Benign Cystic Teratoma Of Ovary Research Articles

Dermoid cyst of ovary: A common pathology with an uncommon presentation

Mature cystic teratoma of ovary is the most common germ cell tumour and also the most common tumour of the ovary. It accounts for more than 20% of all the ovarian neoplams. In spite of it being so common, the cut section of such a tumour containing multiple sebaceous balls of varying sizes is quite a rare presentation. Extensive literature search has revealed only few such cases reported in the practice of gynaecology. Here, we present a case of benign cystic teratoma of ovary in a 30-year-old lady with similar presentation.

Rare case of BRAF V600E mutant anaplastic pleomorphic xanthroastrocytoma in a 5-year survivor of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

A 20-year-old woman with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated at 13 years old with radiation and chemotherapy and a benign cystic mature ovarian teratoma diagnosed at 18 years...

Epidermoid Polycystic Ovaries and Uterine Hypoplasia in a Cow

Background: Ovarian cysts originate from mature follicles that do not ovulate within the predicted time according to the oestrous cycle. Dermoid cysts are structures lined by keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, without adjacent epidermal structures, filled by keratinic debris and amorphous proteinaceus material. They are small, located below the cortex, near the hilus. There is controversy regarding the teratogenicity of the dermoid cyst. Some authors use the nomenclature of benign cystic ovarian teratoma, others, reports that although the fibrous wall and histological features are similar to teratomas, it is not associated with this germ cell-derived neoplasia.Case: Ovaries and uterus were received from a female, adult bovine, Nelore, from a slaughterhouse. The left ovary measured 6.5x5.0x3.9 cm and weighed 80 g; the right ovary measured 5.7x3.7x3.0 cm and weighed 60 g. Grossly, the ovaries were similar, presenting floating consistency, multilobulated and pointed aspect, and at the cut surface, there was extravasation of mucopurulent content of whitish colour. Regarding to the uterus, macroscopically, the uterine horns were infantile and decrease in the diameter. Fragments of the tissues were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological examination and the staining of the slides was done with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopically, in the ovaries, it was observed rare vestigial elements of ovary identifying an atresic follicle. Polycystic formation with cysts exhibiting partial or total coating of a keratinized squamous epithelium was also observed. In the lumen abundant keratinous material was present. The uterine microscopy revealed compact endometrium with areas variably infiltrated by lymphocytes, plasmocytes and occasional neutrophils. Areas devoid of endometrial glands were observed, in addition to other areas with reduced quantity and size. Also, the myoepithelial layer was thin and enlargement of the endometrial vascular space was noted.Discussion: Only one study was found reporting three cases of unilateral dermoid cyst in bovine ovary, also from slaughterhouse. Dermoid cysts appear most often in Zebu cattle. Clinically, these cysts do not necessarily result in infertility and do not interfere in the ovarian functions, due to this, the ovaries are not referred for histopathology examination, which difficult its classification. However, in this study the histological examination showed the absence of follicular development, which characterizes infertility, including endocrine dysfunction. Macroscopically ovarian dermoid cysts are similar to abscesses. It has a viscous or milky content inside and, at the cut surface, usually the content project to the surface. Histologically, there are dilated cysts containing material in the lumen at various stages of keratinization conferring a lamellar aspect and a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. In this study, we observed pseudostratified epithelial lining containing cilia in addition to lumen keratin content, without follicles or adnexal structures, corroborating the findings in the literature. Also, it was observed uterine hypoplasia, which occurs due to failure of the development of the paramesonephric ducts during embryonic development. Ovarian dermoid cysts associated with uterine hypoplasia are infrequent in animals and, clinically, may not present changes in fertility and ovarian function.

HDLive ultrasound images of ovarian dermoid cysts: diagnostic accuracy

Objective: To demonstrate that the use of 3D/4D HDLive increases the image quality in the diagnosis of benign cystic ovarian teratomas. Materials and Methods: 3D/HDLive ultrasound (US) was used in 31 cases of suspected ovarian cystic teratoma using vaginal 2D US. The following pathognomonic images of mature cystic teratomas were considered for diagnosis: 1) a cystic, unilocular lesion with a densely echogenic tubercle (Rokitansky nodule); 2) a diffuse or partially echogenic mass usually demonstrating sound attenuation; 3) fluid-fluid/fat-fluid levels; 4) dermoid mesh with hyperechogenic calcifications indicating the presence of bone, teeth, or other ectodermally-derived structure; 5) multiple mobile spherical structures (fat globules). Results: Dermoids present a wide spectrum of images depending on the predominant tissue type. In the vast majority of cases there are dense echogenic structures that correspond to complex masses of fatty tissue, sebum, hair, epithelial remnants, along with cartilage or bone. If we catalogue all the images together, the pathognomonic of dermoid are: 1) cystic or solid cystic lesions with a Rokitansky nodule, with bone, teeth or cartilage (six cases, 22.2%); 2) a solid mass with or without attenuation that corresponds with pure sebum (five cases, 18.5%); 3) a diffuse mass with fine bands that correspond with hair inside sebum (four cases, 12.9%) and that may form meshes or plugs corresponding with a mixture of fat, sebum, and hair (three cases, 11.5%). Conclusions: HDLive U.S. provides some images of exceptional quality that enhance the definition of the structures of these tumors (fat, hair, cartilage, bone, etc.) compared to 2D/3D/4D.

