Beneficial Health Effects Research Articles

Hidden hunger: from a plant biologist's perspective.

In recent years, changes in dietary patterns from an omnivore diet to a moderate-to-restrictive diet that includes more plant food are becoming popular for various reasons and the associated health benefits. Despite the increased consumption of plant food as recommended by these seemingly healthy diets, micronutrient deficiency is still prevalent particularly among the health-conscious populations. The aim of this review is to help guide interventions by understanding micronutrient deficiency trends from a dietary habit and plant physiology context. In this review, the author discusses how modern agricultural practices coupled with climate change, and with particular emphasis on the extreme dietary habits that lack variation and excessive consumption, may contribute to an increased ingestion of antinutrients which in turn potentially exacerbate vitamin and mineral deficiencies. While plants possess a wide range of secondary metabolites that exert beneficial health effects, some of these compounds are also antinutrients that interfere with the digestion and absorption of nutrients and micronutrients. Furthermore, the article also raises questions concerning the fate of antinutrient traits in future crops that were to be redesigned with improved stress tolerance, and the impacts it may have on human nutrition and the environment. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

Germination under the dark as an efficient method to enrich barley hordatine aglycones and to prepare a hordatine-rich fraction.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.; Poaceae), the second most important grain after wheat, contains phenolamides, specifically hordatines and their agmatinated precursors. Hordatines are the unique compounds found in barley, consumption of which is associated with beneficial effects for human health. This study investigated the impact of germination on the concentrations of barley phenolamides by analyzing their kinetic changes in whole barley seedlings and their distribution across shoots, seeds, and roots over a 9-day germination period under light and dark conditions. To obtain authentic standards, hordatines A and C (HA and HC) were synthesized, while hordatine B (HB) and glycosylated hordatines A and B (HAG and HBG) were isolated from a standardized hordatine-rich fraction (HRF) developed using ion exchange resins. The chemical structures were established using 1H and 13C NMR, UHPLC-HR-ESI-MS, and literature comparison, validating the presence of trans double bonds in hordatines. Germination results exhibited that darkness promotes the accumulation of barley phenolamides, with a significant increase in hordatine aglycones, particularly HA and HB. Glycosylated hordatines were abundant in early germination (Days 0 and 1; ∼7-14mg/100g), while hordatine aglycones became more prevalent in later stages (Days 5, 7, and 9; ∼6.5-100mg/100g). HA and p-coumaroyl putrescine were identified as shoot-specific and root-specific phytochemicals, respectively, with higher rates of methylation and glycosylation of hordatines observed in roots compared to shoots.

The Safety and Efficacy of Dietary Epigallocatechin Gallate Supplementation for the Management of Obesity and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Recent Updates.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the predominant bioactive catechin in green tea, and it has been ascribed a range of beneficial health effects. Current increases in obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rates represent a persistent and burdensome threat to global public health. While many clinical studies have demonstrated that EGCG is associated with positive effects on various health parameters, including metabolic biomarkers, waist circumference, and body weight when consumed by individuals affected by obesity and NAFLD, there are also some reports suggesting that it may entail some degree of hepatotoxicity. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the extant clinical findings pertaining to the safety and effectiveness of EGCG in managing obesity and NAFLD, with a particular focus on how treatment duration and dose level affect the bioactivity of this compound.

Aguamiel, a Traditional Mexican Beverage: A Review of Its Nutritional Composition, Health Effects and Conservation.

Aguamiel is the sap extracted from various species of maguey (Agave spp.). This liquid is highly prized in central Mexico for its pleasing sensory qualities and nutritional value. Understanding the composition of aguamiel is crucial as it may offer beneficial effects for human health. Reports have indicated its significance as a source of essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and fructooligosaccharides with prebiotic potential. Additionally, aguamiel can harbor diverse microorganisms, including lactic acid bacteria (Lactococcus and Leuconostoc spp.) and yeasts, contributing antioxidant, nutritional, prebiotic, and probiotic properties. However, aguamiel is prone to rapid fermentation due to its nature, which can alter its sensory and nutritional characteristics. This review provides insight into the broad nutritional composition, microbial diversity, and metabolites beneficial to the human health of fresh aguamiel. At the same time, it reviews the technologies applied to aguamiel to preserve its nutritional properties and functional metabolites and extend its shelf life. Thus, the data included in this document may lead to greater beverage consumption and further research to find new conservation alternatives that change its organoleptic and functional properties as little as possible.

