Blood Flow Behavior Research Articles

Mechanical study of blood flow through a permeable capillary with slippery wall

This research presents the mechanical behavior of blood flow through capillary having smooth inner surface. In this study modelling of blood flow via permeable and lubricated capillary caused by nutrients re-absorption has been done by the help of laws of momentum and mass. The nutrients re-absorption is assumed to be constant and inner walls of the capillary are smooth and slippery therefore slip condition on the velocity and constant rate in vertical direction at the wall has considered. The Kelvin Voigt model is employed to simulate blood flow via capillaries, and results for pressure, blood flow pattern, and shear force necessary for blood flow are discovered by recursive approach. Numerical results for nutrient re-absorption from the blood and impact of smooth and slippery surfaces on blood flow are shown through graphs. The novelty of the research invents that the smoothness and slickness of capillary wall is a crucial presumption to examine the blood as non-Newtonian fluid via capillary.

Additive Manufacturing and Mechanical Properties of Auxetic and Non-Auxetic Ti24Nb4Zr8Sn Biomedical Stents: A Combined Experimental and Computational Modelling Approach

The effect of plaque deposition (atherosclerosis) on blood flow behaviour is investigated via computational fluid dynamics and structural mechanics simulations. To mitigate the narrowing of coronary artery atherosclerosis (stenosis), the computational modelling of auxetic and non-auxetic stents was performed in this study to minimise or even avoid these deposition agents in the future. Computational modelling was performed in unrestricted (open) conditions and restricted (in an artery) conditions. Finally, stent designs were produced by additive manufacturing, and mechanical testing of the stents was undertaken. Auxetic stent 1 and auxetic stent 2 exhibit very little foreshortening and radial recoil in unrestricted deployment conditions compared to non-auxetic stent 3. However, stent 2 shows structural instability (strut failure) during unrestricted deployment conditions. For the restricted deployment condition, stent 1 shows a higher radial recoil compared to stent 3. In the tensile test simulations, short elongation for stent 1 due to strut failure is demonstrated, whereas no structural instability is noticed for stent 2 and stent 3 until 0.5 (mm/mm) strain. The as-built samples show a significant thickening of the struts of the stents resulting in short elongations during tensile testing compared to the simulations (stent 2 and stent 3). A modelling framework for the stent deployment system that enables the selection of appropriate stent designs before in vivo testing is required. This leads to the acceleration of the development process and a reduction in time, resulting in less material wastage. The modelling framework shall be useful for doctors designing patient-specific stents.

Numerical analysis of the behavior of two-phase blood flow in locally magnetized vessel

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the behavior of non-Newtonian blood flow under localized magnetic field. To that end, we consider a 2-dimensional and two-phase fully-developed biomagnetic fluid model in a rectangular artery. The blood flow model considers the ferrohydrodynamic (FHD) and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) parameters, which differ from the traditional model based upon Navier-Stokes equations. An external user-defined (UDF) source code was used to define fully-developed flow, viscosity, FHD and MHD properties in magnetic and non-magnetic regions. The numerical outcomes are evaluated in consideration of their potential uses in the field of magneto-hemorheology. All the physical parameters used to interpret the findings are consistent with the pathological conditions. The solutions are displayed as velocity, stream function, temperature contours. The study reveals that blood flow can be regulated by modifying the magnetic field strength, artery diameter, and concentration of red blood cells within the artery. In particular, it could be useful for surgical treatments of cancer and dengue diseases in the extraction of affected red blood cells from the bloodstream.

Solute Dispersion in an Unsteady Herschel-Bulkley Flow through an Inclined Stenosed Arter

Motivated by the concept of blood flow in a stenosed artery, this present research investigates the influence of stenosis shape in terms of height and arterial inclination on the blood flow and solute dispersion behaviour through an inclined stenosed artery. The blood rheology is depicted using the Herschel-Bulkley model in a laminar, axisymmetric and incompressible unsteady flow through the stenosed artery. The effect of stenosis is focused on the stenosis height for both sine and cosine stenosis. Parameters of arterial inclination are also investigated to observe the effect of inclination on the blood velocity and dispersion function. Perturbation method is adopted in solving for the blood flow velocity under the effect of stenosis height and arterial inclination. The dispersion function of solute dispersion is solved using the obtained blood velocity by adopting the Generalized Dispersion Model (GDM) in obtaining steady dispersion functions. This present study shows that the increase in stenosis height decreases both blood velocity and dispersion function. Meanwhile, the increase in arterial inclination increases the blood velocity and dispersion function. The effect of stenosis height also affects blood velocity and dispersion function for the sine stenosis more than the cosine stenosis.

