Behavior Of Farmers Research Articles

Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Petani dalam Budidaya Gambir di Jorong Tanjuang Bungo Nagari Koto Lamo Kecamatan Kapur IX Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota

This study aims to describe the information seeking behavior of farmers in gambier cultivation in Jorong Tanjuang Bungo. The method used is a qualitative method using interviews to collect data. The interviews involved ten farmers in Jorong Tanjung Bungo. Data were collected through four stages, namely passive attention, passive search, active search, and continuous search. Results show that in the passive attention stage, farmers rely on TV and Radio if the signal is stable and social interaction. The passive search stage is characterized by receiving unexpected information through communication. In the active search stage, farmers use external resources such as actively engaging in various communities. The continuous search stage shows farmers' efforts to expand their knowledge and improve farming practices. Therefore, there are obstacles faced by farmers in gambier cultivation in the process of searching for information which includes the lack of media used to search for information so that the information searched shows little information because of one source only.

The impact of livelihood resilience and climate change perception on farmers' climate change adaptation behavior decision

PurposeAdopting adaptive behavior has become a basic measure for farmers because the increasingly severe climate change is affecting agricultural production. Perception is a critical first step in adopting adaptive behaviors. Livelihood resilience represents a farmer's ability to adapt to climate change. Therefore, this article aims to explore the impact of livelihood resilience and climate change perception on the climate change adaptation behavior of farmers in the Qinling Mountains region of China.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, 443 micro-survey data of farmers are obtained through one-on-one interviews with farmers. The Logit model and Poisson regression model are used to empirically examine the impact of farmers' livelihood resilience and climate change perception on their climate change adaptation behaviors.FindingsIt was found that 86.68% of farmers adopt adaptive behaviors to reduce the risks of facing climate change. Farmers' perception of extreme weather has a significant positive impact on their adaptive behavior under climate change. The resilience of farmers' livelihoods and their perception of rainfall have a significant positive impact on the intensity of their adaptive behavior under climate change. Climate change adaptation behaviors are also different for farmers with different levels of livelihood resilience.Originality/valueBased on the results, policy recommendations are proposed to improve farmers' perception of climate change, enhance the sustainability of farmers' adaptive behavior to climate change, strengthen emergency management and infrastructure construction and adjust and upgrade farmers' livelihood models.

Perceived Benefit, Policy Incentive and Farmers’ Organic Fertilizer Application in Protected Areas

The green production behaviors of farmers in protected areas (PAs) can reduce environmental disturbances and contribute to the effectiveness of PAs. Based on a survey of 708 farmers in Wuyishan National Park (WNP) and Crested Ibis Nature Reserve (CINR), we studied the influence of perceived benefit and policy incentive on farmers’ organic fertilizer application. Results: (1) Perceived benefit, subsidies policy, and propaganda policy significantly promoted farmers’ organic fertilizer application, with perceived benefit having the strongest effect, followed by subsidies policy. The influence of restriction policy was not significant. (2) Perceived benefit, subsidies policy, and propaganda policy indirectly influenced organic fertilizer application through ecological awareness. (3) In WNP, perceived benefit had the strongest effect on organic fertilizer application, and subsidies policy significantly enhanced farmers’ ecological awareness and influenced their behaviors. In contrast, subsidies policy had the strongest effect on organic fertilizer application, but did not significantly enhance farmers’ ecological awareness in CINR. These results offer valuable insights for promoting green production behaviors of farmers in PAs. This study implies that there must be a pathway for the realization of ecological value in ecological protection. Ecological value realization is the endogenous motivation for farmers’ sustainable green production behaviors. However, government subsidies and guidance are also essential in the early stage.