Short-chain fatty acid metabolites propionate and butyrate are unique epigenetic regulatory elements linking diet, metabolism and gene expression

The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) propionate and butyrate have beneficial health effects, are produced in large amounts by microbial metabolism and have been identified as unique acyl lysine histone marks. To better understand the function of these modifications, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing to map the genome-wide location of four short-chain acyl histone marks, H3K18pr, H3K18bu, H4K12pr and H4K12bu, in treated and untreated colorectal cancer (CRC) and normal cells as well as in mouse intestines in vivo. We correlate these marks with open chromatin regions and gene expression to access the function of the target regions. Our data demonstrate that propionate and butyrate bind and act as promoters of genes involved in growth, differentiation and ion transport. We propose a mechanism involving direct modification of specific genomic regions by SCFAs resulting in increased chromatin accessibility and, in the case of butyrate, opposing effects on the proliferation of normal versus CRC cells.

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) and Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Flours Dietary Fibers Differentially Impact Fecal Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Outputs InVitro.

Alternative flours can reveal beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of dietary fibers (DFs) of coconut and carob flours on colonic microbiota compositions and function. Coconut flour DFs were found to be dominated by mannose-containing polysaccharides by gas chromatography (GC)/MS and spectrophotometer, whereas glucose and uronic acid were the main monosaccharide moieties in carob flour DFs. Invitro fecal fermentation analysis revealed that coconut flour DFs result in the generation of microbial butyrate as much as inulin does, which is known to be a butyrogenic prebiotic, but at a slower rate. Supportingly, coconut flour DFs promoted butyrate-producing bacteria including Roseburia and Coprococcus, whereas carob flour DFs stimulated Prevotella-related OTUs. In addition, higher microbial diversity was achieved at the end of the fermentation of coconut flour DFs by the fecal microbiota. This study clearly shows that alternative flours have distinct functionalities in terms of colonic microbiota composition and function, and coconut flour could be used as an alternative flour for the development of functional food products targeting colonic health.

Intake of S-Methylmethionine Alters Glucose Metabolism and Hepatic Gene Expression in C57BL/6J High-Fat-Fed Mice.

A diet containing foods that are sources of S-methylmethionine (SMM), and its use as a dietary supplement, have demonstrated beneficial health effects. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the inclusion of SMM as a dietary supplement in C57BL/6J high-fat-fed mice to verify whether this compound alone would be responsible for these positive effects. Mice were divided into three groups: LF (low-fat diet), HF (high-fat diet), and HF+SMM (high-fat diet plus SMM), and maintained for 10 weeks with water and food provided ad libitum. Body weight and food intake were measured weekly, and food efficiency was calculated. In addition, at week 9, fasting glucose was measured and, after necropsy, at week 10, liver, inguinal adipose, and kidney weights were measured; triglycerides, histology, liver gene expression, serum insulin, and MCP-1 levels were also determined. Final body weight, average weight gain, and the liver/body weight of the SMM group showed a significant difference with the LF group. HF+SMM-fed mice show improved regulation in glucose metabolism, demonstrated by the assessment of fasting glucose, insulin concentration, and HOMA-IR, compared with the HF-fed group. Liver triglycerides and MCP-1 levels showed no significant differences between fed groups. By the positive gene regulation of Sult1e1, Phlda1, and Ciart, we hypothesized that SMM administration to mice may have regulated xenobiotic, glucose, and circadian rhythm pathways.

The Antidiabetic Effect of Grape Skin Extracts of Selected Indigenous Croatian White Grapevine Varieties.

