Beloved Country Research Articles

Alan Paton's Cry, the Beloved Country and Maxwell Anderson's/Kurt Weill's Lost in the Stars. A Consideration of Genres

Alan Paton's <i>Cry, the Beloved Country </i>and Maxwell Anderson's/Kurt Weill's <i>Lost in the Stars. </i>A Consideration of Genres

Loneliness in the Beloved Country

Loneliness in the Beloved Country

THE PRESENT CULTURE AND HEALTH SITUATION OF ABORIGINALS IN FORMOSA.

From the light of the foregoing, the aborigines including Peipofan are the first race in Formosa scattered on the outset, around the entire Island. Until recently, they practise the primitive scale of life, preserve what it is in the great nature. They received protection from various stages of Authorities. But due to the fact of environment or background and the struggle of existence with the Chinese race they were forced confine into a certain spots behind mountains that made their economics. education, and health aspect in a backward phenomenon and the population rather undeveloped. The aborigines, however, are a fine race especially of their speeches, music and physical training in which they have superior abilities, the social constituents as well. They possess good customs and traits. We should therefore sympathize and encourage them to uphold whatever they have of their own pride, and culture until the prosperity would approach upon and equality would prevail among them, so that to build up their healthy and beloved country and the well-being of mankind.

"Cry, the Beloved Country" and "Strange Fruit": Exploring Man's Inhumanity to Man

"Cry, the Beloved Country" and "Strange Fruit": Exploring Man's Inhumanity to Man

On Scientific Creativity

ON SCIENTIFIC CREATIVITY ALBERT SZENT-GYORGYI, M.D., Ph.D.* History is dominated by two types ofminds. The history ofhuman suffering is dotted with the names ofmen ofwill power and ambition, who make wars, build empires which then collapse, leaving behind only destruction and misery. The history ofhuman progress is the story ofa relatively small number of creative people, creative in art, sciences, or any other human endeavor. As progress, in the past, depended on them, so it will in the future, and the fate ofany nation depends, to a great extent, on the question: How far does it produce creative minds? It was for this reason that I accepted the chairmanship ofthe National Council ofEducation in my native country, Hungary, during the short democratic period following World War II. I did this with two ideas in mind. I was convinced that geniuses are always present in numbers but are wasted. I based this opinion on the fact that they show no random distribution in history, but mostly appear in groups of3's, 4's, or 5's. This indicates that geniuses are always there but need certain environmental factors for their development . My other conviction was that genius is not a mystery. It is just a certain type ofbrain which can be analyzed, understood, and found, once one has learned to decode its signs. As chairman ofthe Council ofEducation , I intended to work out a system by which to find the outstanding creative intellects and provide the conditions necessary for their development . My ideas were countered by the professional educators with the objection that genius needs no help, it breaks its own way. I am afraid it rather breaks its neck, genius being often connectedwith a great sensitivity. I am still confident that, in a limited time, I could have worked out my system and could have made Hungary into one ofthe most outstanding * The Institute for Muscle Research at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts . This paper was presented at a panel held at the Third World Congress of Psychiatry, Montreal, Canada,June 7, 1961. The participants were Lord Adrian, Linus Pauling, and the author. 173 countries. Unfortunately, political changes made an early end to my work on this line. In my present beloved country, the United States, I find the development of outstanding creativity is hampered, to some extent, by misplaced ideas about democracy, according to which we are all equals. Nature is not democratic and, as far as the intellect is concerned, does not make us all equals. There is a trend to correct this undemocratic attitude ofNature and make usallequalsalso inthedomain oftheintellect, lifting theretardedand knocking down the outstanding to the common level. If we had spent, inthe past, halfas muchmoneyand thoughton the outstanding as we have on the retarded children, leadership would not be such a scarce commodity. The trend is to replace excellence by numbers, quality by quantity. Our reasoning is analogous to saying that ifone woman can produce a child in nine months, nine women will produce it in one. Our reasoning does not hold, even for this simplest form ofcreativity. There are pregnant ones and non-pregnant ones among us, and only those who are pregnant, pregnant with ideas, will be creative. The ideal ofdemocracy is to give everybody an equal chance for education. My intention was to give everybody an equal chance to develop his natural abilities to the utmost —whether outstanding or retarded—which means an unequal education . Having dropped my abortive activities on this line at an early stage, I am unable to present to you any coherent objective study, so I will try to overcome my inhibitions and try to give you an analysis of the only scientist about whom I have firsthand information, that is, myself. IfI look at myselfobjectively from the outside, the first thing I notice is that I find myself running every morning, at an early hour, very impatiently , to my laboratory. Nor does my work end when I return from my workbench in the afternoon. I go on thinking about my problems all the time; and my brain must be going on thinking about them even when I sleep, because I mostly...

