Motorist Behavior Research Articles

Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception: Impact on Online Ojek Driving Safety

The high number of accidents for ojek online motorcycle users cannot be separated from the behavior of the riders. Motorist behavior factors have an important contribution in determining the occurrence of road user traffic accidents. Thus, the purpose of this study is to ascertain how knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions will affect motorcycle safety riding behavior in Jakarta in 2023 when it comes to ojek online. This study used survey method with quantitative research data. The population in this study was all ojek online motorcycle drivers in Jakarta and the sample used amounted to 100 respondents. The results of the analysis, computations, and talks demonstrate that knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions all work together to influence Jakarta ojek online motorbike riders’ safety riding behavior positively and significantly. Where partially the variable knowledge has a positive and significant influence on the safety riding behavior of ojek online motorcycle taxis in Jakarta. The same thing with attitude variables that have a positive and significant influence on ojek online motorcycle safety riding behavior in Jakarta. Similarly, the perception variable significantly and favorably affects Jakarta motorbike riders' safety-riding habits (Ojek Online).

Leveraging Continental Norms and Mechanisms to Enhance Barrier-Free Access for Pedestrians with Disabilities in Kenya

When it is realised meaningfully, barrier-free access enables pedestrians with disabilities to use streets without being impeded by non-existent or poorly maintained sidewalks, inaccessible overpasses or underpasses, crowded sidewalks, lack of traffic controls, lack of aids at street crossings, unsafe motorist behaviour, and poor signage and lighting. While Kenya has laws in place that are intended to facilitate barrier-free access, in reality, these laws are not implemented, resulting in the violations of rights of pedestrians in general, and pedestrians with disabilities in particular. Using the lived experiences of pedestrians with disabilities, this article reflects on the policy, legislative, and practical contexts which undermine access. It shows that despite the range of policy and legal instruments which Kenya has adopted or enacted to ensure the public in general can access streets, pedestrians with disabilities enjoy arising benefits only marginally. The article’s thesis is that continental policy and normative instruments and institutions may impel Kenya towards ensuring that pedestrians with disabilities have meaningful barrier-free access.

The walkability concept based on pedestrian perceptions in Bandung City Square, Indonesia

The concept of walkability is about the provision of a pedestrian-friendly environmental condition that provides security, comfort and safety, and offers visuals for pedestrians. The Bandung City Square Area has various attractions which all promote walking activities. However, the presence of street vendors, the lack of facilities for the disabled, inadequate vegetation, crossings, and supporting facilities, and also illegal parking have caused problems, which have rendered the pedestrian-friendly environmental aspects not being able to be fulfilled. This study aims to assess the walkability of streets in Bandung City Square Area, using aspect of walkability based on pedestrian perception as users. The research was conducted using the Global Walkability Index and Multicriteria Satisfaction Analysis, based on pedestrian perception surveys. The results showed that, the existing conditions of streets’ walkability in Bandung City Square Area is Waiting to Walk, which is adequate for walking. For example, five parameters, namely the availability of crossings, security against crime, disabled infrastructure, grade safety of crossing, and motorist behavior were found to be below average. It can also be concluded that, three parameters, namely crossing safety, security against crime, and disabled infrastructure require immediate attentions. The overall results of the study suggested that, improvement of streets’ walkability is needed by focusing on parameters that are below-average, thus requiring immediate attentions. Further research is recommended to find effective improvements for streets’ walkability, based on the pedestrian perception to have a pedestrian-friendly environment in Bandung City Square Area.