Advancements in Blood Rheology and Hemodynamics Simulation with a Brief History

Blood rheology is a complex field of study that investigates blood flow behavior, vital for understanding its role in physiological and pathological conditions. This article delves into various rheological models that describe blood behavior, ranging from Generalized Newtonian models to more sophisticated thixotropic and elastoviscoplastic models. One such model, the Horner-Armstrong-Wagner-Beris (HAWB) model, offers valuable insights into the dynamic interplay of reversible and irreversible phenomena in blood flow. Recent advancements, such as the mHAWB framework, provide enhanced accuracy and versatility in modeling blood rheology, holding great potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Moreover, microscopic and mesoscopic simulations have paved the way for deeper insights into blood behavior, bridging the gap between theory and experiment. Multiscale models offer a promising approach to capturing the complexities of blood rheology at various length scales. Finally, we explore the clinical implications of blood rheology, including its significance in conditions like polycythemia, neonatal respiratory distress, and circulatory inadequacy. By understanding blood rheology comprehensively, we can advance our knowledge of complex blood flow dynamics and its potential applications in healthcare.

The significance of ternary hybrid cross bio-nanofluid model in expanding/contracting cylinder with inclined magnetic field

Significance: Bio-nanofluids have achieved rapid attention due to their potential and vital role in various fields like biotechnology and energy, as well as in medicine such as in drug delivery, imaging, providing scaffolds for tissue engineering, and providing suitable environments for cell growth, as well as being used as coolants in various energy systems, wastewater treatment, and delivery of nutrients to plants.Objective: The present study proposes a novel mathematical model for the ternary hybrid cross bio-nanofluid model to analyse the behaviour of blood that passes through a stenosed artery under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. The model considers the effect of expanding/contracting cylinder, infinite shear rate viscosity, and bio-nanofluids.Methodology: The considered model of the problem is bounded in the form of governing equations such as PDEs. These PDEs are transformed into ODEs with the help of similarity transformations and then solved numerically with the help of the bvp4c method.Findings: The results show that the flow rate and velocity decrease as the inclination angle of the magnetic field increases. Additionally, research has found that the presence of nanoparticles in the bio-nanofluid has a significant impact on the velocity and flow rate. Therefore, the flow rate decreases, in general, as the stenosis becomes more severe.Advantages of the study: The results obtained from this study may provide insights into the behaviour of blood flow in stenosed arteries and may be useful in the design of medical devices and therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Enhanced external counterpulsation treatment regulates blood flow and wall shear stress metrics in femoral artery: An in vivo study in healthy subjects

As a non-invasive assisted circulation therapy, enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) has demonstrated potential in treatment of lower-extremity arterial disease (LEAD). However, the underlying hemodynamic mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to conduct the first prospective investigation of the EECP-induced responses of blood flow behavior and wall shear stress (WSS) metrics in the femoral artery. Twelve healthy male volunteers were enrolled. A Doppler ultrasound-basedapproach was introduced for the in vivo determination of blood flow in the common femoral artery (CFA) and superficial femoral artery (SFA) during EECP intervention, with incremental treatment pressures ranging from 10 to 40 kPa. Three-dimensional subject-specific numerical models were developed in 6 subjects to quantitatively assess variations in WSS-derived hemodynamic metrics in the femoral bifurcation. A mesh-independence analysis was performed. Our results indicated that, compared to the pre-EECP condition, both the antegrade and retrograde blood flow volumes in the CFA and SFA were significantly augmented during EECP intervention, while the heart rate remained constant. The time average shear stress (TAWSS) over the entire femoral bifurcation increased by 32.41%, 121.30%, 178.24%, and 214.81% during EECP with treatment pressures of 10 kPa, 20 kPa, 30 kPa, and 40 kPa, respectively. The mean relative resident time (RRT) decreased by 24.53%, 61.01%, 69.81%, and 77.99%, respectively. The percentage of area with low TAWSS in the femoral artery dropped to nearly zero during EECP with a treatment pressure greater than or equal to 30 kPa. We suggest that EECP is an effective and non-invasive approach for regulating blood flow and WSS in lower extremity arteries.