Sheridan Baker's "Paton's Beloved Country"

Sheridan Baker's "Paton's Beloved Country"

The Triumph and Disaster of Eduard Benes

THIS year marks the tenth anniversary of the political fall and subse quent death of the co-founder of Czechoslovakia, Dr. Eduard Benes, champion of democracy and international cooperation. Twice he had regained freedom for his beloved country, each time against fantastically superior forces. He lived just long enough to see his life's work reduced to rubble and his cherished hopes of honest and peaceful East-West coexistence smashed. Fortunately, his timely death relieved him of his agonizing doubts as to the correctness of the course which he had followed. These doubts had never ceased to torture him in that desolate six-month interval between his final departure from Hradcany Castle in Prague on February 27, 1948, and the fatal stroke which he suffered on September 3 of the same year. The controversy concerning the character and policy of Dr. Benes is far from resolved. Judgments of his behavior and appraisals of his political acumen range from scathing condemnation to unconditional exoneration. Some see in him little more than an opportunistic fellow-travelling quarter master of Communism in Central Europe.1 Others portray him as a sort of Micawberish optimist obsessed with a na?ve belief in Stalin's promises and unrealistic dreams of lasting Soviet-Western collaboration. Still others claim he was the unfortunate victim of an exceptionally adverse confluence of circumstances and blame his fall mainly on the absence of proper Western support when it was most needed. Where is the truth? As one who was closely associated with Dr. Benes during the last ten years of his life, I should like to offer my own analysis of his actions and their motivations.

Paton's Beloved Country and the Morality of Geography

Paton's Beloved Country and the Morality of Geography

Book Review: Cry, the Beloved Country

Book Review: Cry, the Beloved Country

"Cry, the Beloved Country" and the Broken Tribe

"Cry, the Beloved Country" and the Broken Tribe

REVIEWS OF BOOKS

Book reviewed in this article:REUNION IN SOUTH INDIAL: The Reunion of the Church. By Lesslie Newbigin.THE LAMBETH REPORT: The Lambeth Conference, 1948: The Encyclical Letter from the Bishops, together with Resolutions and Reports. London: S.P.C.K. 5s. 1948.WILLIAM TEMPLE: William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury: His Life and Letters. By F. A. Iremonger.FIVE BOOKS ON WHITBY: To‐morrow is Here. By Kenneth Scott Latourette and William Richey Hogg.FIVE BOOKS ON WHITBY: Renewal and Advance. Edited by C. W. Ranson.FIVE BOOKS ON WHITBY: Då vi Mødtes Paany (When we met again). By Axel Malmström.FIVE BOOKS ON WHITBY: Kristen Innsats (Christian Contribution). By O. G. Myklebust.FIVE BOOKS ON WHITBY: Vi möttes i Kanada (We met in Canada). By Oscar Rundblom.AN ENGLISH PRESBYTERIAN CENTENARY: Working His Purpose Out: The History of the English Presbyterian Mission, 1847–1947, in five parts. By Edward Band.TYPES OF PIETY AND SHRINES IN EASTERN ASIA: Fromhetstyper og helligdommer i Ost‐Asia. Bind I. By Karl Ludwig Reichelt.CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM: Islam and Christian Theology. Part I. Volume 2. By J. Windrow Sweetman.AN INTERPRETATION OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE: A Philosophy of Religion. By Edgar Sheffield Brightman.EVANGELISM IN SHENSI: The Living Christ in Modern China. By George A. Young.THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN CHINA: Christian Voices in China. Edited by Chester S. Miao.THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH IN CHINA: Rising through the Dust. The Story of the Christian Church in China. By Archie R. Crouch.THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA: The United States and Russia. By Vera Micheles Dean.A HANDBOOK FOR CATECHISTS: The Catechist and his Work. Edited by Harry Belshaw.AFRICA'S MIGRANT LABOUR PROBLEM: Migrant Labour and Tribal Life. A Study of Conditions in the Bechuanaland Protectorate. By I. Schapera.GOVERNMENT AND PEOPLE IN AFRICA: Problems of African Development. Part II: Government and People. By T. R. Batten.‘COMFORT IN DESOLATION’: Cry, the Beloved Country. A Story of Comfort in Desolation. By Alan Paton.WARTIME TRAVELS IN FRENCH WEST AFRICA: L'Appel du Soudanais. By Georges Mabille.FOLKWAYS IN LIBERIA: New Song in a Strange Land. By Esther Warner.