Conflict Resolution as A Game: The Government's Policy Agenda has Been Neglected Through Negotiation and Compensation

Purpose: This research examines how official actors play a role in resolving conflicts between the farming community and the cement company. Method: This qualitative research focuses on farmers in Puger District affected by PT Imasco Asiatic's irrigation canal closure, as well as community leaders. In-depth interviews will be conducted with participants, and data will be confirmed using GIS for accuracy. GIS is used to verify the accuracy of the information. Result and Discussion: Commodity factories in Indonesia have refused to implement the government's policy agenda and instead negotiated with the Water User Farmers Association (HIPPA) and provided compensation. Both official and unofficial parties, including community and religious leaders, tried to resolve the conflict, but HIPPA, without deliberation, agreed to accept compensation. The change in attitude of the Puger Kulon farming community made the government's struggle meaningful. The role of actors in the policy process is complex, with each actor competing to open policy windows and influence the agenda-setting stage. Implication of the Research: This research contributes to the existing literature by providing insights into conflict resolution between government companies and citizens. On the other hand, highlighting the role of actors in the policy process is complex, with each actor competing to open policy windows and influence the agenda-setting stage. Originality/Value: Official actors (government) dominate in policy making. However, the government has no coercive power since there is a non-official group (outside government) that has negotiated and changed the behavior of farmers.

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in the Integration of Tea and Tourism—An Empirical Study of Tea Farmers in Emeishan City

This paper is based on a questionnaire survey of 277 tea farmers and the operating enterprises of Jia’e Tea Valley in Emeishan City. Using the theory of deconstructive planning behavior, the influencing factors of the willingness of tea farmers to participate in the integration of tea and tourism are analyzed. In order to unleash the enthusiasm and initiative of tea farmers, promote the organic integration of tea industry and tourism, increase their income, and promote rural revitalization. The results indicate that (1) Behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control have a significant impact on the willingness of tea farmers to participate in the integration of tea and tourism, but the influence of tea tourism integration concepts on tea farmers’ behavioral attitudes is not significant. (2) Individual characteristics such as age, education level, family labor force, and per capita disposable income have a significant impact on tea farmer behavior attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, and have a significant indirect impact on the willingness to participate in tea tourism integration. Therefore, this article suggests that grassroots organizations should play a guiding role and increase publicity on the necessity and feasibility of integrating tea and tourism; Give full play to the leading role of village and community cadres, as well as the exemplary and driving role of tea farmers in the same village; Efforts will be made to enhance the recognition and trust of tea farmers in the enterprises they rely on, increase revenue expectations, expand participation channels, reduce participation thresholds and risks, and make tea farmers feel that they can make progress and gain through tea tourism integration, thereby enhancing their enthusiasm and initiative in participating in tea tourism integration.

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in the Integration of Tea and Tourism—An Empirical Study of Tea Farmers in Emeishan City

This paper is based on a questionnaire survey of 277 tea farmers and the operating enterprises of Jia’e Tea Valley in Emeishan City. Using the theory of deconstructive planning behavior, the influencing factors of the willingness of tea farmers to participate in the integration of tea and tourism are analyzed. In order to unleash the enthusiasm and initiative of tea farmers, promote the organic integration of tea industry and tourism, increase their income, and promote rural revitalization. The results indicate that (1) Behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control have a significant impact on the willingness of tea farmers to participate in the integration of tea and tourism, but the influence of tea tourism integration concepts on tea farmers’ behavioral attitudes is not significant. (2) Individual characteristics such as age, education level, family labor force, and per capita disposable income have a significant impact on tea farmer behavior attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, and have a significant indirect impact on the willingness to participate in tea tourism integration. Therefore, this article suggests that grassroots organizations should play a guiding role and increase publicity on the necessity and feasibility of integrating tea and tourism; Give full play to the leading role of village and community cadres, as well as the exemplary and driving role of tea farmers in the same village; Efforts will be made to enhance the recognition and trust of tea farmers in the enterprises they rely on, increase revenue expectations, expand participation channels, reduce participation thresholds and risks, and make tea farmers feel that they can make progress and gain through tea tourism integration, thereby enhancing their enthusiasm and initiative in participating in tea tourism integration.

