Benefits Of IT Research Articles

Environment Sustainable Computing (Green IT)-A Study

Green Computing refers to the process of maintaining eco-friendly computing infrastructure of any government or a private organizations. The study about and the practice of design, manufacture&usage is the first step in the process of initializing Green IT Act. It also includes disposing of computers, servers, printers, storage devices, and associated sub systems in an environmental friendly manner. The objectives of green computing act is to reduce the hazardous materials, increase the percentage of recyclable waste related to IT domain. The idea behind this is to maximize energy efficiency of a product life time. The benefits of Green IT Act is to recycle old equipment, reduce power consumption, adaption of virtualization concept over all.

Information technology capability and firm performance: Role of industry

Despite several calls for considering industry in the IS value research, few studies investigated the relationship between benefits of IT and industries. This study extends Chae et al. (2014) by investigating how industry influences the relationship between IT capability and business performance. Unexpectedly, it finds that the control group in the industries in which the "transform" IT strategic role dominates showed superior performance than the IT leader. Also, the IT leaders in the "automate" IT strategic industry did not exhibit better business performance than the control firms. We discuss the implications of these findings.

Measuring public value of e-governance projects in India: citizens’ perspective

PurposeMost of the existing studies in e-governance context have attempted to measure public value of projects in terms of quality of services provided, cost effectiveness of public organizations and extent to which public organizations are able to meet their social objectives. However, it is also important to explore variables influencing public value to pursue for attaining high public value from such projects. This paper aims to attempt to explore such variables based on Situation-Actor-Process (S-A-P) framework. In India, physical presence of citizens is still required at many public centers established for delivering a variety of government services. A citizen at the time of his visit to a public service center faces a situation, deals with different actors and is subjected to a set of processes. At the end of the service cycle, the citizen develops a perception about public value of the e-governance project. The paper aims at exploring the likely influence of “Improved Situation”, “Capability Level of Actors” and “Flexible Process Workflow” on “Public Value” of e-governance projects.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of a review of literature, variables likely to be influencing public value have been identified in terms of situation, actors and processes. A questionnaire was designed, and a survey conducted to measure public value and S-A-P-related variables in the context of two e-governance projects, namely, Passport Seva Project and Driving License Project in India. Survey data have been analyzed to study the influence of S-A-P-related variables on the public value of e-governance projects. Learning issues have been synthesized in terms of implications for practitioners as well as researchers for enhancing public value of e-governance projects.FindingsThe study has revealed that a citizen-centric e-governance project with observed high value of conceptualized S-A-P variables is expected to be characterized by high public value. The analysis has also reflected upon a need for an in-depth study to explore empirically validated linkages between S-A-P variables and public value of e-governance projects.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is based on a pilot study in the context of two citizen-centric e-governance projects. It is required to study more such projects for the purpose of validating the proposed framework and arriving at generalized findings.Practical implicationsThe study results are expected to sensitize practitioners to keep in view conceptualized variables related to situation, actors and processes while planning for citizen-centric e-governance projects. This may result in improved situation at the public service centers, better performance of employees and more flexible processes which may further help to increase the public value of such projects.Practical implicationsE-governance projects can perform a vital role in improving public value. In the context of India, a key objective of e-governance projects is to improve the service delivery of citizen-centric projects. The findings of the pilot study, based on the select two citizen-centric e-governance projects in India, reflect upon the likely relationship between public value and S-A-P variables. Thrust on improving situational aspects, as conceptualized in this study, is expected to improve comfort level of citizens while taking benefit of IT enabled services of government organizations. Better capability of actors at public organizations is likely to build trust and confidence among citizens toward these services. Adoption of flexible processes by public organizations is expected to ensure seamless delivery of services to citizens through alternate options. Enhanced delivery of services satisfies the need for improved public value and create positive attitude among society toward public organizations. It contributes to satisfaction level of citizens in terms of saving of time, money and efforts.Originality/valueA review of literature has revealed a few studies undertaken in recent past with focus on measurement of public value in e-governance context. This paper is based on a novel idea of exploring the likely relationship between conceptualized S-A-P-related variables and public value of citizen-centric e-governance projects. Recommendations based on learning issues are expected to trigger suitable interventions to generate high public value from such projects.

IT Governance and Benefit Models: Literature Review and Proposal of a Novel Approach

IT Governance and Benefit Models: Literature Review and Proposal of a Novel Approach

What Impact does Internet of Things have on Project Management in Project based Firms?

