Ziziphus Mauritiana Research Articles

Metabolite Profiling of Potential Fraction from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaves by LC-MS/MS Analysis

Metabolite Profiling of Potential Fraction from Ethyl Acetate Extract of Ziziphus mauritiana Leaves by LC-MS/MS Analysis

Phenolic Profile of Seedless Ziziphusmauritiana Fruits and Leaves Extracts with In Vivo Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities: Influence on Pro-Inflammatory Mediators.

The study aimed to assess the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities ofpolyphenol-rich extracts of seedlessvariety of Ziziphus mauritiana(SZM). Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographyanalysis of SZM leaves and fruit extracts in ethanol revealed the presence of sixteen phenolics including chlorogenic acid, p-coumeric acid, gallic acid, kaempferol and rutin. Leaf extract showed higher total phenolic and total flavonoid contents (177.6 mg/100 g and 46.2 mg/100 g) than in fruit extract (137.8 mg/100 g and 14.1 mg/100 g). The leaf extract exhibited higher DPPH radical-scavenging activity (63.5%) than the fruit extract (58.2%). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on carrageenan-induced rat model and suppression of inflammatory biomarkers (Interleukin-6, Tumor necrosis factor-α and CRP) were studied. The fruit extract exhibited inhibition (98.1%) at the doseof 500 mg/kg body weight (BW), comparable to the indomethacin (98.4%). Both extracts suppressed the inflammatory biomarkers, but pronounced results showed by the fruit extract including CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α. The leaf extract demonstrated the higher antioxidant potential as evident from the superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione levels. These findings suggest that SZM leaf and fruit extracts possess potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and can play a significant role in mitigating oxidative stress.

Postharvest application of sodium nitroprusside improves the quality of ‘Umran’ ber fruit under cold storage conditions by regulating enzyme activities

ABSTRACT Ber fruit is highly perishable, with a storage life of only 3–5 days under ambient conditions, which makes it difficult to transport the fruit even to domestic markets. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of postharvest treatment with sodium nitroprusside (50, 100 and 150 µM) on the storage life, quality attributes, bioactive composition and antioxidant enzyme contents of ‘Umran’ ber fruit. The treated fruit were stored for 28 days to investigate the effects of sodium nitroprusside after 7 days of cold storage at 7.5°C and 90–95% RH. It was found that fruit treated with 100 μM sodium nitroprusside experienced lower fruit weight loss and spoilage, maintained fruit firmness, and had a higher sensory quality, phenolic content, carotenoid content, soluble solids content, sugar content, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity than the control. Furthermore, the activities of the cell wall degrading enzymes polygalacturonase, polyphenol oxidase, pectin methyl esterase and catalase were lower, while the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzymes were higher in the treated fruit. Therefore, treatment with 100 μM sodium nitroprusside shows high potential for improving the storage life and maintaining the quality attributes of ber fruit for up to 21 days under cold storage.

Antifungal efficacy of photodynamic therapy on Cryptococcus and Candida species is enhanced by Streptomyces spp. extracts in vitro.

The research on actinobacteria isolated from traditional medicinal plants is limited. Here, four new Streptomyces isolates (Ha1, Pp1, UzK and UzM) were obtained from the rhizospheres of Helianthus annuus, Pongamia pinnata and Ziziphus mauritiana, frequently utilized in Indian traditional medicine. The Streptomyces isolates aqueous extracts were studied alone against the growth of the Cryptococcus neoformans H99 reference strain, the fluconazole-tolerant T1-5796 and 89-610 strains, three histone deacetylase (HDAC) genes mutant strains, C. gattii NIH198, Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Next, the extracts were employed in combination with aluminium-phthalocyanine chloride nanoemulsion-mediated photodynamic therapy to evaluate a possible interaction. We demonstrated that the C. neoformans T1-5796 fluconazole-tolerant strain was more severely inhibited by the Pp1 isolate extract (MIC: 6mg mL-1) than H99, which was not inhibited. Growth inhibition of the HDAC null mutants was more prominent for the extract of the UzM isolate, showing inhibition at 2mg mL-1. The UzM extract was also the most effective in hindering the Candida species proliferation, with MIC values ranging from 10 to 40mg mL-1. The four Streptomyces extracts, especially UzK and UzM, significantly enhanced the antifungal effect of the photodynamic therapy. Our results indicate these Streptomyces isolates as sources of novel metabolites which could potentiate the effect of photodynamic therapy in controlling yeasts superficial infections.

