Benefits Of Information Technology Research Articles

Ambulatory surgery centers׳ use of Health Information Technology

PurposeThe use of Health Information Technology is imperative to timely and quality patient care. Despite the projected benefits of information technology and the high frequency of physician office hand-offs to ambulatory surgery centers, it is not clear how, or even if, information technology is used internally by ambulatory surgery centers, or if it is used as patients transition to and from ambulatory surgery settings. MethodologyAn online survey of Wisconsin׳s ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) explored the use of Health Information Technology and Electronic Health Records to ascertain the extent of their use within the surgery centers and externally as patients move between outpatient settings. ResultsApproximately 47% of the participating surgery centers reported no use of Electronic Health Records. Thirty-Seven percent reported no access to, and no use of, any core Electronic Health Record functions. ConclusionsThe use of Health Information Technology both within and between ambulatory surgery centers in Wisconsin is low. This supports other studies that find the adoption of Electronic Health Records in surgery practices tends to be lower than in other specialties. This low adoption rate might be attributed to on-going problems and concerns with interoperability and with the high cost to practices in terms of financial investment and initial drops in productivity.

An Analysis of Information Technology on Data Processing by using Cobit Framework

Information technology and processes is inter connected, directing and controlling the company in achieving corporate goals through value-added and balancing the risks and benefits of information technology. This study is aimed to analyze the level of maturity (maturity level) on the data process and produced information technology recommendations that can be made as regards the management of IT to support the academic performance of the service to be better. Maturity level calculation was done by analyzing questionnaires on the state of information technology. The results of this study obtainable that the governance of information technology in data processing in Mataram ASM currently quite good. Current maturity value for the data processing has the value 2.69. This means that the company / organization already has a pattern of repeatedly done in managing the activities related to data management processes. Based on the data analysis, there is an effect on the current conditions and expected conditions can be taken solution or corrective actions to improve IT governance in the process of data management at ASM Mataram gradually.

Audit Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Siklus Pengeluaran pada PT. Lagio Furniture

Rapid technological developments make the whole thing easier. Many companies also take advantage of these technological developments. Similarly, the corporate accounting system that uses the benefits of information technology in the form of Accounting Information Systems (AIS). PT. Lagio Furniture is amanufacturing company that produces furniture for the premium class. Information system is an important part that helps the company's operations become more effective and efficient, therefore it is important for information systems running properly.This research aimed to audit the general control and applications control on the expenditure cycle accounting information system at PT. Lagio Furniture. This type of audit is audit around the computer. And then also collecting data through observation and interviews with relevant parties. Results of thereserarch is the expenditure cycle accounting information system at PT. Lagio Furniture was good. But there is still need to be improved in the control plan security, operational management control, and control inputs.

An Investigation of Factors that Inform Green IT Practices in the North West Provincial Government of South Africa

The effects of global climate change have been a major topic of discussion in the Information Technology (IT) industry in recent times. The IT sector has been regarded as one of the sectors contributing significantly towards climate change. This is due to the negative effects associated with the generation of heat and carbon emissions from IT equipment such as computers and servers. Environmental issues especially the reduction of global warming is gaining a lot of attention from organisations across the globe. Therefore, Greening the IT environment is seen as part of the solution to addressing this problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that inform Green IT practices in the North West Provincial Government (NWPG). The study focused on three departments which fall under the IT section of the Department of North West Provincial Treasury. The study followed a quantitative descriptive type of research study, where questionnaires were used to collect the data. The research results indicate that while there is an appreciation of the importance of bringing in Green IT practices in the government sector, the organization, suppliers, employees and regulations should synergically be organized to reap the benefits of Green IT. For example, less use of printing power, introduction of power management systems, adopting Green IT infrastructure and formulating regulatory green environmental policies, their use and subsequent monitoring can heavily improve their adoption of Green IT practices. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p163

A survey of current and anticipated use of standard and specialist equipment by UK optometrists.

