Student Behavior Patterns Research Articles

Profiles of classroom behavior in high schools: Associations with teacher behavior management strategies and classroom composition

Although there has been considerable attention to the issue of classroom management and processes in educational reform models, there has been relatively limited research on these factors in high schools. The current study utilized observational data from 1262 classrooms in 52 high schools to examine teacher classroom management strategies and ratings of student compliance, engagement, and social disruption. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted to examine specific patterns of classroom-wide student behavior in relation to teachers' use of classroom management strategies and classroom composition. The LPA revealed three distinct classroom behavioral profiles where students consistently met behavioral expectations (71%), inconsistently met expectations (23%), and were noncompliant (6%). Analyses indicated a functional association between patterns of student behavior and teachers' classroom management. In classrooms where students consistently met expectations, teachers provided more opportunities to respond and less disapproval and reactive behavioral management. Classrooms with noncompliant students had teachers who used the most disapproval and reactive behavior management. In addition, classrooms characterized as consistent had fewer males and more White students than classrooms characterized by inconsistent and noncompliant behaviors. These findings highlight the link between student patterns of behavior and teacher classroom management and have important implications for screening and professional development.

Analyzing the Quality of Students Interaction in a Distance Learning Object-Oriented Programming Discipline

Teaching object-oriented programming to students in an in-classroom environment demands well-thought didactic and pedagogical strategies in order to guarantee a good level of apprenticeship. To teach it on a completely distance learning environment (e-learning) imposes possibly other strategies, besides those that the e-learning model of Open University of Portugal dictates. This article analyses the behavior of the students of the 1st cycle in Computer Science while interacting with the object-oriented programming (OOP) discipline available to them on the Moodle platform. Through the evaluation of the level of interaction achieved in a group of relevant selected actions by the students, it is possible to identify their relevancy to the success of the programming learning process. Data was extracted from Moodle, numerically analyzed, and, with the use of some charts, behavior patterns of students were identified. This paper points out potential new approaches to be considered in e-learning in order to enhance programming learning results, besides confirming a high level of drop-out and a low level of interaction, thus finding no clear correlation between students’ success and the number of online actions (especially in forums), which reveals a possible failure of the main pillar on which the e-learning model relies.

Pattern Determination Of Environmental And Public Indicators Of Schools Campus Design In Zanjan With Sustainable Development Approach

Abstract. As schools are effective factors on human being life and contain great educational process, suitable designate based on behavioral patterns of students seems more significant. Moreover, since natural environments include educational value by nature, student's communication in schools with natural environment should be supported. Thus, patterns determination on about school`s landscaping in Zanjan has been studied. Therefore, three schools of both two regions of Zanjan have been selected and visited. Field studies show that there are major problems and weak points in current approach of school designs. To encounter practically, landscape of a school for the first phase of the study has been in agenda based on not only current environmental and climate circumstances but also updated standards and rules with an approach of sustainable development in Zanjan, a mountainous city as case study.

A study of reading habits of students in Chandigarh City of India

This paper aims to study the reading habits and behavior patterns of college students in the age group of 18–22 from different professional colleges in Chandigarh city of India. The study aims to find, if students did any extra readings apart from the requirement mandatory for the course. It was found that only a certain percentage of students had spent extra time on reading additional books. Another group spent time in extra reading, only if they were asked to do so, by teachers, elders, friends or peers and only a miniscule number indulged in reading as an activity of delight or to gain knowledge or enhance their understanding of the concepts outside of the academia or curriculum. The set of students who read only the bit that is required for their curriculum, are likely to do so only at the time of examination. Most of the time, this group is least interested in gaining even an iota of knowledge outside of their prescribed curriculum. However, this section or other sections of students might show interest in gaining knowledge and working on their growth in other areas, for instance, learning about history by watching a docu-drama, a movie, or a play, rather than reading about it. The study also found that the students are unable to keep up a conversation if there is a discussion about issues of general knowledge, or current happenings. A majority would be aware about the current events, but would not know them in detail.

HIV/AIDS knowledge and sexual behaviour among junior high school students in New Providence, Bahamas.