Effect of foliar application of PGR and nutrient on fruit drop, growth, quality and yield of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) cv. Apple Ber under Chhattisgarh plain condition

Effect of foliar application of PGR and nutrient on fruit drop, growth, quality and yield of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) cv. Apple Ber under Chhattisgarh plain condition

Antioxidant and antiamylase activities of leaf and root extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam

Ziziphus mauritiana Lam is a plant species widely used in Mali for its medical virtues to treat various diseases including Diabetes. The present study aims to examine the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of leaf and root extracts of Z. mauritiana Lam collected in Bamako. Phytochemical screening and assay were carried out using conventional methods. The DPPH test was used to evaluate the anti-radical activity, and the antidiabetic potential of the extracts was estimated via the α-amylase inhibition test. Characterization tests revealed the presence of free tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, triterpenes, alkaloids, saponins and anthraquinones in all our extracts. The root extracts revealed higher contents of polyphenols (561.40±22.4 to 218.00±30.2 mg EAG/g) and flavonoids (54.26±4.9 to 132.56±6, 82 mg EQ/g) whatever the solvent, with the exception of Ethyl Acetate. Ethanol extracts showed the best anti-radical potentiel. The IC50was 58.13±1.85 µg/mL for roots and 85.19±0.415 µg/mL for leaves. The results provide a better understanding of the medicinal properties of Z. mauritiana Lam and pave the way for management strategies for diabetes and diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Genomes of autotetraploid wild and cultivated Ziziphus mauritiana reveal polyploid evolution and crop domestication.

Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) holds a prominent position in the global fruit and pharmaceutical markets. Here, we report the assemblies of haplotype-resolved, telomere-to-telomere genomes of autotetraploid wild and cultivated Indian jujube plants using a two-stage assembly strategy. The generation of these genomes permitted in-depth investigations into the divergence and evolutionary history of this important fruit crop. Using a graph-based pan-genome constructed from eight monoploid genomes, we identified structural variation (SV)-FST hotspots and SV hotspots. Gap-free genomes provide a means to obtain a global view of centromere structures. We identified presence-absence variation-related genes in four monoploid genomes (cI, cIII, wI, and wIII) and resequencing populations. We also present the population structure and domestication trajectory of the Indian jujube based on the resequencing of 73 wild and cultivated accessions. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of mature fruits of wild and cultivated accessions unveiled the genetic basis underlying loss of fruit astringency during domestication of Indian jujube. This study reveals mechanisms underlying the divergence, evolution, and domestication of the autotetraploid Indian jujube and provides rich and reliable genetic resources for future research.

A Comparative Study of the Phenolic and Flavonoids Contents, and Antioxidant Activity of Ziziphus Mauritiana’s Leaves, Ripe and Unripe Fruit Extracts from UAE

This study evaluates the antioxidant properties of leaves, unripe and ripe fruits of Ziziphus mauritiana from the UAE. Phenolic compounds show a strong correlation with antioxidant activity, with the leaves exhibiting the highest efficiency. The results suggest that Ziziphus mauritiana leaves are a promising source of natural antioxidants with potential therapeutic applications.

Association between Physico Biochemical Parameters of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) cv. Umran under Cold Storage

Aim: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between the physical and biochemical attributes of Indian jujube or ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) cultivar Umran, affected by treatments applied after harvest and stored under cold storage conditions. Place and Duration: This investigation was conducted at Horticulture Department of SKN Agriculture University, Jobner in the month of February to March, 2019. Methodology: The fruits treated with calcium chloride (CaCl2) (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (20, 40 and 60ppm) while being maintained in cold storage. The experiment was carried out utilizing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of seven treatments and three replications. The study evaluated multiple attributes of fruits, such as physiological weight loss, marketability, pulp percentage, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, total sugars and reducing sugars. Results: The correlation analysis revealed a highly significant positive correlation between the weight of the fruit and various quality measures, such as marketability (r = 0.959), pulp percent (r =0.846), total soluble solids (r =0.947), titratable acidity (r =0.998), ascorbic acid (r =0.991), total sugars (r =0.980) and reducing sugars (r =0.963). While, a strong negative association was observed between the fruit's weight and PLW (r =-0.947). The linear regression model provides additional evidence for this relationship revealed that changes in fruit weight were responsible for a substantial amount of the differences observed in the evaluated quality attributes. The values of the coefficients of determination (r²) varied between 0.747 and 0.996. Conclusion: The strong correlations and regression model provide valuable insights for improving post-harvest handling and storage practices, leading to enhanced preservation of fruit quality during cold storage.