To investigate current and anticipated use of equipment and information technology (IT) in community optometric practice in the UK, and to elicit optometrists' views on adoption of specialist equipment and IT. An anonymous online questionnaire was developed, covering use of standard and specialist diagnostic equipment, and IT. The survey was distributed to a random sample of 1300 UK College of Optometrists members. Four hundred and thirty-two responses were received (response rate=35%). Enhanced (locally commissioned) or additional/separately contracted services were provided by 73% of respondents. Services included glaucoma repeat measures (30% of respondents), glaucoma referral refinement (22%), fast-track referral for wet age-related macular degeneration (48%), and direct cataract referral (40%). Most respondents (88%) reported using non-contact/pneumo tonometry for intra-ocular pressure measurement, with 81% using Goldmann or Perkins tonometry. The most widely used item of specialist equipment was the fundus camera (74% of respondents). Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) was used by 15% of respondents, up from 2% in 2007. Notably, 43% of those anticipating purchasing specialist equipment in the next 12months planned to buy an OCT. 'Paperless' records were used by 39% of respondents, and almost 80% of practices used an electronic patient record/practice management system. Variations in responses between parts of the UK reflect differences in the provision of the General Ophthalmic Services contract or community enhanced services. There was general agreement that specialised equipment enhances clinical care, permits increased involvement in enhanced services, promotes the practice and can be used as a defence in clinico-legal cases, but initial costs and ongoing maintenance can be a financial burden. Respondents generally agreed that IT facilitates administrative flow and secure exchange of health information, and promotes a state-of-the-art practice image. However, use of IT may not save examination time; its dynamic nature necessitates frequent updates and technical support; the need for adequate training is an issue; and security of data is also a concern. UK optometrists increasingly employ modern equipment and IT services to enhance patient care and for practice management. While the clinical benefits of specialist equipment and IT are appreciated, questions remain as to whether the investment is cost-effective, and how specialist equipment and IT may be used to best advantage in community optometric practice.

An Appraisal of IT Portfolio as a Risk Management Tool in the Finance Department NWPG: Factor Analytic Approach

Information technologies have long been considered as either business drivers or enablers. In some cases however, it can be an inhibitor or risk factor. It is therefore prudent for organizations to have proper alignment of their Information Technology (IT) strategies with business strategies in order to reap the benefits of IT. More importantly, organizations must be able to assess the role played by IT as a risk factor and couple that with positive role as a risk management tool. This study investigated both the positive and negative roles of IT in the Department of Finance, North West Provincial Government (NWPG) of South Africa. This was motivated by the fact that there have been several reported cases of money laundering and misappropriation of funds in this department. This has attributed to the failure of NWPG to assess the duality of context in their IT portfolio. Quantitative measures such as the descriptive and exploratory factor analysis were used in this study. Questionnaires were distributed to employees of the department and a return rate of 72% was achieved. Factor analysis results revealed 15 items that can be grouped and explained by two factors namely, operational aspects (technical issues) and business aspects (business issues) of IT. The results also noted that the department has feasible resources to manage its risk using IT as a tool. The challenge however is the lack of neither measures nor awareness programmes to manage the risk that can be associated with IT portfolio. These measures include making employees aware of the risk control measures, reporting procedures and IT risk factors in their department. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p113

The business case: The missing link between information technology benefits and organisational strategies

Purpose: Business cases are an integral part of information technology (IT) projects, providingthe linkage between the organisational strategies and the promised benefits. Most majorproject management standards and methodologies make reference to the business case andits intended usage.Problem investigated: The success of IT projects is measured based on the benefits they deliver; anecdotal evidence states that IT projects fail at an alarming rate. The benefits are promised in the business case and should be delivered. This study focuses on whether there is a gap between theory and practice with regard to the way that organisations use the business case to approve, manage and track the promised benefits throughout an IT project.Methodology: This article reports on exploratory research that was initiated to establish the current practice of business case application. Four research questions were developed based on an extensive literature review to support or debunk the anecdotal evidence. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather evidence from organisations based on these research questions.Findings: The results suggest that organisations make use of business cases for various reasons and mostly in line with theory. There are, however, aspects that need to be addressed, such as the linkage between the business case and the harvesting of promised benefits.Value of research: This article confirms the theoretical aspects of the business case but highlights some deviations from practice. Organisations need to be more vigilant in the management of the business case to ensure the tracking and realisation of promised benefits.