Bicyclist and Motorist Behavior at Bike Boxes

Bike boxes provide a designated space for bicyclists to gather at the front of the traffic queue and are intended to generally improve the visibility and predictability of their positions. Multiple bike box studies have been performed over the past 10 years in the United States, yet the impact of bike box design on motorist and bicyclist behavior is not well understood. This paper presents a field study that assesses motorist and bicyclist behavior at 11 bike boxes in Boston and Somerville, Massachusetts. Motorist behavior was assessed based on motorized vehicle encroachment on the bike box by vehicles arriving during the red signal. Bicycle behavior was studied by recording the positioning of bicyclists during the red signal. The study results indicate lower motorist compliance rates compared with previous studies and confirm the correlation between compliance rate and turning movement that had been previously reported in the literature. Motorists’ compliance could not be correlated with motorized vehicle or bicyclist demand, and only some initial hypotheses were extracted on the impact of bike box design characteristics on motorist compliance that warrant future exploration. Bicyclist behavior with regard to positioning within the bike box was comparable with earlier studies. Overall, this study reinforces the need for further research to understand user behavior at bike boxes and relate behavior to safety outcomes as well as the need for outreach and education efforts to support bike box effectiveness.

Factors affecting the behavioral intention to park legally among urban Malaysian in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

One of the main issues that created traffic congestion is the illegal parking activities leading to traffic violation and dissatisfaction on how local authorities are managing the on-street parking in Kuala Lumpur. Current study focused on the relationship between motorist behaviour, safety and security, parking place and facilities, parking fee and intention to park legally. This study also examines the effect of enforcement factors being the mediator for motorist behaviour, safety and security and the intention to park legally. The results of the study were derived from 419 licensed motorists through convenience sampling and the response was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and the Smart Partial Least Square software. This study found that there is a significant relationship between motorist behaviour and intention to park legally. In addition, enforcement factors that mediated between motorist behaviour, safety and security and the intention to park legally were also found to be significant. However, other predictors such as safety and security, parking place and parking fee had shown that there is no direct relationship with the intention to park legally. Future study should consider conducting the study on a larger scale at national level.

Characterizing Peak-Time Traffic Jam Incidents in Kampala Using Exploratory Data Analysis

Traffic congestion is associated with increased environmental pollutions, as well as reduced socio-economic productivity due to significant delays in travel times. The consequences are worse in least developed countries where motorized road transport networks are often inefficiently managed in addition to being largely underdeveloped. Recent research on traffic congestion has mostly focused on infrastructural aspects of road networks, with little or no emphasis at all on motorists’ on-the-road behavior (MB). The current study thus aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by characterizing traffic jam incidents (TJI) observed over a period of 80 days in Uganda’s Capital City, Kampala. MB as well as road network infrastructural factors such as road blockage (RB), were captured for each of the observed TJI. A total of 483 peak-time TJI were recorded, and exploratory data analysis (EDA) subsequently performed on the TJI dataset. EDA involved Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and K-means clustering of the TJI dataset, as well as a detailed descriptive statistical analysis of both the entire dataset and the emerging TJI clusters. A highlight finding of this study is that 48.2% of the observed TJIs were as a result of on-the-road motorist behavior. Furthermore, the intervention of traffic police officers in a bid to regulate traffic flow was equally responsible for 25.9% of the TJIs observed in this study. Overall, these results indicate that whereas road infrastructural improvement is warranted in order to improve traffic flow, introducing interventions to address inappropriate on-the-road motorists’ behavior could alone improve traffic flow in Kampala, by over 48%. Additionally, in-order to effectively regulate traffic flow in Kampala and other least developed cities with similar traffic congestion management practices, motorists’ on-the-road behavior ought to be factored into any data-driven mechanisms deployed to regulate traffic flow and thus potentially significantly curbing traffic congestion.

The influence of achievement goals on objective driving behavior.