Grape skin is an excellent bioactive compound source with numerous beneficial health effects. This study aimed to determine and compare the antidiabetic potential of the grape skin of indigenous Croatian white grapevine varieties. The grape skin extracts (GSEs) were assessed for total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and inhibition potential against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, enzymes responsible for carbohydrate metabolism. GSE of variety "Svetokriška belina" has the highest total phenols (TP) content (1404.87 mg of gallic acid equivalent), the highest antioxidant capacity against DPPH (544.82 mg ascorbic acid equivalent), and the highest inhibitory activity against α-amylase (99.60%). α-glucosidase was best inhibited by the variety "Kozjak" (93.53%), followed by a significantly lower inhibition by the GSE of "Svetokriška belina" (89.64%). The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the relationship among the grape varieties by their inhibition potential, where the first PC explained 71.34% of the variation. Indigenous Croatian white grapevine varieties have great potential for developing new natural supplements to prevent and treat diabetes.

Identification of novel fructo-oligosaccharide bacterial consumers by pulse metatranscriptomics in a human stool sample.

Complex carbohydrates are key contributors to the composition of the human gut microbiota and play an essential role in the microbiota's effects on host health. Understanding which bacteria consume complex carbohydrates, or glycans, provides a mechanistic link between dietary prebiotics and their beneficial health effects, an essential step for their therapeutic application. Here, we used a pulse metatranscriptomics pipeline to identify bacterial consumers based on glycan metabolism induction in a human stool sample. We identified novel consumers of fructo-oligosaccharide among Blautia species, expanding our understanding of this well-known glycan. Our approach can be applied to identify consumers of understudied glycans and expand our prebiotic repertoire. It can also be used to study prebiotic glycans directly in stool samples in distinct patient populations to help delineate the prebiotic mechanism.

Beverage Combination of Pomegranate Juice and Quinoa Extract Ameliorates Lipid Profile in Rat Study.

Effect of fruit and cereal grain-based beverage studies on the lipid profile are limited. Pomegranate fruit and quinoa grains are known for their abundance of polyphenols with several health beneficial effects. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of oral administration of beverage containing pomegranate juice and quinoa seed extract in obese rats. Different beverage combinations of pomegranate juice and quinoa extracts were formulated and screened by sensory evaluation. The selected beverage product containing 80% pomegranate juice and 20% quinoa extract maintained at 15° Bx was evaluated for its effect on the serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) among the experimental rats. Administration of 5 and 10 mL of beverage product reduced the cholesterol and triglycerides levels ranging between 18.65 and 19.54 and 16.51 to 17.02%, respectively. Similarly, VLDL and LDL were reduced in the obese rats fed with beverage product ranging between 12.93 and 14.69 and 13.66 to 14.64%, respectively. There was increment of 18-20% in the HDL content by administration of the beverage product in obese rats. The impact of the formulated beverage was found to have significant effect on the lipid profile, which can be utilized as a functional food beverage.

Transcriptional and Metabolic Changes Following Repeated Fasting and Refeeding of Adipose Stem Cells Highlight Adipose Tissue Resilience.

Obesity and related metabolic disorders have reached epidemic levels, calling for diverse therapeutic strategies. Altering nutrient intake, timing and quantity by intermittent fasting seems to elicit beneficial health effects by modulating endocrine and cell signaling networks. This study explores the impact of cyclic nutrient availability in the form of every-other-day fasting (EODF) on human adipose stem cells (ASCs). We subjected ASCs to repeated fasting/refeeding (F/R) cycles, mimicking low glucose/high fatty acid (LGHF) conditions, and assessed phenotypic and transcriptomic changes, lipid storage capacity, insulin sensitivity, and differentiation potential. Four consecutive F/R cycles induced significant changes in adipogenic gene expression, with upregulation of FABP4 and PLIN1 during fasting, and increased lipid storage in the ASCs. Upon differentiation, ASCs exposed to LGHF conditions retained a transient increase in lipid droplet size and altered fatty acid metabolism gene expression until day 9. However, these changes dissipated by day 15 of differentiation, suggesting a limited duration of fasting-induced transcriptional and adipogenic memory. Despite initial effects, ASCs showed resilience, returning to a physiological trajectory during differentiation, with respect to gene expression and lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that the long-term effects of EODF on the ASC niche may be transient, emphasizing the ability of the adipose tissue to adapt and restore homeostasis.

Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis

ObjectiveHealth effects of different physical activity domains (ie, during leisure time, work and transport) are generally considered positive. Using Active Worker consortium data, we assessed independent associations of occupational and...

Extraction of tea polyphenols, catechins and caffeine from different tea cultivars in Sri Lanka

<p>Tea (<em>Camellia sinensis</em>) is widely known for its health benefits. A vast array of biologically active compounds is present in tea, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, alkaloids, caffeine, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Tea phenolic constituents, which are the predominant biologically active constituents in tea, have a variety of beneficial health effects and have been widely utilized in the food industry. Consequently, on the nutraceutical and health markets, green tea extracts gained more attention. This study investigated the extraction of polyphenols from green tea of four different tea cultivars using an environmentally friendly approach and quantified the total polyphenol and caffeine contents, catechins, including (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (+)-catechin, epicatechin gallate (ECG), and (-)-epicatechin (EC) of each tea extract as well as green tea. The extraction efficiency of total polyphenol, caffeine, and catechin concentrations differed significantly among tea cultivars. Total polyphenol and caffeine contents, as well as individual catechin contents, were found to be significantly varied among the tea cultivars. Tea cultivars with high total polyphenol content could potentially be utilized in total polyphenol extraction.<strong></strong></p>

Associations Between Ayahuasca Use in Naturalistic Settings and Mental Health and Wellbeing Outcomes: Analysis of a Large Global Dataset

ABSTRACT Emerging evidence indicates that ayahuasca consumption may have beneficial mental health effects. This study undertakes the largest analysis to date of associations between naturalistic ayahuasca use and current mental health status via an online cross-sectional survey. The sample included 7,576 participants (average age 41, 47% female) who had consumed ayahuasca in religious, traditional, or non-traditional settings in over 50 countries. Bivariate analysis, multivariate linear regressions and generalized structural equation modeling were used to explore associations between ayahuasca use variables, current mental health (K10, SF-12 MCS), and psychological well-being change (PWG). The number of ayahuasca uses was found to be positively associated with current mental health status (all measures), and this remained highly significant in multivariate models, with little evidence of associations diminishing over time. Variables such as the strength of the mystical experience, self-insights, and community/social variables were also positively associated with current mental health and PWG, while acute extreme fear and integration difficulties were negatively associated. Findings suggest that naturalistic ayahuasca use is associated with better current mental health status and enhanced psychological wellbeing for individuals with and without a history of mental illness, independent of community effects, with certain variables contributing positively or negatively to these effects.

Effect of Fiber Drink Consumption Containing Glucomannan and Isomaltooligosaccharide on Digesta Profile and Gut Microbiota

