Youth Behavior Research Articles

Analyzing the Offense of Juvinile Khalwat in Aceh: Evaluation of Qanun Number 14 of 2003 from an Islamic Legal Perspective

Aceh presents an intriguing area of study for numerous researchers in legal domains, owing to its distinct legal system in contrast to other regions in Indonesia. This legal jurisdictional authority underscores the intricacies involved in delineating the jurisdictional boundaries within the overarching framework provided by the national regulations. This is evident in cases of khalwat, an offense where a man and a woman date in seclusion. This study delves into an examination of the offense of juvenile khalwat in Aceh, as stipulated in Qanun Number 14 of 2003, employing Islamic legal theory within a sociological context. The findings of this study suggest that the juvenile occurrence of khalwat in Aceh stems from a combination of factors. These include the enduring influence of religious teachings, the prevalence of casual relationships among adolescents coupled with insufficient parental supervision, and the impact of modern social structures on youthful behavior. As a result, they engage in the offense of khalwat in public spaces, disregarding societal moral norms and public decorum. This Qanun fails to explicitly delineate the parameters for imposing penalties such as ‘uqubat (corporal punishment), flogging, and fines. Consequently, it leads to legal disparities in enforcement by the Wilayatul Hisbah, particularly when the offender is a minor or immature individual.

Inhalant abuse among street-involved children and adolescents in India: Case for epistemic recognition and reorientation.

Contextualizing the void of research on inhalant abuse among adolescents as epistemic neglect, in this study, we use mixed-methods action research to understand inhalant abuse in a specific context in the Global South. Focusing on a large metropolitan city in Western India, we surveyed 158 street-involved children and adolescents (110 boys and 48 girls, age range from 5 to 17 years) in a group setting along with follow-up group interviews. Despite finding a high prevalence rate of inhalant abuse, our work suggests an absence of supporting structures and emphasizes the need to revisit our understanding and interpretation of substance-using behavior of street-involved youth. Instead of explaining inhalant-abusing behavior as emerging from pathological deficiencies in individuals or households, we stress the need to critically examine the exploitative environment they are embedded in. In doing so, we join efforts to decolonize conventional ways of understanding "deviant" behavior.

A narrative review of advances in pharmacotherapy for depression and suicidal behavior in youth within the era of heightened social media

A narrative review of advances in pharmacotherapy for depression and suicidal behavior in youth within the era of heightened social media

A unique model of care for youth in crisis: A pilot open trial.

Suicide is the second leading cause of death for those ages 10-24 years in the United States, and emergency department (ED) visits due to youth self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) and increased substantially between 2016 and 2021. Although ED services are essential for an effective system of care, the ED setting is typically not well-suited for the comprehensive, collaborative, and therapeutic evaluation of SITB; treatment planning; and care coordination that youth in a suicidal crisis need. As a result, an urgent care model for mental health designed to provide comprehensive crisis triage and intervention services is needed within outpatient psychiatry. This pilot trial examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary clinical outcomes of a brief, urgent care model, the Behavioral Health Crisis Care Clinic (CCC), designed to provide comprehensive outpatient triage and intervention services aimed at reducing suicide risk for youth in crisis. Participants were 189 youth (ages 10-20; 62.4% females; 58% Caucasian) who had past-week suicidal ideation or behavior and their caregivers. The results demonstrated the CCC model exceeded feasibility and acceptability benchmarks based on the Service Satisfaction Scale (M score > 3.00). CCC care was associated with significant decreases in self-reported suicide risk based on the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality Suicide Status Form with low levels of ED usage during CCC care (7.7%) and 1-month posttreatment (11.8%). Over 88% of patients without established outpatient care at the time of referral were connected to care during CCC treatment, almost all of whom (95%) continued with ongoing mental health care 1 month after ending CCC care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Youth Awareness and Exaggerated Fears of Influence Concerns about the Influence of Netflix Films on Gender Identity

