Entrepreneurial Behavior Research Articles

Are Family Firms More Entrepreneurial than Non-Family Firms? A Multidimensional Comparative Approach

Entrepreneurship is considered one of the key factors in facilitating a company’s pursuit of sustainable development. The findings of this study can help firms improve their entrepreneurial capacity and highlight its significance for sustainable development; therefore, the levels of entrepreneurship serve as indicators of the potentials of enterprises to achieve sustainable development goals. The existing literature has explored whether there are differences in the approaches between family and non-family firms as well as in their levels of entrepreneurship. Contributing to this ongoing debate, this article aims to compare the levels of entrepreneurship between these two types of companies in a selected small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector. The analysis encompasses eight dimensions of entrepreneurship: risk-taking, innovativeness, proactiveness, inter-organizational cooperation, competitiveness, diversification, flexibility, and digitalization. This study was conducted on a sample of 145 small printing companies that operated in Poland in 2023. The results of the statistical analysis revealed that family firms exhibited a higher level of entrepreneurship when treated as a multidimensional construct. Moreover, family firms outperformed non-family firms across all of the analyzed dimensions, with statistically significant differences being observed in four dimensions: innovativeness, proactiveness, diversification, and competitiveness. This study confirmed the existing indications in the literature that family firms demonstrated higher levels of entrepreneurship, which may suggest their greater potential in pursuing sustainable development. The novelty of this research lies in its multidimensional approach, which offers a comprehensive analysis that integrates eight dimensions of entrepreneurship. This allowed for a deeper understanding of entrepreneurial behaviors and attitudes when highlighting the unique characteristics of family and non-family firms. The findings are particularly relevant for the owners and managers of family and non-family businesses; they provide tools for diagnosing entrepreneurship levels in a more comprehensive manner and applying tailored management practices for addressing areas that require improvement. One limitation of this study is its focus on a single sector; this may have affected the generalizability of the results. Future research could explore governance and ownership structures when analyzing entrepreneurial dimensions—particularly in the context of family firms.

Perfil emprendedor en estudiantes de educación superior chilenos

(analytical)Entrepreneurship currently has a relevant position in vocational training. This study sought to identify entrepreneurial profiles among students in the Faculty of Business and Administration at the Instituto Profesional de Chile. A non-probabilistic sample of 240 students was used. The results of the research showed a high level of entrepreneurial behaviors, subjective norms, self-belief and entrepreneurial intentions, as well as the identification of four different profiles: natural entrepreneur, informal entrepreneur, entrepreneur due to necessity and non-entrepreneur. These results provide new information about entrepreneurship among young people that can be used to inform educational processes, pedagogical practices, teacher training, developing links with local settings and the design of graduate profiles for business and administration degrees. Keywords: Entrepreneurship; competence development; vocational education; youth; quantitative analysis.

Start Something! Effectual Action in the Entrepreneurship Classroom

This article presents an innovative experiential exercise, Start Something!, designed to bridge the intention–behavior–action gap in entrepreneurship education across online and face-to-face courses at undergraduate and graduate levels. Highlighting in the principles of effectual entrepreneurship and lean startup, the exercise challenges students to enact change through immediate, practical engagement, emphasizing action, diligence, initiative, and agility. Start Something! drives students to adopt an action-oriented mindset, and a critical shift in attitude, tackling the common student challenge of procrastination by catalyzing cognitive and motivational aspects conducive to entrepreneurial behavior. The exercise is not only a pedagogical tool but also a means of immersing students in the realities of entrepreneurial action, encouraging them to leverage available resources to initiate ventures. Through the theoretical foundations, exercise instructions, learning objectives, debrief strategies, and assessment methods, this article underscores the effectiveness of Start Something! in promoting action-oriented behavior, significantly impacting students’ entrepreneurial mindset and capabilities.