The highest benefit of IT spans through the enabling of personnel to attain their organizational goals. However, acquiring the IT skills that were not aware of in the past will boost and enhance the personnel for greater performance. IoT technology gives understanding from novel data generated and gives solutions. Therefore, allowing organizations to access new strategies via technological innovation will bring about efficiency and productivity with the project lifecycle. However, this project aimed at assessing the impact of IoT on PM in project-based organizations. A qualitative method of investigation was adopted through interviews and discussions with 9 selected respondents. The result shows the benefit and the usefulness of IoT in project-based organizations. This was assessed using the five project management model namely initiating, planning, executing, control and monitoring, and closing. It is established that the impact of IoT can be seen using any of the five stages. Hence, this study identifies the most critical elements of any project-based organization to include people, possessing on personnel and how their impact the invention of project-based organizations.

Exploring the adoption and implementation of discrete and integrated IT systems: a framework for analysis

Despite the substantial organisational benefits of integrated IT, the implementation of such systems – and particularly Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems – has tended to be problematic, stimulating an extensive body of research into ERP implementation. This research has remained largely separate from the main IT implementation literature. At the same time, studies of IT implementation have generally adopted either a factor or process approach; both have major limitations. To address these limitations, factor and process perspectives are combined here in a unique model of IT implementation. We argue that: the organisational factors which determine successful implementation differ for integrated and traditional, discrete IT; failure to manage these differences is a major source of integrated IT failure. The factor/process model is used as a framework for proposing differences between discrete and integrated IT. [Received 31 August 2009; Revised 30 April 2010; Accepted 26 October 2010]

Effects of health information technology on patient outcomes: a systematic review.

To systematically review studies assessing the effects of health information technology (health IT) on patient safety outcomes. The authors employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement methods. MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health (CINAHL), EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases, from 2001 to June 2012, were searched. Descriptive and comparative studies were included that involved use of health IT in a clinical setting and measured effects on patient safety outcomes. Data on setting, subjects, information technology implemented, and type of patient safety outcomes were all abstracted. The quality of the studies was evaluated by 2 independent reviewers (scored from 0 to 10). A total of 69 studies met inclusion criteria. Quality scores ranged from 1 to 9. There were 25 (36%) studies that found benefit of health IT on direct patient safety outcomes for the primary outcome measured, 43 (62%) studies that either had non-significant or mixed findings, and 1 (1%) study for which health IT had a detrimental effect. Neither the quality of the studies nor the rate of randomized control trials performed changed over time. Most studies that demonstrated a positive benefit of health IT on direct patient safety outcomes were inpatient, single-center, and either cohort or observational trials studying clinical decision support or computerized provider order entry. Many areas of health IT application remain understudied and the majority of studies have non-significant or mixed findings. Our study suggests that larger, higher quality studies need to be conducted, particularly in the long-term care and ambulatory care settings.

Measuring and improving patient safety through health information technology: The Health IT Safety Framework

Health information technology (health IT) has potential to improve patient safety but its implementation and use has led to unintended consequences and new safety concerns. A key challenge to improving...

Selecting a trusted cloud service provider for your SaaS program

Software as a Service (SaaS) offers major business and IT benefits that organizations are looking to take advantage of. SaaS adoption presents serious and unique security risks. Moving a company's sensitive data into the hands of cloud providers expands and complicates the risk landscape in which the organization operates.This paper highlights the significance and ramifications of a structured selection of a Cloud Service Provider (CSP) in achieving the required assurance level based on an organization's specific security posture. This paper proposes a holistic model, known as the Function, Auditability, Governability and Interoperability or FAGI, as an approach to help a Cloud Service Consumer (CSC) to engage and select a trusted CSP through four major decisions: Selecting a safe cloud that has adequate security functions; Choosing an auditable cloud via third-party certifications/assessments or self tests; Picking out a governable cloud that provides the required transparency; Opting for a portable cloud that ensures the desired portability.A case study reveals the FAGI approach offers an objective and efficient way to choose a qualified and trusted cloud service and in turn saves CSCs' time, effort, and grief.

Lateral Coordination Mechanisms and the Moderating Role of Arrangement Characteristics in Information Systems Development Outsourcing

