Development Of Behavior In Children Research Articles

The association between melatonin-containing food consumption and sleep/meal timing and behavior in children with language difficulties

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep characteristics, circadian rhythms, behavior, and postnatal development of children with and without language difficulties (LDs) and the association of these variables with melatonin-containing food (FMT) consumption. The study involved parents who anonymously and voluntarily provided their children’s personal data and assessed LDs, bedtime, meal timing, behavioral problems, gross motor skill development, and FMT consumption. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the associations between study variables. A total of 587 children were examined, with mean age M (SD) 5.5 (2.4) years, (range: 2–12 years), and 44.2% were boys. Children with LD had delayed sleep onset (β = 0.09; R 2 = 0.007), increased sleep latency (β = 0.11; R 2 = 0.014), social jetlag (β = 0.10; R 2 = 0.009), screen time (β = 0.14; R 2 = 0.022), and behavioral problems (β = 0.13–0.35; R 2 = 0.016–0.142); decreased gestational age at birth (β = -0.09; R 2 = 0.007), and delayed development of gross motor skills in the postpartum period (β = 0.11–0.21; R 2 = 0.012–0.064). The children’s average FMT consumption was 2087.6 ± 2401.3 ng/d. Children with the highest FMT consumption had lower rates of LDs (β = -0.11; R 2 = 0.010), social jetlag (β = -0.08; R 2 = 0.007), and eating jetlag (β = -0.12; R 2 = 0.013); fever behavioral problems (β = -0.09 – −0.10; R 2 = 0.007–0.057); and less delayed eating phase (β = -0.11; R 2 = 0.012), and development of gross motor skills in the postpartum period (β = -0.10 – −0.12; R 2 = 0.009–0.014). In summary, LDs in children were associated with higher rates of circadian misalignment, sleep, behavioral, and developmental dysfunctions, and higher FMT consumption was associated with lower rates of circadian misalignment, behavioral, and developmental dysfunctions. The data obtained indicate the need for a detailed study of the state of the circadian system in preschool and primary school children with language difficulties, which will serve as a rationale for the use of chronotherapy principles for the treatment of this neurological dysfunction.

Roles of Myanmar migrant learning centres for out-of-school children in Tak, Thailand

ABSTRACT This exploratory qualitative research investigates the roles of migrant learning centres (MLCs) in providing accredited alternative basic education (AABE) for out-of-school migrant children in Thailand. Through document analysis and in-depth interviews with 26 individuals, the study reveals that MLCs in Tak province play proactive roles in the migrant community. These roles include (1) promoting safety and well-being, advocating for rights, and expanding access to education, (2) facilitating accredited educational pathways for Myanmar migrant children: a focus on continuing and non-formal education, and (3) enhancing community engagement and partnership with related stakeholders. The study underscores the importance of MLCs in offering alternative education and reducing the number of out-of-school children in the migrant communities. The findings highlight how MLCs act as agents of social and behavioural development in children while contributing to positive community change.

Practical, Economic, and Policy Implications of the Leve et al. Paper.

This commentary responds to the paper recently published in Prevention Science, entitled "The Promise and Challenges of Integrating Biological and Prevention Sciences: A Community-Engaged Model for the Next Generation of Translational Research" by Leve and colleagues (2024). A framework is advanced to provide a rationale for and facilitate the difficult and oft-avoided task of integrating concepts, techniques, methods, and datasets from diverse disciplines. The unfortunate reality is that disciplines germane to prevention continue to be highly siloed. The field of prevention science stands to benefit from knowledge that leads to greater precision-based-and thereby more effective-approaches to intervention. What is particularly underappreciated is the potential for this information to also guide policymaking based on what we could learn about the social-ecological conditions that impact child and youth brain and behavioral development and are alterable in response to evidence-informed public health policies. In this commentary, we offer some context for and appraisal of the paper and provide additional rationale for a precision-based approach with appropriate precautions for the research and utility of findings. Discussion ensues on the economic pros and cons and the policy implications of this integrative "neuroprevention" strategy should the field of prevention science accept the challenge.