A framework to nurturing digital entrepreneurs: Demystifying critical factors that influence tech-driven business behavior

Technology and the internet have altered business activities by enabling organizations to reach customers, develop markets, enhance profitability, and raise brand awareness. With 167 million social media users, Indonesia’s internet economy provides numerous entrepreneurial possibilities; however, just 0.43% of entrepreneurs are technology-based. This demonstrates the need for digital entrepreneurship education and effective social media use, particularly among tech-savvy college students. The present study aims to examine the effects of social media utilization, digital entrepreneurship education, and attitude toward digital business on the technology-based entrepreneurial behavior of Indonesian university students, using the frameworks of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and the theory of planned behavior. This study employs quantitative research using a non-probability sampling method with a judgmental technique, focusing on 391 university students engaged in entrepreneurial activities using social media. The study employed SmartPLS to analyze the research data. The results indicate that social influence, work and performance expectations, and attitude toward digital entrepreneurship positively influence the use of social media for technology-based entrepreneurial activities. Moreover, the paper unveiled that the provision of digital entrepreneurship education and the utilization of social media for commercial purposes had a beneficial influence on behavior that is predisposed toward technology. The present study demonstrates that the adoption of social media functions as a mediator in the association between digital entrepreneurship education and the adoption of social media, therefore exerting an impact on technology-based entrepreneurial behavior. AcknowledgmentsThe research team would like to thank the Ministry of Education, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia for providing funding for the research program based on Decree number 0667/E5/AL.04/2024 with university internal decree number: 0038-RD-LPPM-UMN/P-HD/VI/2024, and Universitas Multimedia Nusantara for supporting the implementation of this investigation.

Innovation potential scale (IPS): construction and validity evidence of a measure for the work context

PurposeThis article aims to develop a measure that assesses and maps the behaviors and traits of an individual with potential for innovation in the work context. To do so, it gathers evidence of factor validity and internal consistency.Design/methodology/approachIn the work context, innovation is often linked with the idea of intrapreneurship. Some experts have pointed out that intrapreneurial activities are essential for promoting innovation. However, it is not just about the activities – the key is to create an environment that supports innovation, fostering a culture where new ideas can thrive. To achieve the objectives of this research, we conducted two studies. The first study involved the construction of the innovation potential scale (IPS). In a theoretical, empirical way, the second study involved the administration of the IPS and a sociodemographic questionnaire to a sample of 621 Brazilians from 25 different occupations.FindingsThe results introduce a nine-item measure for the innovative behavior assessment, along with its validity and psychometric properties. Furthermore, the results suggest that innovation potential is a unidimensional construct. Moreover, the study highlights the role of intrapreneurship as an explanatory axiom. This concept helps to understand the entrepreneurial behavior of various professionals and managers within their work context.Practical implicationsThis study contribute with as instrument that serves as a new powerful tool for understanding of the mechanisms that lead to innovation in the work context and stimulate the innovative potential of professionals and organizations.Originality/valueThis study helps fill gaps in the literature on self-report assessment of innovative behavior. The traits linked with the construct have a contingent nature and are only potential.

Female music entrepreneurs’ use of international social capital and digital technology

Abstract Music entrepreneurs are by nature intrinsically involved in the music industry due to lifestyle and business reasons. This study investigates the use of lifestyle entrepreneurship behaviours by taking a gender perspective about how music entrepreneurs develop commercial activities. This includes focusing on how international relationships relate to meaningful music entrepreneurial experience based on the use of social capital. Drawing on interview data from 12 female music entrepreneurs the findings highlight lifestyle identification responses to entrepreneurship as central constituents. Moreover, the study shows how female music entrepreneurs tap into their lifestyle connections based on their gender and social interests. The article contributes to the development of the music, gender, lifestyle, and digital entrepreneurship work by identifying a more interdisciplinary perspective. The practical implications for the music industry evolve around helping more female entrepreneurs break into the sector by harnessing their creative potential.

An evolutionary game study of traffic safety risk regulation considering public participation behavior

With the development of transportation technology, the improvement of transportation efficiency also increases the complexity and diversity of traffic safety risks; the public’s concern for traffic safety risks is increasing, and the traditional regulatory model is difficult to meet the improvement of the effectiveness of the safety regulation of the huge transportation network and the public’s changing safety needs. In order to enhance the effectiveness of safety regulation, a game model of safety risk regulation among the public, transport enterprises, and regulators is constructed to simulate the effects of different traffic risks, penalty levels, and exposure rates on the behavior of transport enterprises and regulators. The results of the study show that: traffic risk has a positive facilitating effect on the participation of transport enterprises and the public in the regulation of safety risks, which will accelerate the process of stabilization of their strategies; transport enterprises have a high sensitivity to changes in the level of punishment, and only when the level of punishment exceeds a certain threshold will they be able to promote the choice of complying with the transport; and a higher exposure will lead to a greater tendency for transport enterprises to choose complying with the transport.