This study aims to highlight the misconception that the new generation awareness regarding essential principles such as gender identity, religion, nationalism is strongly influenced by the media. Despite changes perceived in their choice of clothing, food and words used in daily living this my not reflect significant changes in their deep values. The adult exaggerated fear of youth being easily influenced by media may be unfounded. Societal changes on some aspects like appearance and behaviour may not necessarily reflect changes in deep beliefs and local values. Adults may overestimate the impact of such observed changes in youth appearance and behaviours in these deep local and regional values. Youth may not be as vulnerable as commonly thought by the adults and despite external changes deep values were still preserved. This study was done using the youth responses to material broadcasted through Netflix and specifically issued related to gender identity.

The association of sex and gender with disordered eating behavior in youth with hypertension

AbstractFemales have higher disordered eating behavior (DEB) prevalence versus males in the general population, but no data exist in adolescents with hypertension (HTN). Our objective was to determine the association of sex and gender with DEB prevalence in adolescents with HTN disorders. This was a secondary analysis of data from a prospective cross‐sectional study of adolescents aged 11–18 years with HTN disorders. We excluded patients with diabetes mellitus, kidney failure/transplantation, or gastrostomy tube dependence. We collected data via abstraction and surveys, including the SCOFF questionnaire. Our exposures were self‐reported sex and gender, and our outcome was SCOFF ≥ 2/5. We used bivariate generalized linear models. Of 74 participants, 61% identified as male, and 39% identified as female. DEB prevalence was 28%: 20% in males and 41% in females by sex and gender. Females had double the DEB risk versus males by sex (risk ratio [RR]: 2.07, 95% confidence level [CL]: 0.9996–4.28) and gender (RR: 2.02, 95% CL: 0.98–4.18), but both p > 0.05. Among adolescents with HTN disorders, while females had double the risk of screening positive for DEB versus males by sex and gender, the results were not statistically significant. Adolescents with HTN may benefit from routine DEB screening, especially those that identify as female, but larger studies are needed.

A cross-sectional study of the association of exposure to web-based streaming platforms on the psychosocial behaviour and the sleep pattern of Indian youth

Background The rapid proliferation of web-based streaming platforms has become a ubiquitous aspect of contemporary life, especially among the youth in urban areas. This study seeks to delve into the usage patterns and discern potential associations between web-based streaming platforms and the psychosocial behaviour, sleep patterns, and work and study routines of Indian youth in the Wardha District of Maharashtra and Central India. With the escalating prevalence of digital entertainment, understanding the impact on this demographic's mental well-being and lifestyle is imperative. Methods Employing a cross-sectional design, this study will involve youth aged 15-29 from urban communities and schools in the designated district. The sample size, determined by the Cochran formula, is 170 participants. A comprehensive data collection process will unfold by utilising validated assessment tools, including the Young's Internet Addiction Test, WHO (Five) Well-Being Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Eysenck's Personality Inventory. Statistical analyses, encompassing descriptive statistics, association tests, and regression analyses, will be conducted using SPSS version 23 software. Expected Outcome Anticipated outcomes of this study encompass a nuanced understanding of web-based streaming platform usage patterns, unveiling potential associations with psychosocial behaviours, sleep patterns, and work and study routines among Indian youth. The results are poised to contribute valuable insights into the intricate interplay between digital entertainment and the well-being of the urban youth population. Such findings can inform future interventions and strategies to foster a balanced and healthy digital lifestyle.

Weekly links among irritability and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in high-risk youth.

