Belu District Research Articles

Knowledge, Smoking Behavior, and Physical Environment’s Effect on the Pneumonia Incidence among Toddlers in Belu District

Knowledge, Smoking Behavior, and Physical Environment’s Effect on the Pneumonia Incidence among Toddlers in Belu District

ACCELERATION OF DIGITAL-BASED PUBLIC SERVICES CASE STUDY AT THE INVESTMENT AND ONE-STOP INTEGRATED SERVICE OFFICE IN BELU DISTRICT

The objective of this study was to analyze and describe the acceleration of public services at the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office, analyze supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulate a digital-based public service model. The collection techniques were used to obtain accurate, actual and comprehensive data in accordance with the problems and focus of the study, such as interview, observation, and documentation. The results of the study showed a consistent tendency (trend) in public services in improving the performance of public service delivery in Belu District.

Factors associated to mothers’ behaviors in dealing with diarrhea among toddlers in South Atambua

Diarrhea can be treated properly to reduce its severity. Behavioral elements within society are risk factors that can lead to diarrheal disease. Poor sanitation practices, inadequate access to clean water, improper food handling, and insufficient hygiene habits can increase the risk of transmission of diarrheal illness. Additionally, socio-economic disparities, cultural beliefs, and educational levels can influence individuals' behaviors related to hygiene and sanitation, further exacerbating the risk of diarrheal diseases. Compared to other Puskesmas, the one in South Atambua had a very high number of diarrhea cases in 2021—up to 88 incidents among toddlers, according to Belu District Health Office statistics. This study aimed to identify variables associated with mothers' conduct when treating their toddler's diarrhea. This kind of cross-sectional, quantitative study was carried out in Atambua Selatan, employing a sample size of 72 participants and a simple random sampling technique. The Chi-Square statistical test was utilized in both univariate and bivariate data analysis. The findings indicated that while education level had no association with mothers' behavior in managing the incidence of diarrhea among newborns, knowledge and family support did (p-value = 0.000) have a relationship with maternal behavior in handling diarrhea in toddlers. Otherwise, mothers' behaviors regarding diarrhea among toddlers were not correlated with their level of education. In the future, health officers are expected to provide information on how to deal with diarrhea among toddlers regularly and involve other family members to support mothers. The collaborative efforts of health officers and family members are essential in safeguarding toddlers' health and well-being during diarrhea episodes.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Status Gizi Anak Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Atambua Selatan Kabupaten Belu

Nutritional problem in toddlers are still a public helath problem in the South Atambua sub-district, Belu district. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to children under five in the working area of the Atambua Selatan Helath Center, Belu Regency. The population in this study were all mothers with toddlers aged 12-59 montsh, totaling 2.126 toddlers. The sample consisted of 219 mothers with random sampling. Data analysis was performed by univariate analysis and bivariate analysis by Chi-Square test. This type of research is aquantitative study using a cross sectional design. study uses a type of quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design with random sampling techiniques. Respondents in this study were mothers of toddlers, totaling 219 people. The study used univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi Square test. The results of this study indicate that the variables related to nutritional status are knowledge (0,000), occupation (0,001), education (0,000) and food consumption (0,000). While the variable that is not related to nutritional status is income (0,721). Mother’s nutritional knowledge, mother’s occupation, mother’s education and food consumption have a significant relationship, while family income has no significant relationship with nutritional status. Community Healtg Centers are expected to be able to maximize counseling and counseling activities on a regular basis regarding toddler nutrition and the use of helath promotion media. As well as, the activie role of health workers is urgently needed, especially nutrition and health promotion staff to increase education efforts on the importance of nutritious food for toddlers.

