Rates Of Behavior Research Articles

Childhood adversity and racial discrimination forecast suicidal and death ideation among emerging adult Black men: A longitudinal analysis.

Disproportionate exposure to childhood adversity and the effects of racial discrimination take a toll on Black American men's mental health. Despite increasing rates of suicidal behaviors and thoughts among young adult, Black American men, few longitudinal studies examine their risk for suicidal and death ideation (SDI). We tested a developmental model linking childhood adversity (experiences of deprivation and threatening experiences) and emerging adult exposure to racial discrimination to increases in SDI and examined a potential mechanism for these effects, negative relational schemas. A sample of 504 Black men (Mage = 20.7) from rural Georgia were recruited with respondent-driven sampling and completed a baseline survey. Men participated in two additional follow-up surveys (Mage = 21.9 and Mage = 23.5). Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Analyses largely supported the proposed model. Childhood adversities were associated directly with reports of SDI. Childhood deprivation indirectly predicted SDI via negative schemas (β = 0.03, 95% CI [.014, .046]). Racial discrimination also indirectly predicted SDI via negative relational schemas (β = 0.01, 95% CI [.001, .018]). Study results suggest that clinical and preventive interventions for suicidality should target the influence of racism and adverse experiences and the negative relational schemas they induce. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Measurement and stratification of nonsuicidal self-injury in adolescents

BackgroundNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent in adolescents. In survey and interview studies assessing NSSI, methods of assessment have been shown to influence prevalence estimates. However, knowledge of which groups of adolescents that are identified with different measurement methods is lacking, and the characteristics of identified groups are yet to be investigated. Further, only a handful of studies have been carried out using exploratory methods to identify subgroups among adolescents with NSSI.MethodsThe performance of two prevalence measures (single-item vs. behavioral checklist) in the same cross-sectional community sample (n = 266, age M = 14.21, 58.3% female) of adolescents was compared regarding prevalence estimates and also characterization of the identified groups with lifetime NSSI prevalence. A cluster analysis was carried out in the same sample. Identified clusters were compared to the two groups defined using the prevalence measures.ResultsA total of 118 (44.4%) participants acknowledged having engaged in NSSI at least once. Of these, a group of 55 (20.7%) adolescents confirmed NSSI on a single item and 63 (23.7%) adolescents confirmed NSSI only on a behavioral checklist, while denying NSSI on the single item. Groups differed significantly, with the single-item group being more severely affected and having higher mean scores on difficulties in emotion regulation, self-criticism, number of methods, higher frequency of NSSI, higher rates of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior and lower mean score on health-related quality of life. All cases with higher severity were not identified by the single-item question. Cluster analysis identified three clusters, two of which fit well with the groups identified by single-item and behavioral checklist measures.ConclusionsWhen investigating NSSI prevalence in adolescents, findings are influenced by the researchers’ choice of measures. The present study provides some directions toward what kind of influence to expect given the type of measure used, both with regards to the size of the identified group and its composition. Implications for future research as well as clinical and preventive work are discussed.

Time budget of a mallard duck population residing in an urban park in northern Portugal during courtship and nesting period

Behavioural observations were used to investigate the temporal dynamics events and associated variation in the daily activities of a sedentary population of mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) inhabiting an urban park in northern Portugal. Data was collected at Porto City Park from December to April, during the species’ courtship and early nesting periods. The most frequent activities for this population were locomotion, resting and feeding. Statistical analysis revealed that male and female behaviours differed significantly throughout the courtship period, as males exhibited more displays and aggressive behaviour while females were more prone to feed in order to meet their increased nutritional and energetic needs. Temporal analyses showed that courtship reached a peak in intensity in February, since it was in this month that the highest values for mating, aggressive behaviour in males and defensive behaviour in females were observed. Behavioural differences were found for this population, with higher feeding rates compared to those of wild populations as well as lower defensive behaviour rates. This paper sheds light on how synanthropized populations, as well as those from Southwestern Europe, show different behavioural responses from other populations. Additional extensive monitoring of population dynamics and factors such as latitudinal differences, habituation to humans and climate change will help to predict future growth and expansion rates.