Although increased information systems (IS) development outsourcing is the trend, many of these arrangements fail to meet client expectations. We take a coordination perspective and adopt an information processing lens used by prior organization theorists to conceptualize sets of formal structural and informal nonstructural mechanisms, and predict their positive impacts on the strategic IT benefits achieved by the client. Utilizing a strategic alliance lens, we also predict that two characteristics of the client-vendor arrangement will moderate the impacts of both sets of coordination mechanisms. We test our hypotheses using hierarchical regression techniques on field survey data collected from 141 IS managers in client firms, responsible for IS development outsourcing arrangements. We found that the implementation of both structural and informal mechanisms positively impact the client’s strategic IT benefits. In arrangements with greater resource provisioning by the vendor, the positive impacts of informal governance mechanisms are strengthened. In arrangements with higher values similarity, the positive impacts of structural governance mechanisms are strengthened, but the positive impacts of informal mechanisms are weakened. A post-hoc analysis of a mediation model reveals that values similarity also has a positive relationship to both structural and informal governance mechanisms. This study therefore provides empirical support for the validity of an information processing lens to theorize lateral mechanism solutions to the coordination challenges of IS development outsourcing. Implications for research and practice are discussed, including the need for future research to better understand how client managers evolve sets of formal and informal mechanisms over the life of an outsourcing arrangement to achieve strategic objectives for their IT organization.

Factors influencing adoption of Web 1.0, Web 2.0, and mobile technologies by the growth engine of the U.S. economy

Web 1.0, Web 2.0, and mobile technologies help small businesses to serve as the growth engine of the U.S. economy. We propose and test a model to compare the influence of organizational, environmental, and technological factors on the decision of small businesses owners, CIOs, and CEOs to select one set of technologies over the other. Results from structural equations modeling indicate that organizational (top management support, IT staff size, and IT budget), environmental (external support for IT adoption), and technological (perceived benefits of IT and perceived barriers to adopting IT) factors significantly influence the adoption of Web 2.0 by small businesses. All of the above factors except IT budget and perceived benefits fuel the adoption of Web 1.0 technologies. Despite perceiving barriers to adopting IT, small businesses owners, CIOs, and CEOs invest in mobile technologies. Top–management support and external support for IT adoption are the only factors positively affecting the adoption of all of the three sets of technologies considered in this study. We offer strategic suggestions to small businesses for selecting Internet and mobile technology–based solutions and services.

Management attitudes and technology adoption in long-term care facilities.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the attitudes of nursing home administrators and key managerial staff toward health information technology (health IT). This research is exploratory in nature, and applies qualitative case-study methodology to further understand health IT adoption by nursing homes through multiple in-depth semi-structured interviews of management, and direct observations of employee behavior at each participating facility. A modified Technology Acceptance Model is used to examine the attitudes and perceptions of administrators. This study finds that there are differences in the level of health IT adoption by nursing homes. While some administrators are aware of health IT and are implementing or updating their IT systems in a gradual but haphazard manner, others exhibited a lack of interest in implementing change. Overall, there is a lack of systematic planning and decision-making toward health IT adoption. Adoption is not evidence-based, instead driven primarily by real and perceived regulatory requirements combined with a lack of information about, or consideration of, the real costs and benefits of implementing health IT. Including six in-depth case studies, the sample for this study is small for generalizing the findings. Yet, it contributes to the literature on the slow process of health IT adoption by nursing homes. Moreover, the findings provide guidelines for future research. This study demonstrates that nursing home administrators must systematically plan the adoption of health IT, and such decision making should be evidenced-based and participatory so that employees can voice their opinions that could prevent future resistance. This study is original and advances knowledge on the reasons for the slow adoption of health IT in nursing homes. It finds that lack of adequate information regarding the utility and benefits of health IT in management adoption decisions can result in haphazard implementation or no adoption at all. This finding has significant value for policy makers' practitioners for improving accessibility of information regarding the use of health IT in nursing homes that could address the health IT adoption challenge in this industry.

Contributing Factors of Information Security Investments in South East Asia SMBs

This research aims to determine the contributing factors of information security investment by developing a theory-based conceptual model using Partial Least Square techniques to analyze the data collected from 500 IT decision-makers in Vietnamese small and medium sized businesses. The findings from the conceptual model, which is based on Technology-Organization-Environment framework, suggests that the drivers of organizational intention to invest in information security include the organization’s internal information, size, perceived IT benefits and manager’s knowledge about information security. By understanding more about the contributing factors of information security investment, practitioners could focus on such factors to make rational investment decision and improve their defense against the emerging cyber-crimes. On the other hand, the authors also hope to fill in the existing gap of information security management research area in which there are few studies investigating the drivers of information security investments.

Green IT Implementation: Intention and Actual behavior in Green IT

Over the last decade, the concern of environmental issues has gained special attention and businesses are taking initiatives to reduce their carbon footprints. Information Technology has its ubiquitous presence in most of the business process and it offers a potential means to tackle the environmental issues, thereby increasing the process efficiency with added advantage of cost reduction. Given the potential benefits of Green IT including the environmental benefits, it is surprising to note that the actual implementation of Green IT is at a very low scale. Therefore, it is important to study Green IT implementation aspects in modern day organizations. The research on factors that affect the intention to practice Green IT and the actual Green IT behavior is at its nascent stage. This paper attempts to come up with a Green IT implementation model with strong theoretical foundation. The base of the model rests upon Technology- organization-environment (TOE) theory, Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). It then studies the Green IT Behavior of a business school’s Computer Center to help validate and refine the theoretical model. The case study is longitudinal in nature and involves actual implementation of Grid Computing (Green Technology) in the computer center, thus providing practitioner insights on implementation of Green Technology.