Health Indicators for Accelerating Stunting Reduction: Family Practices in Indonesian Borderland

Background: The Indonesian government has established the latest family-based approach to implement the national strategy to accelerate the reduction of stunting in Indonesia through a family-based intervention approach. Family-based intervention is proven scientifically efective in preventing growth retardation in children under five. However, this research was conducted on families with children aged 0-2 years so that all of the presented problems can be used as a reference in providing family-based interventions. This study aims to describe family health practices in preventing stunting among the people in the border areas of Indonesia and Timor Leste. Subjects and Method: This was a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, conducted from May to June 2022. A total of 257 families (out of a total population of 566) with children aged 0-24 months spread across 16 integrated healthcare centers (Posyandu) at the Haliwen Health Center, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. The subjects in this study were selected by simple random sampling. The single variable in this study was family health practices in preventing stunting, consists of 18 indicators adopted and elaborated from presidential regulation 72 concerning accelerating the reduction of stunting. the data collected by a set of questionnaires. The data analyze by univariate analysis to describe frequency (n) and percentage (%) of each indicators. Results: Out of a total of 18 assessed indicators, most families still use open garbage cans, burning garbage for destruction, and did not carry out pre-marital health screening. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that most of the health indicators had been carried out by families with infants under two years old. It is in line with the growth status of under-two, most of whom are not stunted. Keywords: stunting, children under two, family-based intervention. Correspondence: Maria Paula Marla Nahak. Nursing study program, Universitas Timor, Indonesia. Jln. El Tari - Km. 09, Sasi, Kefamenanu, Timor Tengah Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia. Email: paulamarla@­unimor.ac.id.

"I Was Very Shocked, I Wanted It to Be Over": A Qualitative Exploration of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts among Women Living with HIV in Indonesia.

HIV diagnosis and poor HIV management have various detrimental impacts on the lives of people living with HIV (PLHIV). As a part of a large qualitative study investigating HIV risk factors and impacts, of which the topic of suicide is not a focus, this paper describes the factors contributing to suicidal ideation and attempts that arose naturally in the stories of women living with HIV (WLHIV; n = 52) in Yogyakarta and Belu districts, Indonesia. The participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique. Guided by a qualitative data analysis framework, the data were thematically analysed. The findings were grouped into four main themes: (i) the women experienced immense psychological challenges due to the infection, spousal transmission, fear of mother-to-child transmission, and losing a child due to AIDS, which triggered suicidal ideation and attempts; (ii) the lack of awareness of HIV management strategies resulted in them feeling trapped and overwhelmed, and the associated negative thoughts and the anticipation and experience of HIV stigma influenced their thoughts of suicide; (iii) the lack of social support from family and friends during the early stages of HIV diagnosis, compounded with pre-existing financial difficulties, lack of income, unemployment, and feeling overburdened, also triggered the women's thoughts of suicide; and (iv) family breakdown following HIV diagnosis, concern about future relationships, and fear of being rejected or abandoned by their partner were also influencing factors for suicidal ideation and attempts among the women. The findings indicate the need for a nuanced approach to counselling within HIV care interventions for couples to support the acceptance of each other's HIV status whilst maintaining psychological wellbeing. Additionally, the findings indicate the importance of HIV education and awareness among community members for the de-stigmatisation of HIV and to increase the acceptance of PLHIV by their families and communities.

Pencapaian dan Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Melalui Pendekatan Pendidikan Matematika Realistik

The aim of this study was to compare the achievement and improvement of students' critical thinking skills through realistic mathematics education approaches and conventional learning. This study uses a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental approach. The research design used a pretest-posttest control group design. The experimental group learning used the PMR approach and the control group used conventional learning. This study was conducted in October 2022. The participants in this study were students of class VIII of a junior high school in Belu district. The sample in this study was 50 students consisting of two classes, each class consisting of 25 students. The research instrument was in the form of critical thinking ability tests and learning implementation observation sheets. Analysis of achievement data and improvement of necessary thinking skills using the Independent Samples t-test. The results of the study show that the achievement and improvement of students' mathematical necessary thinking skills who learn through a realistic mathematics education approach are better than students who learn with conventional approaches. This shows that learning with a realistic mathematics education approach can facilitate junior high school students critical thinking abilities

