Behavior Modification Techniques Research Articles

Behavior Modification in Juvenile Deliquency: A Systematic Literature Review

Adolescence is a very important transition period that every individual will go through. Adolescence is also called the process of self-discovery and self-adjustment. It is not uncommon for them to fall into behavior that deviates from the prevailing norms and values or is known as juvenile delinquency. Juvenile delinquency becomes a behavior that harms himself and the people around him. As a guidance and counseling teacher, he has an obligation to direct his students to positive things so that they do not fall further into juvenile delinquent behavior. Preventive and curative efforts must be made by counseling teachers through guidance and counseling services. The research method used is a systematic literature review that aims to produce a synthesis of strong and reliable scientific evidence that can be used to build new knowledge, inform decisions and guide future research. A total of 60 articles were identified and PRISMA analysis was conducted, resulting in 14 articles being selected for further in-depth identification of the entire article. The results of this study indicate that juvenile delinquency can occur situationally due to peers, parenting and the community environment. In the school environment, counseling teachers can provide counseling services to adolescents through the provision of behavior modification techniques.

Physical education-based intervention with activity wristbands to promote students’ weekly physical activity

The purpose was to examine the effect of an intermittent teaching unit based on the use of an activity wristband combined with other behavior modification techniques on secondary students’ weekly objectively-measured physical activity (PA). 176 secondary students (12-16 years) were cluster-randomly assigned into the activity wristband (AWG) and control groups. The AWG performed an eight-week intermittent teaching unit (last 15 min of each session) twice a week. The teaching unit consisted in the following strategies: activity wristband (24 h), adaptative step goals, and educational counseling, among others. Results showed that the AWG students improved activity wristband-measured weekly steps from baseline to the last week of the intervention (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the percentage of AWG students that did at least an average of 10,000 steps per day increased (p = 0.026). The studied intermittent teaching unit increased studentsʼ weekly PA, and the proportion of students that achieved the PA.

The effectiveness of applied behavior analysis program training on enhancing autistic children’s emotional-social skills

BackgroundThis study focuses on the potential of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) to improve emotional and social skills in children with autism spectrum disorder. ABA is a well-established therapeutic approach that uses behavior modification techniques to encourage positive behaviors and reduce challenging ones. Despite its widespread use, further research is needed to better understand its specific impact on emotional and social development in autistic children.ObjectiveThis research aims to investigate an effective method for improving and enhancing institutionalized children’s social, communicative, and daily life skills. The study also examines the impact of behavioral analysis on these children’s social and emotional skills.MethodThe research is categorized as applied in terms of objectives and quasi-experimental in data collection. It involves a control group, an experimental group, and a covariance analysis model. The research population consists of 100 volunteer boys aged 4 to 11 residing in institutional care in Wuhan during the year 2023. Among them, 60 individuals were selected and divided into control and experimental groups, each comprising 30 participants. Data for the study were collected using the kindergarten inventory of social/ emotional tendencies (KIST. The applied behavioral analysis program was implemented individually for the experimental group in eight one-hour sessions twice a week.FindingsData analysis was conducted using SPSS-24 software and a multivariate analysis of the covariance method. The results indicated that the behavioral analysis program significantly impacts institutionalized children’s social and communicative skills, improving their daily lives (p < .05).ConclusionThe findings of this study demonstrate that the applied behavior analysis program significantly improves the social, communicative, and daily life skills of institutionalized children with autism spectrum disorder. ABA interventions, delivered through structured sessions, effectively enhance emotional and social development, confirming its value as a therapeutic approach in institutional care settings.

Alzheimer's dementia in people with Down syndrome : Results of guideline-assisted expert interviews on healthcare deficits in the diagnostics and treatment as well as solution approaches

People with Down syndrome have agenetically increased risk of developing early onset Alzheimer's dementia. An interview study with healthcare providers, patient representatives and employees in residential and work facilities was conducted to identify deficits in the healthcare process and approaches to overcoming them. In this study 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Alack of knowledge and experience on the part of medical service providers in dealing with and providing medical care for people with Down syndrome was identified as akey challenge. In addition, the diagnosis of dementia in people with Down syndrome is difficult for various reasons (including lack of appropriate diagnostic tools in standard care and lack of time or financial resources). Doubts were expressed about the efficacy of antidementia medications and the reasons for the increased use of sedatives were discussed. Attentive observation of behavior and involvement of caregivers, regular review and reduction of polypharmacy and the use of alternative behavior modification techniques were mentioned as possible solutions. The identified deficits in the medical care of the target population and the approaches to solving them will be incorporated into the development of health policy recommendations in order to optimize the care situation of those affected in the long term.