Influence of Non-Newtonian Viscosity on Flow Structures and Wall Deformation in Compliant Serpentine Microchannels: A Numerical Study.

The viscosity of fluid plays a major role in the flow dynamics of microchannels. Viscous drag and shear forces are the primary tractions for microfluidic fluid flow. Capillary blood vessels with a few microns diameter are impacted by the rheology of blood flowing through their conduits. Hence, regenerated capillaries should be able to withstand such impacts. Consequently, there is a need to understand the flow physics of culture media through the lumen of the substrate as it is one of the vital promoting factors for vasculogenesis under optimal shear conditions at the endothelial lining of the regenerated vessel. Simultaneously, considering the diffusive role of capillaries for ion exchange with the surrounding tissue, capillaries have been found to reorient themselves in serpentine form for modulating the flow conditions while developing sustainable shear stress. In the current study, S-shaped (S1) and delta-shaped (S2) serpentine models of capillaries were considered to evaluate the shear stress distribution and the oscillatory shear index (OSI) and relative residual time (RRT) of the derivatives throughout the channel (due to the phenomena of near-wall stress fluctuation), along with the influence of culture media rheology on wall stress parameters. The non-Newtonian power-law formulation was implemented for defining rheological viscosity of the culture media. The flow actuation of the media was considered to be sinusoidal and physiological, realizing the pulsatile blood flow behavior in the circulatory network. A distinct difference in shear stress distributions was observed in both the serpentine models. The S1 model showed higher change in shear stress in comparison to the S2 model. Furthermore, the non-Newtonian viscosity formulation was found to produce more sustainable shear stress near the serpentine walls compared to the Newtonian formulation fluid, emphasizing the influence of rheology on stress generation. Further, cell viability improved in the bending regions of serpentine channels compared to the long run section of the same channel.

Body acceleration effects on two-directional unsteady Cross fluid (blood) flow in time variant stenosed (w-shape) artery

Effects of body acceleration on two-directional unsteady blood movement using Cross fluid model through time variant w-shape stenosed artery has been discussed in this article. The arterial wall is considered to be elastic in order to obtain the realistic nature of blood flow analysis. Only one assumption is considered in this analysis, the size of the lumen radius is considerably smaller than the pulsatile pressure wavelength. The elastic wall effects are inserted into the current physical mathematical equations by using the radial co-ordinate transformation. A finite difference technique has been applied to obtain the numerical solution of the current physical system. The velocity components such as radial and axial are calculated for distinct emerging parameters to analyze the blood flow behavior for both normal and diseased artery. Similarly, the displays of the wall shear stress, volumetric blood flow and impedance are calculated to examine non-Newtonian nature of blood explicitly. Streamlines are portrayed to show the cross-sectional view of the blood flow in diseased artery for general readers.

Solute dispersion of Hershel-Bulkley fluid through an inclined artery

Different types of arteries in the human body possess inclinations that impact blood flow behavior and affect the effectiveness of medical treatments, such as intra-arterial injections that rely on accessing the bloodstream through these arteries. Hence, this present study analyses the behavior of blood flow and solute dispersion in an inclined artery while considering the Herschel-Bulkley model representing the blood rheology to investigate the influence of arterial inclination. The solutions for flow velocity and solute concentration are solved using the integration method. The Taylor-Aris method has been implemented to obtain effective axial and relative axial diffusion. This research investigates the impact of artery inclination on blood flow, solute dispersion characteristics (flow velocity, solute concentration, and axial diffusions), as well as explores the influence of gravitational acceleration on blood flow and solute dispersion behaviors. Results show that the angle of artery inclination directly influences the gravitational acceleration effect which correlates to the resulting flow velocity and solute dispersion. 90o and 270o inclination angle has the highest effect in increasing and decreasing the flow velocity, solute concentration and diffusions respectively. Meanwhile, 0o, 180o and 360o eliminate the gravitational acceleration effect on the flow behavior and dispersion process.