Dietary fibers have long been recognized for their numerous health benefits, including supporting gut health, aiding in weight management, and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Glucomannan, derived from konjac and porang tubers, has gained attention for its diverse health-promoting properties. However, its application in beverages is limited due to its high viscosity. Combining glucomannan with isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) is suggested to synergistically enhance functionality, particularly improving gastrointestinal health. This study investigates the functional effects of porang glucomannan and isomaltooligosaccharide-containing fiber drinks (GIFD) on body weight, feed intake, digesta profiles (digesta weight, moisture content, pH) and gut microbiota using in vivo method. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups, including control, inulin, and 2 doses of glucomannan and isomaltooligosaccharide fiber drink (GIFD). Rats were fed with AIN-93M. Adaptation was carried out for 5 days followed by 28 days of intervention. Results indicate that GIFD consumption led to reduced feed intake, likely due to increased satiety effects and glucomannan’s gel-forming ability, resulting in lower body weight gain compared to other groups. While GIFD did not significantly alter digesta weight and moisture contents, it significantly decreased pH values. Analysis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) showed a shift in propionic acid levels, suggesting a beneficial effect on weight control. Moreover, GIFD treatment reduced abundance percentages of enteric bacteria like E. coli and Clostridium, possibly due to increased SCFA production. However, GIFD consumption did not significantly alter sIgA concentration, although there was a trend towards increased levels in GIFD-2, suggesting potential immunomodulatory effects. Overall, it was indicated that porang glucomannan and IMO-containing fiber drinks has the potential to be used as beverages to support body weight regulation and to help maintaining digestive tract health. HIGHLIGHTS Glucomannan and isomaltooligosaccharide-containing fiber drinks (GIFD) reduced feed intake. Consumption of GIFD induced the shift of molar proportion of SCFAs suggesting beneficial health effect. GIFD treated groups showed lower abundance percentages of coli and Clostridium compared to control. GIFD is potential to be developed as weight management product. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Short-chain fatty acid metabolites propionate and butyrate are unique epigenetic regulatory elements linking diet, metabolism and gene expression.

The short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) propionate and butyrate have beneficial health effects, are produced in large amounts by microbial metabolism and have been identified as unique acyl lysine histone marks. In order to better understand the function of these modifications we used ChIP-seq to map the genome-wide location of four short-chain acyl histone marks H3K18pr, H3K18bu, H4K12pr and H4K12bu in treated and untreated colorectal cancer (CRC) and normal cells, as well as in mouse intestines in vivo . We correlate these marks with open chromatin regions along with gene expression to access the function of the target regions. Our data demonstrate that propionate and butyrate bind and act as promoters of genes involved in growth, differentiation as well as ion transport. We propose a mechanism involving direct modification of specific genomic regions, by SCFA resulting in increased chromatin accessibility, and in case of butyrate, opposing effects on the proliferation of normal versus CRC cells.

Health Benefits of Olive Leaf: The Focus on Efficacy of Antiglycation Mechanisms.

Olive leaves have been a therapeutic herbal agent for diseases for centuries. Olive leaves contain many health-beneficial nutrients and bioactive components. There is much evidence for the positive effects of the phenolic compounds they contain on health. The main active phenolic component in olive leaves is oleuropein, which can constitute 6%-9% of the leaf's dry matter and has been intensively studied for its promising results/effects on human health. In addition, olive leaf provides health benefits through bioactive components, such as secoiridoids, flavonoids, triterpenes, and lignans. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive properties of bioactive components, especially oleuropein, are well known. In addition, various health benefits, such as neuroprotective effects and microbiota modulation, are also mentioned. In recent years, in vitro studies have shown that olive leaves and bioactive components from olive leaves may have antiglycation effects. Currently, it is thought that the components found in olive leaves have a direct or indirect antiglycation effect. It is thought that, their direct effects include reducing the interaction between sugars and amino acids, nucleic acids, and lipids and sequestering reactive dicarbonyl species, and their indirect effects include preventing the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, in vivo and clinical studies are needed to prove these mechanisms and understand how their metabolism works in the human body. This review examines the beneficial health effects of olive leaves and their potential antiglycation role.

Antioxidants, ACE I Inhibitory Peptides, and Physicochemical Composition, with a Special Focus on Trace Elements and Pollutants, of SPRING Spawning Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus) Milt and Hydrolysates for Functional Food Applications