Investigating psychological characteristics through self-reported measures (e.g., anger, sensation seeking) and dynamic behaviors through objective measures (e.g., speed, 2D acceleration, GPS position etc.) may allow us to better understand the behavior of at-risk drivers. To assess drivers’ motivation, the theoretical framework of achievement goals has been studied recently. These achievement goals can influence the decision-making and behaviors of individuals engaged in driving. The four achievement goals in driving are: seeking to improve or to drive as well as possible (mastery-approach), to outperform other drivers (performance-approach), to avoid driving badly (mastery-avoidance), and to avoid being the worst driver (performance-avoidance). Naturalistic Driving Studies (NDS) provide access to the objective measurements of data not accessible through self-reported measurements (i.e., speed, accelerations, GPS position). Three dynamic criteria have been developed to characterize the behavior of motorists objectively: driving events, time spent above acceleration thresholds (longitudinal and transversal), and the extent of dynamic demands. All these criteria have been measured in different road contexts (e.g., plain). The aim of this study was to examine the predictive role of the four achievement goals on these objective driving behaviors. 266 drivers (96 women, 117 men) took part in the study, and 4 242 482 km was recorded during 8 months. Simultaneously, they completed the Achievement Goals in Driving Questionnaire. The main results highlighted that mastery-approach goals negatively predicted hard braking and the extent of dynamic demands on plain and hilly roads. Mastery-approach goals seem to be the most protective goals in driving. Future research on the promotion of mastery-approach goals in driving may be able to modify the behavior of at-risk drivers.

ENTREPRENEURIAL MOTIVATION AS A PREDICTOR OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS TRAFFIC SAFETY AMONG MINIBUS DRIVERS IN ANAMBRA STATE

Within entrepreneurship, motivation describes the psychological investment geared towards attaining a set business goal. Indeed, motivation is an essential component in the transportation business. Given the increasing disregard for traffic safety associated with the transportation business in Nigeria, research must explore the relevant variables that could correlate the behavior of motorists towards traffic safety. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to examine entrepreneurial motivation as a factor that could account for the variation in attitudes towards traffic safety among minibus drivers in the Anambra State of Nigeria. One hundred and thirteen minibus operators operating in different locations in the state were recruited for the study. The participants comprised males within the age range of 20 to 45 years with about one year of driving experience. They completed a self-report measure of the Attitude towards Safe Driving Scale (ASDS) and the entrepreneurial motivation questionnaire. The simple regression analysis conducted on the data revealed that entrepreneurial motivation statistically significantly predicted attitudes towards traffic safety. Thus, the study concluded that entrepreneurial motivation is an essential determinant of drivers attitudes towards traffic safety.

Analisis Zona Selamat Sekolah Terhadap Keselamatan Penyeberang Jalan Di SD Negeri 36 Sail Kota Pekanbaru

Pekanbaru is the capital and largest city in Riau province. This city is one of the largest economic centers in the eastern part of Sumatra Island. Safe School Zone (ZoSS) is a location/area on a certain road segment which is a time-based speed zone to regulate vehicle speed in the school environment. The maximum permitted speed limit for entering ZoSS, especially on secondary arterial roads, is 25 km/hour and in general the speed limit for vehicles passing through ZoSS in Indonesia is generally 20-30 km/hour. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of the traffic safety zone at SD Negeri 36 in Pekanbaru City. This research was conducted using the Likert Scale method by distributing questionnaires asking questions about the behavior of drivers and parents. The results showed that the construction of the shoulder of the road is the most important infrastructure in supporting ZoSS in the area. In addition, the installation of speed limit signs is also a need for ZoSS which is built in the area. In the ZoSS area marking issue, the need for zebra cross markings and noise bands is an important priority in improving school area safety. This study also reviews various pedestrian safety issues in the area, such as the behavior of motorists who do not reduce their speed when crossing in front of the school, vehicle violations such as not wearing a helmet and not installing a rearview mirror. ZoSS concept.