Synergy Of Village-Owned Enterprises And Local Product-Based Umkm In Tourist Villages In Border Areas Indonesia - Timor Leste

The MSME sector is an economic milestone for villages in border areas. As one of the two countries' border crossings, tourist villages on the Indonesia-Timor Leste border have great potential in developing their business scale which can provide income not only for MSMEs, but for Border Village Original Income (PADes). However, the problem is that MSME actors in these border villages are still hampered in terms of capital, technological innovation, workforce expertise and marketing systems. On the other hand, the existence of Bumdes can be a solution to the problems faced by MSME actors. In this study, researchers will look for the root of the problems faced by MSMEs and BUMDes by conducting interviews with MSME actors, Village Heads and BumDes Management in 3 (Three) Border Villages, namely: Duarato Village, Tohe Village and Siwalan Village in Belu District. Then formulate policy priorities that must be implemented by the Village Government and BUMDes in order to move MSMEs through qualitative analysis techniques. The research results show that: (1) Business Environment Aspects; the importance of maintaining the surrounding environment so that it remains safe and conducive in supporting business development (2) Capital Aspects; access to capital from non-bank parties and from cooperatives to business actors (3) employment aspect; Local governments need to provide training facilities for workers. (4) Information Technology Aspects; every business actor has mastery of technology including mastery of banking digitization (5) Marketing Aspect; the importance of marketing training for business actors to maintain business continuity. The final implication of this research is the realization of BUMDes goals in driving the village economy. In addition, with the existence of the BUMDes program that supports MSMEs, it is hoped that it will be able to increase the business scale of MSMEs and Village Original Income (PADes) for tourist villages on the border of Indonesia - Timor Leste.

The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Employee Performance Mediated by Job Satisfaction (In the East Nusa Tenggara High Prosecutor's Office)

This study aims to determine the influence of transformational leadership, work motivation on employee performance mediated by Job Satisfaction (Empirical Study on the High Court of East Nusa Tenggara). The job satisfaction variable here functions as a mediating variable which researchers want to prove that it has an impact on employee performance. The company that was sampled in this study was the east nusa Tenggara high prosecutor's office. Mining work is a type of heavy work that requires work involvement from employees in order to achieve company goals, therefore a supervisor is needed who is able to move or direct employees to be involved in their work, besides that with a motivating language it is hoped that employees will be more involved in their work. This research was conducted on 230 employees working at the east nusa Tenggara high prosecutor's office, belu district prosecutor's office, west sumba district prosecutor's office, kupang city district prosecutor's office, kupang district prosecutor's office and sikka district attorney's office. where the results obtained transformational leadership and work motivation have a significant effect on job satisfaction. However, it does not have a direct effect on employee performance. Therefore, the east nusa Tenggara high prosecutor's office needs to maintain regular internal training within the organization and must increase the provision of rewards and punishments to employees who work very well.

Sistem Informasi Geografis Gereja Katolik Pada Wilayah Keuskupan Atambua Berbasis Web

Atambua Diocese is a diocese centered on the Belu district, its territory is divided into 3 districts which include Belu, Malaka, and North Central Timor districts. The spread of churches in remote areas makes it difficult for people to find locations and information on church activities, number of people, mass schedules and leaders because information about churches is not yet available. Geographic Information System is used to solve the problems experienced in Atambua Diocese. This system can provide information related to the Catholic church in the Diocese of Atambua based on Web-GIS. This study uses the Waterfall method which approaches systematically and sequentially starting from the analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance stages. This Web-GIS-based system was developed using the PHP programming language and MySQL database. This application produces a Web-GIS that can provide information and the location of the Catholic church in the Atambua Diocese area.