Fluid-structure interaction study of hemodynamics and its biomechanical influence on carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque deposits

Atherosclerotic plaque deposits are common causes of blood flow disruption in the carotid artery bifurcation and the associated fluid mechanics has been extensively studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI). However, the elastic responses of plaques to hemodynamics in the carotid artery bifurcation has not been deeply studied using either of the above-mentioned numerical techniques. In this study, a two-way FSI study was coupled with CFD technique, using Arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian method, to study the biomechanics of blood flow on nonlinear and hyperelastic calcified plaque deposits in a realistic geometry of the carotid sinus. FSI parameters such as total mesh displacement and von Misses stress on the plaque, as well as flow velocity and blood pressure around the plaques, were analyzed and compared to variables such as velocity streamline, pressure and wall shear stress obtained from CFD simulation in a healthy model. The blood flow simulations reveal complete reversed blood flow behavior in the internal carotid artery, ICAs and external carotid artery, ECAs for both cases. In particular, this study suggests that plaques, irrespective of the masses, possess a high yielding response to hemodynamic forces at the attaching edges, while the surfaces are vulnerable to rupture.

Computational model of nano-pharmacological particles for the clinical management of stenotic and aneurysmatic coronary artery in the human body

This work presents a three-dimensional computational study of nanoparticles (metallic and non-metallic) suspended in blood flowing through a diseased artery with both stenosis and aneurysm. From the perspective of pharmacodynamics and heat transfer, the influence of nanoparticles on hemodynamic indicators was investigated in a diseased artery. The blood was flowing fluid, steady-state, incompressible, homogeneous, and Newtonian, while the artery was a rigid wall. The three-dimensional continuity, Navier-Stokes, and energy equations were solved numerically by using a RAN-based standard k-ω model, which was performed on the ANSYS commercial software package. The influence of different selected nanoparticles (Al2O3, CuO, SiO2, and ZnO), nanoparticle concentration (1.0%-4.0%), and nanoparticle diameters (25 nm - 100 nm) on hemodynamic parameters such as velocity, temperature, turbulence intensity, more particularly skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number of the blood flow on the diseased artery, was also investigated. The streamlines, contours, and plots were adopted to better visualize the blood flow behavior in an artery with stenosis and aneurysm. The numerical results revealed that at a 4.0% nanoparticle concentration, CuO nanoparticles greatly reduced the blood velocity by 1.96% compared to other nanoparticles. About 0.66%-2.05% reduction in the blood velocity could be achieved by increasing the nanoparticle concentration from 1.0% to 4.0%. The SiO2 blood nanofluid showed the best result in augmentation of the Nusselt number by 53.0%. However, the nanoparticle diameter and concentration showed an insignificant effect on the skin friction factor.

Numerical simulation of unsteady generic Newtonian blood flow and heat transfer through discrepant shaped dilatable arterial stenosis

The contemporaneous research was conducted to evaluate the attribute of blood flow and degree of obstruction generated in the arteries pathway through different geometries. Flow of blood via the stenosed afflicted arteries is taken into account in this work. The viscous, unsteady, incompressible and laminar, blood plunge into the artery with a speed of 0.049 m s−1. Partial differential equations were demonstrated for the current problem. Time dependent direct solver was used to obtain the solution. Finite element discretization method (FDM) is used to obtain the solution. The research was accomplished by using advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The blood flow behavior was investigated in order to determine velocity, pressure, and temperature changes caused by an arterial stenosis. It was discovered that the shape of the stenosis has a crucial impact on the velocity, total pressure reduction and temperature over the arterial constriction zone. Graphs are plotted to illustrate the solutions. Results shows that the trapezoidal and elliptical stenosis had the greatest pressure decrease, followed by the triangular stenosis. These findings will be extremely beneficial in the treatment of stenotic arteries.

Computational fluid dynamics based Taguchi analysis on shear stress in microfluidic cerebrovascular channels.