To determine accuracy of knowledge and sexual behaviour patterns of junior high school students in New Providence towards HIV/AIDS and identify gender variations. A cross-sectional study with cluster sampling of classrooms was undertaken at two schools utilizing a questionnaire. SPSS was used for statistical analysis. Three hundred and fifty-four students participated in the study; the mean age was 12.25 years, 55.1% males and 44.9% females. Most (88%) students identified sexual intercourse as a mode of HIV transmission, 62.5% were accurate regarding anal sex and 32.9% were accurate about sexual intercourse in the water, as modes of HIV transmission. Abstinence was identified as a method of HIV prevention by 54.1% of students although 85.2% of students knew that condoms were a method of prevention. On beliefs regarding transmission, 21.2% believed mosquito bites and 13.1% believed toilet seats were routes for disease spread. Only 16.9% of participants reported a history of sexual intercourse; of those, 57.6% indicated that they were age ≤ 10 years when they first had intercourse. Concerning use of birth control, 64.5% of sexually experienced respondents reported never using any method. Junior high school students have fairly accurate knowledge of HIV/AIDS but misconceptions regarding transmission are still prevalent; patterns in gender variation are few.

English

An action research study was conducted during the first year of a physical education program at a nonpublic, special education school predominantly serving students with emotional and behavioral disorders, and who are wards of the state living in group homes and foster care homes. In the role of teacher and principal investigator, the researcher conducted a year-long action research study of this program. One primary research question was the following: Is the pattern of inappropriate student behavior among students with emotional and behavioral disorders the same across different lesson contexts? Delivery of this physical education program occurred over the course of an entire school year, teaching physical education 2 days per week for 45 minutes to a group of 57 students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Thirty days were randomly selected for data collection related to this research question, recording student behavior in relation to lesson context. There were 10 lesson context categories, including: class entry; warm-up activity; fitness activity; receiving instructions; skill practice; game play; transition; waiting; equipment collection; and class exit. There were six categories of inappropriate student behavior, including: verbal aggression; noncompliance; physical aggression; walking out; running away; and property destruction. A chi-square analysis was conducted to identify patterns of student behavior across lesson context categories.

Digital exhaust: an analysis of students’ interactions with online learning tools (618.42)

Learning management systems (LMS) such as Blackboard, Desire2Learn, and WebCT have become ubiquitous on college campuses. At a minimum, these platforms are an efficient way to provide access to course materials (e.g. course notes, syllabus, study guides) to all students. But the real power of LMS is in their potential to provide online tools to engage students outside of class in ways that support and reinforce the learning that occurs during class. When students interact with these online tools, they leave behind a digital “exhaust” that is collected in access logs. This clickstream data can be analyzed for patterns of student behavior from which we can make inferences about student learning. The overarching goal of this project was to analyze clickstream data associated with a large‐enrollment, introductory biochemistry course for science majors. Specifically, we analyzed students’ access logs related to their use of weekly Progress Checks. Progress checks are a series of online assessment tools released weekly to students that gauge their acquisition of key biochemical principles and skills as well as introducing them to upcoming material to be covered in class. We hypothesized that successful students would exhibit different clickstream patterns than non‐successful students. We gathered clickstream data, student performance data on in‐class activities, quizzes, and exams, incoming GPA, and pre/post assessment data. These data were analyzed for patterns of interaction that would help flag students who are not performing adequately within a course (i.e., an early warning system) to proactively target and support student learning.Grant Funding Source: Supported by the NSF

Extension of Activity-Based Modeling Approach to Incorporate Supply Side of Activities

Most of the recent advances in activity-based models (ABMs) have been on the demand side, that is, description of the individual needs for certain types of activities and travel as a function of person, household, and accessibility variables. The supply side of activities that describes characteristics of the locations where a certain activity can be undertaken remains largely unexplored. Two examples of specific activity generators for which the supply side of activity is essential for modeling are major universities and special events. Travel behavior and activity patterns of university students are different from that of the general population, and therefore modeling them with the necessary level of detail enhances the ABM forecasting ability. The same is true about special events such as sporting events. Special events participants can form a substantial part of the overall travel demand in the subarea on the event day, and therefore it is important to model them properly. Although previous studies have acknowledged the importance of modeling university students and special events participants, the challenge remains to integrate them in an ABM framework. This paper describes new practical methods for addressing the supply side of activities (using university students and special events as examples) in the framework of an operational ABM developed for Phoenix and Tucson, Arizona. The paper provides details on the data and methods used to develop university and special events submodels. The methodology and technical approach used to incorporate these models in the ABM framework are presented.