Comparative evaluation of three different behavior management techniques among children aged 6-12 years in dental practice: A single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Dental anxiety is characterized by distress in anticipation of dental visits, which may result in a child's refusal to undergo treatment and, ultimately, lead to parents' reluctance towards dental care. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the tell-show-do technique, modeling technique and yogic relaxation technique in the reduction of dental anxiety among children aged 6-12 years. The study was an interventional, parallel-group, single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted on 120 children who required restorative treatment without the use of local anesthesia. The participants were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into 3 groups: group 1 - tell-show-do technique; group 2 - modeling technique; group 3 - yogic relaxation technique. The dental anxiety levels were evaluated 4 times using both physiological (oxygen saturation and pulse rate) and behavioral parameters (facial image scale (FIS) and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale (FLACC)). The data was assessed by 2 blinded and calibrated specialists. Statistically significant differences were observed in all 4 parameters among the 3 groups. During both the intraoperative and postoperative periods, the oxygen saturation levels were significantly higher in the yogic relaxation technique group. Moreover, the yogic relaxation technique group exhibited lower pulse rates, FIS and FLACC scores compared to the tell-show-do and modeling technique groups. The practice of yoga has a positive influence on the general health of the individual. Consequently, it can be considered one of the alternative behavioral modification techniques for the reduction of dental anxiety in children.

MANAGING LEARNERS BEHAVIOUR: A CALL ON TEACHERSUSE OF POSITIVE MODIFICATION STRATEGIES

This study explored into teachers use of positive modification approachesin managing learners classroom behaviour. This was a descriptive survey design (qualitative)that employeda 5-point Likert-type scale for data collection. Respondents comprised of 327 pubic Junior High School teachers in the Western North region. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used for the selection of samples. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Data from the study showed that majority of teachers had inadequate knowledge on using positive modification strategies in managing learners behaviour.Tangible strategies such as earning of incentives like toffee and rewards emerged as the most frequently used behaviour modification strategies in managing the classroom.The study also found no significant gender difference with regard to the use of positive modification strategies in classroom management. The study further established that behaviour modification techniques positively influences the learning environment as well as the learner.It was recommended that teachers unions in collaboration with Ghana Education Service should organize sensitisation programs through educational fora and symposiums to encourage teachers embrace positive modification strategies as classroom management tools. Also, intermittent refresher coursesought to be organized to help educatorsupdate their knowledge on the use of positive modification strategies in managing learners behaviour. This possibly will aidthem to effectively manage learners behaviour in the classroom.

Self-Control Management Skills and Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorder among Clients at the Iten Wellness Centre, Kenya

The intentions of this enquiry were to the impact of behaviour modification techniques on clients' recovery from alcohol use disorders. This was in the light of concern that alcohol use disorder has increasingly become one of the major social challenges in Iten. The study was anchored on the cognitive behavioural theory. It used correlational research design. The target population was 100 clients recovering from alcohol use disorder and four counsellors in Iten Wellness Centre, Kenya. The study purposively chose all the counsellors, and then it used a stratified selection strategy and a simple random sampling technique to select 70 clients. Interview schedules and questionnaires were used to gather data. To analyse the data, both inferential and descriptive statistics were employed. Analysis of descriptive statistics was done using means, standard deviation, percentages and frequencies. Multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to examine the hypothesis. The results indicated that self-control management skills (p&lt;0.001) positively and significantly influenced recovery from alcohol used disorder. It was thus concluded that self-control management skills significantly influenced clients’ recovery from alcohol use disorder at Iten Wellness Centre, Kenya. In light of the findings, the research suggests the introduction of self-control management skills to the young people in schools to deter alcohol use disorders early.

Comparative analysis of the effect of two behaviour modification techniques on children of 4-7 years as chosen by parents and pedodontists

Comparative analysis of the effect of two behaviour modification techniques on children of 4-7 years as chosen by parents and pedodontists

Assessing REflective simulation-based e-Training on motivational interviewing among multidisciplinary healthcare practitioners [RESeT-MI]: a mixed methods pilot study