Previous studies demonstrate a link between irritability and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in youth samples. However, they have mostly assessed irritability in community samples and as a largely dispositional (i.e. trait-like) construct. Thus, it remains unclear to what extent links between irritability and STBs reflect within-person processes of elevated risk in clinically meaningful time periods. The present study used clinical data from 689 adolescents aged 12-19 years attending a total of 6,128 visits at a specialty Intensive Outpatient Program for depressed and suicidal youth to examine patterns in weekly assessments of irritability and STBs throughout treatment, including associations among trends and fluctuations departing from these trends via multilevel structural equation modeling. Youth completed self-report measures of irritability, depression, and STBs weekly as part of standard IOP clinical care. Overall, two-thirds of variance in weekly irritable mood was accounted for by between-person differences and the remaining portion by weekly fluctuations. After controlling for depression, during weeks when youth were more irritable they experienced increased STBs. Rates of change in irritability and STBs tended to track together at early stages of treatment, but these effects were generally accounted for by depression severity. Our results suggest that although changes in STBs are best accounted for by depression, irritability can be understood as a specific, proximal risk factor for youth STBs that exacerbates youth STBs in clinically informative timeframes above and beyond depression.

Characteristic Features of Dietary Patterns and Physical Activity among Medical Students

Introduction This paper deals with the investigation of controlled risk factors associated with body weight disorders of young people with overweight and obesity. Authors are convinced that the formation of a conscious attitude to health in youth and early diagnosis of any abnormalities through the dynamic monitoring of adolescents and young people with excess body weight could help in the solution to this problem. Methods Statistical and sociological methods were used during the investigation. 80 students from a medical university participated in this research. In the survey, Google Forms online application were used. The authors followed all the principles of bioethics and medical deontology in conformity with the requirements of the Helsinki Declaration. The questionnaire contained points about the diet, food habits and preferences, socio-economic status of the respondent’s family, the level of their physical activity, knowledge about a healthy lifestyle, and relationships in the group. Results The primary processing of the obtained data was carried out using the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics with the provision of results in the form of relative indicators (Р, %) with an error (m, p). The specificity of the eating behavior of youth was connected with the absence of a food regime, the multiplicity of meals, and the low level of eating culture (lack of a permanent place to eat or eating in front of a computer or TV). Moreover, such habits, like eating before going to bed, eating under stress, or frequently visiting fast food restaurants, were typical for this group of population. A large number of young people were found to be prone to use advertised products. Conclusion Young people’s awareness of healthy nutrition has been found to be insufficient, and the level of physical activity in the studied group as unsatisfactory. Significant features of physical activity associated with maladaptive eating behavior have been observed to be a lack of physical activity on weekdays, absence of morning gymnastics, failure to comply with the norms of rational nutrition in the family, or low level of information about healthy nutrition.

Effects of Physical Activity on Cognition, Behavior, and Motor Skills in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies.

The aim of this paper was to analyze the acute and chronic effects of physical activity (PA) on cognition, behavior, and motor skill in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), taking into account potential confounders. In addition, it was intended to elaborate a guide of educational applications with strategies for PA use. Studies were identified in four databases from January 2010 to June 2023. A total of 19 interventional studies met the inclusion criteria. PA programs ranged from two weeks to one year in duration, with a frequency of one to five sessions per week. More than 58% of the studies showed positive effects of PA on cognition, and 45.5% on behavior and motor skill. Moderate-vigorous PA for 15-30 min has shown acute effects on cognition, general behavior, and stereotypic/repetitive behaviors in youth with ASD. A total of 9 out of 14 studies showed chronic effects on general behavior and stereotypic behaviors, and only 6 on motor skills.

Impact of Video Games on Youth Behavior: Examine whether playing video games is associated with changes in behavior or aggression among young people

Impact of Video Games on Youth Behavior: Examine whether playing video games is associated with changes in behavior or aggression among young people

From Parent's COVID-19 Stress to Children and Young People's Behavior Problems: The Mediating Role of Parental Burnout and the Buffering Role of Parenting Behaviors