Stress among students — a descriptive study

Technology advancements have always helped to constantly multitask and take more and more work and targets due to which people are under stern time pressures and are constantly moving which leads to stress. Increasing number of people seems to be overcharged and overburdened. People are finding it difficult to keep up their energy levels up and live a normal, peaceful life; instead most of their useful time gets wasted in coping from stress.This paper focuses on finding the stress level of management students who are working under immense pressure by meeting day to day deadlines, studying a number of subjects at a time, doing to many assignments and submitting the term projects on deadlines. Apart from fulfilling their course requirement, students also have to deal with different other pressures and fulfill their parent‟s expectations. This study is done with the objective of discovering the causes of stress in the lives of students, the effects of stress, identifying the various variables associated with it and establishing definite relationships between these variables. The study also tries to identify the prominent underlying variables responsible for causing stress. For this a comprehensive survey via an online questionnaire has been conducted. This paper uses a descriptive methodology and focuses to find the effect of different causes on the stress levels and hence is an insight into the behavioral patterns of students when they experience the same.

Automatic Detection of Learning Styles in Learning Management Systems by Using Literature-based Method

Previous studies showed that automatic approach as a better approach to identify learning style in online learning because it is based on the actual students’ behaviour pattern while learning. However, there are several methods in an automated approach can be used to identify learning styles and literature-based method is said to be practical by using LMS. Therefore the purpose of this study is to identify the learning style based on patterns of behaviour for 20 students who studied Interactive Multimedia course within LMS environment in the context of Malaysian polytechnic student. Patterns of behaviour were analyzed based on literature-based method. The Findings indicate the predicted and ILS learning style are different because it depends on the actual behaviour patterns of students. Therefore, identifying learning styles literature-based method is needed to ensure the measurement is based on actual student behaviour during online learning.

Recognizing Trauma in the Classroom: A Practical Guide for Educators

Certain at-risk behavior patterns are often associated with traumatic childhood experiences. With the role of schools evolving to shape children's developmental needs in today's world, educators across the globe bear an increasingly greater responsibility to identify and address these symptoms associated with childhood trauma. Given the differences in school infrastructure in various nations of the world, however, the services available to children through schools vary drastically. Nonetheless, the educators' position in respect to schooling and in shaping a society's future through education emphasizes their role as advocates for children experiencing trauma. In the article “Recognizing Trauma in the Classroom: A Practical Guide for Educators,” Hope Bell, Dodie Limberg, and Edward “Mike” Robinson III address childhood trauma in the context of schools in the United States. Despite cross-national differences in educational settings and frameworks, teachers around the world may wish to consider these strategies for addressing symptoms of trauma evident in certain student behavior patterns. Given the differences across global regions, it is important to use context-based analysis of childhood trauma in instituting proper preventive measures.

A web-based intelligent report e-learning system using data mining techniques

This paper presents a PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) method of improving web-based intelligent reports of an e-learning system as intelligent system, which was created and implemented at the Technical Faculty in Cacak, University of Kragujevac. The focus is on improving LMSs (Learning Management Systems) or e-learning systems by predicting behavior patterns of students and adjusting the structure of these electronic courses. An existing learning management system is improved by using data mining techniques and increasing the efficiency of the courses using custom modules. This study presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of the system. Future work should relate to the continued improvement of the PDCA-created system, as well as the introduction of additional modules and a comparative analysis of the presented and future results.

Analyzing knowledge dimensions and cognitive process of a project-based online discussion instructional activity using Facebook in an adult and continuing education course

In recent years, social networking services (SNSs), for example, Facebook, have shown exponential growth in their number of users. Witnessing the popularity of these SNSs, educational researchers have also explored the potential educational value of using SNSs. Despite the few studies that have investigated learners' attitudes toward and the effects of incorporating SNSs in class, limited attention has been paid to examining learners' knowledge and cognitive processes involved in online discussions using SNSs. Although general public interest in life-long learning has been gradually increasing, relatively little attention has been devoted to exploring the application of SNSs in adult and continuing education programs. To promote a better understanding of using SNSs in learning, this study seeks to explore learners' online discussion behaviors in an art course that involved a project-based learning activity using a popular SNS, Facebook, to support students' asynchronous online discussions. The participants in our study included 62 students enrolled in the school of continuing education at a university in northern Taiwan. Adapting the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy as a coding scheme, this study employed a quantitative content analysis (QCA) and lag sequential analysis (LSA) to examine the content and behavioral patterns of students' discussions. The results indicate that the most prominent knowledge dimension in students' discussions is the meta-cognitive knowledge, while the cognitive process is primarily focused on understanding and comprehension. In addition, a moderate proportion of off-topic discussion was found in this study. Considering the different behaviors that may be exhibited by members of varied age and gender, a further analysis based on students' individual differences was conducted. The results showed that, in the context of online discussions, female and older learners are more likely to engage in off-topic discussions. Based on these findings, this study suggests that when conducting online discussion activities using SNSs, instructors should consider the characteristics of adult learners and their individual differences and design their teaching activities accordingly. Implications and limitations of this study are discussed, and pedagogical suggestions for adapting SNSs to teaching activities for adult and continuing education are proposed.