Turnover behavior and intention among dentists and medical doctors: a cross-sectional study in China

BackgroundRetention of doctors is a global challenge and doctors working in different departments may face different problems. The study aimed to explore the turnover behavior and intention and correlated factors among Chinese dentists and medical doctors in other clinical fields.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted online in 5 regions of China from March 12th to April 12th, 2020. The questionnaire included 3 parts, socio-demographic characteristics, turnover behavior and intention, and concerns about work-related factors. Chi-square test and/or Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test were applied for comparison, and binary logistic regression was used for finding the factors.ResultsA total of 2428 eligible questionnaire were received, comprising 1954 responses from dentists and 474 from medical doctors. Rates of turnover behavior among dentists and medical doctors were 2.87% and 6.96%, respectively. Similarly, rates of turnover intention were 51.79% among dentists and 71.20% among medical doctors. Educational level was negatively correlated with turnover behavior of both medical doctors and dentists, and concern about salary was a unique negatively correlated factor for dentists. Age was negatively correlated with turnover intention in both medical doctors and dentists. Conversely, concerns about workload and doctor-patient relationship were positively correlated with turnover intention in both groups. Concern about salary was the distinct correlated factor of medical doctors’ turnover intention, while gender and annual household income were correlated with turnover intention among dentists.ConclusionsLow turnover rate but high turnover intention rate was the current status of Chinese doctors’ employment. Turnover behavior and intention were more optimistic among dentists than medical doctors. Factors related to turnover behavior and turnover intention were not identical among dentists and medical doctors. Therefore, personalized retention measures were necessary for dentists and medical doctors.

Behavioral and emotional functioning of children with specific learning disorders

Background: Specific learning disorder (SLD) is distinct from other Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-5 mental disorders as it is recognized clinically in medicine and as a separate category in special education. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the behavioral patterns and emotional functioning in children with SLD. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, from January 2019 to April 2020 on 100 patients (study group 50 and control group 50) diagnosed with SLDs as per DSM5 criteria. A patient’s history includes age, gender, symptoms, and diagnosis. Assessments were done through a semi-structured proforma, Rutter Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (parent form), the Vanderbilt attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnostic rating scale, and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES). Results: The patient’s domicile in rural areas was 82% compared to urban areas, which is 18%. The Rutter scale – total score was higher in the study group, with a mean of 3.24, compared to the control group, with a mean of 0.44. The RSES compared self-esteem scores and the mean self-esteem scores of 21.56 and 14.72, respectively (P<0.0001). The deviant/antisocial behavior subscale scores were higher for the study group, with a mean score of 1.08, than the control group, with a mean score of 0.02 (<0.05). The ADHD (inattentive type) Vanderbilt scale was compared, and it was found to be positive for the study group and none for the control group (P=0.022). Conclusion: The scores show a significant correlation between higher rates of neurotic behavior and behavioral problems, predominantly inattentive types, in SLD children.

Numerical analysis of the powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) process for TZM-molybdenum superalloy using finite element method

The powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) process was simulated via finite element analysis in the current study to assess heat behavior and material removal rate. The goal of this paper is to conduct a thorough experimental and thermal examination of electrical discharge machining (EDM) in order to forecast its cutting characteristics and subsequently optimize the output variables using a response surface methodology for simulations and choosing the most suitable set of process variables related to the PMEDM process. This study’s objective is to design a 2D axisymmetrical transient thermal model that might also describe the physics of material removal in a single spark PMEDM operation on a Titanium Zirconium Molybdenum (TZM) superalloy. ANSYS (version 9.1) software is used to perform transient heat transfer simulations to determine the temperature profile with the amount of material removal at different current, pulse on and off times, gap voltages, and fraction of heat that enters the specimen. The PMEDM process produced craters with a lower diameter and depth, which increased the material removal rate and enhanced the surfacing quality. Compared to the conventional EDM process, the inclusion of powder raised the heat flux given to the work material by 10%–12%. It has been determined that with the single spark modeling technique, the temperature significantly dropped in both the radial and depth directions. The computational results are compared with experimental observations for similar machining conditions, and both results agree satisfactorily.