English

Accounting role today as a primary provider of information to organizations becomes more and more prominent; its agent executor, the accountant, makes extensive use of information technology both in generating information and in decision-making. The aim of this study consists of mapping out accounting professionals’ perceptions regarding the influence of information technology on the individual decision-making process. An online questionnaire was developed. It replicated the Decision-making process instrument along with questions to characterize the respondents, as well as the application they had been using in their professional activity and in their organization. 362 (three hundred sixty-two) answers were obtained back. Factor Analysis was used to have them validated, and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient to check their reliability of scale. Such a process made the main findings described here possible. Such findings show that the benefits of information technology are higher at the beginning, in Intelligence phase; smaller and equivalent to each other, in Design, Selection and Implementation phases. Accounting professional’s role in the three levels of the decision-making process (operational, tactical and strategic) has also been examined by applying Cluster Analysis, which resulted in the conception of five groups of respondents: The Trainees, Operational Managers, Department Heads, Vice-directors and General-directors.     Key words: Information technology, accounting, decision-making process. &nbsp

Value Delivery of Information Technology Investment: A Conceptual Framework

Organizations, be it private or public, are making huge spending on information technology (IT). These spending, whether for productivity or strategic reasons, become the fundamentals and tools on how evaluate their IT investment. Evaluating every investment, before and after being made, is very crucial for in determining successful decision that has or will be set. Especially when decision to invest is onset, the expectation of values or benefits from the investment become substantial to arrive at such decision to invest. This study reviews and analyzes eight pertinent studies that model IT investment values and benefits and propose a model to describe the value delivery of an IT investment evaluation. Based on two-staged filtration method, 110 variables are narrowed and converge into 23 variables which categorized into five factors. In this paper, the five factors of IT investments value delivery are discussed which are financial, operational, organizational, strategic, and service. in IT are reflected in the organizations strategic planning for competitiveness and survival. Strategically, implementation of IT is wisely made to align with business processes, therefore to increase firm performance (8). These reasons, whether productivity or strategic gains, become the fundamentals and tools on how evaluate their IT investment. Reasons are translated into justification which formulated into IT investment evaluations. Evaluating every investment, before and after being made, is very crucial for in determining successful decision that has or will be set. When worth of investment is identified, values or returns from the investment will be established. This paper seeks to identify the values that IT investment delivers to the organization. IT investment values delivery based on a conceptual model is developed. The discussion of the elements was based on the common ground shared among several IT evaluation models from the literature. The review has resulted in a proposed value delivery model.

Decentralized intelligence in freight transport—A critical review

The purpose of this paper is to provide a research outlook on the concept of decentralized freight intelligence, i.e. autonomous freight making localized routing decisions. A review of research literature on decentralized intelligence in freight transport serves as the foundation of the analysis. The analysis reveals a scarcity of scientific evidence to suggest a successful introduction of decentralized freight intelligence. Among numerous conceptual findings, the analysis reveals a dearth of research on the clear and present challenges of introducing and adopting decentralized freight concepts in contemporary multi organizational open freight systems. For practitioners this paper provides useful input on future ICT development in the transport field. In particular, due to the lack of guidance on adoption of decentralized freight, a focus on non-networked benefits of information technology is to be recommended. Given the large number of projects, papers and various initiatives related to decentralized freight intelligence, this paper, to the authors’ best knowledge, provides a novel technology adoption perspective on decentralized freight intelligence research.

A Review of Risk Management and its Relationship with Information Systems

The new era of information technology and information systems, our environment has become a challenging environment. In this context, every day and so we witnessed the arrival of new technologies and the ability to tackle new challenges. Information technology and information systems in all areas of human life have intruded and although it facilitate lives of human communication and encourage but like any other new technology also bring risks. For example, the organization that use of telecommunications networks and the Internet For increase their effectiveness and efficiency in communication should accept or manage Risk caused by accessing unauthorized persons or competitors to information. Considering the points mentioned above, in the decision for the implementation of information systems and enjoying the benefits of information technology, like any other decision in life, should assess the potential risks and with managing risks, promote the effectiveness of the system. In this article , after the introduction of risk management , it means types of risks and ways to promote and implement information systems to introduce how to use the risk management process IT and implementation of information systems using any of the SDLC, one of the most comprehensive and complete system approach is be addressed. Finally has been attempting to introduce some of the key roles in the success of the risk management process.