Framework Based on Benefits Management and Enterprise Architecture

The relationship between Information Technology and Business has been growing, materialized through increasing investment in IT. This is typically considered a burden, as such companies have been seeking alternative supplying approaches like Outsourcing, Managed Services, or Cloud Computing. In this paper, the authors examine how investment is made and stress the balance that has to be reached between the expectations of the business versus the capabilities and cost of IT. A framework for assessing investments in IT that seeks to highlight the advantages of merging IT Benefits Management with an Enterprise Architecture is presented.

The Promise of IT: Educating the Federal Government

According to former US chief information officer Vivek Kundra, "Information technology should enable government to better serve the American people. But despite spending more than $600 billion on information technology over the past decade, the federal government has achieved little of the productivity improvements that private industry has realized from IT. The problem isn't in the technical training of IT professionals working for the federal government. Rather, we need to better educate the nonIT professionals among federal employees-in particular, those in management positions. They need to understand IT's role as a business-enhancing tool, even if the "business" here is serving the American people. This will require a major shift in government culture. To help promote such a shift, I suggest an IT curriculum for educating the federal government on realizing the benefits of IT. The goal is to develop partnership building blocks among the three groups that compose the federal government IT community: the cadre of IT professionals who provide critical IT services for the government, the nonIT workforce benefiting from such services, and the government leaders providing the overall vision that such services support.

Developing a B2B web site effectiveness model for SMEs

PurposeThe study examines SMEs' investment in B2B web sites and the relationship between organizational drivers such as adoption readiness and constraints and evaluation of investments. We investigate how these drivers influence the perception of B2B web site benefits and the effect a great understanding of issues has on stakeholder satisfaction in the investment.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach is used to test the hypotheses, which are developed from the literature. Following a pilot study, a survey of 1,000 Australian SMEs with B2B web sites is used to collect the data, which is analyzed using structural equation modeling techniques.FindingsFindings reveal the mediating relationships between organizational drivers and their influence on SMEs' perceptions of benefits and stakeholder satisfaction and support the B2B web site evaluation effectiveness model. Further insights show that SMEs do not understand the complementary nature of the organizational drivers that support strategic alignment and therefore fail to realize benefits from their web sites.Research limitationsLimitations of the research are noted and discussed with regard to constructs and the views of survey respondents.Practical implicationsResults suggest that SMEs consider reallocation and/or prioritization of resources and business objectives in order to improve their IT investment evaluation practices. This would have a direct impact on the level of IT benefits realized, and ultimately affect the degree of stakeholder satisfaction with B2B web site adoption.Originality/valueA key contribution is the development of a B2B web site evaluation effectiveness model that supports greater understanding of how SMEs can gain more value from their B2B web sites.

What will this decade bring?

What will this decade bring?

How to Improve the Evaluation Methods of IT Outcomes in Government Organizations: A Perspective of Benefits Realization

Information Technology represents substantial financial investment for government organization. However, it seems that the real goal of IT investment, which is to make government more efficient, effective, and responsible through IT systems, has not been seriously aware of in the government organizations. As a result, despite of large investment in IT over many years, substantial benefits accrued to the work, such as process innovation and work efficiency, have not actually occurred. In this paper, it is argued that, since IT benefits will not be realized without any effective benefits realization efforts, it is needed in IT evaluation to put more emphasis on the efforts. Therefore, it is suggested that appropriate IT evaluation can possibly work as a guideline for deriving the desired benefits through the IT investment. In this study, some of the well known approaches were reviewed about what IT evaluation and IT benefits realization efforts should be. Current evaluation method was analyzed from the perspective of benefits realization. On the basis of the analysis, this study leads to suggestions that improve the current ways of evaluating IT performance, helping government focus on realizing practical IT benefits at work.

Enabling a marketplace of clouds

Cloud computing promises to bring about a fundamental shift in the computer industry where consumers of IT enjoy on-demand access to massive compute capacity and producers of IT benefit from economies of scale and automation. We believe that the advantages of cloud computing will be best realized if there is a highly competitive marketplace. We describe our vision of a marketplace of clouds, discuss what is needed to make this vision a reality, and then describe what VMware is doing to help enable this marketplace model of cloud computing