The cerebrovascular blood vessels feed necessary agents such as oxygen, glucose, and so forth. to the brain which maintains the smooth functioning of the human body. However, the blood-brain barrier as a vascular border restricts the entry of drugs that can be necessary for the treatment of neurological disorders. The fluid shear stress in the cerebrovascular blood vessels may regulate the drug delivery in the interface between the cerebrovascular blood vessels and the brain. The intensity of influence by various factors that affects the shear stress in the cerebrovascular blood vessels is scarcely addressed in the present study. A hybrid approach of computational fluid dynamics and Taguchi analysis is proposed to evaluate the influence of various geometrical and operating factors on the shear stress in the microfluidic cerebrovascular channel. Furthermore, the non-Newtonian behavior of blood flow is considered to evaluate the shear stress in the microfluidic cerebrovascular channel. The Newtonian and six non-Newtonian fluids models of Carreau, Carreau-Yasuda, Casson, Cross, Ostwald-de Waele, and Herschel-Bulkley are numerically tested under various conditions of the flow rate, width, and height of the channel to find the viscosity influence on the shear stress. The Taguchi analysis consisting of range and variance analyses is applied to the L16 orthogonal array to evaluate the effect of various factors on shear stress in terms of influence order, range, F value, and percentage contribution. The parameters for the considered six non-Newtonian fluid models are proposed to accurately map the viscosity behavior with shear strain compared to the actual blood flow behavior. The Newtonian, Carreau, and Carreau-Yasuda non-Newtonian fluid models are found accurately with maximum errors between the experimental and numerical shear stress results as 2.17%, 1.30%, and 1.48%, respectively. The shear stress decreases with an increase in the width and height of the channel and a decrease in the viscosity for all flow rates. The porosity is evaluated as a highly influential factor followed by the flow rate, width, and height of the channel in decreasing order based on their effects on the shear stress. The modified shear stress equation is proposed with an accuracy of 0.96 by integrating the effect of porosity in addition to width, height, flow rate, and viscosity. The in-vitro microfluidic cerebrovascular model could be designed and manufactured based on the proposed results on influence order, F value, and percentage contribution of various factors in direction of achieving the in-vivo level shear stress.

Flow dynamics and convective transport analysis of two-layered dissipative Casson hybrid nanofluid flow in a vertical channel

This paper undertakes a thorough study to examine heat and mass transfer of two-layer hybrid nanofluid flow in a vertical channel. Casson fluid model is used to investigate the non-Newtonian nature of blood flow (base fluid) in this study. The problem is formulated which includes laminar, incompressible flow with additional viscous dissipation effects. Titanium dioxide and Graphene nanoparticles are employed in this study for the hybrid notion. At the interface, it is considered that the velocity and temperature remain continuous. A group of non-dimensional transformations are used to non-dimensionalized the set of ordinary differential equations and those non-linear differential equations are then solved using an analytical method known as homotopy analysis method (HAM). The behavior of physical parameters on velocity and temperature are presented graphically. Variation of Nusselt number against emerging parameters are tabulated to provide numerical data for validation. The findings of present study can provide insight into the behavior of blood flow in diseased conditions atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and other cardiovascular diseases. This study can also help in designing more effective drug delivery systems for targeted therapies.

Investigating flow features and heat/mass transfer in two-layer vertical channel with [formula omitted] hybrid nanofluid under MHD and radiation effects

This study aims to investigate the physical mechanisms of mass and heat transfer of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid in a two-layer vertical channel. The Casson fluid model is used to depict the non-Newtonian behavior of blood flow (base fluid). The two-layer vertical channel represents a realistic model of blood flow in microvessels, where region-I contains titanium dioxide nanofluid. In contrast, region-II contains hybrid nanofluid of graphene and titanium dioxide. The formulation of the flow model incorporates laminar, incompressible flow with added MHD, viscous dissipation, and radiation effects. Homotopy analysis technique (HAM) is used to solve non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) after the governing equations are converted into nondimensional. The graphical representation of the effect of physical parameters on velocity and temperature is presented, while the variation of skin friction and Nusselt number with emerging parameters is tabulated. The findings of current study are that an increase in the magnetic parameter has a similar effect on both velocity and temperature profiles. The Nusselt number rises with the rising of the Eckert number, Prandtl number, and magnetic parameter at the right wall but drops with the rising of these values at the left wall. Temperature is directly proportional to Eckert and Prandtl numbers, whereas a rise in radiation leads to a drop in temperature. The findings have potential implications for biomedical applications, especially in drug delivery through blood vessels to treat cardiovascular diseases.