Business professionals' perceptions related to the influence of information technology in individual work

According to the literature, much has been said about the impact of Information Technology on organizations, but little about its impact on the individual. This study aims to identify Information Technology benefits in individual work, choosing as a proxy some latu sensu post-graduation students, from a federal university in the south of Brazil. For data collection, a questionnaire based on the studies by Torkzadeh and Doll (1999) and Pereira (2003) was prepared. Torkzadeh and Doll dealt with the process of working; Pereira, with the four phases of the decision-making process. The final instrument, after being validated and tested, amounted to 21 questions to detect the potential benefits of Information Technology. The results demonstrated that users are satisfied, by pointing an average of 2.69 on a scale of 1 (little satisfied) to 5 (very much satisfied). The framework, work process, got an overall average [2.82]. Managerial control [3.10] and productivity [3.06] had the highest ratings; innovation [2.34], the lowest one. With technologies fully implemented, greater satisfaction was observed for all constructs of the survey, with statistically significant differences. Such differences were also proven in the Information Technology solutions that use Enterprise Resource Planning technology, the best-evaluated one. When comparing age, it was found that younger users were more satisfied with the benefits of technology. Concerning the number of employees, small business users were less satisfied with Information Technology.

Going native (or not): Five questions to ask mobile application developers

Going native (or not): Five questions to ask mobile application developers

Management Procedures for Realizing Information Technology Benefits in Malaysia

The increasing use of information technology (IT) applications in construction companies requires process management for the realization of IT benefits. Studies on the management of IT benefits to maximize expected benefits, avoid or minimize problems and barriers, and ensure successful IT implementation and realization of IT benefits are lacking. This study aims to investigate the procedures for managing the realization of IT benefits in construction companies. Approximately 103 questionnaires were used. Some procedures for the management of the realization of IT benefits in terms of implementation strategies and evaluation techniques were determined. We found that construction companies do not use a formal standard procedure for managing the realization of IT benefits and lack clear implementation and evaluation strategies/techniques. This study contributes by drawing management attention to understand that IT benefits require management interference to be realized, thus highlighting the need to adopt a procedure for managing and realizing IT benefits.

What It Will Take To Achieve The As-Yet-Unfulfilled Promises Of Health Information Technology

A team of RAND Corporation researchers projected in 2005 that rapid adoption of health information technology (IT) could save the United States more than $81 billion annually. Seven years later the empirical data on the technology's impact on health care efficiency and safety are mixed, and annual health care expenditures in the United States have grown by $800 billion. In our view, the disappointing performance of health IT to date can be largely attributed to several factors: sluggish adoption of health IT systems, coupled with the choice of systems that are neither interoperable nor easy to use; and the failure of health care providers and institutions to reengineer care processes to reap the full benefits of health IT. We believe that the original promise of health IT can be met if the systems are redesigned to address these flaws by creating more-standardized systems that are easier to use, are truly interoperable, and afford patients more access to and control over their health data. Providers must do their part by reengineering care processes to take full advantage of efficiencies offered by health IT, in the context of redesigned payment models that favor value over volume.

Examining the Factors Affecting the Evaluation and Adoption of IT Investments in Pharmaceutical Organizations

Information technology (IT) holds potential for transforming business practices in important ways. For example, it can assist in setting up an infrastructure which supports complex, multiparty trading and transactions among pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, hospitals, pharmacies, medical supply importers and exporters, and other players in the healthcare system. Effective use of IT can also help these healthcare organizations to reduce costs in supplying and distributing medicines and other medical-related products to the general public. However, despite high expectations for realizing the benefits of IT investments in pharmaceutical supply chain, issues surrounding its evaluation and adoption remain poorly understood and relatively under-researched. This paper presents case study findings on key evaluation and management issues in adopting and utilizing IT investments on seven Australian pharmaceutical organizations. The main objectives of this study are to: (1) examine the IT investment evaluation and benefits realization practices and processes in the pharmaceutical organizations; and (2) identify key IT investment evaluation and adoption issues and challenges within the pharmaceutical supply chain. A key contribution of this paper is the identification and examination of key issues and challenges faced by the pharmaceutical organizations undertaking IT and supply chain systems.