Examining the relationship between parenting types and patterns of student alcohol-related behavior during the transition to college.

The present study sought to examine parenting influences on student alcohol use through the use of a holistic, person-centered approach in order to accomplish three distinct research aims: (a) identify groups of college students with unique profiles of perceived parenting characteristics, (b) identify groups of college students with unique profiles of alcohol-related correlates, and (c) examine the extent to which profiles of perceived parenting characteristics are associated with profiles of college alcohol-related risk. A sample of 1,153 first-year university students (17-20 years-of-age) was assessed on a host of perceived parenting and self-reported alcohol-related items. Four profiles of perceived parenting (High Quality, High Monitoring, Anti-Alcohol, Pro-Alcohol) were found using latent profile analysis (LPA). Five profiles of student alcohol-related characteristics (Abstainers, Past Drinkers, Light Drinkers, High Risk Drinkers, Extreme Risk Drinkers) were also found using LPA. Latent transition analysis illustrated that students who perceived their parents as belonging to the Pro-Alcohol profile had much higher probabilities of belonging in the High Risk Drinker or Extreme Risk Drinker profiles than students in all other perceived parenting profiles. In addition to alcohol-specific parenting characteristics, aspects of parent-teen relationship quality may also be integral in the prevention of college alcohol misuse. Finally, this study observed complex patterns of parenting and alcohol behaviors, such that the profiles could be interpreted as qualitatively distinct types of individuals. These unique profiles suggest that a targeted approach reflecting the profiles found in the current study might greatly enhance prevention program efficacy.

Consumer behaviour and lifestyle patterns of Hungarian students with regard to environmental awareness

The aim of this paper is to describe the consumer behaviour and everyday lifestyle patterns of Hungarian university and college students. The results are gained from an international survey, carried out by the Department of Environmental Economics and Technology at the Corvinus University of Budapest, supported by the Norwegian Financial Mechanism. As background literature, characteristics of the consumer society and the development of sustainable consumption as a concept are interpreted in the paper. The empirical analysis aims to describe the most important clusters of students, based on the factors of their consumer behaviour, environmental activism and pro-environmental everyday habits. Our results identify two extreme clusters which most significantly differ from each other: the environmental activists and the indifferent group. However, a third cluster has the most modest consumer behaviour, namely the group which considers product features, energy consumption and the behaviour of producers. They sp...

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This study was conducted to investigate dietary behavior patterns of high school students. As for regularity of meal, female students were significantly more regular than those of the male students in a day. They answered `between 4th and 6th grades in elementary school` as `the time for formation about number of meal intake`. As for a highly influential meal, males were higher answered `lunch (41.0%)` while females were higher answered `breakfast (39.8%)`. About `number of meals per day by the grade`, they ate 3 times per day mostly. As for the time for formation about number of meal intake: `before 4th to 6th in elementary school`> `before elementary school`. In the result of regularity of meal and general characteristics, a family of 5 was higher in regularity and those with pocket money showed lower regularity in meal. As for the person who prepares a meal, mothers prepared meals regularly. Also, higher parents age and education level resulted in more regularity in meals. In number of meals per day and general characteristics, they were eating 3 times; moreover, this trend was evident as parents` age and education level and the household income was higher. Students answered generally regularity in meal in family where parents` jobs were administrative assistant (father job (56.9%)) and housewife (mother (56.9%). In the formation time of meal intake number and general characteristics, they answered order `middle school`> `before elementary school`. A highly influential meal, they answered as the highest `lunch` (37.6%). This study may provide information on dietary behavior of high school students, suggesting that nutrition education or counseling can improve food habits and develop positive behavior.