Heavy Metal Content in Hair at Workers in Gas Station of Sidoarjo City in 2021

One of the most dominant workplaces where heavy metal contamination occurs is the Gas Station (SPBU). Gas station workers are at high risk of being exposed to heavy metals while working due to inhaling fuel that evaporates into the air and vehicle fumes due to the behavior of motorists who do not turn off the engine while waiting in line. Determination of the level of heavy metal contamination of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, and Cr was determined through hair clippings using the Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. The gas stations used in this study are SPBU X and Y in Sidoarjo. This study aims to determine the levels of heavy metals in hair and to determine the relationship between working period, age, smoking habits, and savety with heavy metal levels in gas station workers in Sidoarjo. The type of research used is descriptive cross sectional and analytical method through filling out questionnaires and correlative statistics with SPSS. The results obtained showed that the average levels of heavy metals Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, and Cr at SPBU X were 0.232, respectively; 0.000; 0.003; 0.001; 0.464; and 0.024 mg/g. while the average levels of heavy metals Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, and Cr at SPBU Y were 0.516, respectively; 0.000; 0.007; -0.001; 0.345; and 0.051 mg/g. It can be said that the levels of heavy metals Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, and Cr did not exceed the specified threshold. The results of the statistical test of the correlation between the levels of heavy metals Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, and Cr with years of service, age, smoking habits, and PPE of gas station workers were not significant (p>0.05).

Intersection Safety Assessment Using Video-Based Traffic Conflict Analysis: The Case Study of Thailand

In the road transport network, intersections are among the most critical locations leading to a risk of death and serious injury. The traditional methods to assess the safety of intersections are based on statistical analyses that require crash data. However, such data may be under-reported and omit important crash-related factors. The conventional approaches, therefore, are not easily applied to making comparisons of intersection designs under different road classifications. This study developed a risk-based approach that incorporates video-based traffic conflict analysis to investigate vehicle conflicts under mixed traffic conditions including motorcycles and cars in Thailand. The study applied such conflict data to assess the risk of intersections in terms of time-to-collision and conflict speed. Five functional classes of intersections were investigated, including local-road/local-road, local-road/collector, collector/arterial, collector/collector, and arterial/arterial intersections. The results showed that intersection classes, characteristics, and control affect the behavior of motorists and the safety of intersections. The results found that the low-order intersections with stop/no control are high risks due to the short time-to-collision of motorcycle-related conflicts. They generate frequent conflicts with low chance of injury. The high-order intersections with signal control are high risks due to high conflicting speeds of motorcycle–car conflicts. They generate few conflicts but at a high chance of injury. The study presents the applicability of video-based traffic conflict analysis for systematically estimating the crash risk of intersections. The risk-based approach can be deemed as a supplement indicator in addition to limited crash data to evaluate the safety of intersections. However, future research is needed to explore the potential of other road infrastructure under different circumstances.

Investigating Motorists Perceptions towards Road Safety

Exploring motorist attitudes and perceptions will aid in decision makers' awareness of road safety measures, allowing for the creation of policies and the introduction of effective steps to ensure that the road safety goals are met. This study aims to explore motorists' perceptions towards road safety and to come up with new ways to enhance road traffic safety in developing cities. The self-reporting questionnaires using a Likert scale were used to collect data from respondents in Denpasar, Bali Island. Using motorist perception data, the multinomial logit models were constructed to classify the factors that affect road traffic accidents. This study discovered that intersections are a high-risk area for road traffic accidents. Gaining a deeper understanding of motorist behavior at intersections will aid in the creation of a better design that meets motorist expectations when approaching an intersection. Furthermore, the ability to ‘read' roads to predict hazards is a vital component of driving abilities that has been related to road traffic accidents. The key causes of traffic accidents were also discovered to be disobedient conduct and reckless driving. Based on these results, some countermeasures for improving road traffic safety in Bali were discussed with an emphasis on engineering and education perspectives.

Facilitators and barriers to cycling in older residents of New South Wales, Australia

ObjectiveTo investigate facilitators and barriers to all types of cycling in adults aged ≥50 years. MethodsAn online survey of 1335 cyclists aged ≥50 years residents of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. ResultsAlmost all participants (98.5%) reported physical health and fitness as a reason for riding a bicycle, followed by mental health (68.1%), social (58.3%) and environmental reasons (44%). Top reported barriers to cycling included motorist behaviour or aggression (34.4%), speed and volume of traffic (27.1%), proximity to motor vehicle traffic (26%) and not enough separated bike lanes (22.7%). Females and occasional riders were significantly more likely to report these barriers than men and regular riders respectively. Key facilitators included improved attitudes towards cyclists compared to current attitudes (69.5%), separate bike lanes (63.4%), education and training of motorists (57.5%). DiscussionStrategies designed to improve cycling participation in older adults need to address barriers to cycling and to tailor interventions for under-represented groups such females.