Diversity and density relationships between lebensspuren and tracemaking organisms: a study case from abyssal northwest Pacific

Abstract. In the deep sea, interactions between benthic fauna and seafloor sediment primarily occur through bioturbation that can be preserved as traces (i.e. lebensspuren). Lebensspuren are common features of deep-sea landscapes and are more abundant than the organisms that produce them (i.e. tracemakers), rendering lebensspuren promising proxies for inferring biodiversity. The density and diversity relationships between lebensspuren and benthic fauna remain unclear, and contradicting correlations have been proposed (i.e. negative, positive, or even null correlations). To approach these variable correlations, lebensspuren and benthic fauna were characterized taxonomically at eight deep-sea stations in the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area, together with two novel categories: tracemakers (specific epibenthic fauna that produce these traces) and degrading fauna (benthic fauna that can erase lebensspuren). No general correlation (overall study area) was observed between diversities of lebensspuren, tracemakers, degrading fauna, and fauna. However, a diversity correlation was observed at specific stations, showing both negative and positive correlations depending on: (1) the number of unknown tracemakers (especially significant for dwelling lebensspuren); (2) the lebensspuren with multiple origins; and (3) tracemakers that can produce different lebensspuren. Lebensspuren and faunal density were not correlated. However, lebensspuren density was either positively or negatively correlated with tracemaker densities, depending on the lebensspuren morphotypes. A positive correlation was observed for resting lebensspuren (e.g. ophiuroid impressions, Actiniaria circular impressions), while negative correlations were observed for locomotion-feeding lebensspuren (e.g. echinoid trails). In conclusion, lebensspuren diversity may be a good proxy for tracemaker biodiversity when the lebensspuren–tracemaker relationship can be reliable characterized. Lebensspuren–density correlations vary depending on the specific lebensspuren residence time, tracemaker density, and associated behaviour (rate of movement). Overall, we suggest that lebensspuren density and diversity correlations should be studied with tracemakers rather than with general benthic fauna. On a global scale, abiotic (e.g. hydrodynamics, substrate consistency) and other biotic factors (e.g. microbial degradation) may also play an important role.

The development of abamectin resistance in Liriomyza trifolii and its contribution to thermotolerance.

Liriomyza trifolii is an economically significant, invasive pest of horticultural and vegetable crops. The larvae form tunnels in foliage and hasten senescence and death. Outbreaks of L. trifolii often erupt in hot weather and are driven by thermotolerance; furthermore, the poor effectiveness of pesticides has made outbreaks more severe. But it is still unclear whether the development of insecticide tolerance will contribute to thermotolerance in L. trifolii. To explore potential synergistic relationships between insecticide exposure and thermotolerance in L. trifolii, we first generated an abamectin-resistant (AB-R) strain. Knockdown behavior, eclosion and survival rates, and expression levels of genes encoding heat shock proteins (Hsps) in L. trifolii were then examined in AB-R and abamectin-susceptible (AB-S) strains. Our results demonstrated that long-term selection pressure for abamectin resistance made L. trifolii more prone to develop cross-resistance to other insecticides containing similar ingredients. Furthermore, the AB-R strain exhibited enhanced thermotolerance and possessed an elevated critical thermal maximum temperature, and upregulated expression levels of Hsps during heat stress. Collectively, our results indicate that thermal adaptation in L. trifolii was accompanied by emerging abamectin resistance. This study provides a theoretical basis for investigating the synergistic or cross-adaptive mechanisms that insects use to cope with adversity and demonstrates the complexity of insect adaptation to environmental and chemical stress. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Facial and genital color ornamentation, testosterone, and reproductive output in high-ranking male rhesus macaques

