Behavior Drug Use Research Articles

Aesthetics of urban commercial streets from the perspective of cognitive memory and user behavior in urban environments

Streets are one of the major elements that make-up the urban environment. Urban commercial and mixed-use street types occur as public spaces in every town and city all around the world. With the paucity of such spaces, streets have taken up to solve the problem. Hence, this study assesses the key physical, visual, and aesthetical characteristics and examines the influence of aesthetical attributes over the activity pattern, user behavioral responses, and the color palette observed. Moreover, this research has been carried out in Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. Four significant commercial streets were identified and featured in the main study. The research method comprehends a structured questionnaire and multiple interviews to amass data, photo elicitation, and video corroboration to identify the key visual characteristics to study and scrutinize the aesthetical responses to various attributes that make good-looking urban commercial and mixed-use street types. The results of the study indicate that the diversity and perceived pleasantness of the environment, which includes elements such as facades, colors, aspect ratios, maintenance, and vegetation, has a very close association with walking preferences. The outcome of the study would also help architects, urban designers and planners, and policy makers to create positive spaces to foster urban commercial street types as place-making and aesthetically pleasing streets.

Deep Brain Stimulation in Drug Addiction Treatment: Research Progress and Perspective.

Drug addiction is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and drug-using behavior, and a tremendous socioeconomic burden to society. Current pharmacological and psychosocial methods have shown limited treatment effects for substance abuse. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a novel treatment for psychiatric disease and has gradually gained popularity in the treatment of addiction. Addiction is characterized by neuroplastic changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key structure in the brain reward system, and DBS in this region has shown promising treatment effects. In this paper, the research progress on DBS for drug addiction has been reviewed. Specifically, we discuss the mechanism of NAc DBS for addiction treatment and summarize the results of clinical trials on DBS treatment for addiction to psychoactive substances such as nicotine, alcohol, cocaine, opioids and methamphetamine/amphetamine. In addition, the treatment effects of DBS in other brain regions, such as the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) and insula are discussed.

Fentanyl Contamination as a Risk Priority: the Impact of the Fentanyl Epidemic on Club Drug-Using Behaviours

Background Over the last decade, rates of fentanyl-related overdoses have increased substantially across North America, a phenomenon which has widely been described as the “fentanyl epidemic.” While research has explored the cultural impact of the fentanyl epidemic on opioid and/or injection drug use, less is known about its impact on other types of drug use. Drawing on two years of ethnographic research with people who use club drugs in Toronto’s Electronic Dance Music (EDM) scene, this study looks at how people who use club drugs make sense of and respond to the fentanyl epidemic. Methods Data for the study was collected via participant observation and semi-structured interviews (n = 26). Findings The key finding was that fentanyl contamination had become a “risk priority” for the participants. They thereby adjusted their drug-using behaviors to account for this risk. However, by prioritizing fentanyl contamination above everything else, they often overlooked and/or disregarded other forms of harm reduction that they had once practiced (like getting testing kits to test for other adulterants). Conclusion The findings suggest that the fentanyl epidemic has impacted not only practices of illegal opioid use, but also practices of club drug use. They suggest that the fentanyl epidemic has in some ways facilitated the adoption of risk management, while in other ways undermined it. The findings are interpreted with reference to Rhodes’ “risk environment” framework and with particular attention to the need for harm reduction interventions that take into consideration how risk perceptions and behaviors are situation- and context-dependent.