Barriers to access to antiretroviral therapy by people living with HIV in an indonesian remote district during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study

BackgroundCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has a significant influence on the access to healthcare services. This study aimed to understand the views and experiences of people living with HIV (PLHIV) about barriers to their access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) service in Belu district, Indonesia, during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis qualitative inquiry employed in-depth interviews to collect data from 21 participants who were recruited using a snowball sampling technique. Data analysis was guided by a thematic framework analysis.ResultsThe findings showed that fear of contracting COVID-19 was a barrier that impeded participants’ access to ART service. Such fear was influenced by their awareness of their vulnerability to the infection, the possibility of unavoidable physical contact in public transport during a travelling to HIV clinic and the widespread COVID-19 infection in healthcare facilities. Lockdowns, COVID-19 restrictions and lack of information about the provision of ART service during the pandemic were also barriers that impeded their access to the service. Other barriers included the mandatory regulation for travellers to provide their COVID-19 vaccine certificate, financial difficulty, and long-distance travel to the HIV clinic.ConclusionsThe findings indicate the need for dissemination of information about the provision of ART service during the pandemic and the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination for the health of PLHIV. The findings also indicate the need for new strategies to bring ART service closer to PLHIV during the pandemic such as a community-based delivery system. Future large-scale studies exploring views and experiences of PLHIV about barriers to their access to ART service during the COVID-19 pandemic and new intervention strategies are recommended.

Village-owned enterprises: analysis and modeling (Study on 69 Villages-Owned Enterprises in Belu District - NTT Province)

The purpose of this study is to explore and map in depth about BUM Desa starting from the institutional, organ and governance system, stakeholders to various problems faced, then analyze it for further designing and recommending a comprehensive and comprehensive Re-Modeling. strategic as a solution for the management of BUM Desa in Belu Regency in particular and in East Nusa Tenggara Province in general. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative because this method is considered to be able to provide a broader, in-depth and detailed description of the phenomena in the field, in this case the reality conditions of BUM Desa in Belu district. The results of the study show that the problems that have hindered all BUM Desa in Belu district have so far stemmed from the absence of a standardized formal model starting from pre-operational; operational implementation; post operational.

ANALISIS FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA DI KABUPATEN BELU

This study aiams to describe the income of street vendors in Belu district and to analyze the effect of working capital, working hours, age of traders, length of business and labor on the income of street vendors in Belu district. This type of research is a survey. Research with a quantitative descriptive approach, the variabels used include working capital, working hours , age of traders, length of labor, and income. The tape of data used is quantitative data with primary data sources. The data collection techniques used are interview, questionaires and technical observations. Descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the working capital variable has a positive and significant effect on income, while the variable working hours, age of traders, length of business and labor, has no effect on the income of street vendors in Belu Regency. Keywords : Working Capital, Working hours, Age trader, Old business, Labor, Income, Street vendors.

Agglomeration of Economic Activities of Fisherman Communities In Jenilu Village Belu District

Research on the phenomenon of agglomeration of community economic activities needs to be carried out to see its impact on regional development, especially in border areas. Grouped economic activities can be a consideration for the government in taking economic policies in order to improve people's welfare. This study aimed to find out: 1) where and how the economic activities of the fishing community in Jenilu Village experience concentration or agglomeration; 2) what are the characteristics of the economic activities of the fishing community in Jenilu Village; and 3) what government policies should be taken to accelerate development in Jenilu Village. This type of research is a qualitative field exploration with data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research results show: 1) the economic activities of the fishing community in Jenilu Village experience agglomeration or grouping in the Atapupu area due to the historical value of this area which has long been the center of community activities and also the existence of infrastructure support including good access to cross-country roads, markets, and ports; 2) 80% of the people of Jenilu Village work as fishermen with a low-income level of an average of Rp. 1000,000,- per month, still relying on simple fishing equipment such as fishing rods, nets, and motorized boats, and the main types of a catch include tuna, tuna, yellow stripe, and mackerel; 3) the regional government is expected to be able to improve the quality of human resources and build infrastructure in this region to support the development of the main border gate area which has not been maximized.