BackgroundMany health science curricula have integrated behavioral modification techniques in their plans. Motivational Interviewing is one such technique. Educational interventions to promote Motivational Interviewing have had limited success. Integrating simulation-based learning in health science curricula might offer a platform whereby students can train in well controlled environments with increased authenticity, provision of standardized experiences and the capacity for immediate feedback to participants. Using motivational interviewing as an exemplar, the purpose of this study was to assess the impact of a simulation-based reflective e-training program on knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in Motivational Interviewing among healthcare practitioners from diverse healthcare disciplines. A secondary aim was to explore whether self-reflection can promote reflective learning.MethodsThis was a mixed-method study design. Fifteen participants from different health disciplines were included in the quantitative phase of the study, the simulated interview, and the reflective assignments while five participated in the focus group. Pre and post tests were used to examine the effect of training on knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in Motivational Interviewing. Assessment of Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity [MITI] scores in a simulation-based scenario was used. A qualitative content analysis of a focus group provided a more in-depth understanding of the participants experiences. Excerpts from reflective assignments were analyzed using Transformative Learning Theory concepts.ResultsA Wilcoxon test showed that the training elicited a change in confidence in performing Motivational Interviewing [Z= -2.766, p = 0.006], median scores increased from 29 to 34. A quarter of technical scores and half of the relational scores indicated good competence. Participants reflected content transformation through feelings of empowerment and satisfaction when they were successful in engaging and motivating clients. Process transformation was evident in reflections on how to improve core skills specifically reflective listening. Reflections on Motivational Interviewing spirit related values showed premise transformation, which may indicate attitude changes.ConclusionA simulation-based e-training program on Motivational Interviewing represents an important educational modality for training in the health disciplines. Results of this study provide evidence supporting the integration of reflective simulation-based e-training into the education curricula of health disciplines in MI and beyond.

Perioperative Anxiety in Regional Anesthesia: Implications, Evaluation, and Management

Abstract Anxiety can manifest throughout various stages of the perioperative phase, affecting anesthetic management from the preoperative visit to the recovery period. It occurs in 60%–80% of patients undergoing surgery. Patient’s anxiety is detrimental during surgical procedures in an awake state under regional anesthesia and hence poses a significant challenge for the anesthesiologist. There are numerous components accountable for the anxiety under regional anesthesia responsible, such as patient’s concerns regarding the anesthetic technique, surgical procedure and its outcome, complications including pain, panic state toward needles or even sight of blood, and restriction of day–to-day activities after surgery. A treating team of doctors and staff should be empathetic regarding the patient’s apprehensive state and uneasiness during every stage of the perioperative period. Commonly used techniques to alleviate perioperative anxiety includes both pharmacological (sedatives) and nonpharmacological methods like educational remodeling, skill-based relaxation, behavioral modification, knowledge sharing, and diversion technique. Skill-based relaxation techniques as well as communication were the most important approaches in managing patients’ anxiety following pharmacological methods.

Evaluation of the use of Music as a Distraction Technique on Dental Anxiety of Children – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: The delivery of dental treatment might be negatively impacted by a child’s unwillingness to cooperate. Judging a behavior-guiding strategy that successfully lowers fear and anxiety during dental treatment, results in a change in the child’s attitude toward the treatment, and is also accepted by the parents is necessary given the variety of behavior management strategies that are available. While conventional techniques of behavior modification have been effective, parents’ and dental professionals’ attitudes regarding them are evolving. New nonaversive approaches that are acceptable to parents are thus required. One such approach that may find favor with parents and dental professionals is music therapy. Methods: Pertinent medical databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched from January 1, 2001, to April 20, 2023, for randomized controlled trials and clinical studies that used music and no music (control) in children undergoing dental treatment. Primary outcomes included a decrease in pulse rate as measured through pulse oximeter in children undergoing dental treatment. Results: Through search strategy and screening through titles and abstracts, four randomized clinical trials (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation [GRADE] high certainty) and eight nonrandomized studies (GRADE high certainty) were included and the pooled results bared that the music pulse rate was significantly reduced in children who were made to listen to the music than those who did not listen to music during dental treatment. Conclusion: It was established that music distraction was a better behavior management technique as compared to no music group and instrumental music was better when compared to the nursery rhyme for anxiety reduction in children.

Exploring Behavioral Modification Techniques used by Psychologist for Autistic Children

Exploring Behavioral Modification Techniques used by Psychologist for Autistic Children

Implementation of Behavior Modification Techniques for Children with Low Social Skills (A Case Study at the Social Protection Service Unit for Children in Garut, West Java)

This research focuses on the application of behavior modification techniques in various specific behaviors agreed upon, aiming to influence the levels of social skills. The research method employed is the Single Subject Design approach. The respondents of this study are children with low social skills receiving services at SATPEL PSA. Instruments used to measure baseline A1, treatment (B1), and baseline A2 are based on the results of behavior assessments, identifying 9 behaviors with 36 specific behaviors. The implementation of behavior modification techniques aims to reduce maladaptive behaviors in children, utilizing motivation techniques, positive reinforcement, modeling, counseling, and self-help groups. The research results indicate that two children, SS and MK, showed increased measurements in cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects during baseline and intervention. The highest results were recorded in the behavioral aspect, while the cognitive aspect showed a comparatively lower improvement.

