed a high centrality. Therefore, this study confirmed the usefulness of tea ingredients through the knowledge maps linking the plant raw material, phytochemical ingredients, and pharmaceutical efficacy. Our findings provided insights into future directions for tea product development in the food industry.

Eating and drinking habits and its association with obesity in Japanese healthy adults: retrospective longitudinal big data analysis using a health check-up database.

Few longitudinal studies have evaluated the association between eating and drinking habits and the risk of obesity. Therefore, we conducted a 5-year longitudinal big data analysis for evaluating various eating and drinking habits and the risk of obesity. We analysed individuals without obesity who received medical check-ups from 2008 to 2012 and 5 years later from the JMDC Health check-up database. The primary outcome was the incidence of obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), and the secondary outcome was the incidence of abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 85 cm for men and 90 cm for women). Age- and sex-adjusted, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Of 123182 individuals without obesity at baseline, the median age was 45 (interquartile range 40, 51) years and 76965 (62·5 %) were men. After 5 years, 7133 (5·8 %) people developed obesity and 12725 (10·3 %) people developed abdominal obesity. Among six eating and drinking habits, skipping breakfast was associated with a higher risk of obesity (OR 1·21; 99 % CI 1·10, 1·34). In contrast, occasional (OR 0·86; 99 % CI 0·78, 0·94) or daily (OR 0·79; 99 % CI 0·68, 0·91) drinking of alcoholic beverages was associated with a lower risk of obesity. According to the 5-year longitudinal data, eating and drinking habits such as mild to moderate alcohol consumption and avoiding skipping breakfast may result in better obesity prevention. However, excess alcohol consumption would be harmful and should be avoided.

Beverage Consumption of Children and Adolescents Aged 6-17 Years - China, 2016-2017.

What is already known on this topic?Beverage consumption has become a problematic dietary behavior in children and adolescents. Excessive drinking of beverages, especially sugary beverages, can increase the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, dental cavities, and diabetes.What is added by this report?This report revealed the beverage consumption rate was higher in males, in urban areas, and adolescents aged 12–17 years. The top three beverages by consumption rate were carbonated beverages (33.2%), milk-containing beverages (25.0%), and non-100% fruit and vegetable beverages (23.5%). Children and adolescents in China consumed beverages at a primary frequency rate of 1–3 times/week. Among children and adolescents aged 6–17 years who consumed beverages, the average amount was 193.8 g/d, and was higher in males (210.6 g/d), those in urban areas (204.7 g/d), and adolescents aged 12–17 years (259.0 g/d).What are the implications for public health practice?Children and adolescents are key periods of life to develop healthy dietary behaviors for individuals. The consumption of beverages by Chinese children and adolescents has shown to increase year over year. Parents, schools, and governments need to prioritize promoting health consumption of beverasges.

Preliminary Life Cycle Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions at Transportation Phase of a Beverage Drink for Green Logistics

As the transportation sector is one of the main emitters of large quantities of pollutions to the atmosphere, industries have been trying to cope with this issue and launch many campaigns or projects to reduce air pollutions. In any industries around the world, an electric vehicle is a part of alternative transportation mode which has recently experienced considerable growth. The paper aims to evaluate energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the food sector for the entire life cycle and particularly focusing on green road transportation. The focus of the analysis covers the mango powder drink mix transportation, distribution, and disposal aspects, especially for road transportation. The observed results showed that the electric vehicles have emissions reduction potential and consequently showed low impacts in Global Warming Potential (GWP) impact category. The environmental impact assessment identified that the primary source of energy use and GHG emissions was the transportation process from Hong Keaw plantation to King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL) (0.025 kgCO2eq).