A case of chemical peritonitis and pleuritis caused by spontaneous rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma that improved without surgical intervention.

Rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma may result in severe chemical granulomatous peritonitis, a condition mimicking peritonitis carcinomatosa, with patients complaining of common abdominal symptoms. As the precipitating cause of rupture is often indeterminate and the rupture itself is hard to recognize, it is difficult to differentiate from peritonitis of other etiologies, such as gastrointestinal malignancy. We report the case of a 72-year-old female who presented with recurrent pyrexia and abdominal distension. Laboratory data showed signs of inflammation and a high level of carbohydrate antigen 125. Imaging examinations showed left-side-dominant pleural effusion, ascites with peritoneal adhesions, and a left cystic ovarian teratoma. Repeat paracentesis of both the pleural effusion and ascites demonstrated exudative characteristics, but there was no indication of malignancy or signs of infection, including those of tuberculosis. Although exploratory laparotomy was then recommended for conclusive diagnosis and ruling out such gynecological malignancy, the patient declined. Fortunately, laboratory data, radiological images, and other clinical findings gradually improved over the following 12months. Moreover, a retrospective review of the computed tomography images revealed lipid particles in the ascites, indicative of teratoma rupture. The final diagnosis was chemical peritonitis and pleuritis caused by spontaneous rupture of the benign cystic teratoma. The present case was extremely rare with regard to its diagnosis and clinical progression. Our experience suggests that chemical peritonitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of peritonitis.

A huge dermoid cyst with thrombocytosis and preoperative intraperitoneal rupture: An unusual presentation

Benign cystic ovarian teratoma is the most common ovarian neoplasm accounting for 10-25% of ovarian tumors.They affect women of all age and particularly women of reproductive age group.They may present with a variety of symptoms ranging from being asymptomatic to pain abdomen, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, anorexia, loss of weight and shortness of breath. The complications associated with benign cystic teratoma are torsion (16%), malignant degeneration (2%), rupture (1-2%), and infection (1%). Its spontaneous or iatrogenic intraperitoneal rupture is associated with chemical peritonitis. A dermoid cyst has been associated with thrombocytosis in 30% of the cases.Hereby we present a case of huge ovarian dermoid cyst associated with thrombocytosis and spontaneous preoperative rupture with chemical peritonitis.

Benign Cytic Teratoma of Ovary Perforating into the Urinary Bladder: A Rare Case

Benign cystic ovarian teratoma is the most common ovarian neoplasm accounting for 10–25 % of ovarian tumors. Complications of cystic teratomas include torsion (16 %), malignant degeneration (2 %), infection (1 %), and rupture (1 %). It can rupture into the bladder, small bowel, rectum, sigmoid colon, vagina, abdominal wall, and peritoneal cavity. We report a case of ovarian dermoid perforating into the bladder and with a queer presentation with a tuft of hair projecting through the urethra while micturating.

Multiple and bilateral benign cystic teratomas of ovary with broad ligament leiomyoma: a case report

IJMBR is a highly brandable 5 letter .com name representing a site about health and research. It served as an online platform for the International Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Research, an open-access journal meant to promote quality research and publication in medical sciences.

Hashimoto's disease in a bilateral benign cystic ovarian teratoma: a case report

A wide array of tissues derived from all the three germinal layers is seen in ovarian teratomas. Among these, thyroid tissue is present in 10% cases of all mature cystic teratomas. We report this case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a clinically euthyroid patient who tested positive for antithyroid peroxidase antibodies in spite of normal thyroid hormone profile. While the histological features of several disorders of thyroid tissue may be discovered, Hashimoto's thyroiditis is extremely rare finding in ovarian teratomas.