Norwegian spring spawning (NVG) herring milt is a raw material with high nutritional and functional values. However, its incorporation into food presents physicochemical and sensory challenges. Its high DNA content, the presence of TMA/TMAO and possibly heavy metal and/or environmental pollutants, and its bitter taste due to amino acids or peptides requires a careful approach to food development. Hydrolysis with food-grade enzymes enable an improvement in both the functional and sensory properties of the substrate and the increased stability of the raw materials and end products. HLPC, GC-MS, and in vitro protocols were used for the characterisation of manually extracted material (sample code: HMC) and milt from a fish-filleting line from early spring/late autumn catches. Three different food-grade protein hydrolysates were prepared from these raw materials (sample codes: H1, H2, and H3) as a means to estimate their functional food development potential. Combinations of three commercial enzymatic preparations were applied, targeting specific sensory properties. Parameters related to consumer safety (e.g., the presence of heavy metals and TMA/TMAO); beneficial health effects, such as antioxidant or antihypertensive bioactivities (measured using in vitro TAC, ORAC, DPPH, and ACE I inhibitory activity assays); the presence of beneficial fatty acids and micronutrients; and the protein quality were studied. On the basis of their total amino acid compositions, freeze-dried herring milt and hydrolysates could provide high-quality protein with most of the essential amino acids and taurine. Powdered milt has a particularly high fatty acid profile of bioavailable omega-3 fatty acids (2024.06 mg/100 g docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) and 884 mg/100 g eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3)). The experimentally measured levels of arsenic (3.9 ± 1.2 mg/kg) and cadmium (0.15 ± 0.05 mg/kg) were higher than the levels of the other two heavy metals (mercury and lead). The bioactivity is concentration-dependent. Overall, this work presents complementary information for the future utilisation of C. harengus powdered milt (possibly obtained directly from a fish-filleting line) and some of its protein hydrolysates as food ingredients.

Quality Assessment of Edible Plant-Based Fixed Oils Using Different Analytical Techniques and Machine Learning Approaches

Plant-based carrier oils are constantly gaining popularity for their beneficial health effects on human organisms, thus shifting consumers’ preferences to alternative options in the oil market. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of twenty-six edible plant-based fixed oils via chromatographic, chromatic, and spectroscopic techniques, suggesting their potential use as complementary edible oil sources. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and a-linolenic acids were found in considerable proportions, whereas the majority of oils possessed unsaturated (UFA)/saturated (SFA) fatty acid ratio greater than 1.6, suggesting their function in lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular disease. Linseed, chia seed, macadamia, and canola oils provide a balanced intake of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) within the range of 1:1 to 5:1. Oxidative stability was inversely related to oils’ PUFA content, with linseed, chia seed, pine cone, and walnut oils being the least stable oils against oxidation. Chlorophyll content in all oils was below the limit (50 mg/kg), preventing oxidation in the presence of light, whereas the highest values of b-carotene were noticed in soybean, linseed, and canola oils (61.18, 60.42, and 60.12 ppm, respectively). The application of machine learning algorithms for analyzing ATR-FTIR band intensities and FA proportions via discriminant analysis succeeded in discriminating pulp from seed oils, with a classification accuracy of 96.0% and 88.0%, respectively.

Supporting breastfeeding for women with low education levels, psychosocial problems, and/or socioeconomic constraints: a scoping review protocol

Objective: This scoping review aims to identify and map interventions and/or strategies used to support the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding for women at risk of delaying initiation, early cessation, or not breastfeeding due to low levels of education, psychosocial problems, and/or socioeconomic challenges in high-income countries. Introduction: While breastfeeding has lifelong beneficial health effects for women and infants, there is a risk of delaying initiation, early cessation, or not initiating breastfeeding at all due to factors related to health inequalities, such as low levels of education, psychosocial problems, and/or socioeconomic constraints. Inclusion criteria: This review will include eligible quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies, as well as systematic reviews and gray literature. We will include studies conducted in high-income countries, focusing on interventions and/or strategies to support women with low levels of education, psychosocial problems, and/or socioeconomic constraints in the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding for up to 6 months postpartum. Methods: This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, using the Participants, Concept, and Context framework. The primary search will be performed in MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), Embase (Ovid), and CINAHL (EBSCOhost). We will include publications in English, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, German, Bulgarian, Arabic, and Spanish, published from 1991 until the present. A data charting form will be developed and used for all the included articles. Review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/tmp4v/