Assessing motorist behavior during flash floods in Tucson, Arizona

Weather events often force motorists to drive in unsafe conditions or alter travel plans. Both decisions are imbued with costs that drivers may minimize by developing adaptation behaviors that facilitate safe travel. This study examines motorist behavior in Tucson, where urban flash floods are potentially avoided by strategies such as changing the route or trip timing. A sample of 108 residents completed a stated adaptation questionnaire regarding which behaviors they take to avoid floods prior to departure and upon encountering a flood. A multiple regression analysis tests whether behaviors depend on demographic characteristics, familiarity with flood locations, and previous experience entering floodwaters. This study also considers the types of information that people seek upon encountering a flood. The results highlight the importance of flexibility and familiarity for motorists’ decision making. Fewer adaptation behaviors are used for urgent commute trips, but route switching is common for the most frequent trips to work, school, and home. Pre-trip behaviors account for most differences because most respondents use adaptation behaviors upon flood encounter, but age, ethnicity, and previous experience with floods are key factors. Differences in flood avoidance behaviors appear to be linked to travel flexibility, not just propensity to take risks. These results also highlight the significant potential for communicating alternate routes to help motorists reduce flood exposure and other point-location hazards while minimizing travel disruption.

Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Influence on Social Health Risk Behaviour Change Among Motorcycle Riders in the Transport Industry in Kimili Subcounty, Bungoma County, Kenya

Most urban centres and cities globally are vulnerable to the fast spread of Covid-19 due to their high population and many interactive activities including movement of people. The transport industry has been targeted in many parts of the world in the effort to curb the spread of pandemic as it is believed to be the main conduit of the spread of the pandemic. However, the lockdown of major cities all over the world has led to the development of under ways to facilitate illegal movement of people in and out of the lockdown epicentre cities. In Kenya for instance Nairobi and Mombasa which are believed to be the main epicentres of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic were put under lockdown by the government of Kenya for three months. Consequently, the government through the ministry of health banned motorists especially public transport vehicles from entering and leaving the epicentre cities. During the lockdown motorcycle became the major mode of public transport illegally sneaking people in and out of these cities thus endangering lives of many Kenyans as they aided in the spread of the pandemic. The lifting of the lockdown of Mombasa and Nairobi has seen tremendous rise in infections and even deaths doubling the previous statistics. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate Covid-19 pandemic and its influence on the social risk behaviour change among motorcycle riders in the transport industry in Kimilili Sub county Bungoma County Kenya. The study population were all the motorcycle riders within Kimilili town. The sample size comprised of 60 motor bike riders selected through simple random sampling from 12 motorcycle stage points in Kimilili town. The study adopted quantitative research design where descriptive survey was employed. Simple structured questionnaire was developed and administered to the respondents. Data was collected and analyzed through descriptive statistics and presented in tables of frequencies and percentages. The results revealed that motorbike riders had failed to comply with the ministry of health guidelines in the transport industry to help fight the spread of Covid-19 pandemic. The extent to which the respondents complied with the government regulations was generally low. Therefore, the noncompliance behaviour of bike motorists to the government directives was a serious social health risk behaviour that the ministry of health should address to minimise the spread of Covid-19 through motorbike transport system in Kenya.

Cognitive Ergonomics: Driving Safety Engineering Analysis using the SHERPA Method and the HEART Methods Approach

One factor driving accident that Human error. To minimize the occurrence of traffic accidents on the toll Suramadu necessary to analyze the driving safety engineering. There are nine drive-based HTA activities include Deselerate, Adding Speed, Stable, check behind the vehicle, check the vehicle in front, view mirrors, Lit beacon lights, Precede, yet precedes. Method SHERPA and HEART methods approach that aims to find great value HEP so that the most dominant factor in traffic accidents due to the driver can be determined, based on such things can be done in driving safety engineering. Based on the identification and analysis of the results obtained HEP value is 1,488, or 149%, for the types of errors in point 2.3.3 which precedes activity with limited time item, the risk does not fit that predicted, and requires a decision that depends on the ability of the rider so that needs to be done improvement in the behavior of motorists to pay attention to safety driving such as traffic warning symbol.