Spontaneous Rupture of Benign Ovarian Cystic Teratoma in a Premenarcheal Girl

Background Spontaneous rupture of benign cystic ovarian teratoma is an unusual occurrence. Case A 9-year-old girl presented with acute onset of abdominal pain. Under a radiological diagnosis of cystic ovarian teratoma, she underwent laparoscopic cystectomy, preserving as much ovarian tissue as possible. Direct observation of a defect on the tumor surface and the presence of keratinized squamous cells in the ascites were important clues for intraperitoneal rupture. Pathologically, the defect was surrounded by inflamed tissues adjacent to the gastric mucosa, suggesting that autolysis of the wall by proteolytic enzymes induced the spontaneous rupture. Summary and conclusion We present the youngest and first premenarcheal case of spontaneous rupture of cystic ovarian teratoma. Early diagnosis and minimally invasive surgical procedure are essential to preserve future fertility.

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with male accessory sexual glands including seminal vesicles, prostatic tissue, and bulbo-urethral glands: a case report

We present an extremely rare case of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma with structures of male accessory sexual glands. The patient was a 30-year-old woman. A unilocular cystic tumor, measuring 5 cm in the largest diameter, was found in her right ovary and was removed. The teratoma contained epidermis, skin appendages, respiratory and intestinal epithelia, cartilage, muscle, and nervous and connective tissue. In addition to these histologically mature tissues, there were nodules with prostatic acini, prostate duct-like structures strongly positive for prostate-specific antigen and acid prostatic phosphatase, structures resembling Cowper's glands, and seminal vesicles surrounded by fibromuscular stroma. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the English literature describing seminal vesicles associated with prostatic tissue and bulbo-urethral glands in a mature ovarian teratoma.

Malignant Degeneration in a Mature Cystic Teratoma of Ovary A Case Report

Malignant transformation of benign cystic teratoma of ovary is rare and the mostcommon malignancy encountered is squamous cell carcinoma. The diagnosis is rarelymade preoperatively and the prognosis is usually poor. Here we report a case ofsquamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid in a 44 years old lady who presentedwith bilateral dermoid cysts. The preoperative findings, surgical approach andadjuvant therapy are discussed.Key Words: Malignant transformation, benign cystic teratoma, squamous cell carcinoma.

Lipogranuloma peritonealis caused by spontaneous rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma

Lipogranuloma peritonealis caused by spontaneous rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma

Cytology of germ cell tumors

BACKGROUND Germ cell tumors (GCTs) and their metastases may be found in numerous sites that are accessible to cytologic sampling, and many are responsive to chemotherapy. METHODS The authors reviewed 20 examples of GCT cytology from 16 males and 3 females ranging in age from 1.5 to 61 years (median, 34 years). With two exceptions, one benign cystic ovarian teratoma in which intraoperative cytology was used to diagnose an associated adult-type carcinoma and one undescended testis in which seminoma presented as an abdominal mass, the material reviewed included no examples of primary gonadal GCT. RESULTS The authors studied 7 primary and 13 metastatic GCTs; these studies were based on 13 in vivo aspirations, 4 intraoperative preparations, and 3 samples of body cavity fluids. All samples were correctly interpreted as malignant, and only one was incorrectly classified as a non-GCT malignancy. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and cytologic findings are useful in the diagnosis of GCTs and their metastases. Incorrect interpretation of these neoplasms as poorly differentiated malignancies of other types may deprive the patient of effective chemotherapy. Air-dried, Romanowsky-stained smear material and cell block sections may contribute to the resolution of diagnostic dilemmas. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 1997; 81:220-7. © 1997 American Cancer Society.

Cytology of germ cell tumors

Germ cell tumors (GCTs) and their metastases may be found in numerous sites that are accessible to cytologic sampling, and many are responsive to chemotherapy. The authors reviewed 20 examples of GCT cytology from 16 males and 3 females ranging in age from 1.5 to 61 years (median, 34 years). With two exceptions, one benign cystic ovarian teratoma in which intraoperative cytology was used to diagnose an associated adult-type carcinoma and one undescended testis in which seminoma presented as an abdominal mass, the material reviewed included no examples of primary gonadal GCT. The authors studied 7 primary and 13 metastatic GCTs; these studies were based on 13 in vivo aspirations, 4 intraoperative preparations, and 3 samples of body cavity fluids. All samples were correctly interpreted as malignant, and only one was incorrectly classified as a non-GCT malignancy. Clinical and cytologic findings are useful in the diagnosis of GCTs and their metastases. Incorrect interpretation of these neoplasms as poorly differentiated malignancies of other types may deprive the patient of effective chemotherapy. Air-dried, Romanowsky-stained smear material and cell block sections may contribute to the resolution of diagnostic dilemmas.

Targeted overexpression of Bcl-2 in ovaries of transgenic mice leads to decreased follicle apoptosis, enhanced folliculogenesis, and increased germ cell tumorigenesis.