Males in many vertebrate species have colorful ornaments that evolved by sexual selection. The role of androgens in the genesis and maintenance of these signals is unclear. We studied 21 adult high-ranking male rhesus macaques from nine social groups in the free-ranging population on Cayo Santiago, Puerto Rico, and analyzed facial and genital skin luminance and redness, fecal androgens, rates of mating behaviors, and offspring sired. Facial and genital coloration varied in relation to age, mating behavior, reproductive success, and testosterone concentration. Our results indicate that skin coloration in high-ranking male rhesus macaques is a sexually-selected trait mediated by androgens. These results add to the growing literature on the proximate and ultimate causes of male sexual signals and highlight the need to examine how these characteristics change with age in other species.

TREATMENT OF A LARGE ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST: A 5-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

The Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) presents a unique challenge in the field of dentistry and oral pathology. This locally aggressive lesion has been a subject of debate in the literature, with discussions revolving around its classification as either a cyst or a tumor. Its prominence as the third most common cyst in the jaw bones has captured the attention of clinicians and researchers alike. Given its aggressive clinical behavior and high recurrence rate, various treatment methods have been proposed to address OKC and mitigate the risk of recurrence, yet the ideal treatment approach and surgical margins remain elusive. This case report highlights the management of a large circumscribed OKC and underscores the importance of long-term patient follow-up. The patient has undergone 5 years of vigilant monitoring without any signs of recurrence. Ultimately, this case underscores the significance of adopting a personalized treatment approach that considers the patient's specific needs and lesion characteristics. By prioritizing patient-centered and lesion-oriented decision-making, this case offers valuable insights for clinicians and serves as a reference for future similar cases.

Bibliometric Analysis Toxicity Levels of MOBA Game Players Among Students and the General Public

Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games have become a global phenomenon in the gaming industry. This article aims to examine the evolution, impact, and social aspects of MOBA games. We analyzed various literature sources, including scientific journals, articles, and research reports relevant to the keyword "MOBA." In our analysis, we see the development of MOBA games from their beginnings as modified real-time strategy (RTS) games to become a very popular standalone game genre. We also investigated the influence of MOBA games on mental health, social behavior, and addiction rates among players. Abstract P-ISSN: 2302-8734 Abstract Additionally, we explore social aspects such as communication within teams, development of collaborative skills, and learning related to MOBA gaming. Our research results show that MOBA games have a significant impact on players, both positive and negative. In a positive aspect, this game can improve social skills, strategic thinking skills, and team coordination. http://jurnal.umt.ac.id/index.php/jt/index E-ISSN: 2581-0006 Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games have become a global phenomenon in the gaming industry. This article aims to examine the evolution, impact, and social aspects of MOBA games. We analyzed various literature sources, including scientific journals, articles, and research reports relevant to the keyword "MOBA." In our analysis, we see the development of MOBA games from their beginnings as modified real-time strategy (RTS) games to become a very popular standalone game genre. We also investigated the influence of MOBA games on mental health, social behavior, and addiction rates among players. Additionally, we explore social aspects such as communication within teams, development of collaborative skills, and learning related to MOBA gaming. Our research results show that MOBA games have a significant impact on players, both positive and negative. In a positive aspect, this game can improve social skills, strategic thinking skills, and team coordination. However, there is also a risk of high levels of addiction and mental health disorders associated with excessive use. This research provides in-depth insight into the MOBA gaming phenomenon and the importance of understanding social aspects and their impact. However, there is also a risk of high levels of addiction and mental health disorders associated with excessive use. This research provides in-depth insight into the MOBA gaming phenomenon and the importance of understanding social aspects and their impact.
 Keywords: Bibliometric, Online Games, MOBA, Toxicity, Student.