Modeling and numerical simulation of non-Newtonian arterial blood flow for mild to severe stenosis

The fundamental cause of coronary heart disease is thought to be atherosclerosis. Blood flow in arteries under plaque formation is widely studied using both experimental and theoretical methods in literature. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the mathematical modelling and numerical simulation of non-Newtonian blood flow in an idealized stenosed artery. Non-Newtonian behavior of blood flow is assumed by Casson and Quemada fluid models. An analysis is performed for four forms of stenosis, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%, which are defined by a narrowing of the artery's diameter. The mathematical model for non-Newtonian fluid transport is presented in the form of highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations. A finite-volume approach is used to solve the system of equations numerically. The solutions are obtained using a hybrid mesh with hexahedron and tetrahedron control volumes. Numerical solutions are validated first with experimental results from the literature for a Newtonian fluid, and then the results are extended to non-Newtonian fluid models. It can be observed that the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid model influences flow dynamics and is a significant aspect to consider for arteries with small diameter. The velocity and pressure drop rise as the degree of stenosis develops. Wall shear is substantially larger in stenotic passages and severity of stenosis is directly related with this increasing behavior.

Study of Bio-Fluid Dynamics in Carotid Artery System Using Numerical Methods

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been largely used in understanding the haemodynamics of the carotid bifurcation system and to visualise the blood flow changes due to the carotid artery geometric variations. Such studies will be helpful in understanding the arterial blood flow behavior and atherosclerosis. The present study focuses on investigation of geometric variable patient-specific healthy carotid bifurcation system under physiological pressure conditions. Unsteady flow simulation is conducted in ANSYS Fluent under the rigid wall and non-Newtonian conditions. The haemodynamic parameters such as pressure, velocity, vorticity, helicity, and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) were evaluated to visualise and understand flow dynamics at critical zones of bifurcation system. Further, the importance of geometric influence on the bifurcation zone was also investigated, causing significant vortex formation zones. A considerable reduction in velocity and backflow formation was observed, which is responsible for reducing the shear stress. It is also demonstrated that low TAWSS regions surrounding the bifurcation zone are more prone to atherosclerosis development.

Impact of Stenosis Geometry on Blood Flow Behavior in Human Artery

Atherosclerosis in human arteries affects the blood flow behaviour in different ways and sometimes leads to fatal diseases. This study is focused on the impact of the elasticity of human arteries and the geometry of stenosis on non-Newtonian blood flow across the constricted arteries. The mathematical analysis is carried out using MatLab software. The elastic nature of human arteries and the non-Newtonian nature of blood are described under the power-law, Herschel-Bulkley and Casson model. The numerical derivations for blood flow velocity, volume flow rate and wall shear stress are derived for all three types of the model under consideration and results are also depicted graphically. The influence of elasticity, flow index, yield stress and geometry of stenosis on the blood flow is examined. Power-law model gives higher velocity as compared to Herschel-Bulkley model for the fixed magnitude of flow index 𝑛. It is observed that in the constricted region, the volume flow rate amplifies with the increasing value of stenosis shape parameter 𝑚 for the fixed magnitude of flow index 𝑛. The height of stenosis has a diminishing effect on the flow rate. A comparative analysis of the outcomes of the present study and that of the other published work is carried out for authentication.

Computer Simulations of EMHD Casson Nanofluid Flow of Blood through an Irregular Stenotic Permeable Artery: Application of Koo-Kleinstreuer-Li Correlations.

A novel analysis of the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) non-Newtonian nanofluid blood flow incorporating CuO and Al2O3 nanoparticles through a permeable walled diseased artery having irregular stenosis and an aneurysm is analyzed in this paper. The non-Newtonian behavior of blood flow is addressed by the Casson fluid model. The effective viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluids are calculated using the Koo-Kleinstreuer-Li model, which takes into account the Brownian motion of nanoparticles. The mild stenosis approximation is employed to reduce the bi-directional flow of blood to uni-directional. The blood flow is influenced by an electric field along with a magnetic field perpendicular to the blood flow. The governing mathematical equations are solved using Crank-Nicolson finite difference approach. The model has been developed and validated by comparing the current results to previously published benchmarks that are peculiar to this study. The results are utilized to investigate the impact of physical factors on momentum diffusion and heat transfer. The Nusselt number escalates with increasing CuO nanoparticle diameter and diminishing the diameter of Al2O3 nanoparticles. The relative % variation in Nusselt number enhances with Magnetic number, whereas a declining trend is obtained for the electric field parameter. The present study's findings may be helpful in the diagnosis of hemodynamic abnormalities and the fields of nano-hemodynamics, nano-pharmacology, drug delivery, tissue regeneration, wound healing, and blood purification systems.