ADHD and addictive behavior in crack-cocaine users

BackgroundCrack consumption is a major public health issue in Martinique with a poor prognosis. A preliminary study has found a high prevalence of history of childhood ADHD (C-ADHD) in crack users. ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of C-ADHD and adult ADHD (A-ADHD) in crack users and their potential associations with substance use behavior. MethodsAll consecutive patients consulting in the public academic hospital covering 376,000 inhabitants were included in the present study and received a comprehensive battery measuring addictive behavior, psychiatric and somatic comorbidities. C-ADHD groups and A-ADHD groups were defined with the Wender-Utah Rating Scale-25 and the Brown ADD Rating Scale, respectively. Impulsivity was evaluated with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). FindingsIn total, 111 participants were evaluated. Among them, 50 (45%) were classified in the C-ADHD group and 20 (18%) in the A-ADHD group. Compared to the patients without ADHD, those with ADHD were found to have higher impulsivity (C-ADHD: BIS total score 67.90 (10.1) vs. 63.28 (10.5), P=0.021, BIS attentional score 17.5 (3.6) vs. 15.3 (3.4), P=0.002, A-ADHD: BIS total score 75.1 (11.3) vs. 63.4 (9.2), P<0.001, BIS motor impulsivity 26.9 (5.3) vs. 22.6 (4.3), P<0.001, BIS attentional score 19.3 (3.3) vs. 15.6 (3.5), P<0.001, BIS planification 28.9 (5.7) vs. 25.10 (4.7), P=0.003). Fifty percent of A-ADHD patients were found with high impulsivity vs. 15% of patients without A-ADHD (P<0.001). However, ADHD was not associated with more severe addictive behavior or history of legal consequences. InterpretationADHD prevalence is high in cocaine-crack users and associated with increased impulsivity. However, neither ADHD nor impulsivity explains addictive behaviors or legal consequences.

Combining user behavioural information at the feature level to enhance continuous authentication systems

The scientific and business communities are proposing new authentication methods more robust than traditional solutions relying on a single security point such as passwords (i.e. “something you know”). User and Entity Behavior Analysis (UEBA) has postulated as an excellent solution to improve authentication systems by performing continuous authentication to extend the authentication process over time. UEBA is based on detecting anomalies in the intrinsic behaviour of each user or entity (i.e. it is based on “something you are/do”). This paper presents a method for performing continuous authentication using UEBA techniques that allows combining information from multiple sources at the feature level. This combination is achieved through a novel Symbolic Aggregate approximation (SAX) using Random Trees Embeddings for each information source, producing a sequence of symbols. Then, these sequences of symbols are combined into a single sequence using temporal information. The resulting sequence of symbols feeds a density-based clustering model that uses a distance based on DNA sequence alignment techniques to extract behavioural cores. Finally, new samples are compared against these cores to detect anomalies using a risk model that evaluates if a behaviour is anomalous (suspected user impersonation). The model has been extensively tested and evaluated against well-known state-of-the-art datasets.

Evaluating knowledge-based security questions for fallback authentication.

Failed user authentication is a common event. Forgotten passwords and fingerprint non-recognition are the most common causes. Therefore, there is a need for efficient backup authentication methods, known as fallback authentication. However, fallback authentication methods suffer from different security and usability issues. This study aims to improve the security and usability of knowledge-based fallback authentication in the form of static security questions. The approach proposed in this study was designed considering different factors, such as question features, authentication mechanisms, and the use of tools to aid in composing memorable and secure answers. This study used a two-part experiment with 23 participants to evaluate the proposed approach based on security model testing. The results show that the proposed approach offered improved resistance to blind guess, focused guess, and observation guess attacks. While usability was clearly improved with questions that were based on recognition mechanisms, our results indicate that fallback authentication systems need a flexible level of security and avoidance of complexity in composing answers. In addition, our results indicate the effectiveness of using user behavioral details in the choice of topics for questions, where behavioral questions must have both high recall levels and resistance against guessing attacks. This work theoretically extends the knowledge of fallback authentication research by evaluating new security questions for fallback authentication considering replace of classical topics of security questions by introducing new topics of security questions based on user behavior and personal preferences. Also, this study applies methods of managing answers to security questions by encouraging users to compose answers based on free strict rules that inspire them to create strong and memorable answers based on their own rules. In addition, the findings of this study could support the deployment of knowledge-based authentication in fallback systems as a practical contribution to the user authentication field.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on illicit drug supply, drug-related behaviour of people who use drugs and provision of drug related services in Georgia: results of a mixed methods prospective cohort study