Assessment of biochemical attributes in various genotypes of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)

Assessment of biochemical attributes in various genotypes of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)

Novel Ziziphus mauritiana biodiesel-fuelled DICI engine characteristics enhancement by camphor oil blend and EGR

Novel Ziziphus mauritiana biodiesel-fuelled DICI engine characteristics enhancement by camphor oil blend and EGR

Preliminary Screening of Phytochemicals and Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plant Ber (<i>Ziziphus mauritiana</i> Lamark)

The most important genus in the Rhamnaceae family is Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk). Phytochemicals present in Ziziphus have antioxidant as well as antimicrobial properties. The present study aimed to detect various phytochemicals and evaluate the antibacterial activity in the Z. mauritiana leaf extracts. Leaves from 14 cultivars/germplasm/varieties of Z. mauritiana were used to explore the presence of various phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, phenols, saponins, protein, steroids, tannins, lignins, and reducing sugar. These phytoconstituents have antioxidant, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective activities. The preliminary antimicrobial activity screening of Ziziphus leaf extract against bacterial strains-Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), Salmonella abony (Gram-negative), E. coli DH5α (Gram-negative) were performed by using well diffusion method. The results of various phytochemicals like alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and amino acids were reported in all selected commercial varieties/cultivars/ germplasm. On the other hand, saponins were found completely absent in methanolic solvents of all varieties/cultivars. The aqueous and methanolic solvent leaf extract were tested for antibacterial activity at different concentrations (25mg/ml, 50mg/ml, and 100mg/ml) against the bacterial strains of B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. abony, and E. coli DH5α, respectively. This study showed that the phytochemicals extracted from Z. mauritiana leaves have potential antimicrobial activities.

Influence of Pre-harvest Application of NAA, Ca, and B on Fruit Drop, and Yield of Thailand Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana)

The present study was carried out to investigate the beneficial effects of the pre-harvest spray of NAA, calcium, and boron on fruit drop and yield of Thailand ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) at the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, AAU, Jorhat-13 during 2022-2023. The treatment T4 i.e. spraying with NAA @ 20 ppm + B @ 0.5% resulted in maximum fruit set (4.68%), lesser fruit drop (53.28%), the highest yield per tree (18.12 kg/tree), yield per hectare (24.16 t), the maximum thickness of pulp (1.94 mm) and pulp weight (62.25 g). Spraying of NAA 20 ppm in combination with Boron 5% is the most profitable approach for minimizing fruit drop and maximizing production.

Harnessing the Indigenous Fruit (Ziziphus Mauritiana) for Poverty Alleviation to Promote Inclusivity in Muzarabani Primary Schools

Harnessing the Indigenous Fruit (Ziziphus Mauritiana) for Poverty Alleviation to Promote Inclusivity in Muzarabani Primary Schools

Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Bark and Leaves: Extraction, Phytochemical Composition, In Vitro Bioassays and In Silico Studies.

In this work, homogenizer-assisted extraction (HAE) and maceration (MAE) were applied on leaves and bark of Ziziphus mauritiana using water and methanol (MeOH) as solvents. HAE and MAE extracts were compared through liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and evaluating the antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butrylcholinesterase (BChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. Considering the phytochemical contents and the bioassays results, the HAE extracts resulted favorably with larger content of phenolics and higher antioxidant activity. The MeOH extracts displayed the highest α-amylase inhibitory activity, with HAE MeOH leaf extract leading at 0.78 mmol acarbose equivalent (ACAE)/g. In conclusion, the study highlights that HAE can increase the extraction of phenolic and flavonoid from Z. mauritiana plant materials compared to maceration. Further research could explore the potential therapeutic applications of Z. mauritiana extracts, especially HAE MeOH leaf extracts, for their notable antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities, facilitating the way for the development of novel pharmaceutical interventions.