Coronavirus has caused a global pandemic, and its adverse effects have spread to both adults and children. This study explores the mediating role of parental burnout in the relationship between parents’ COVID-19 stress (PCS) and children's behavior problems and whether this mediating process is moderated by parenting behaviors. Participants included 692 Vietnamese parents ( Mage = 36.82, SD = 5.548 years) selected through an online survey. Participants completed questionnaires including demographic information, PCS, parental burnout, parenting behaviors, and children and youth's behavior problems. The main findings include: (a) PCS had no direct association with children and youth's behavior problems; (b) parental burnout played a mediating role in the relationship between PCS and children and youth's behavior problems; (c) the direct association of PCS with parental burnout was moderated by parenting behaviors. Findings from this study showed that PCS did not affect parental burnout in families with highly positive parental support. In contrast, in families with highly negative parental behavioral control, COVID-19 stress positively correlated with parental burnout. This study's results have implications for the development of interventions in family settings during the uncertain days of the COVID-19 pandemic or other contexts that might happen in the future and that pose similar challenges in order to improve the mental health of parents and children.

A Comparison of Character Education in Primary and Junior Secondary Schools in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Mainland China

Character education have been implemented in schools worldwide from twenty centuries, considering the growing social-moral problems that beset modern societies. The fact of moral decline and negative behavior of youth require character education to provide programs of eliminating such behavior that emerge in social, political, and economic contexts. It was proved that students who received character education and moral values in schools had better test scores and had lower incidents of vandalism, absenteeism, and dishonesty on tests. An interpretive approach has been used in this study and focused on the difference of character education among Hong Kong, Taiwan, and mainland China, seeking how the character education implements in schools and its communication with other subjects on the support of policies, how the teachers make of this curriculum, and whether the program of character education takes the impact on children’s character building.

UM LUGAR AO SOL: A RACIONALIDADE NEOLIBERAL E A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE DISCURSOS SOBRE O TRABALHO EM COLEÇÕES DIDÁTICAS DE PROJETO DE VIDA DO NOVO ENSINO MÉDIO

The current research focuses on didactic collections of Life Project, with the aim of investigating how discourses about work, present in these educational materials, intersect with neoliberal rationality, which permeates the entire process of curriculum reconfiguration that Brazilian high school has undergone in recent years, particularly concerning the Novo Ensino Médio (NEM - a new reformulation of high school in Brazil) and the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC - set of guidelines for the Brazilian educational curriculum). To accomplish our objectives, the discursive studies of Michel Foucault were used, especially in relation to discourse, statement, and his reflections on neoliberalism. The corpus consists of statements extracted from three Projeto de Vida didactic collections, which were approved in the Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático (PNLD - Brazilian Textbook Program), 2021 edition. We decided to examine samples of textbook collection entitled Projto de Vida that corresponds to teacher’s guide. We did this in order to construct a critical view about directions that are recommended to teachers Based on the analysis conducted, it was possible to observe that the connection between work and neoliberalism occurs through discursive regularities linked to the instabilities of the world of work and the need to generate flexible, autonomous, and proactive youth behaviors, as they advocate values related to resilience and competition, terms strongly linked to the business field and connected to BNCC-EM and NEM.

Distinct profiles of mental health need and high need overall among New Zealand adolescents - Cluster analysis of population survey data.

The objective was to identify clinically meaningful groups of adolescents based on self-reported mental health and wellbeing data in a population sample of New Zealand secondary school students. We conducted a cluster analysis of six variables from the Youth19 Rangatahi Smart Survey (n = 7721, ages 13-18 years, 2019): wellbeing (World Health Organization Well-Being Index), possible anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item, adapted), depression symptoms (short form of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale) and past-year self-harm, suicide ideation and suicide attempt. Demographic, contextual and behavioural predictors of cluster membership were determined through multiple discriminant function analysis. We performed cross-validation analyses using holdout samples. We identified five clusters (n = 7083). The healthy cluster (n = 2855, 40.31%) reported positive mental health across indicators; the anxious cluster (n = 1994, 28.15%) reported high possible anxiety symptoms and otherwise generally positive results; the stressed and hurting cluster (n = 667, 9.42%) reported sub-clinical depression and possible anxiety symptoms and some self-harm; the distressed and ideating cluster (n = 1116, 15.76%) reported above-cutoff depression and possible anxiety symptoms and high suicide ideation; and the severe cluster (n = 451; 6.37%) reported the least positive mental health across indicators. Female, rainbow, Māori and Pacific students and those in higher deprivation areas were overrepresented in higher severity clusters. Factors including exposure to sexual harm and discrimination were associated with increasing cluster severity. We identified high prevalence of mental health challenges among adolescents, with distinct clusters of need. Youth mental health is not 'one size fits all'. Future research should explore youth behaviour and preferences in accessing support and consider how to best support the mental health of each cluster.