Targeting farmers’ heterogeneity to enrich climate change adaptation policy design: findings from northern Italy

With its scientifically proven effects and widespread acceptance, climate change stands as one of the most pressing and intricate challenges for society and economies. Farmers are on the frontline of managing climate change. Therefore, how they perceive and respond to climate change shapes their risk assessment and structures future resilience and adaptive capacity. Employing a bottom-up approach, we conducted 460 surveys randomly among farmers throughout the Lombardy region in northern Italy. A triple-loop approach considering climate change awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation measures and barriers was implemented to characterize the potential heterogeneity of farmer behaviour and explore whether risk attitudes and adaptation actions differ between farmer profiles. We then profiled farmers through a clustering analysis. Four groups emerged, highlighting farmers’ adaptation preferences and risk attitudes: (1) cropping-adapted and isolated farmers, (2) cooperation-adapted and insecure farmers, (3) risk insurance-adapted and confident farmers, and (4) climate services-adapted and aware farmers. Although the groups vary in terms of farmers’ characterization and farming activities (e.g. young and highly educated vs. old and highly experienced farmers, rainfed vs. irrigated farms), similar patterns were observed regarding climate change awareness and perceived impacts—however, the contrast increased in terms of adaptation measures and barriers. Gaining a more comprehensive understanding of the diverse ways in which farmers assess risks and adapt can promote the transferability of bottom-up findings and inform the co-design of tailored and flexible adaptation instruments, minimizing the risk of maladaptation or ineffective transformation in the face of climate change.

Impact of Krushik Agricultural Exhibition on Technology Dissemination and Farmers

Disseminating knowledge and information within the farming community in a short period is a difficult task in developing countries. In the present era, social media may mislead the farming community, resulting in heavy losses. So, agricultural exhibitions based on the principles of ‘Seeing is believing’ & ‘Learning by doing’ must be planned to provide a real site of state-of-the-art advanced technologies developed by different agencies. So, the present study was conducted to analyze the impact of the Live Agricultural Expo, i.e. Krushik-2024, to get information regarding the behaviour and feedback of farmers visiting the Exhibition. The study reveals that the interest of young generation agricultural students is increasing in the agriculture sector. Moreover, live demonstration exhibitions/ farmer’s fairs/ technological weeks like “Krushik” can play a crucial role in the development of the farming community. It has emerged as an excellent platform through which advanced technologies from both public and private sectors can effectively disseminate within a short period.

The impact of rural e-commerce participation on farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior: Evidence based on CFPS data in China

The "Three Rural Issues", encompass challenges related to agriculture, farmer, and rural area, which hold significant importance in driving comprehensive rural revitalization efforts in China. Farmer entrepreneurship, as a crucial means to enhance productivity, create job opportunities, and increase residents’ income, has gradually become a key driving force in promoting rural revitalization in the new stage of development in China. With the rapid development of rural e-commerce, farmer entrepreneurship has encountered new opportunities. This study utilizes the 2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data and employs a structural equation model (SEM) to analyze the direct impact of rural e-commerce participation on farmer entrepreneurial behavior, considering factors such as human capital, social capital, and network infrastructure. This study further explores the indirect effects and mechanisms of e-commerce participation as a mediating variable and analyzes the impact and mechanisms on agricultural entrepreneurship behavior. The findings are as follows: (1) E-commerce participation significantly promotes farmer entrepreneurial behavior; (2) E-commerce participation as a mediating variable has a positive indirect effect on the relationship between social trust, network infrastructure, human capital, and farmer entrepreneurial behavior; (3) E-commerce participation has a significant positive influence on farmer entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector, and farmers with higher levels of network infrastructure and human capital have a higher probability of choosing agricultural entrepreneurship under the influence of e-commerce participation. Finally, this study provides policy recommendations in terms of infrastructure construction, entrepreneurial policy environment, and education level, aiming to optimize the situation of farmer entrepreneurship and contribute to the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization.Overall, the research in this paper effectively combines theory and empirical evidence to outline the direct and indirect impact mechanisms of rural e-commerce participation on farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior and agriculture-related entrepreneurial behavior and to test the effects of their impacts. First, most of the existing literature deals with farmers in individual sample areas, while the sample selected in this paper is farmers in the whole country, which is relatively more generalizable; second, most of the previous studies explore the level of e-commerce in the inter-provincial or county areas, while this paper expands the empirical study of rural e-commerce on the entrepreneurial behavior of farmers and the micro-period of agricultural entrepreneurial behavior, and focuses on the impacts of the e-commerce activities of farmers on their entrepreneurial behavior.