ANALISIS KRIMINOLOGI TINGGINYA ANGKA KECELAKAAN LALULINTAS DI WILAYAH HUKUM POLRES PESISIR SELATAN

On the South Coast there is an increasing number of accidents every year. The criminological factor of the high number of traffic accidents in the Legal Area of the Pesisir Selatan Police is a factor of road conditions because Pesisir Selatan Regency has a geographical condition as a hilly plateau and is located along the southern coast of Sumatra. Another factor for community domesticated livestock is cows that are allowed to roam around without a leash. Efforts to Overcome Traffic Accidents in the Legal Area of the Pesisir Selatan District Police are carried out with several aspects, namely the engineering aspects of road maintenance and infrastructure, installation of markers, installation of warning lights (flip flop lights), installation of signs, and speed restrictions. The education aspect is carried out by improving motorist behavior, through appeals and training. Externally the obstacle faced is the lack of cooperation between the traffic police and other agencies related to traffic such as the transportation department and the nagari administration. The low level of legal awareness of road users in carrying out their work, namely driving their vehicles in accordance with good and correct driving operational standards, is often not applied by violating traffic regulations.

Note on Motorist Behaviors When Overtaking Cyclists

AbstractThis note documents motorist behaviors when overtaking cyclists. Observers reviewed nearly 2,300 h of video and classified 20,734 vehicle–cyclist interactions on a variety of commonly used ...

Journey Attributes, E-Bike Use, and Perception of Driving Behavior of Motorists as Predictors of Bicycle Crash Involvement and Severity

Previous studies have revealed the relevance of e-bike use, perception of driving behavior of motorists, and instrumental and affective factors in work and leisure journeys among regular cyclists. However, the importance of these factors as predictors of bicycle crash involvement and severity is less well-known. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of journey attributes, e-bike use, and perception of driving behavior of motorists in predicting bicycle crash involvement and severity, while controlling for sociodemographic factors, cycling levels, cycling environment, and purposes of cycling. We collected data from an online panel of 2,389 respondents from six European countries (Sweden, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Hungary, Italy, Spain). Using the generalized linear model, we found that both bicycle crash involvement and severity were related to lower age, being employed, using the bicycle for traveling to or from college/university, not using the bicycle for leisure/training, and using an e-bike. Bicycle crash severity was associated with lower affective attributes, higher instrumental attributes, and the perception of good driving behavior of motorists.

Pedestrian temporal gap acceptance behavior at unsignalized intersections in Kanpur, India

Vehicle heterogeneity, lack of lane discipline, lack of infrastructure facilities, and weak enforcement of traffic rules are all characteristics of Indian traffic. These characteristics make Indian roads difficult for non-motorized road users, especially pedestrians. Most intersections in urban areas in India are unsignalized, which results in complex interactions between pedestrians and motorists. This study aims to understand pedestrian gap acceptance behavior at unsignalized intersections in India under heterogeneous traffic conditions. Pedestrian data were collected from six unsignalized intersections in the city of Kanpur. The critical gap was estimated using Wu’s (2006) macroscopic model, and then the effects of several variables on the critical gap were studied. A discrete choice model (binary logit model) was developed to understand the choice of accepted and rejected vehicular gaps depending on traffic, road, and peer pedestrian characteristics. The mean critical headway was 3.76 s using Wu’s model. The behavioral analysis revealed that pedestrians accept rolling gaps to cross unsignalized intersections, resulting in a reduction of the size of the critical gap. The adoption of rolling gap behavior can be attributed to the unyielding behavior of motorists, which forces pedestrians to accept short vehicular gaps in the traffic stream.