We have generated transgenic mice overexpressing Bcl-2, an apoptosis suppression protein, in ovarian cells using the inhibit-alpha gene promoter/enhancer. Ovarian apoptotic DNA fragmentation induced in immature animals by a low dose (2 IU) of PMSG was suppressed by greater than 55% in transgenic mice compared to their wild-type littermates. Morphological and in situ DNA end-labeling analyses showed that granulosa cells in large antral follicles of wild-type animals undergo apoptosis, but most follicles in transgenic animals are healthy. When the animals were treated with a high dose (4 IU) of PMSG to stimulate follicular growth, spontaneous ovulation was observed in 14 of 23 (61%) of the transgenic animals, but in only 3 of 18 (17%) of wild-type siblings. Furthermore, transgenic females had a larger litter size (9.07 +/- 0.25 pups/litter; n = 29) than wild-type controls (7.54 +/- 0.26 pups/litter; n = 28; P < 0.01). These data suggested that decreased ovarian apoptosis in transgenic animals could lead to enhanced folliculogenesis and ovulatory potential. Moreover, aging transgenic mice are susceptible to the development of benign cystic ovarian teratoma (4 in 20 transgenic animals and 0 in 26 wild-type controls). Some tumor tissues showed respiratory and intestinal cell types, whereas others showed the development of central nervous system-like structures. Because the bcl-2 transgene in these animals is overexpressed in somatic cells, but not oocytes, these findings suggest that enhanced survival of selected somatic cells in transgenic mice could lead to germ cell tumorigenesis. Thus, overexpression of Bcl-2 protein in the ovary leads to decreased ovarian somatic cell apoptosis, enhanced folliculogenesis, and increased susceptibility to ovarian germ cell tumorigenesis in transgenic animals. The present mouse model allows future studies on intracellular signal pathways regulating follicular atresia and on the potential role of ovarian somatic cell factors in germ cell tumorigenesis.

Prostatic tissue in benign cystic ovarian teratomas

Benign prostatic tissue was found in three of 25 benign cystic teratomas of the ovary. Our finding may indicate that prostatic tissue in mature ovarian teratomas is more common than currently reflected in the literature.

Lipomatous Uterine Tumors

Lipomatous uterine tumors are rare benign neoplasms that can be difficult to differentiate from benign cystic ovarian teratomas. However, if a fat containing mass can be clearly identified to be of uterine origin, the diagnosis of a lipomatous uterine tumor can be made. We present two cases in which a lipomatous uterine tumor was suggested by ultrasound and confirmed by CT and magnetic resonance.

Identical twins with twisted benign cystic teratoma of the ovary

Case reports Case 1. T. L., a 24-year-old, Lumbee Indian, nulliparous woman, presented with a 2 week history of lower abdominal pain. She had been treated elsewhere for pelvic inflammatory disease with antibiotics and no improvement. Surgery had been recommended for her “infection.” When initially seen, she was afebrile. Physical findings were limited to the abdomen and pelvis. The abdomen was slightly protuberant with normal peristalsis and minimal spasm and guarding. There was some low abdominal tenderness without rebound. The uterus was of normal size. A left adnexal, irregular cystic mass extended from the anterior surface of the uterus to the left pelvic side wall. A right adnexal, exquisitely tender mass extended posteriorly to the uterus and into the cul-de-sac. Outpatient therapy of suspected pelvic inflammatory disease was continued with tetracycline. One week later, she was essentially asymptomatic and had been afebrile throughout the past week. Examination revealed the left adnexal mass to be mobile. The right mass was less tender but was fixed. One week subsequent to this, the left mass was interpreted as being completely mobile and cystic. Pelvic laparotomy for pelvic inflammatory disease or twisted ovarian cyst was performed on November 25, 1964, and revealed a twisted, infarcted, hemorrhagic, 12 cm, benign cystic teratoma of the right ovary. The left ovary was quite large and contained five separate benign cystic teratomas measuring from 1 to 8 cm in diameter. The right adnexa were removed, and multiple cystectomies were performed on the left ovary

In search of the elusive benign cystic ovarian teratoma: Application of the ultrasound “tip of the iceberg” sign

The benign cystic ovarian teratoma (dermoid) has distinctive ultrasonic features that differentiate it from other adnexal masses. The most frequent sign is the presence of highly reflective irregular solid components within a fluid-containing adnexal mass. In vitro scans of surgical specimens have shown that the strongly reflective echo pattern is caused by the hair and sebum within the dermoid. Calcium is often sparse or absent. Acoustic shadowing from the hair may totally obscure the back wall of a large, clinically evident mass; hence the term "tip of the iceberg" sign. Recognition of this sign reduces the possibility of a false negative interpretation and confusion with a "bowel gas pattern."