Amelioration: An Innovative Approach to Behavior Management Based on Cognitive Process.

The study aimed to determine the applicability of psychological traits identified by Piaget sixty years ago to children in the current generation and to utilize these traits clinically for behavior modification. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 participants aged 4-7, divided into four groups. Three tests were administered to evaluate the manifestation of preoperational features. Based on the most noticeable aspect of cognitive development, tailored behavior management strategies were applied to help improve cooperation among the children. The study utilized Frankl's behavior rating scale both before and after the intervention, and statistical analysis was performed to assess the outcomes. Contrary to Piaget's findings, the study revealed that 94% of children displayed egocentrism and centration at the age of four, with these traits gradually decreasing from four to seven years old. Moreover, better patient cooperation was observed when cognitive-based behavior management techniques were employed clinically, and the improvement was statistically significant at P < 0.001. The study concluded that the Amelioration, a cognitive feature-based behavior modification technique, represented the most effective way to elicit cooperative responses from children. This technique can be considered a novel and pioneering behavior management strategy for enhancing patient cooperation.

A multifaceted approach to identifying and managing juvenile delinquency by integrating psycho-physiological indicators.

To understand and treat juvenile delinquency, the study explores the relevance of psycho-physiological indicators. It also emphasizes the necessity for thorough research to minimize the gap existing between psycho-physiological measurements and conventional psychosocial components. The study focuses on the relevance of personality features, habituation, and autonomic arousal required to monitor the proper management of delinquent conduct. Through the integration of biological, psychological, and social elements into a multidimensional approach, researchers can uncover novel insights and create cutting-edge therapies for youths who are at risk of delinquent behavior. The study proposes to develop a comprehensive framework that considers biological antecedents in addition to conventional metrics to reach the root cause of delinquency; thereby drawing special attention to current literature and research that emphasizes the psycho-physiological correlates of delinquency. By examining the complex interactions between stress, physiology, emotions, behavior, and social structures, the study highlights the intricacy of delinquent conduct and the necessity for adopting a multifaceted strategy to fully address the problematic areas. Future research paths are emphasized, with a focus on the significance of longitudinal studies, moderating and mediating variables, and creative treatment techniques. By utilizing psycho-physiological markers and psychosocial traits, researchers can tailor intervention strategies to meet individual needs effectively. Early identification of psycho-physiological deficits in children is crucial for implementing successful behavior modification techniques and promoting the well-being of future generations. This is expected to help the government agencies to save time and public money.

Understanding the behavioural challenges of companion parrots

Background: Parrots can make excellent companions; however, it is important to understand that they are not a truly domesticated species. Their behaviours will be similar to their wild counterparts. Parrots are highly intelligent and have complex social and environmental needs, which can be challenging for an owner to meet. Problem behaviours may be truly pathological, such as feather destructive behaviour and self‐mutilation, or may be normal behaviours, perceived by the owner to be a problem, such as screaming. Enrichment provision is a vital part of their husbandry to encourage species‐appropriate behaviours, in particular, foraging.Aim of the article: This article aims to discuss the most common problem behaviours seen in clinical practice, and to describe a logical approach to their management. Behaviour modification techniques and provision of appropriate enrichment are also discussed.

Culturally sensitive patient-centered healthcare: a focus on health behavior modification in low and middle-income nations-insights from Indonesia.