Extending Social Entrepreneurial Behaviour Research through the Integrated Theory of Sociopreneurial Behaviour: a Systematic Literature Review

Results from prior meta-analyses and systematic literature reviews (SLR) on the formation of Social entrepreneurial behaviour (SEB) have been focusing on the antecedents of social entrepreneurial intention (SEI). However, the impact of the behaviour on welfare and social improvement is essential to distinguish social entrepreneurs from commercial entrepreneurs. Therefore, this article aims to extend the SLR beyond SEI to include any articles related to the formation and impact of SEB. This SLR is carried out in 4 phases. An extensive search in phase 1 has resulted in 332 articles being collected. Filtration in phase 2 resulted in 50 SEI and five SEB articles left for analysis. Descriptive analysis in phase 3 retrieved pertinent general information, such as SEI and SEB research trends, while thematic analysis revealed five theories, six models, and 50 psychological predictors. In phase 4, a systematic researchable framework is synthesised, which is explainable by a proposed theory called the Integrated Theory of Sociopreneurial Behaviour (ITSB). This framework may encourage researchers to identify and verify various external factors that prospectively reinforce or prevent the process of converting SEI into SEB. Besides, the model may suggest more attempts to validate the impact of SEB on the community and sociopreneurs.

The influence mechanism of internal and external driving factors on corporate green behavior

As the main undertaker of environmental protection tasks, what factors will affect the green behavior of enterprises and what factors play a crucial role are worthy of our in-depth research and discussion. This paper mainly explores the external and internal driving factors of enterprise green behavior, designs the corresponding scale, and obtains the enterprise survey data. With the help of SPSS26.0, AMOS24.0, and other software, the research results are analyzed through reliability and validity analysis difference score, and structural equation model to explore the influencing mechanism of enterprise green behavior. The empirical results show that: (1) From the perspective of direct effects, government environmental regulation, ecological environment quality, social norms, and individual factors have significant positive effects on corporate green behavior, while market leadership has no significant impact on corporate green behavior; From the perspective of categorical variables, government environmental regulation has a significant positive correlation with explicit green behavior, but its impact on implicit green behavior is not significant; market leadership has no significant impact on categorical variables of corporate green behavior; social norms also have a significant positive correlation with implicit green behavior, but their impact on explicit green behavior is not significant. (2) From the perspective of mediating effect, there are also multiple chain mediating effects between government environmental regulation, corporate green behavior, and their categorical variables. Individual factors mediate between market leadership, corporate green behavior, and its categorical variables. Ecological environment quality and individual factors significantly mediate between social norms, corporate green behavior, and its categorical variables. In contrast, individual factors significantly mediate between ecological environment quality and corporate green behavior and its categorical variables. (3) From the perspective of regulatory effect, among the influences of individual factors and corporate green behavior, corporate governance can play a significant negative regulatory effect. In contrast, organizational factors such as corporate attributes, green technology innovation ability, corporate social responsibility, and corporate green culture atmosphere all play a significant positive regulatory effect. Green technology innovation ability is far greater than other organizational factors. This paper’s conclusions will help improve the framework of the influencing mechanism of corporate green behavior and provide references for future research directions.

Pathways to common prosperity: unraveling the effect of government-driven rural tourism development on household income in China

ABSTRACT The government-driven Leisure Agriculture and Rural Tourism Demonstration County (LARTDC) policy provides a good quasi-natural experiment to determine the causal effect between rural tourism development and household income in China. Using the staggered difference-in-differences (SDID) method, we find that LARTDC policy implementation leads to a 10.82% increase in rural household income in China. To ensure the robustness of the SDID results, we conduct additional tests, such as the parallel trend assumption, Bacon decomposition, and placebo tests. Mechanism tests indicate that this income effect can be partially attributed to entrepreneurial behaviours, social networks, and infrastructure advancements. Moreover, we discover the inclusive nature of rural tourism development through heterogeneity analysis. Results show that rural tourism development benefits some disadvantaged groups, including households in less-developed regions and those with lower educational attainment, poorer health, higher dependency ratios, and limited assets.