Maternal exposure to violence and early child behavioural development in Tirana, Albania: Methods, challenges, and fieldwork reflections

This article delineates the methods of the author's PhD in Criminology, carried out at the University of Cambridge from 2019 to 2023. The main aim of the PhD was to explore the pathways between maternal exposure to violence and the behavioural development of two-to-three-year-old children in Tirana, Albania. To achieve this, the author spent 10 months in Tirana collecting data from a sample of 328 mothers and 59 nursery teachers in eight diverse socio-economic research sites. The purpose of this article is to reveal the details of the methodological approach, the meticulous planning, as well as the obstacles faced when implementing the PhD project. It provides a thorough description of the research design, sampling strategy, measurement tools, ethical considerations, data collection challenges, and fieldwork experiences.

Studying the Impact of Tuberous Sclerosis on Cognitive and Behavioral Development in Children

Studying the Impact of Tuberous Sclerosis on Cognitive and Behavioral Development in Children

Biological basis of temperament: Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and inhibitory control across childhood.

Temperamental inhibitory control is a foundational capacity for children's social, emotional, and behavioral development. Even though temperament is suggested to have a biological basis, the physiological indicators of inhibitory control remain unclear amid mixed empirical results. In this study, we leveraged a multicohort longitudinal design to examine resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) as a physiological correlate of inhibitory control across the early and middle childhood years. Data were collected annually across four time points from cohorts of 4- (n = 150, Mage = 4.53; SD = 0.30; 49.7% female) and 8- (n = 150; Mage = 8.53; SD = 0.29; 49.7% female) year-old children and their caregivers. There were weak, albeit significant, associations between resting RSA and caregiver-reported inhibitory control in middle childhood but not in early childhood. A stronger association was found for older children when latent trait assessments of RSA and inhibitory control were derived from commonalities across the four annual assessments. We conclude that using repeated measures to extract latent trait scores increases power to detect potential physiological indicators of temperament. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Associations between maternal depression trajectories and infant neurodevelopment at eight months

BackgroundMaternal depression is an increasingly recognized risk factor of child neurodevelopment difficulties. Few studies have investigated the association between the severity and duration of maternal depression and child development. We aimed to identify whether trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy to six months postpartum are associated with child development at eight months. MethodsWe included 988 mother-child pairs who participated in Shenzhen Birth Cohort Study, which was conducted in Shenzhen Nanshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of China. Maternal depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at late pregnancy, 1, 3 and 6 months postpartum. Child emotional and behavioral development were assessed by Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ-se) and Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) at aged 8 months. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify the trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms. Univariate and multivariate linear regression were conducted to explore the association between the depressive symptoms trajectories and child development. ResultsFour trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were identified by LPA: low (n = 597), subclinical (n = 91), moderately low and increasing (n = 246) and persistently high (54). Multivariable regression model showed that children of mothers with persistently high depressive symptoms were more likely to have lower scores in three ASQ-3 domains: fine motor (beta [95%C]): −2.30 [−4.32, −0.29], problem-solving (−3.72 [−5.81, −1.62]) and personal-social motor (−2.56 [−4.98, −0.15]), but higher ASQ-se scores (9.49 [5.09, 13.9]). Compared to children of mothers with low depressive symptoms, subclinical depressive symptoms were prediposed to having lower scores in two ASQ-3 domains: communication motor (−2.48 [−4.32, −0.64]) and gross motor (−2.35 [−4.2,-0.51]) and lower ASQ-se scores(4.86 [2.54, 7.18]). ConclusionHigher levels of maternal depression symptoms were associated with increased risk of child developmental delay, highlighting the importance of early intervention and addressing maternal depression from pregnancy through early childhood.

Distinct Impacts of Prenatal and Postnatal Phthalate Exposure on Behavioral and Emotional Development in Children Aged 1.5 to 3 Years.