Shame, suicidal ideation, and urges for non-suicidal self-injury among individuals with borderline personality disorder receiving dialectical behavior therapy: The mediating role of anger.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a disorder of pervasive emotion dysregulation associated with high rates of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB). Understanding specific emotion states in relation to SITB is important for effective intervention. The current study examined whether, and how, the specific emotion of shame contributes to suicide ideation and urges to engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) both directly, and indirectly via anger, among individuals with BPD. Participants (N = 100) were enrolled in a 6-month comprehensive dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) program and provided daily ratings of shame, anger, suicide ideation, and urges for NSSI. We found that higher daily ratings of shame and anger were directly associated with higher same-day ratings of both suicidal ideation and urges for NSSI. Furthermore, anger partially mediated the relationships between shame and both suicidal ideation and urges for NSSI. These findings highlight shame and anger as potential antecedents of SITB among individuals with BPD. Clinical approaches, such as DBT, that include personalized, ongoing, clinical assessment of these specific affective states may be particularly important for treatment of SITB.

Perceptions of organizational value and unethical/deviant behaviors among lecturers in Archeology and Religion and Cultural Studies: An intervention study.

Understanding an organization's ethical standards assists employees in abiding by stipulated rules and regulations and reduces the prevalent rate of inappropriate behaviors. Unfortunately, some workers do not know and as a result, they become dysfunctional, affecting their professional identities. Given this, scholars have called for psychoeducational strategies that coach workers to improve their perceptions. With this in mind, we investigated the impact of psychoeducational coaching on workplace ethical perceptions and deviant behaviors among lecturers in Archeology and Religion and Cultural Studies. A group randomized control design was adopted, and a sample of lecturers was assigned to intervention and control groups using a simple allocation sequence method. Three dependent measures were used to assess the participants' irrational beliefs, work values, and deviant behaviors before the intervention, after, and 2 months later as a follow-up test. Data collected were cued into SPSS version 28. A multivariate analysis was performed to test postulated hypotheses at .05 probability level. The results showed that rational-emotive behavior occupational coaching has a significant impact on reducing unethical work values and work-deviant behaviors among lecturers in Archeology and Religion and Cultural Studies. The finding of this study justified the effectiveness of rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) approaches in treating irrational beliefs that occasioned work-deviant behaviors among the employees. It is concluded in this study that rational-emotive behavior occupational coaching is beneficial and effective in decreasing unethical work values and work-deviant behaviors among lecturers in Archeology and Religion and Cultural Studies. Therefore, REBT practitioners should liaise with lecturers in Archeology and Religion and Cultural Studies to advance the practice of REBT in workplaces.

Global Dynamical Properties of a System of Quadratic-Rational Difference Equations With Arbitrary Delay

In this paper, we investigate the global dynamics of the following system of quadratic-higher order difference equations:\begin{equation*}x_{n+1}=A+B\frac{y_{n}}{y_{n-m}^{2}},y_{n+1}=A+B\frac{x_{n}}{x_{n-m}^{2}}\end{equation*}where $A$ and $B$ are positive numbers and the initial values are positive numbers. We first examine the existence of bounded solutions of the system. Additionally, we study the stability analysis of the of solutions of the system. We also analyze the rate of convergence and oscillation behavior of the solutions of the system.

