SOME time ago, in the pages of this journal. Miss Saunders described the anatomy of flowers of some members of the family Phytolaccaceae(i) and from that derived various conclusions, one of which was that in the genus Rivina, the gynaecium is composed not of a single carpel, as had been believed so far, but of two carpels, one anterior, valve, sterile and possessing a style and another posterior, solid, fertile and without a style. Going over her description of the plant and figures, we found that the anatomy of the gynaecium in Rivina is very similar to that found in the family Nyctaginaceae on which we had been working for some time and in which we had evidence for believing that there is only a single earpel. It was unfortunately not possible to obtain proper material of more than one species, namely, Rivina humilis L. The study of this alone, however, confirmed our first suspicions as to the validity of Miss Saunders' conclusions and revealed also some differences from her observations. The material of Rivifia humilis was taken from the botanic garden of the Benares Hindu University and was fixed in a mixture of formalin, acetic acid and 60 per cent, alcohol. The observations are based on serial mierostome sections of flowers just before opening. The accompanying figures are all camera lucida drawings.