Development is a continuous process, but few studies have assessed the simultaneous impact of prenatal and postnatal phthalate exposure on children's behavioral and emotional development. A total of 491 mother-child pairs from the general population in southern Taiwan were studied from 2021 to 2022. Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalate metabolites-mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP)-were measured in pregnant mothers during the second trimester and in their corresponding children aged 1.5 to 3 years. Behavioral symptoms in children were evaluated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Odds ratios (ORs) represent a 1-unit increase in log10-transformed creatinine-corrected maternal urine concentrations. Prenatal maternal urinary MnBP levels were associated with total problems (OR = 19.32, 95% CI: 1.80-43.13, p = 0.04), anxiety (OR = 33.58, 95% CI: 2.16-521.18, p = 0.01), and sleep problems (OR = 41.34, 95% CI: 1.04-1632.84, p = 0.04) in children. Additionally, urinary MnBP levels in children correlated with total problems (OR = 7.06, 95% CI: 1.01-49.05, p = 0.04) and internalizing problems (OR = 11.04, 95% CI: 1.27-95.72, p = 0.01). These findings suggest that prenatal and postnatal exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP), metabolized as MnBP, distinctly affects children's behavioral development.

Prenatal risk factors for child executive function at 3–5 years of age: the roles of maternal mood, substance use, and socioeconomic adversity in a prospective cohort study

BackgroundA growing body of literature links prenatal mood and substance use to children's cognitive and behavioral development. The relative contribution of these risk factors on children's executive function (EF) in the context of socioeconomic adversities needs further evaluation. To address this gap, we investigated the role of prenatal maternal anxiety and depression on childhood EF, specifically inhibitory control and working memory, within the context of socioeconomic adversities and prenatal substance use. We hypothesized that higher maternal mood symptoms, higher persistent prenatal drinking and smoking, and lower socioeconomic status would be associated with lower EF skills during early childhood.MethodsWe used data from 334 mother–child dyads followed prospectively through pregnancy and the offspring’s childhood. Prenatal maternal depression and anxiety were assessed via standardized questionnaires. Prenatal alcohol and tobacco consumption were assessed via a timeline follow-back interview. The EF touch battery assessed child inhibitory control and working memory at 3–5 years of age (4.76 ± 0.58 years, 171 females). Separate linear regression models were used to estimate the association of prenatal tobacco, alcohol, anxiety, and depression exposure with our two components of child EF, inhibitory control and working memory, while adjusting for gestational age, sex, and age at assessment. The following variables were also included as covariates: maternal educational achievement, employment status, parity, and household crowding index.ResultsChildren of mothers with high trait anxiety scores had reduced inhibitory control compared to children of mothers without trait anxiety or depression (β = -0.12, 95% CI:-0.22,-0.01). Children of mothers in the moderate to high continuous smoking group showed lower inhibitory control (β = − 0.19, 95% CI:-0.38,-0.01) compared to children of mothers in the none smoking group. Additionally, lower maternal education and higher household crowding were each associated with reduced inhibitory control. We found no significant association between prenatal maternal depression, anxiety, or socioeconomic factors with working memory.ConclusionsThese results underscore the need for comprehensive context-specific intervention packages, including mental health support for women to promote healthy inhibitory control development in children.

Bibliometric Insights into Anger and Aggression Research

Background: Anger and aggression are central constructs in psychology, sociology, and behavioral sciences, affecting mental health and social interactions. Despite extensive research, there is a need to map the trends and focal points of studies in this area, particularly to understand how themes like mental health disorders, developmental psychology, and social dynamics interconnect with aggression. Objective: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global research on anger and aggression, identifying key trends, influential authors, leading research areas, and interdisciplinary approaches. The goal is to provide insights into the trajectory and focus of scholarly work in this field. Methods: Using bibliometric techniques, including co-occurrence mapping and citation analysis, data from relevant research articles were extracted and analyzed through VOSviewer. Key terms, authorship networks, and publication patterns were examined to uncover thematic clusters and research trajectories. Findings: The analysis highlights several prominent themes in the literature on anger and aggression, including their links to psychological disorders (e.g., depression, stress), behavioral development in children and adolescents, and the influence of family and social environments. The co-occurrence analysis also points to growing interest in therapeutic interventions, cognitive and neurological underpinnings of aggression, and biological factors, such as brain injury. Authors such as Richard Tremblay, David Farrington, and Manuel Eisner have emerged as influential figures in this research domain. Conclusion: This bibliometric study reveals that research on anger and aggression is characterized by interdisciplinary approaches, integrating psychology, neuroscience, and social sciences. The focus on mental health and therapeutic interventions highlights the practical applications of this research in clinical settings. The increasing interest in the neurological and biological dimensions of aggression also suggests a broadening of the research agenda. Novelty: This study provides a comprehensive overview of the intellectual landscape of anger and aggression research through a bibliometric lens, offering new insights into the evolving trends, collaboration networks, and thematic directions in the field. It is one of the first studies to integrate a co-occurrence analysis with citation data to map both psychological and biological dimensions of aggression research.