Patient-centered, culturally sensitive healthcare acknowledges the profound impact of cultural beliefs on health behaviors and outcomes, particularly vital in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Within Indonesia, distinct cultural factors are pivotal in empowering patients, necessitating their integration into healthcare practices. For example, the cultural concept of gotong royong, emphasizing communal collaboration, presents an opportunity to foster community support networks among patients. Moreover, honoring familial ties and involving family members in decision-making enhances patient empowerment. Acknowledging and incorporating spiritual and religious beliefs, which are deeply rooted in Indonesian culture, into healthcare interventions further augments patient empowerment and well-being. In LMICs, including Indonesia, achieving patient empowerment demands implementing critical strategies. Community-based interventions harness local resources and engage the community to drive health behavior change. Culturally sensitive communication bridges the gap between healthcare providers and patients, respecting language nuances and cultural norms. Patient education fosters a comprehensive understanding of health conditions, thereby encouraging active involvement in decision-making. Tailored behavior modification techniques, aligned with cultural beliefs and practices, support the adoption of healthier behaviors among patients. This review emphasizes the pivotal role of patient-centered, culturally sensitive healthcare in LMICs, particularly in Indonesia. It delves into strategies to promote health behavior change within these unique contexts, emphasizing the importance of cultural sensitivity and patient-centered care. The discourse also explores the cultural landscape impacting healthcare, acknowledging the challenges faced in delivering comprehensive healthcare services within these diverse cultural contexts. Additionally, it outlines innovative approaches and success stories in implementing patient-centered care, highlighting how cultural factors intersect with healthcare outcomes. By advocating for integrating culture-specific patient empowerment practices into healthcare methodologies, this article underscores the potential for improved health outcomes, heightened patient engagement, and the delivery of culturally relevant services within LMICs.

The Beneficial Impact of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Review of the Current Literature.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and irreversible fibrotic disease whose natural history is characterised by a progressive worsening of the pulmonary function, exertional dyspnoea, exercise intolerance, reduced physical activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) impairment. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary programme that uses a combination of strength training, teaching, counselling, and behaviour modification techniques to reduce symptoms and optimise functional capacity in patients with chronic lung disease. Based on the well-documented effectiveness of PR in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), over the years supportive evidence of its benefits for other respiratory diseases has been emerging. Although the latest rehabilitation guidelines recognised PR's efficacy for interstitial lung disease (ILD) and IPF in particular, this comprehensive approach remains underused and under-resourced. In this review, we will discuss the advantages and beneficial effects of PR on IPF, analysing its impact on exercise capacity, disease-related symptoms, cardiovascular outcomes, body composition, and HRQOL.

Oral health care in children with disabilities: A narrative review

Children with disabilities face discrepancies in receiving oral health services due to several barriers. This article aims to provide an overview on the oral health status of children with disabilities, impact on Quality of Life of children with disabilities and their family members, approaches in oral health education and/or services, roles of medical/oral health care providers, carers/parents, and special schools/centres, and future aspiration concerning these children. Articles were searched using online databases (Google Scholar, MEDLINE/PubMed) using various terms. Additional articles were searched manually from the reference list of the previously searched articles. Children with disabilities showed a higher prevalence of caries and periodontal disease and had irregular dental visits owing to the limitations encountered by the carers/parents. The psychological and physical health of carers/parents, and the well-being of children with disabilities are interrelated, suggesting the need for a comprehensive support system to address the specific needs of these groups. Oral hygiene care services for these children could be improved using oral health education tools, strengthening dental outreach programs, and/or adopting behaviour modification techniques. Oral health in children with disabilities is a global concern, therefore a holistic approach addressing this problem from the individual to international level, including interprofessional collaboration is imperative.

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Three Different Behavioral Modification Techniques among 4–8-year-old Children

Abstract Background: Dental anxiety being attributed by many as a major cause to avoid seeking dental care by children, so several communicative, advanced, and pharmacological interventions have been developed to manage children’s anxious and cooperative behaviors. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of tell–show–do (TSD), tell–play–do (TPD), and ask–tell–ask (ATA) behavioral modification techniques among 4–8 years old coming for a restorative treatment. Materials and Methods: Thirty children aged 4–8 years were enrolled in the study and randomly allocated to three groups, 10 children in each group. Group A: Those to receive restorative treatment by the behavior modification technique (BMT) of TSD; Group B: Those to receive restorative treatment by BMT of TPD; and Group C: Those to receive restorative treatment by BMT of ATA. Evaluation: Each child’s heart rate was monitored before, during, and after the entire treatment with a pulse oximeter. The oximeter was clipped to the thumb of the child’s left hand. Furthermore, Frankel Behavioral Rating Scale was to be monitored before, during, and after the procedure. Results: TPD technique is more efficient than TSD and ATA to control 4–8-year-old children’s anxiety and achieve cooperative behavior during dental treatment. Conclusion: TPD is a technique worth practicing in pediatric dentistry. The dentist should consider the cognitive development of the patient to communicate effectively for developing sound rapport and trust. Each dental visit should be designed to receive proper behavioral guidance techniques such as TPD, TSD, and modeling; these can help the child to develop a positive attitude toward oral health.