Measuring Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students in Northwestern Croatia

This study explores the factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions among students in northwestern Croatia, with a focus on educational background, family entrepreneurial environment, studying experiences, and perceived self-efficacy. Empirical research was conducted between March and June 2024 on a sample of 160 students from northwestern Croatia, and a multiple regression analysis was performed to identify key predictors of entrepreneurial intentions. The results revealed that entrepreneurial self-efficacy significantly impacted students’ intentions to start and run successful businesses, aligning with prior research on entrepreneurial behavior. However, other factors, such as family background and entrepreneurial education, showed no significant influence in this specific regional context. The findings suggest that educational programs should emphasize developing entrepreneurial self-efficacy to foster future entrepreneurs. This study highlights the importance of integrating entrepreneurial activities, such as business plan competitions and start-up incubators, into the curriculum. Limitations related to sample size and cross-sectional design are acknowledged, and future research is encouraged to explore additional factors and larger samples. This research provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers seeking to enhance students’ entrepreneurial capacities and support regional economic development.

Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Beliefs on the Intention to Green Entrepreneurial Behavior

Evaluating the Effect of Environmental Beliefs on the Intention to Green Entrepreneurial Behavior

Influence of Self-Efficacy and Social Support on Entrepreneurial Behavior among Universiti Putra Malaysia undergraduate Students

Influence of Self-Efficacy and Social Support on Entrepreneurial Behavior among Universiti Putra Malaysia undergraduate Students

Human development and entrepreneurship: A cross-country analysis of early-stage, intention, and discontinuation.

Entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a vital driver of economic growth, yet its relationship through different stages with broader, non-purely monetary dimensions still needs to be explored. This research seeks to fill this gap by investigating the association between human development and entrepreneurship, recognizing the crucial role of environmental conditions in shaping entrepreneurial activity. Our cross-country Bayesian analysis shows strong evidence that a nation's level of human development is associated with entrepreneurial activity in three stages: early entrepreneurship, intention for future engagement, and discontinuation of ventures. Our findings expand the intricate relationship between entrepreneurship and economic variables, highlighting the importance of environmental conditions in shaping entrepreneurial behavior. This article emphasizes that promoting robust entrepreneurial ecosystems requires considering integral dimensions such as human development. Policymakers and researchers should broaden their perspectives to encompass these holistic dimensions to create an environment conducive to entrepreneurial growth.

Social Norm as a Moderating Variable on the Influence of Opportunity Recognition and Entrepreneurship Education on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention

This research examines the influence of opportunity recognition and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention, with social norms as a moderating variable. Using multiple regression analysis (MRA), the study investigates the direct impact of both opportunity recognition and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention and the moderating role of social norms in these relationships. The results show that both opportunity recognition and entrepreneurship education significantly positively affect entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the interaction between opportunity recognition and social norms and between entrepreneurship education and social norms are also significant, indicating that social norms strengthen the effects of these two variables on entrepreneurial intention. These findings support the hypothesis that social norms moderate the relationship between opportunity recognition and entrepreneurship education with entrepreneurial intention. This study contributes to the existing literature by reinforcing the importance of external social factors in enhancing entrepreneurial intentions. It underscores the need for institutions and policymakers to focus on fostering entrepreneurship education and recognizing entrepreneurial opportunities while considering the role of social context. The results align with previous studies, confirming the relevance of these factors in shaping entrepreneurial behavior and intention.

The diffusion of prefabrication technology and its potential for CO2 emissions reduction in China: A combined system dynamics and agent-based study

The building sector is one of the largest CO2 emitters. Prefabrication technology (PT) shows remarkable potential for reducing CO2 emissions during the material and construction phases of the building life cycle. However, the diffusion of PT in China is still in its infancy, and more targeted policies are necessary to accelerate the adoption of PT. This study proposes a combined system dynamics and agent-based modeling approach to include the technology adoption behavior of enterprises at the micro level, and the market effects and policies at the macro level. This approach provides a more comprehensive modeling approach and analysis for technology diffusion. Results show that the diffusion of PT has experienced three phases: (i) an initial phase that lasted until 2016, (ii) a mandatory adoption phase from 2016 to 2025, and (iii) a mandatory and market adoption phase that will last from 2025 to 2035 under appropriate policy mixes. A policy mix with moderate intensity is the most efficient in terms of balancing the policy effect and feasibility. The potential of CO2 reduction depends on both the diffusion rate of PT and the floor area of new buildings. Mandatory adoption is more effective than incentive-based policies in reducing CO2 emissions.