Suicidal behavior and deliberate self-harm: A major challenge for youth residential care in Spain

The aim of this study was to characterize and determine the incidence of suicidal behavior and deliberate self-harm among youth in residential care in Spain, and to explore the perceived knowledge and competence of direct care professionals with regard to recognizing and managing suicide risk. The sample comprised 185 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 15.41, SD = 1.58; 49.7 % male, 49.2 % female, and 1.1 % non-binary) and 225 direct care professionals (Mage = 34.58, SD = 13.72). We found a high rate of suicidal behavior (36.2 % of adolescents reported suicidal ideation and 26.5 % had made a lifetime suicide attempt), and only a third of young people who had thoughts about suicide had sought help. Half of the adolescent sample had engaged in deliberate self-harm. Among direct care professionals, there was a perceived lack of knowledge with respect to recognizing and managing suicide risk behavior. Adolescents in residential care are a risk population that should be targeted with specific interventions aimed at preventing suicidal behavior. Training for professionals is also needed to ensure they have the skills required to ask young people about suicidal thoughts or intentions and to engage them with appropriate support services.

The Impact of Nanomedicine on Soft Tissue Sarcoma Treated by Radiotherapy and/or Hyperthermia: A Review.

This article presents a comprehensive review of nanoparticle-assisted treatment approaches for soft tissue sarcoma (STS). STS, a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal-origin tumors with aggressive behavior and low overall survival rates, necessitates the exploration of innovative therapeutic interventions. In contrast to conventional treatments like surgery, radiotherapy (RT), hyperthermia (HT), and chemotherapy, nanomedicine offers promising advancements in STS management. This review focuses on recent research in nanoparticle applications, including their role in enhancing RT and HT efficacy through improved drug delivery systems, novel radiosensitizers, and imaging agents. Reviewing the current state of nanoparticle-assisted therapies, this paper sheds light on their potential to revolutionize soft tissue sarcoma treatment and improve patient therapy outcomes.

The use of predator tags to explain reversal movement patterns in Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar L.).

Acoustic telemetry has seen a rapid increase in utility and sophistication in recent years and is now used extensively to assess the behavior and survival rates of many aquatic animals, including the Atlantic salmon. As part of the salmon's complex life cycle, salmon smolts are thought to make a unidirectional migration from fresh water to the sea, which is initiated by changes in their physiology. However, some tag movement patterns do not conform with this and can be difficult to explain, particularly if the tagged fish has been eaten by a predator. This study combines the use of predator tags with machine learning techniques to understand the fate of migrating salmon smolts and thereby improve estimates for migration success. Over 3 years between 2020 and 2022, 217 salmon smolts (including wild and hatchery-reared ranched fish) were acoustically tagged and released into an embayment on the west coast of Ireland. Some tagged smolts were observed to return from the estuary back into a saline lagoon through which they had already migrated. To distinguish between the movement of a salmon smolt and that of a predator, predator tags were deployed in migrating smolts in 2021 and 2022. The addition of a temperature sensor in 2022 enabled the determination of predator type causing the returning movement. A significant number of predator tags were triggered, and the patterns of movement associated with these triggered tags were then used with two types of machine learning algorithms (hierarchical cluster analysis and random forest) to identify and validate the behavior of smolts tagged without extra sensors. Both models produced the same outputs, grouping smolts tagged with predator tags with smolts tagged without the additional sensors but showing similar movements. A mammalian predator was identified as the cause of most reversal movement, and hatchery-reared ranched smolts were found to be more likely predated upon by this predator than wild smolts within the lake and the estuary. However, overall migration success estimates were similar for both wild and hatchery-reared ranched fish. This study highlights the value of predator tags as an essential tool in the overall validation of detection data.

Mixed matrix membranes of polydimethylsiloxane with activated carbon for ABE separation

AbstractThe demand for the large‐scale biofuels production is very high. The use of ethanol and butanol in flex‐fuel vehicles have already been achieved, but still need improvement to decrease the gasoline‐dependence. In addition to it, the preparation of ethanol and butanol by eco‐friendly routes are still a challenge. The use of ABE route, in which acetone, butanol, and ethanol are prepared by fermentation of 5 or 6 carbon sugars, requires higher yields and better separation performance. The goal of this work was to evaluate the use of pervaporation through asymmetric activated carbon (AC) dispersed polymethylsiloxane membranes for the separation of ABE aqueous solution with 1 wt% total organics. The amount of the filler was varied from 0 to 3 wt%. Membranes were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, swelling in solvents, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Membrane with 1 wt% of AC membrane showed different behaviors both in thermal resistance, which was increased, and also in pervaporation separation index (PSI). In this condition, membrane total flux, separation factor, and PSI for ethanol were 13.2, 2.6, and 19.9 g m−2 h−1, so that sorption behavior and diffusion rates were changed. Thus, it was possible to modulate membrane properties.