Adoption of Sustainable Farming Practices in the United States: A Study on Farmer Behavior

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the adoption of sustainable farming practices in the United States: a study on farmer behavior. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study on the adoption of sustainable farming practices in the United States revealed that a significant number of farmers are increasingly adopting methods such as crop rotation, organic farming, and reduced use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers, motivated by environmental concerns and economic incentives. However, barriers to adoption include the high initial costs and perceived risk of lower yields, which deter some farmers from fully committing to sustainable practices. Despite these challenges, there is a growing trend towards sustainability, supported by governmental incentives and an increasing market demand for organically produced goods. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Diffusion of innovations theory, theory of planned behavior (TPB) & social cognitive theory (SCT) may be used to anchor future studies on analyze adoption of sustainable farming practices in the United States: a study on farmer behavior. Agricultural extension services should develop specialized programs that focus on the practical benefits of sustainable practices, tailored to specific farming contexts and crops. Governments should consider offering financial incentives, such as subsidies or tax breaks, for farmers who adopt and maintain sustainable practices.

Variation in farming damselfish behaviour creates a competitive landscape of risk on coral reefs.

Interspecific interactions are fundamental drivers of animal space use. Yet while non-consumptive effects of predation risk on prey space use are well-known, the risk of aggressive interactions on space use of competitors is largely unknown. We apply the landscape of risk framework to competition-driven space use for the first time, with the hypothesis that less aggressive competitors may alter their behaviour to avoid areas of high competitor density. Specifically, we test how aggressive risk from territorial algal-farming damselfishes can shape the spatial distribution of herbivore fish competitors. We found that only the most aggressive damselfish had fewer competitors in their surrounding area, demonstrating that individual-level behavioural variation can shape spatial distributions. In contradiction to the landscape of risk framework, abundances of farming damselfish and other fishes were positively associated. Our results suggest that reef fishes do not simply avoid areas of high damselfish abundance, but that spatial variation in aggressive behaviour, rather than of individuals, created a competitive landscape of risk. We emphasize the importance of individual-level behaviour in identifying patterns of space use and propose expanding the landscape of risk framework to non-predatory interactions to explore cascading behavioural responses to aggressive risk.