The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurship Education at the Diploma Level: Predicting Entrepreneurial Intention

This research focuses on the entrepreneurial intentions of diploma students in Indonesia, drawing data from respondents from several selected universities in Indonesia. These intentions are encouraged by entrepreneurship education, which plays an important role in developing students’ entrepreneurial behaviour. In recent years, Indonesia has emphasized the integration of innovative entrepreneurial concepts into university curricula. Entrepreneurship education can also contribute to sustainable business development. In the context of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, entrepreneurship education is important for promoting the restructuring of economic and business models, increasing development momentum, and following an innovation-driven development path. It is used as a moderator in this research to examine its contribution to the relationship between the independent variables used, because previous research exploring its moderating role in higher education circles have not fully confirmed said relationship. This study used a quantitative approach, with a sample size of 582 students consisting of selected universities on the islands of Java and Sumatra, because they have an entrepreneurship curriculum with the largest number of students in Indonesia. This study used an online questionnaire as a data collection medium. Questionnaires were distributed and filled in by respondents from August 2022 to March 2023. The results of the study reveal interesting findings regarding the moderating role of entrepreneurship education in strengthening and weakening the relationship between predictors of entrepreneurial intention. This study then used the theory of planned behaviour to form a research model. Keywords: entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial intention, theory of planned behavior

Parentalistic leadership and crisis responses by small entrepreneurial firms

ABSTRACT The effects of a cultural context on leadership within small firms in a crisis were studied by interviewing top managers and founders of entrepreneurial firms during and immediately after the COVID-19 lockdowns. Interview transcripts were analyzed as qualitative data using thematic analysis. None of the firms had a written plan that would be directly applicable to dealing with the COVID-19 crisis. Instead, they relied on entrepreneurial behaviour and flexibility. To deal with the crisis, Colombian firms tended to shift to greater reliance on parentalistic/paternalistic leadership practizing a more authoritative approach, but also benevolence, including care for employees’ families. Such a shift was less characteristic of Spanish firms, which tended to adopt a transactional approach or did not change their leadership style. We interpret the difference by using Schein’s levels of culture model: a crisis strengthens the influence of core societal values, which is reflected in leadership dynamics.

Effects of public data open on performance of government functions in China: the roles of digital economy and market economic system adopting the perspective of resource- based view

IntroductionThe emergence of the digital economy necessitates effective government guidance and regulation of enterprise behavior to ensure fair market competition. Understanding how public data open can enhance the performance of government functions is crucial, particularly in understanding the roles of key factors like the development of the digital economy and the current state of the market economic system. This study explores the effects of public data open on performance of government functions from a resource-based perspective.MethodsUsing a dataset of 237 Chinese cities from 2017 to 2021, we employed a two-way fixed-effects model to investigate the mechanisms. This includes its interaction with the development of the digital economy and the moderating role of the market economic system.ResultsThe findings reveal that public data open significantly improves performance of government functions, as validated by a multi-temporal DID model and various robustness checks. Notably, the development of the digital economy mediates this relationship, while the market economic system has a strong positive moderating effect. The effects of public data open on performance of government functions also exhibits significant variability.DiscussionRecommendations include coordinating regional public data open resource planning and allocation, enhancing public data open rules and objectives by region, and promoting synergy between public data open, development of digital economy and the market economic system.

Big Data in Leadership Studies: Automated Machine Learning Model to Predict Preferred Leader Behavior Across Cultures

With global leadership as the new norm, discussion about followers’ preferred leader behaviors across cultures is growing in significance. This study proposes a comprehensive predictive model to explore significant preferred leadership factors, drawn from the Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire (LBDQXII), across cultures using automated machine learning (AML). We offer a robust empirical measurement of culturally contingent leader behavior and entrepreneurship behaviors and provide a tool for assessing the cultural predictors of preferred leader behavior to minimize predictive errors, explore patterns in the data and make predictions in an empirically robust way. Hence, our approach fills a gap in the literature relating to applications of AML in leadership studies and contributes a novel empirical method to better predict leadership preferences. Cultural indicators from Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior (GLOBE) predict the likelihood of the preferred leader behaviors of “Role Assumption”, “Production Emphasis” and “Initiation of Structure”. Hofstede’s Long-Term/Short-Term Orientation is the most critical predictor of preferences for “Tolerance of Uncertainty” and “Initiation of Structure”, whereas the value of restraint impacts the likelihood of preferring leaders with skills in “Integration” and “Consideration”. Significant entrepreneurial values indicators have a significant impact on preferences for leaders focused on “Initiation of Structure”, “Production Emphasis” and “Predictive Accuracy”. Findings also support earlier studies that reveal age and gender significantly impact our preferences for specific leader behaviors. We discuss and offer conclusions to support our findings that foster development of global business managers and practitioners.