Formulation and application of the "hospital-to-home + online-to-offline" treatment scheme in caring for and supporting vulnerable patients with chronic heart failure.

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the terminal stage of cardiovascular disease. In this study, the "hospital-to-home + online-to-offline" (H2H + O2O) care scheme was implemented for patients with CHF during vulnerable periods, and its effect was evaluated. Patients with CHF in the cardiovascular department of a Class III/Grade A hospital in Jiangxi Province from January to December 2020 were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly divided into a control and intervention group (n= 100 each). The patients in the control group received routine in-hospital treatment and out-of-hospital follow-up, while in the intervention group, a multi-disciplinary cooperation team with CHF specialist nurses evaluated and stratified the patients before discharge and formulated individualized prescriptions and care plans. Based on the "Health & Happiness" chronic disease follow-up application designed for this study, the specialist nurses provided patients with one-to-one guidance. After three months, the cardiac function, heart failure knowledge, self-care behavior, and re-hospitalization rate of the patients were compared between the two groups. Cardiac function was evaluated by the serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and a six-minute walking test (6MWT). Heart failure knowledge and self-care behavior was assessed using specific questionaries. The level of cardiac function in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.001). The mastery of heart failure knowledge and self-care behavior in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05). The re-hospitalization rate due to CHF in the intervention group was 21.0%, which was lower than that in the control group (35.0%), and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). The H2H + O2O care scheme can be used for the transition of vulnerable patients with CHF from the hospital to family care to improve the patients' level of cardiac function, elevate their knowledge level and self-care abilities, and improve their overall health outcomes.

Genetic factors associated with suicidal behaviors and alcohol use disorders in an American Indian population

American Indians (AI) demonstrate the highest rates of both suicidal behaviors (SB) and alcohol use disorders (AUD) among all ethnic groups in the US. Rates of suicide and AUD vary substantially between tribal groups and across different geographical regions, underscoring a need to delineate more specific risk and resilience factors. Using data from over 740 AI living within eight contiguous reservations, we assessed genetic risk factors for SB by investigating: (1) possible genetic overlap with AUD, and (2) impacts of rare and low-frequency genomic variants. Suicidal behaviors included lifetime history of suicidal thoughts and acts, including verified suicide deaths, scored using a ranking variable for the SB phenotype (range 0–4). We identified five loci significantly associated with SB and AUD, two of which are intergenic and three intronic on genes AACSP1, ANK1, and FBXO11. Nonsynonymous rare and low-frequency mutations in four genes including SERPINF1 (PEDF), ZNF30, CD34, and SLC5A9, and non-intronic rare and low-frequency mutations in genes OPRD1, HSD17B3 and one lincRNA were significantly associated with SB. One identified pathway related to hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) regulation, whose 83 nonsynonymous rare and low-frequency variants on 10 genes were significantly linked to SB as well. Four additional genes, and two pathways related to vasopressin-regulated water metabolism and cellular hexose transport, also were strongly associated with SB. This study represents the first investigation of genetic factors for SB in an American Indian population that has high risk for suicide. Our study suggests that bivariate association analysis between comorbid disorders can increase statistical power; and rare and low-frequency variant analysis in a high-risk population enabled by whole-genome sequencing has the potential to identify novel genetic factors. Although such findings may be population specific, rare functional mutations relating to PEDF and HIF regulation align with past reports and suggest a biological mechanism for suicide risk and a potential therapeutic target for intervention.