Evaluation of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) genotypes under semi-arid region of Haryana

Present study was carried out during 2020–21 and 2022–23 at Regional Research Station (CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana), Bawal, Haryana for characterizing 35 distinct ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.) genotypes by evaluating their 16 morphological attributes as growth habits, foliage and thorn characteristics. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Among selected genotypes, an upright growth pattern was reported in five genotypes, whereas, the most of the genotypes displayed a semi-erect growth habit. All the genotypes showed tomentose shoot surface. Further, four distinct leaf shapes were documented. Ovate leaf shape was exhibited by 15 genotypes, while 8 genotypes displayed oval and 6 genotypes showed cordate and obovate type leaf each. The maximum leaf blade length (10.63 cm) and width (7.31 cm) was recorded in Thar Sevika, while, the minimum size of leaf blade length was noticed in Sanori (6.95 cm) and width was found in Katha Bombay (3.86 cm). In response to branch thorniness, the less branch thorniness was found in Illaichi, Naki, Umran and Kaithali, while two genotypes revealed high branch thorniness (Tasbtso, Narkali). Only two types of thorn shape were noticed, as out of 35 genotypes, 21 had alternate curved thorn. Based on anthocyanin blush of immature fruit, genotypes Kathaphal, Sanori and Narkali had reddish blush on fruit. Further, theses genotypes were categorized into early, mid and late on the basis of fruit maturity. Six genotypes showed early maturing fruits, while 21 genotypes were mid-season and 8 were late maturing genotypes. The bunch bearing of fruit was noticed only in two genotypes (Jhajjar Selection and BS 2). It is worth highlighting that all these genotypes under study exhibited substantial variability across various morphological traits, which can potentially be attributed to genetic disparities stemming from the diverse ancestral species from which these cultivated genotypes originated.

STUDIES ON THE POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF SOME WEEDY FLORA OF NIZAMABAD DISTRICT OF TELANGANA STATE, INDIA

The present work is aimed to study the pollen morphology of weed plants by light microscopy (LM). Polleniferous material of eight weed plants viz., Mimosa pudica, Cleome viscosa, Tribulus terrestris, Lantana camara, Commelina benghalensis, Ziziphus mauritiana, Cardiospermum halicacabum and Datura stramonium were collected from in and around agricultural lands of Nizamabad district, Telangana, India during 2022-2023.The pollen features viz., shape, apertures and the sporoderm pattern was studied. The pollen grains studied showed spheroidal, sub- prolate, eu-oblate, oblate-spheroidal, oblate to per oblate shape. The apertural diversity include tricolporate, triporate, pantoporate and monosulcate condition. The Exine ornamentation is indicated by psilate in three species, striate in two, reticulate in another two species and one species possess microechinate pattern. The diversity in pollen features are helpful in the identification of the taxa at various levels. This study highlights the some of the common weed pollen morphological features useful to distinguish the species of weeds.

Characterization and Classification of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) Growing Soils of Rewari District, Haryana

Characterization and Classification of Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) Growing Soils of Rewari District, Haryana

Optimizing land use for climate mitigation using nature based solution (NBS) strategy: a study on afforestation potential and carbon sequestration in Rajasthan, India

Rajasthan faces significant environmental challenges, including the pressing need for effective climate change mitigation strategies. Recognizing afforestation as a vital tool in this endeavor, this study leverages the latest in remote sensing and geospatial analysis to map out the state's afforestation potential. The goal is to assess land suitability across Rajasthan for afforestation projects and evaluate the potential carbon sequestration capabilities of different tree species. This aims to inform sustainable land management strategies that can contribute to climate change mitigation. By integrating satellite imagery, land cover data, terrain analysis, and vegetation indices, the study evaluates environmental factors such as slope, soil moisture, and vegetation health to identify areas optimal for tree planting. A carbon sequestration model was also developed to estimate sequestration rates based on species-specific growth patterns. Findings indicate that approximately 40% of Rajasthan is suitable for afforestation, with potential carbon sequestration rates ranging from 2 to 8 tons per hectare per year. Species such as Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Prosopis cineraria (Khejri) are identified as particularly effective for short-term sequestration, while Phyllanthus emblica (Amla) and Ziziphus mauritiana (Ber) are better suited for long-term carbon capture. This research highlights the importance of targeted afforestation using suitable tree species as a nature-based solution (NBS) for climate change mitigation in Rajasthan. The study offers a data-driven approach to enhancing ecosystem resilience and supports decision-making for climate adaptation in arid regions, highlighting the significant potential of Rajasthan's land for carbon sequestration through afforestation.

Antibacterial assessment of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam on inhibition of the growth and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans

Antibacterial assessment of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam on inhibition of the growth and biofilm of Streptococcus mutans