Testing the specificity of phenomenological criteria for Functional Tic-Like Behaviours in youth with Tourette syndrome (N6.001)

Testing the specificity of phenomenological criteria for Functional Tic-Like Behaviours in youth with Tourette syndrome (N6.001)

Characterization of Sensory Behaviors in Youth with Chronic Tic Disorder (P1-8.007)

Characterization of Sensory Behaviors in Youth with Chronic Tic Disorder (P1-8.007)

A Scoping Review of Sex/Gender Differences in Social Communication Skills and Behaviors of Autistic Youth—Are Sex/Gender-Specific Interventions Needed?

A Scoping Review of Sex/Gender Differences in Social Communication Skills and Behaviors of Autistic Youth—Are Sex/Gender-Specific Interventions Needed?

Youth Perspectives on Collaborative Consumption: A Study on the Attitudes and Behaviors of the Romanian Generation Z

With the emergence of the sharing economy, a significant change in consumer behavior can be observed worldwide, which has a considerable impact on various industries. The rise of the sharing economy has changed the way people experience transport services, with ridesharing being a catalyst for change. In Romania, the debut of Uber in 2015 sparked controversy and led to legal regulations that were adapted to local specificities, highlighting the adaptability of ridesharing platforms to different legal frameworks. In the context of this development, the views and perceptions of Generation Z will be crucial in determining the direction in which this conflict between disruptive models and traditional players in the transport sector develops. The article deals with business models based on collaborative consumption, with a focus on ridesharing, and examines the attitudes, perceptions, and behavior of Romanian youths (aged 18–26) towards these models. The aim of the study is to determine the opinion of young Romanians on collaborative consumption in transport services—ridesharing (Uber case)—and their attitude towards the ethical controversies related to Uber’s business model. A quantitative research approach was chosen, and an exploratory study was conducted using a questionnaire, with the non-probabilistic sample consisting of relevant observation units aged 18–26 years. The results show that almost 90% of the young Romanians surveyed use Uber and are satisfied with the quality, convenience, and speed of the service. Despite the positive attitude, there is a paradoxical tendency among respondents to regulate ridesharing services in a similar way to traditional taxis. Ethical considerations show that respondents tend to neutralize perceptions and justify the emergence of new models as normal and beneficial for competition and consumers.

Preliminary evaluation of behavior technician burnout when working with boarded and traditional psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with developmental disabilities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a youth mental health crisis, with research demonstrating an increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, and disruptive behavior in youth compared to pre-pandemic years. Consequently, the insurgence of emergency psychiatric evaluations has increased the demands for extended inpatient stay (or patient boarding) at various licensed treatment facilities. Questions remain about the extent of burnout being experienced by behavior technicians who are caring for these patients. The Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure was used to evaluate symptoms of burnout of behavior technicians practicing at a specialized psychiatric inpatient unit. Comparisons were made for instances of caring for boarded (meeting criteria for discharge but unable to be discharged due to disposition) and traditional patients (short-term treatment). Behavior technicians caring for boarded patients reported significantly higher scores in overall stress, physical exhaustion, cognitive fatigue, and emotional exhaustion than those managing patients getting traditional care. Extensive burnout can have adverse impacts at both the personal level (staff well-being, individual staff-patient interactions) and clinic level (daily operations and service, general quality of care). Efforts need to be made to address this issue to prevent staff turnover.