Non-farm income and environmental efficiency of the farmers: Evidence from India

In the face of various agro-climatic shocks when agricultural income becomes highly volatile, farmers often undertake multiple jobholding and engage in non-farm activities for income smoothing. The earnings from these activities are often used to purchase productivity enhancing agricultural inputs. In this context, the impact of non-farm income on intensification of agricultural inputs and the consequent impact on over-all farm efficiency is well documented in the literature. However, with a rapid rise in usage of agricultural inputs with environmentally detrimental impact, very little is known about whether non-farm income has any impact on farmers’ environmental efficiency-ability to reduce the amount of polluting inputs to the largest extent possible without reducing the amount of agricultural production. Our study fills the gap in the literature by analysing the impact of non-farm income on environmental efficiency of the farmers. We first estimate the environmental efficiency scores adopting the non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and using a household level panel data from Village Dynamics of South Asia project on Indian states for a span of five years (2010–2014). We then estimate the impact of non-farm income on environmental efficiency using Instrumental Variable Tobit Model. Our results show that average environmental efficiency of the Indian farmers was 46 % during the study period indicating the fact that a reduction in polluting agricultural inputs by 54 % was possible without compromising the level of farm production. We also find that for 1 % increase in non-farm income, environmental efficiency of farmers rises by around 4 %. This reflects the environment friendly behaviour of farmers as a channel through which non-farm activities affect usage of environmentally linked inputs. These results provide vital policy insights in terms of how non-farm activities could be integrated with policies related to farming, in order to ensure sustainable agricultural practices.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Farmers Towards Restoration of Degraded Land; the Cases of Harbo and Adea districts in the Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Land restoration is one of Ethiopia's top priorities for aligning development efforts with a climate-resilient green economy. In Ethiopia, initiatives to rehabilitate degraded land are generally evaluated in terms of the local people's economic and environmental impacts. Farmers' knowledge, attitudes, and actions toward land restoration, on the other hand, have to be taken into consideration for long-term natural resource conservation. As a consequence, this study examines the relationships between farmers' knowledge, attitude, and contributions to behavioral change in the restoration of degraded land. Data were collected from 120 farmers who participated in the restoration of degraded land. Structural equation models and mediation analyses were utilized for path analysis. The findings indicated that farmers had a good understanding of land restoration techniques. Analysis of the causal models revealed that farmers' attitude toward land restoration is highly influenced by their knowledge level of farmers. The outcome also revealed that positive attitudes of farmers resulted in behavioral change towards land restoration. Effective local community participation in the land restoration process and strengthening of their knowledge and attitudes that influence their behavior should be the cornerstones of sustainable land restoration.

The Use of Insecticides Viewed from a Technical View of Applications in Corn Crops: Case Study of Corn Farmer Behavior

Synthetic insecticides are still used as the main solution in suppressing herbivorous insect attacks on maize at the farm level. The purpose of this research is to determine and find new ways farmers use insecticides wisely through a multi-aspect approach. The method used to determine the sample was purposive sampling with 50 corn farmers spread across five villages in the Tambulava sub-district. Primary data collection was obtained by observation through direct interviews with corn farmers using a prepared semi-structured questionnaire, and secondary data were obtained through a literature study and various sources related to research issues. Quantitative data were analyzed by simple tabulation (cross-tabulation analysis), while qualitative data were analyzed using an interpretation of existing phenomena. The results showed that four herbivorous insect species attacked corn plants in the Tanambulava District: Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverva armigera, Ostrinia furnacalis, and Locusta sp. Insecticide application time by local farmers is generally done in the morning by 90%, with application frequency varying 1-3 times a week. There are 13 active insecticide ingredients used by corn farmers in Tambulava District, Sigi Regency.

Policy governance in the plantation sector: Challenges and impacts of palm oil in Riau Province, Indonesia

This study aims to examine and challenge the impact of local government policy governance on the oil palm plantation sector in Riau Province, Indonesia. It was discovered that 1,628 million hectares of illegal oil palm plantations are located within forest areas. Plantation area and crop harvest areas are declining due to the increase in damaged old plants, low productivity of plantation crops, inadequate facilities and infrastructure conditions, low technology application, plantation business licensing, limited downstream plantation industry and marketing, assistance in changing the attitudes, behavior, and skills of farmers. The methodology used was exploratory qualitative to explore this topic, and the determination of research topics was conducted using Biblioshiny application analysis. Then, the data was analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results of this study discovered that the policy governance of the oil palm plantation sector as a leading commodity in Riau Province, Indonesia, is influenced by three dimensions: firstly, the actor dimension; secondly, the structural dimension; and third, the empirical dimension of governance. This research contributes as a knowledge reference to oil palm plantations.