BackgroundThis study examines the effects of COVID-19 related restrictions on the supply of illicit drugs, drug-use behaviour among people who use drugs (PWUD) regularly (at least weekly), and drug-related service provision in Tbilisi, Georgia.MethodologyIn this mixed methods study, a cohort of 50 Georgian PWUD recruited through a snow-ball sampling participated in a bi-weekly online survey in April–September, 2020. They also took part in the qualitative telephone interviews at 12- and 24-week follow-up time points. In addition, four key informants (field experts) were interviewed monthly to assess their perceptions of changes in the illicit drug market and drug service delivery.ResultsMean age in the sample was 36 (range 18–60); 39 (78%) were males. Perceived availability of drugs was reduced during the lockdown, and many PWUD switched to alternative substances when preferred drugs were not available. On average, participants used significantly fewer substances over the course of the study, from 3.5 substances in the preceding 14 days to 2.1 (aOR 0.92; 95% CI 0.90–0.94). Consumption of cannabis products declined significantly (aOR 0.89; 95% CI 0.84–0.95), likewise alcohol (aOR 0.94; 95% CI 0.88–1.0), diverted medicinal methadone (aOR 0.85; 95% CI 0.8–0.9) and diverted medicinal buprenorphine (aOR 0.91; 95% CI 0.84–0.99). PWUD cited fewer contacts with drug dealers, the lack of transportation, and the lack of conventional recreational environment as the main reasons for these changes. When access to sterile injection equipment was limited, PWUD exercised risk-containing injection behaviours, such as buying drugs in pre-filled syringes (aOR 0.88; 95% CI 0.80–0.96). Harm reduction and treatment programs managed to adopt flexible strategies to recover services that were affected during the initial stage of the pandemic.ConclusionsCOVID-19-related restrictive measures mediated specific changes in supply models and drug-use behaviours. While adjusting to the new environment, many PWUD would engage in activities that put them under increased risk of overdose and blood-borne infections. Harm reduction and treatment services need to develop and implement protocols for ensuring uninterrupted service delivery during lockdowns, in anticipation of the similar epidemics or other emergency situations.

Associations between adverse childhood experiences and adulthood substance use among lesbians

Objective: To investigate the associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACE) and substance use behaviors among lesbians to provide a scientific basis for high-risk population identification and formulation of targeted intervention measures. Methods: Lesbians who participated in routine AIDS voluntary counseling, testing services, activities, and peer recommendations were recruited from July to December 2018, with the help of LesPark in Beijing. Convenient sampling method was used. Demographic characteristics, ACE, and substance use behaviors of subjects were investigated using an online platform powered by www.wjx.cn. Subsequently, the associations between ACE and adulthood substance use behaviors were evaluated using the logistic regression model. The SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 294 lesbians were recruited in the study, 81.3% (239/294) of them were lesbians, and 18.7% (55/294) were bisexuals. Besides, 55.8% (164/294) of subjects reported they had had ACE, with proportions of lesbians experiencing abuse, neglect, and family dysfunction as 33.3% (98/294), 24.5% (72/294), and 32.7% (96/294), respectively. 55.1% (162/294) of the lesbians reported they had smoked in the past 30 days, 11.2% (33/294) reported having drug-use behavior in the past three months, and 22.8% (67/294) claimed drinking alcohol weekly. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lesbians with ACE were at high risks to smoke (OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.13-3.08), drink (OR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.18-3.84), and use drugs (OR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.29-8.61) in adulthood. Moreover, lesbians with childhood family dysfunction were at higher risk of smoking cigarettes (OR=2.60, 95%CI: 1.46-4.62) and drinking alcohol (OR=2.65, 95%CI: 1.44-4.87). At the same time, those with abuse experience were at higher risk of drug use (OR=3.17, 95%CI: 1.26-7.96). Conclusions: Substance use behaviors, including cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol, and drugs use, were common among lesbians. Positive associations were found between ACE and adulthood substance use behaviors.

Measuring Gratification From and Consequences of Likes

Abstract. Paralinguistic digital affordances (PDAs; e.g., likes) are sought out by social media users and serve an important function of enhancing social reputation in online contexts. Nonetheless, there has been no standardized measure for evaluating gratification from receiving PDAs. This study provides a brief, validated self-report questionnaire on PDA gratification. The results of factor analysis verified the three-factor structure (i.e., emotional, status, and social gratifications) of the questionnaire. Internal consistency was established using inter-item correlation, corrected item-total correlation, and Cronbach’s alpha. Gratification from receiving PDAs was positively associated with risky behaviors used to enhance fame, tendency to use social media’s black market, and problematic Internet use. The findings provide preliminary evidence that gratification from receiving PDAs may increase the likelihood of maladaptive fame-seeking behaviors in social media users. The Gratification From Receiving PDAs Questionnaire appears to be a promising measure that may offer new insights into the motivations involved in social media use.