Study-related health and behavior patterns of medical students: A longitudinal study

Background: Little is known about specific health risks and resources and their development influencing medical students’ stress.Aim: To evaluate the development of quality of life and study-related behavior and experience patterns among medical students.Methods: Data were collected in the first (n = 112 of 182 in 2006) and the fourth semesters (n = 164 of 176 in 2008). The instruments “Work-Related Behavior and Experience Patterns” (AVEM, including four main patterns: “Health”, “Unambitious,” “Overexertion,” “Burnout”) and “Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12)” were used at both points in time.Results: The medical students scored significantly lower on mental health compared with reference samples of young adults. The proportion of students with a healthy pattern decreased from 47.3% (95% CI 38.1–56.5%) in the first semester to 36.9% (29.4–44.4%) in the fourth semester. This corresponded to an increase in the proportion of students at risk for burnout from 7.1% (2.3–11.9%) to 20% (13.8–26.2%). At both time points, female students had a higher risk for overexertion and a lower prevalence of a healthy pattern than male students.Conclusion: Our data provide evidence for a decrease in the healthy pattern and an increase in the burnout pattern. Intervention is needed, especially for students at risk for burnout.

Research behavior patterns of business students

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to look at the research needs of undergraduate and graduate business students at Monmouth University.Design/methodology/approachStudents were surveyed regarding the types of business course assignments that require research and the number of sources which must be cited for these research projects. The information‐seeking behaviors of business students used in gathering these sources were examined, looking at where these students began their research, which tools they used, and the challenges they faced in conducting research. The paper also investigated the students' preferred methods of seeking assistance in completing their research, as well as how they evaluated the credibility of sources they uncovered.FindingsStudent research requirements for homework assignments were fairly evenly distributed between very often/often and sometimes/never. Overall, students noted that presentations required research very often or often. Only 2.35 percent reported no research for short papers, with graduate students representing the largest group who indicated no research required for short papers. By contrast, 81 percent of seniors responded that they conducted research for short papers either very often or often. When preparing long papers (over six pages), students most frequently reported that research requirements were required sometimes. During the qualitative phase of the project, students revealed their frustration with doing research on very specific topics assigned by professors.Originality/valueThe results of this research can assist librarians in two important areas: collection management and instruction.

Student Behavior and Interaction Patterns With an LMS as Motivation Predictors in E-Learning Settings

Student motivation is an important factor for the successful completion of an e-learning course. Detecting motivational problems for particular students at an early stage of a course opens the door for instructors to be able to provide additional motivating activities for these students. This paper analyzes how the behavior patterns in the interaction of each particular student with the contents and services in a learning management system (LMS) can be used to predict student motivation and if this student motivation can be used to predict the successful completion of an e-learning course. The interactions of 180 students of six different universities taking a course in three consecutive years are analyzed.

An ecological momentary assessment of the physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns of university students

Objective We used ecological momentary assessment to understand the physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns of university students. Study design Cross sectional, opportunistic sample from a university in the English midlands. Methods Ecological momentary assessment diaries were completed every 15 minutes across two days. The sample comprised 46 males (mean age 20.2 years) and 38 females (mean age 19.5 years). The majority of participants were undergraduates (96.5 per cent) and white European (85 per cent). Results Although ‘studying’ was the predominant behaviour (280 minutes), students spent time conducting a range of behaviours including ‘watching television’ (79.9 minutes), ‘sitting and talking’ (72.1 minutes) and ‘hanging out’ (64.0 minutes). Repeated measure ANOVAs revealed a significant gender effect for some behaviours with ‘studying’ [ F(1,82) = 10.50, p < .006] and ‘computer game playing’ [ F(1,82) = 7.97, p < .006] being higher in males, and ‘sitting and talking’ [ F(1,82) = 24.49, p < .006] higher in females. Pearson correlations suggested that sedentary behaviours compete with each other for students’ time. A significant small negative relationship existed between sedentary technology behaviours and physical activity for males ( r = -.217) but not for females ( r = -.182). Conclusions Students participate in a range of sedentary behaviours that differ by gender. Results question public perception that selected sedentary behaviours, such as ‘watching television’, are responsible for declining levels of sport and exercise participation in this age group. Implications for interventions are considered.