CASE REPORT: PANCYTOPENIA IN SEVERE MALARIA WITH SUSPECTED HEMOPHAGOCYTIC SYNDROME AT ATAMBUA HOSPITAL

Background: Malaria is a parasitic infectious disease caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale, and Plasmodium malaria. The signs of a malaria infection include fever, chills, anemia, and splenomegaly. In the Belu district, the incidence of malaria is still high. It’s about 10,6 per 1000 population. Objective: To describe a case of Malaria in one of patient in Indonesia.Methods: Case reportResults: A 61-year-old woman with Malaria with clinical manifestations as follow, fever, body aches, and chills felt since 3 days before hospital admissions. On the 4th day of treatment, plasmodium falciparum was found.Conclusion: A combination of anti-malarial medications (OAM) is used in the treatment of malaria with the goal of reducing plasmodium resistance to anti-malarial medications.

Understanding actions and challenges in protecting older people during covid-19 pandemic in indonesia: A qualitative study with female caregivers.

COVID-19 has rapidly impacted societies on a global scale, with older people among the most affected. To care for older people living in their own homes, female family caregivers play a pivotal role. The current study aimed to explore the actions of female family caregivers and the challenges they faced in taking care of older people living at homes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Belu district, Indonesia. This qualitative study involved twenty female family caregivers, who were recruited using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Findings were grouped into two main categories: (i) actions of female family caregivers in taking care of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. These included limiting both visitations of extended family members and older adults' activities outside homes; explaining the virus to older adults and controlling their access to news, social media and smartphones; providing nutrition, supplement and maintaining daily diets; and (ii) challenges they faced in taking care of older adults included excessive fear of contracting COVID-19 and possibility of transmitting it to older people; feeling stressed; tired and overburdened. The study highlights the significant role family caregivers played to protect older people living at home. The findings can inform government to develop intervention programs that address and support the needs of both family caregivers and older people living at home.

KERAGAMAN TANAMAN DAN SUMBANGAN PENERIMAAN TUMPANGSARI KOPI DAN LADA DI KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS PROVINSI LAMPUNG

In Tanggamus, pepper trees are commonly intercropped in coffee plantations with coffee-pepper intercropping type (dominant coffee), coffee pepper type (dominant pepper), and agroforestry type. The intercropping system plays a role in improving agro-ecosystems, increasing farm productivity and income. This study aimed to study crops diversity, productivity and income of coffee-pepper intercropping farming. This study used a survey method. The survey locations were determined purposively in two sub-districts which were centers of coffee cultivation in Tanggamus, namely Ulu Belu and Air Naningan District. In the Ulu Belu District, the villages of Sinar Banten, Sinar Galih, Petai Kayu were selected purposively, and in the Air Naningan District were Datar Lebuay Village and Air Kubang Village. Primary data was collected by visiting plantations and interviewing farmers. Sample farmers were determined randomly with a total of 137 samples. The diversity of intercrops was analyzed by calculating the Benefit Index Value and Importance Value Index. The results showed that coffee plantations were generally intercropped (79-86%) with coffee and pepper. Based on the Importance Value Index, in Ulu Belu the most important intercrops were pepper, banana, avocado and cayenne pepper, while in Air Naningan they were pepper, jengkol, cayenne pepper and durian. The income of intercropping coffee farmers could reach IDR 24 million/hectare/year. This income was obtained from both the coffee-pepper intercropping or the coffee-non-pepper intercropping. The productivity of intercropping coffee ranged from 528-1,097 kg/hectare. The productivity of pepper intercrops ranged from 0.45-0.54 kg per tree and contributed 11-29% of coffee income.