A State of the Art Review on User Behavioral Issues in Online Social Networks

Abstract: Social networks are aimed at information sharing and friend-making due to the rapid development of Online Social Networks (OSN) and the increasing number of online users. The OSNs are also becoming an ideal platform for merchandise recommendation, opinion expression, information diffusion, and influence generation. Different types of social network services and users select the appropriate social network technology, services, and applications to meet their sociability, entertainment, or information retrieval needs. User behavior involves user interaction, access, and browsing of the OSN. The users have different roles in different groups of social networks. Different identifications of the user may cause the user's intention to change. The user's intention may change as a result of different identifications. In this work, we discuss an introduction to OSN, single and multi-platform user behavior with various prediction models and recommendations.

Examination of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate-glutamine levels in association with impulsive behavior in adolescent marijuana users

BackgroundAdolescent marijuana (MJ) use has been associated with alterations in brain structure and function as well as behavior. Examination of neurochemical correlates such as GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and Glx (glutamate + glutamine) in MJ users remains limited. Impulsivity, identified as a risk factor and consequence of MJ use, has been associated with GABA and Glx levels in healthy and clinical populations. However, this relationship has not been investigated in MJ users. In this study, we examined levels of GABA and Glx in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its relationship with impulsive behavior in MJ-using adolescents and healthy controls. MethodsHealthy control subjects (HC; N = 21) and MJ-using adolescents (N = 18) completed a metabolite-edited 1H MRS exam to measure ACC GABA and Glx levels, a structured clinical interview to assess MJ use, and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) to evaluate impulsive behavior. ResultsAdolescent MJ users had significantly lower tissue-corrected GABA (with macromolecules; GABA+) levels (p = 0.029) compared to HC’s. No significant between-group differences were observed in ACC Glx levels. Assessment of impulsive behavior demonstrated no significant between-group differences in motor, non-planning, attention, and total impulsivity scores. Additionally, impulsivity measures and tissue-corrected GABA+ or Glx levels were not significantly correlated in either group. ConclusionLower GABA levels in MJ users may indicate alterations in excitatory-inhibitory mechanisms critical for neurodevelopment. Although no significant relationships were observed between impulsive measures and GABA or Glx levels in both groups, further investigations are needed examining the relationship between neurochemical correlates, behavior, and adolescent MJ use.

An Explanatory Study on User Behavior in Discovering Aggregated Multimedia Web Content

The recent advancements in the web allow users to generate multimedia content, resulting in multimedia information proliferation. Existing search engines provide access to multimedia content via a disjoint assembly of media-specific results called verticals. However, this decentralized assembly of media contents requires manual aggregation and synthesizing efforts at the user&#x2019;s end, hindering the information exploration process and subsequently may cause cognitive overload, hence, demanding innovative tools to discover multimedia content. The researchers have devised numerous state-of-the-art approaches; however, analysis to confirm the efficacy has little emphasis. This study investigates users&#x2019; complex multimedia information-seeking behavior over state-of-the-art web search systems to unveil the user&#x2019;s information-seeking issues. Our research employs between-subjects study and post hoc analysis strategies to analyze participants&#x2019; information-seeking characteristics. The study design adopted statistical hypothesis testing to consolidate previous user behavioral studies, confirm existing strategies, and present recommended practices for future general-purpose web search engines. The participants were assigned Google and an advanced discovery search system using the same multimedia dataset to ensure the obtained results&#x2019; credibility. The primary behavioral parameters include search efforts, multimedia content exploration, search user interface (SUI), information management and presentation, and user cognition. This study uncovers several inadequacies of the search engines in meeting users&#x2019; complex discovery needs, including 29.6% less user engagement, 43% system and searching dissatisfaction, and 32% less knowledge acquisition with 63.9% increased clicking effort on traditional search engines. The results confirmed previous user studies and suggest novel research recommendations statistically significant in multimedia information exploration-related endeavors.

Relația dintre publicitatea online și amplificarea comportamentelor narcisiste la tineri

Cyberpsychology analyzed, since the beginning of the 90s, human behaviour in the digital environment and emphasized a few defining effects of this behaviour, such as the online anonymity effect, related to the online uninhibited effect or the online escalation effect. (Aiken 2019, 13) Analyzed from this perspective, online narcissism, exacerbated by the intense social media usage during the Covid-19 pandemic, is a behaviour amplified in the digital environment, compared to its dimensions in the real life. The specialists underline that individuals who use social media excessively develop narcissistic tendencies, and the young manifest oppositional behaviours, aggressive and anxious tendencies, being the most vulnerable category of the online public. The article analyses the relationship between online publicity and the amplification of narcissistic behaviours in young users, using as a case study the campaign #TheSelfieTalk, launched by the brand DOVE in the spring of 2021, as a communication programme meant to fight the young girls’ vulnerability in social media.