Konformitas Individu dalam Kelompok

This research aims to determine the conformity of an individual farmer in a farmer group in Koto Panjang Ikur Koto Village. Conformity is refers to an influence of the social environment that can change individual attitudes and behavior so that they comply with applicable norms or rules. This research a employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Researchers interviewed the parties involved, namely the extension staff of the Padang City Agricultural Service, the staff of the Agricultural Extension Center as companions to farmer groups in Koto Panjang Ikur Koto Subdistrict, Farmer Group Management, and Farmer Group members. The finding shows that the dimensions that most dominantly influence the behavior of farmers in Koto Panjang Ikur Koto Subdistrict to carry out conformity are solidarity and trust. High levels of trust among members and close relationships between individuals (cohesion) and the group contributes to shape positive conformity. On the other hand, equality of opinion and agreement is not fully implemented, because female members tend to follow the opinion of the group leader or male members who are considered dominant, which creates negative conformity. Meanwhile, in the obedience indicator, there are still group members with low participation because they do not attend meetings held by the group.

PURCHASE CHANNEL SELECTION OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY BY WHEAT AND BARLEY FARMERS IN IRAQ: A TRANSACTIONS COST ATTITUDE

This study was aimed to identify the role of transaction costs and their attributes in the selection of markets for the purchase of agricultural mechanization services in Baghdad province. To achieve this goal, a random sample of 150 wheat and barley farmers in the province was selected, and the data was collected through a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose. The research was based on the transaction cost theory as a modified theoretical framework to explain the farmer's behavior towards choosing installment market channels to buy agricultural machinery and through the analysis of the binary logistic regression model. The results of the regression analysis showed that some elements of transaction cost, such as a privacy and uncertainty, have an important role in determining and choosing the installment market for the purchase of tractors, while the element of the number of repeat transactions proved its important role in choosing the installment market for seeders, and the time saving element showed its important role in choosing the installment market for combine harvesters. The results also showed the existence of significant differences in some demographic and economic characteristics related to farmer, such as farmer experience, farm area and net farm income, in influencing the respondents' decision towards choosing the markets for agricultural machinery transactions referred to above.

Towards predicting the pro-environmental behaviour of wheat farmers by using the application of value-belief-norm theory

Towards predicting the pro-environmental behaviour of wheat farmers by using the application of value-belief-norm theory

Adoption of Pest Management Practice Wise Green Technologies Utilization Behaviour of Trichy and Madurai District Farmers in Rice-based Ecosystem

The current study was carried out in Madurai and Trichy districts of Tamil Nadu. Two blocks from each district were chosen. For this study, a total sample size of 240 people was used. It was seen that 52.08 per cent of the respondents had fully adopted the destruction of stubbles after harvest in which 56.67 per cent of Trichy district farmers and 47.50 per cent of Madurai district farmers had fully adopted the above practice in order to avoid yellow stem borer. More than half (51.67%) of the farmers had adopted placing of dry fish in the field in which 56.67 per cent of Trichy district farmers and 46.66 per cent of Madurai district farmers had fully adopted this practice. It was observed that 50.00 per cent of Trichy district respondents and 27.50 per cent of Madurai district respondents had partially adopted the practice of dipping the seedlings with chloropyriphos to avoid the attack of termites.

Unraveling the interplay of human decisions and flood risk: An agent-based modeling approach

Flooding is a frequent and highly destructive natural disaster that requires effective flood management policies. This paper addresses the limitations of traditional flood risk assessment methods, focusing on the interplay between human decisions and flood risk using an integrated approach. Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) is employed to capture the social behavior of government, households, and farmers in three flood management scenarios. The study is conducted in the Fall River watershed, Idaho, USA, over a 30-year period. The results highlight the important influence of crop selection decisions on flood damage outcomes, with alfalfa emerging as the preferred crop due to its profitability and lower damage potential (around 67 % crop loss compared to more than 81 % for crops like corn, barley, and wheat). The levee scenario is identified as the most effective strategy, significantly reducing flood damage by more than 37 % and generating the highest average annual profit for farmers. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive flood risk management strategies that address both frequent and rare flood occurrences in mitigating flood damage and promoting community resilience. By integrating human-flood interactions into flood risk assessment, this study offers valuable insights for Policymakers and stakeholders can utilize the research implications to develop effective strategies that mitigate damage and enhance community resilience.