The American Negro and the Christian Religion

When one speaks of the Christian religion, it is almost impossible not to confuse it with the organized church. When the word is heard, most of us think instantly of the organized institution. That is quite understandable. It is the institution conspicuously erected, with its steeple reaching toward high heaven, that is considered to be the embodiment of the Christian ideals, the body of and a witness to the world that Jesus, the Christ, still lives. When that Church, preaching the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man, shuts its doors in the face of members of another race or class and denies to them Christian fellowship, it is easy to see how the Church and Christianity may be looked upon as synonymous. Certainly it is difficult not to confuse the two when the Church, the only institution in the world that exists for the sole purpose of carrying forward the work of the Crucified Christ, has nourished and blessed all the major wars of history. Both Catholics and Protestants blessed the World War. It is more than difficult to separate the Catholic Church and the Christian Religion since it exists on the authority of the hierarchy and since the Pope speaks with authority for the Catholics throughout the world. One must sympathize with a student who is confused when one's attention is called to the fact that the Roman Church has approved unconditionally Franco and everything he has done in Spain. On March 29, the Osservatore Romano. organ of the Vatican, in its editorial thanked God for Franco's victory. Several days later, Pope Pius sent a telegram to the victorious Spanish Generalissimo: Lifting up our heart to the Lord, we give sincere thanks with your excellency for Spain's desired Catholic victory. We express our vow that your most beloved country, with peace attained, may undertake with new vigor the ancient Christian traditions which made her great.' In this article, the Church may be considered as the organization whose task it is to carry forward the work of Christ and to strive to bring the world to God through Jesus Christ. This may be the individual Protestant Churches, the individual Protestant denominations, the Eastern Orthodox Church, or the Roman Catholic Church. And yet, it is not the aim here to confuse the institution with the Christian religion, though at times the institution and the Christian religion may be identical. For example, when the Church as an institution stands for the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man and for the Christian emphasis set forth by Jesus that the supreme values of the universe are human values and exemplifies these ideals in service, practice, and fellowship, then the Church and the Christian religion become one. But it does not necessarily follow that the practices of the organized church are wholly representative of

THE FIRST YEAR OF THE SECTION ON GASTRO-ENTEROLOGY AND PROCTOLOGY

The activities manifested at the first meeting of this section last year proved the wisdom of the House of Delegates in its establishment. Constantly spreading interest in it since that time is reason enough for its necessity and assures a progressive success. Although many of our gastro-enterologists and proctologists are now serving the country in efficient war work, the program, because of the rapidly increasing numbers of men interested in these fields, in quality and extent is but a small part of what was easily possible. Throughout the breadth of our beloved country, general practitioners, internists, surgeons and others are keenly in search of knowledge on these subjects, and they feel that this is a forum of first importance in which to help them. The House of Delegates builded well and it seems a pleasure on the part of many Fellows of the Association to prove it. In doing this

Peter Benoit and the Modern Flemish School

You may, perhaps, think it over-bold of me to talk to you in your own language, which, in my mouth, will appear without its native richness, strength, and beauty. You will at once realise that you have before you a man who did not want to come and call for your attention a short time ago, but now is willing to suffer the cruel consciousness of being a poor orator, if only he succeeds, though but partially, in his attempt to give you an idea of one of the aspects of beauty in his own beloved country.

Scholarship and the Commonwealth

Scholarship and the Commonwealth