Factors Associated with the Involvement of Women Drug Users in Risky Sexual Behaviors: A Narrative Review.

Drug use is known as an important underlying factor in the occurrence of risky sexual behaviors. The present study was conducted to identify the factors associated with the involvement of women drug users in risky sexual behaviors. This review was conducted by searching databases of ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), the Iranian Magazine Database (Magiran), the Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc), and the Iranian Medical Articles Database (IranMedex) and searching through the Google Scholar engine. All the articles published in English and Persian using the keywords including substance use, drug users, addiction, substance use disorders, substance-related disorders, sexual risks, high-risk sexual behavior, HIV risk behavior, unsafe sex, unprotected sex, and risky sex were searched from January 2000 to December 2020. After reviewing the articles, out of 110 articles, 21 articles were selected for final evaluation. Factors related to the involvement of women drug users in risky sexual behaviors were divided into five categories: individual factors, factors related to drug use, inter-personal relationships, gender discrimination, and socio-economic factors. The results can be used in the field of women's social harms in finding strategies and designing the necessary interventions to prevent risky sexual behaviors in women drug users in different societies and cultural contexts. Also, the results can be used by all researchers who want to study the relationship between these factors and the involvement of women drug users in risky sexual behaviors.

Telecom Fraud Detection via Hawkes-enhanced Sequence Model

Detecting frauds from a massive amount of user behavioral data is often regarded as finding a needle in a haystack. While tremendous efforts have been devoted to fraud detection from behavioral sequences, existing studies rarely consider behavioral targets and companions and their interactions simultaneously in a sequence model. In this paper, we suggest extracting source and target neighbor sequences from the temporal bipartite network of user behaviors, and disclose the interesting correlation mode and repetition mode hidden inside the two types of sequences as important clues for fraudsters distinguishment. We then propose a novel Hawkes-enhanced sequence model (HESM) by integrating the Hawkes process into LSTM for historical influence learning. A historical attention mechanism is also proposed to enhance the strength of the long-term historical influence in response to the repetition mode. Moreover, in order to collectively model both types of neighbor sequences for capturing the correlation mode, we propose a correlation gate to control the information flow in sequences. We conduct extensive experiments on real-world datasets and demonstrate that HESM outperforms competitive baseline methods consistently in telecom fraud detection. Particularly, the abilities of HESM in historical influence leaning and sequence correlation learning have been explored visually and intensively.

Personalized Recommendation of Location-Based Services Using Spatio-Temporal-Aware Long and Short Term Neural Network

User behavioral data are critical for predicting the next item in a recommendation system, which can be acquired by location-based services. However, existing approaches directly use latitude and longitude information, rather than fully exploitation of the location information. In order to better utilize location information and user behavior data, considering the shortcomings of existing models, a spatial-temporal long and short-term neural network(SLSTNN) is proposed in this paper for location-based personalized service recommendation. SLSTNN is the first attempt to comprehensively characterize the long and short term sequences of users, which is achieved by a double-layer attention mechanism and integrated with a deep neural network to improve the representation of spatio-temporal data. In addition, the explicit feature cross-network is employed to characterize user profiles and context features. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SLSTNN framework outperforms the state-of-the-art methods with an improvement of online conversion rate by 2.14%. SLSTNN addresses the insufficient feature crossing problem in the simple sequence model and can be potentially used in many recommendation systems.