Behavioral development in the Shadow of child Neglect: The roles of resilience and peer rejection

Child neglect, a pervasive issue impacting numerous children globally, directly correlates with poorer behavioral outcomes. Drawing on data from 1043 middle and high school students in Jiangsu Province, this study investigates the impact of child neglect on the behavioral development of children in rural China. The stress process model was employed to examine the mediating roles of resilience and peer rejection, with gender as a moderator. Findings reveal that child neglect directly correlates with poorer behavioral development, with resilience and peer rejection serving as significant mediators in this relationship. The analysis further reveals that the effect of resilience on behavioral development is moderated by gender, being more pronounced in boys. By integrating the stress process model, this study enriches the theoretical discourse on child neglect and provides empirical evidence from a neglected demographic, emphasizing the need for nuanced, gender-specific policy and practice interventions. These insights underscore the necessity for targeted interventions that consider the unique challenges posed by child neglect, advocating for strategies that enhance resilience and effectively manage peer relationships.

Maternal dietary patterns and offspring behavioral problems.

Mental health problems often begin in early childhood and could predict psychiatric and behavioral outcomes. Prenatal factors such as maternal nutrition have an impact on neurodevelopment. This study aims to investigate the association between maternal dietary patterns and emotional and behavioral problems in 4-year-old children. Within a cohort of 205 mother-child pairs, three maternal dietary patterns were identified: 'Sweet and Superfluous', 'Fish and Vegetables' and 'Meat and Cereals'. Child behavior was evaluated by means of the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 (CBCL 1.5-5), the Teacher's Report Form 1.5-5 (TRF 1.5-5), and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Preschool Version (BRIEF-P). Multivariable analysis determined associations between maternal dietary patterns and their children's behavior. Maternal adherence to the 'Sweet and Superfluous' pattern was positively associated with externalizing and depressive problems in children. The 'Meat and Cereals' pattern was linked to a higher risk for attention, hyperactivity and depressive problems as somatic complaints. Conversely, the 'Fish and Vegetables' pattern was associated with a reduced risk of hyperactivity problems. All these associations were more pronounced in girls than in boys. Maternal diet during pregnancy is associated with the emotional and behavioral development of children at 4 years of age. Previous research on prenatal dietary patterns and children's behavior is inconclusive. In our study, children of mothers who had higher intakes of sugar and processed foods during pregnancy were more likely to have emotional and behavioral problems at age 4, especially girls. A high-quality diet characterized by fish and vegetable consumption during pregnancy was associated with reduced anxiety and hyperactivity problems in girls. Our findings highlight the importance of prenatal nutrition for child neurodevelopment.

A longitudinal study on the relation between parenting and Toddler's disruptive behavior: what is the role of Toddler's negative emotionality and physiological stress reactivity?

Harsh and unsupportive parenting is a risk factor for the development of disruptive behavior in children. However, little is known about how children's temperament and stress reactivity influence this relation. In a three-wave longitudinal study, we examined whether the associations between parenting practices (supportive parenting, positive discipline, and harsh discipline) and child disruptive behavior were mediated by child temperament (negative emotionality) and stress reactivity (heart rate reactivity). In 72 families (Mage child = 14.6 months), living in the Netherlands, parents reported on their parenting practices and their children's disruptive behavior and negative emotionality. Children's heart rate reactivity was assessed through a series of stress-inducing tasks. Results from regression-based mediation analyses with bootstrapping showed that negative emotionality and stress reactivity did not mediate the relation between parenting and disruptive behavior. The results overall demonstrate that in a group of children this age, a reinforcing dynamic between parenting, child stress and disruptive behavior is not yet firmly established.