The Influence of IT Investment on Business Performance: A Comparative Study of Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks

Due to the considerable advances and tangible benefits of information technology (IT), almost all top-tier firms invest heavily in IT applications. However, the phenomenon of the “IT productivity paradox” prevents firms from investing in IT freely. Despite the number of studies exploring the relationship between IT investment and business performance, the value of IT investment remains difficult to justify. Specifically, evidence of a payoff from massive IT investments is still very limited. Added to the complexity is a wide range of key performance indicators that target different aspects of business performance. According to previous studies, the reasons behind the IT productivity paradox may be a shortage of accurate and timely data, a failure of considering the time-lag effect, and the application of inappropriate data analysis techniques. To address the aforementioned symptoms, this study developed a system to examine the influence of IT investment on two categories of performance indicators, namely cost efficiency and profit effectiveness. Specifically, we collected actual enterprise operating data, applied two different data analysis techniques (i.e., regression analysis and artificial neural networks), and conducted analysis using data collected over a period of four years. The results indicate that: (1) the higher the ratio of maintenance costs, the poorer business performance will be; (2) the higher the ratio of IT investment, the better the business performance and the lower the operating cost will be; (3) we also found that the time lag effects of IT investment on business performance for a period of two to three years; (4) regarding the estimation of the influence of IT investment on business performance, artificial neural networks are superior to regression analysis for their explanatory power.

Financial Arbitrage and Information Technology

This abstract was created post-production by the JFI Editorial Board. In his 2003 controversial article entitled "IT does not matter", Nickolas G. Carr argued that Information Technology (IT) has lost its magical power to provide competitive advantages and that corporations would be better off focusing on the risk of IT rather than looking at IT as a strategic asset that can provide opportunities. On the other hand, IT guru, Robert M. Metcalfe, views IT investment as a source of competitive advantage. He further argues that it determines the path of sustainable excellence for a corporation. We posit that truth may lie in the middle. That is, it is neither ‘IT does not matter at all’ nor it is ‘IT matters all the time’. Our empirical findings indicate such a result when we linked financial arbitrage and information technology. Our data show that IT investment matters sometime and not always. The implications of our findings suggest that there is an optimal IT investment level. At the beginning stage, the strategic benefits from IT investments far exceeds the risk of IT investments. At some point the role reverses and the risk and mis-utilization of IT investments outweigh the independent and interactive strategic benefits of IT. The challenge is to find the optimal level of IT investments. That will be our next endeavor.

An Empirical Analysis of the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Review of Its Application on E-democracy Adoption Using the Partial Least Squares Algorithm.

Prior information systems (IS) research has provided valuable insight on technology adoption and use which is critical in deriving the benefits of information technology. These studies have utilized theories such as Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Reason Action, and Technological determinism model to investigate technology adoption. This study continues in this line of research by evaluating the perspectives of investigating the concept of e-democracy within the framework of the Planned Behavioral Theory an extension to the Theory of Reason Action. The article seeks to explain internet and mobile enhanced citizen’s participation in democracy (e-democracy) base on their inherent (attitude) and environmental (subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) enablers and barriers to participate in e-democracy, and how the internet and wireless technologies can help to address democratic issues in resource poor settings such as the Sub Saharan Africa (SSA). The study takes the perspective of critical realism and thus provides an example of the application of this research paradigm in an empirical study. We investigated this phenomenon by providing a theoretical grounded model that explains e-democracy adoption adapted from the theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and tested from an empirical examination of constructs using data from randomly selected sub-Saharan African countries. The results render support for the proposed hypotheses, emphasizing the role of human behavior on citizens’ e-democracy adoption.

A Role for Data: An Observation on Empowering Stakeholders

This article discusses the role of data in the reform of the U.S. healthcare system by focusing on electronic health records (EHRs) and the role of stakeholders. Review of research published between 2005 and 2012 was conducted in 2012. Published literature supports the benefit of information technology in the healthcare field. Interoperability among systems is deemed key to successful use. However, incorporating information technology into medical practice will require methodically revamping the system, and consumers will need to learn how to use and manage their personal medical records. The healthcare industry's use of data-driven innovation needs to be based on modernized data systems, increased access to data, and implementation of easy-to-use technology that will enable stakeholders to participate actively in achieving desired health outcomes and cost reductions. Stakeholders realize the power and potential benefit of data. Access to data and incentives to develop and adopt them must be supported to achieve cost-savings. However, serious challenges remain to achieving a national, interoperable system that provides healthcare data to all stakeholders. These challenges can be addressed only by innovation.