Analisa Penerimaan Sistem Pembelajaran E-Learning Pada Masa Pandemic Menggunakan Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square

The Covid 19 pandemic has had a major influence on the order of human life at this time, including in the world of education. Teachers and educators as essential elements in teaching are required to undertake an unprecedented large-scale migration from traditional face-to-face education to online education or distance education. One of the learning systems used is the e-learning learning system. E-learning is a learning system that is carried out using electronic media. This research was conducted to test user acceptance of the e-learning learning system using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). TAM is an analytical model to determine user behavior regarding the acceptance of a technology Testing is done by measuring the influence between variables in the TAM model which includes the variables Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Attitude Toward Using, Behavioral Intention, and Actual Usage. Testing the influence of factors is carried out using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) - Partial Least Squares (PLS). Evaluation data is obtained from questionnaires distributed to users of the e-learning system. The results show that there is a direct influence between perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on user behavioral attitudes which have implications for behavioral intentions to use technology (e-learning). This means that users of the e-learning system have the perception that the e-learning system is easy to use so that users can accept the e-learning system and continue to use it in their daily lives Keywords : e-learning, Technology Acceptance Model, Structural Equation Model, Partial Least Squares

Assessment of Exclusive, Dual, and Polytobacco E-Cigarette Use and COVID-19 Outcomes Among College Students.

PurposeThis study examined current (past 30-day) dual- and polytobacco use patterns and COVID-19 symptomatology, testing, and diagnosis status among college student electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users.DesignCross-sectional online questionnaire administered during October–December 2020.SettingFour large, U.S. public universities in geographically diverse locations.SampleCollege students (N=756) ages 18–24 who reported current e-cigarette use.MeasuresCurrent use of e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and cigars, and self-reported COVID-19 symptomatology, testing, and diagnosis status were measured.AnalysisMultivariable logistic regression models accounting for students’ demographics, university site, fraternity/sorority membership, and current residence.ResultsOver half (53.6%) of students were exclusive e-cigarette users, 20.4% were dual e-cigarette and combustible cigarette users, 4.6% were dual e-cigarette and cigar users, and 21.4% were poly users of e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and cigars. Compared to exclusive e-cigarette users, dual users of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes (AOR=2.12, 95%CI=1.05–4.27) and poly users of e-cigarettes, combustible cigarettes, and cigars (AOR=3.70, 95%CI=1.78–7.70) had increased odds of COVID-19 symptomatology, even when accounting for covariates. While current tobacco use groups did not differ based on COVID-19 testing, polytobacco users had significantly increased odds (AOR=2.16, 95%CI=1.11–4.20) of having received a positive COVID-19 diagnosis.ConclusionGiven use of two or more tobacco products increased COVID-19-related risks, results underscore the need to prevent dual- and polytobacco use behaviors in college student e-cigarette users.

Factors influencing user behaviour in micromobility sharing systems: A systematic literature review and research directions

In light of the Micromobility Sharing Systems (MSS) boom, specifically bike and scooter sharing, related academic studies have grown accordingly in the last few years. However, contributions are scattered, particularly regarding the knowledge about the user of these systems. This article provides a systematic review of the studied factors influencing MSS user behaviour and offers insights for future research. An inclusive search of the Web of Science and Scopus databases was performed to identify related literature. The final analysis included 203 articles that met the eligibility criteria. The findings were organised into three main groups that aggregate 25 factors influencing MSS user behavioural responses: (i) temporal, spatial and weather-related factors, (ii) system-related factors and (iii) user-related factors. The review uncovered several neglected factors, as well as theoretical and methodological gaps in the literature. Based on that, the study suggests directions for future studies including researching the emotional influences and outcomes of MSS use, considering environmental beliefs and behaviours in the MSS context, examining negative behaviours and negative assessments of MSS use, and consolidating the use of theoretical frameworks.

Maximizing the social-economy impacts of urban green space in several cities in Indonesia

Trees in urban green space areas serve not only aesthetic purposes but also various ecological functions, including filtering air pollutants, improving groundwater quality, and generating biodiversity of flora and fauna. However, the presence of urban Urban Green Space (UGS) must equal 30% of the urban area, which is still constrained by regulations and community participation. Therefore, this paper aims to capture an overview of the existing UGS in several regions in Indonesia by using qualitative methods., which included over ten locations in Lampung and several cities throughout Indonesia for comparison, yielded several findings that can hopefully be used to inform the development of UGS policies. The findings demonstrate the numerous benefits of open space, particularly mental health, nature conservation, social interaction, and economic development. The critical nature of UGS, particularly in regencies/municipalities, requires increased awareness and effective management by involving as many stakeholders as possible, including the private sector and the community as users. The implication of this research is, in a sustainability context, with the need to instill sustainable behavior in users and to stimulate economic growth, a business model based on environmental stewardship is required, specifically the circular business model