Parenting Patterns Applied by Parents to Children Aged 3-6 Yearsat ST. Francis Assisi Delitua Kindergarten in 2023

This research begins with the understanding that parenting styles are one of the key factors influencing children's behavior, personality, and socio-emotional development. Thus, positive behavior in children largely depends on the application of appropriate parenting styles. The method used in this research is a descriptive design. The sample was taken using total sampling technique, with a total of 64 respondents. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of the parenting style applied was democratic, with 64 respondents (100%), authoritarian with 13 respondents (20%), permissive with 17 respondents (26%), 14 parents applied two parenting styles, and 8 parents applied three parenting styles. **Conclusion:** This research is expected to serve as a reference for maximizing the implementation of effective parenting styles according to the child's developmental stage, which will have a more positive impact on the child's overall growth and development.

Exploring Causes of Radicalization and Violent Extremism among Children: The Effects of Toy Guns on Children in Pakistan

A child's interaction with toys is essential for their social and behavioural development. This paper examines the relationship between toy guns and radicalisation, specifically its effects on children's cognitive and behavioural development and whether they contribute to future violent patterns. The study used a mixed-method approach with children aged six to 15, both boys and girls, in a Lahore-based school. The exercise aimed to understand the amount of real hostility, pretending aggression, playing rough-and-tumble (R&T), and pretend-tononaggressive to investigate the relationship between toy gun play and aggression. The paper concludes that radicalism and its violent manifestations result from a combination of factors simultaneously playing out at the macro (political and economic) and micro (social and individual) levels.

Behavioral characteristics of toddlers later identified with an autism diagnosis, ADHD symptoms, or combined autism and ADHD symptoms.

Autism commonly co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but less is known regarding how ADHD symptoms impact the early presentation of autism. This study examined early behavioral characteristics of a community sample of toddlers later identified with autism diagnosis, ADHD symptoms, combined autism and ADHD symptoms, or neither condition. Participants were 506 toddlers who were part of a longitudinal study of children's behavioral development. Parents completed questionnaires about their children's behavior at two time points. Four groups were identified based on study measures or medical record: autism diagnosis (n = 45), elevated ADHD symptoms (n = 70), autism and ADHD symptoms (n = 30), or neurotypical development (n = 361). Relationships between early parent report of autism- and ADHD-related behaviors, social-emotional and behavioral functioning, and caregiver experience and subsequent group designation were evaluated with adjusted linear regression models controlling for sex. Significant group differences were found in measures of autism-related behaviors, ADHD-related behaviors, externalizing and internalizing behaviors, and parent support needs (p < .0001). Pairwise comparisons indicated toddlers later identified with combined autism diagnosis and ADHD symptoms had higher levels of autism-related behaviors, externalizing and internalizing behaviors, and autism-related parent support needs compared to the other groups. Toddlers with subsequent elevated ADHD symptoms or combined autism diagnosis and ADHD symptoms exhibited similar levels of ADHD-related behaviors, while both groups displayed more ADHD-related behaviors than toddlers subsequently identified with autism or those with neither condition. In this community sample, toddlers for whomcombined autism diagnosis and ADHD symptoms were subsequently identified showed a distinct presentationcharacterized by higher early autism-related behaviors, broader behavioral concerns, and higherparent support needs. Presence of ADHD symptoms (alone or in combination with autism) was associated with higher parent-reported ADHD-related behaviors during toddlerhood. Results indicate that ADHD-related behaviors are manifest by toddlerhood, supporting screening for both autism and ADHD during early childhood.

Through a teratological lens: A narrative review of exposure to stress and drugs of abuse during pregnancy on neurodevelopment

Teratological research shows that both prenatal stress and prenatal substance exposure have a significant impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. Using human research, the purpose of this narrative review is to explore the degree to which these exposures may represent complex prenatal and postnatal risks for the development of cognition and behavior in children. An understanding of the HPA axis and its function during pregnancy as well as the types and operationalization of prenatal stress provide a context for understanding the direct and indirect mechanisms by which prenatal stress affects brain and behavior development. In turn, prenatal substance exposure studies are evaluated for their importance in understanding variables that indicate a potential interaction with prenatal stress including reactivity to novelty, arousal, and stress reactivity during early childhood. The similarities and differences between prenatal stress exposure and prenatal substance exposure on neurodevelopmental outcomes including arousal and emotion regulation, cognition, behavior, stress reactivity, and risk for psychopathology are summarized. Further considerations for teratological studies of prenatal stress and/or substance exposure include identifying and addressing methodological challenges, embracing the complexity of pre-and postnatal environments in the research, and the importance of incorporating parenting and resilience into future studies.