Ethnobotany of semi-arid medicinal plants used by Bunaq Tribe in Lamaknen, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Abstract. Mela YJA, Bria EJ, Tnunay IMY. 2022. Ethnobotany of semi-arid medicinal plants used by Bunaq Tribe in Lamaknen, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Intl J Trop Drylands 6: 16-25. The diversity of traditional medicinal plants of the Bunaq Tribe in Lamaknen, Belu District, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, is a basic study of the development of local potential in supporting plant conservation in the border areas of Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the types of medicinal plants, the organs used, processing methods and ways of using plants as traditional medicines, and species use-values ??(SUV) by the Bunaq Tribe in Belu District, a semi-arid climatic area in Timor Island, Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach. The research method used was semi-structured interviews with village shamans. The results showed that there were 26 families consisting of 63 species of plants used as medicine. Fabaceae had the highest number of species used in medicine. The most widely used growth form was a tree and the most frequently used plant part was the leaf (30%). The most widely applied processing method was boiling. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) showed the highest use-value, 0.57, compared to other species. In conclusion, the Bunaq Tribe still preserves traditional knowledge of medicinal plants through village shamans. This information can be used as the basis for developing the social and cultural values of the Bunaq Tribe in the border areas of Indonesia.

Description of Extraordinary Events of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever In Belu Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province 2020

Belu Regency is located in the province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), Indonesia and is an endemic area for dengue fever. Nationally, until June 2020, there were 16,320 cases of dengue fever with a CFR of 0.009%, while in Belu Regency there were 820 cases recorded until June 2020 with a CFR of 0.97%. This study aims to describe the outbreak of DHF by person, place and time as well as the distribution of cases in Belu Regency. this research is descriptive observational with case series design. The source of research data is secondary data on dengue cases obtained from the 2016-2019 Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Report and the DHF outbreak report in January-June 2020, the Belu District Health O ce. DHF cases in Belu Regency until June 2020 were 820 cases with symptoms of fever 2-7 days by 100% and supported by laboratory platelet examinations of 73%. The highest IR rate until June 2020 is 367 per 100. 000 residents with a CFR of 0.97% spread over 12 sub-districts of Belu Regency. The highest IRs (>20 per 10,000 population) are Atambua city, South Atambua, East Tasifeto, West Atambua, Kakuluk Mesak and West Tasifeto subdistricts. The majority of DHF in the age group 5-14 years 521 cases (27.1%) with female sex as many as 495 cases (51.51%). DHF cases were found since the first epidemiological week at the beginning of the year with peak cases at the 13th week. Belu Regency Is a dengue endemic area with an IR of 367/100,000 population with a CFR of 0.97%. The highest cases were in the 5-14 year age group and spread across 12 sub-districts of Belu Regency.

Understanding Barriers to the Access to Healthcare and Rehabilitation Services: A Qualitative Study with Mothers or Female Caregivers of Children with a Disability in Indonesia.

Accessibility to healthcare and rehabilitation services for children with a disability (CWD) is essential to improving their health and wellbeing. However, access to the services, especially in many settings in developing countries with scarcity of resources, is still limited. As part of a qualitative study exploring impacts of caring for CWD on mothers or female caregivers and their coping strategies, this paper describes barriers for access to healthcare and rehabilitation services for CWD in Belu district, Indonesia. One-on-one, in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 mothers or female caregivers of CWD. Participants were recruited using a combination of purposive and snowball sampling techniques. These were supplemented with interviews with two staff of disability rehabilitation centers in Belu to understand any additional barriers. Data analysis was guided by a qualitative data analysis framework. Our analysis identified that lack of affordability of healthcare services (high costs and low financial capacity of mothers) was the key barrier for access to healthcare and rehabilitation services CWD. Religious or faith-based factors, such as being a non-Catholic (Belu is predominantly Catholic), converting from Catholic to other religions, and the belief in children’s disability condition as “God’s will”, were also influencing factors for lack of access to the services. Shortage of staff, distrust in the therapy skills of staff at rehabilitation centers, and unavailability of appropriately trained healthcare professionals were structural or system-related barriers. The findings indicate the need for government-owned and run disability rehabilitation centers (not faith-based), the provision of fully subsidised health insurance to provide free services, and the provision of qualified therapists and healthcare professionals (to build trust) in Belu and other similar settings in Indonesia.