Domestication of Information and Communication Technologies into Family Systems: A Conceptual Framework Evaluating Family Health.

As the world undergoes its fourth industrial revolution, digital media are becoming more prevalent in both rural and urban communities. This shift has had a profound impact on our daily lives, transforming the way we live, work, and communicate. Although technology now plays a crucial role in our daily routine, it can lead to interference in human relationships, a phenomenon referred to as technoference. This interference has significant consequences, particularly in parent-child relationships, as it can adversely affect children's emotional and behavioral development and the mental health and overall functioning of parents. Thus, for children to grow up healthy and for families to be harmoniously balanced, all the family subsystems need to be aligned in a healthy manner. This study conceptualizes how family health is affected when technological devices are brought as a subsystem into a family system. The researchers developed a conceptual multidimensional framework based on several interrelated theoretical concepts, and this framework is presented in three sequential frames for better comprehension, to identify how the interference, in particular, impacts the various dimensions of a healthy family system and contributes to dysfunctional family functioning and mental health issues in both parents and children.

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and behavioural problems at 4 years of age.

There is an increasing prevalence of psychological issues in childhood. Lifestyle factors during pregnancy, including maternal nutrition, have been linked to children's behavioural development. This study aims to assess the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy on the behavioural problems of children at the age of 4. A total of 231 mother-child pairs were assessed. Maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy was estimated using a relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED). Behavioural outcomes were evaluated through the Child Behaviour Checklist 1½--5, Teacher's Report Form 1½-5, and Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version questionnaires. The results indicated that a higher rMED score during pregnancy was associated with a reduced probability of obtaining a clinical score for total problems (OR = 0.42; 95%IC from 0.21 to 0.85), including externalising (OR = 0.29; 95%IC from 0.14 to 0.62), attention problems (OR = 0.32; 95%IC from 0.15 to 0.70), attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems (OR = 0.36; 95%IC from 0.15 to 0.87), oppositional defiant problems (OR = 0.06; 95%IC from 0.06 to 0.75), and depressive problems (OR = 0.38; 95%IC from 0.15 to 0.96). This study highlights the importance of maternal diet, especially Mediterranean diet, during gestation for proper child development.

The shadow of the past: How paternal traumatic experiences shape early parent-child interactions and offspring's emotional development

Introduction and AimsEarly childhood is crucial for the development of social and emotional competencies, significantly influenced by parental interactions. While the impact of maternal psychopathology has been extensively studied, less is known about the effect of paternal trauma on parenting behaviors and subsequent child development. This study examines the effects of fathers' traumatic experiences on their psychopathology, quality of feeding interactions, and children's emotional and behavioral functioning. MethodsA sample of 100 fathers and their two-year-old children participated in this cross-sectional study. Paternal psychopathology was assessed using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and trauma exposure was measured with the Traumatic Experience Checklist (TEC). Parent-child feeding interactions were evaluated using the Scala di Valutazione delle Interazioni Alimentari (SVIA), and children's emotional and behavioral outcomes were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1,5-5). ResultsFathers with past trauma displayed significantly higher levels of psychopathological symptoms and engaged in poorer quality feeding interactions compared to controls. These paternal characteristics were associated with higher scores on maladaptive outcomes in children's CBCL, indicating worse emotional and behavioral functioning. ConclusionsThe findings suggest that paternal trauma is linked to increased psychopathological risks and negatively affects the quality of paternal feeding interactions, which in turnith children's emotional and behavioral development. These results underscore the importance of integrating paternal trauma into clinical assessments and interventions to support family dynamics and promote healthier developmental outcomes in children.