Behavior In Schizophrenic Patients Research Articles

HUBUNGAN HALUSINASI DENGAN KEJADIAN PERILAKU KEKERASAN PADA PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA DI RUMAH SAKIT KHUSUS JIWA PROVINSI BENGKULU

There are around 450 million people with mental disorders in the world, including schizophrenia. The prevalence of schizophrenia in Indonesia has reached 400,000 people or as much as 1.7 per 1,000 population. Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder characterized by changes in thought processes, perceptions, behavior, and decreased social functioning. Some of these signs and symptoms will influence each other including hallucinations and violent behavior. The research objective was to determine the relationship between hallucinations and violent behavior in schizophrenic patients at the Special Mental Hospital in Bengkulu Province. The method in this study is a quantitative study using an analytic research design and a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 78 respondents who were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study used the chi-square statistical test. The results of this study indicate that there are a small proportion of 20 (25.7%) who experience violent behavior and more than 45 (57.7%) who experience hallucinations. The results of the chi-square statistical test obtained a p value of 0.015 <0.05, meaning that there was a relationship between hallucinations and violent behavior in schizophrenic patients at the Special Mental Hospital in Bengkulu Province. The conclusion in this study is that hallucinatory symptoms in schizophrenic patients can lead to violent behavior. Suggestions in this study are that nurses should evaluate schizophrenic patients more in practicing how to deal with hallucinations so that violent behavior does not occur and intervene according to the signs and symptoms that arise Keywords: Schizophrenia, violent behavior, hallucinations

Gambaran Mekanisme Koping Keluarga Dalam Menghadapi Perilaku Agresif Pada Pasien Skizofrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by aggressive behavior that can endanger themselves and others, so it is important for families who care for patients to resolve these problems. This study aims to determine the description of the family's coping mechanisms in dealing with aggressive behavior in Schizophrenic patients. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive design. The sample in this study was 88 people using the Brief Cope questionnaire by Carver which had been tested using 30 samples with 28 questions all declared valid, with the results of r arithmetic (0.366 – 0.826) r table (0.361), and reliable with a value of = 0.764. Most of the respondents have adaptive coping mechanisms as many as 86 people 97.7%. While 2 people 2.3% had maladaptive coping mechanisms in dealing with aggressive behavior in Schizophrenic patients. The family's coping mechanism in dealing with aggressive behavior in Schizophrenic patients is an adaptive coping mechanism.

Addictive behaviors in schizophrenic patients: Descriptive and analytical study

IntroductionThe association of an addictive disorder (harmful use, abuse or dependence) with a schizophrenic disorder is the rule. Genetic vulnerability and social and economic factors are common to both disorders.Objectivesdetermine the impact of addictive behavior on patients suffering from schizophrenia.MethodsA descriptive and analytical retrospective study of 150 patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in the psychiatry department of Taher Sfar University Hospital in Mahdia from January 2017 to December 2021.ResultsThe average age of the patients was 39.8 ± 11.23 years with a predominance of the age group 36-45 years (38.4%). All of the patients were male. Three quarters of the patients (75.5%) were consumers of psychoactive substances (PSA): nearly three quarters (72.8%) were dependent on tobacco, more than a third (39.7%) were dependent on alcohol, more than a quarter (29.1%) dependent on cannabis and almost a quarter (26.5%) dependent on other SPAs. Criminal history, suicide attempts and hospitalization in psychiatry were significantly more frequent in patients who consumed SPA than those who did not consume (39.5% vs 8.1%; p=0.008, 17.5% vs 2.7%; p=0.02, 89.5 % vs 75.7%; p=0.03, respectively). Patients who consumed SPA had significantly more positive signs of schizophrenia (51.8% vs 10.8%; p=0.001) and were significantly less observant to treatment (55.3% vs 16.3%; p=0.001) than those who did not consume. Hetero-aggressiveness, self-aggressiveness and job change were significantly more frequent in patients with addictive behaviors than those without addiction (86.8% vs 48.7%; p=0.001, 23.7% vs 2.7%; p= 0.004, 14.9% vs 0%; p=0.015, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that criminal history, hetero-aggressiveness, predominant positive symptomatology and work stoppage were the factors independently associated with SPA consumption in patients with schizophrenia in our study (β=14.7 95% CI 3.23–67.01, p=0.001, β=0.099, 95% CI 0.03–0.31, p=0.001, β=7.18, 95% CI 2.09–24.67, p=0.002, β=5.24 95% CI 1.27–21.7; p=0.02, respectively).ConclusionsAccording to our study, addictive comorbidities concern three quarters of our patients. They expose them to a higher risk of legal problems, hetero-aggressiveness, predominance of positive signs and instability at work. These results encourage the development of methods for early diagnostic identification of addictive behavior comorbid with schizophrenia as well as integrated care combining psychiatric and addictological care.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Positively Correlated with Aggression in Schizophrenia.

To find biomarkers to assess the risk of aggression, we looked at the association between aggression and levels of body inflammation in patients with schizophrenia. The Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) score was used to divide the aggressive (n = 72) and nonaggressive (n = 141) groups. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is a tool for determining the severity of a patient's condition. After measuring the number of inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood, the platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were estimated. We investigated the relationship between aggressive behavior, bodily inflammation, and BPRS. Before therapy, the aggressive group's BPRS score, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, monocyte count, NLR, and MLR were considerably more significant than the nonaggressive group's. After therapy, statistically significant variations in total BPRS score and neutrophil count between the two groups. According to correlation analysis before and after treatment, aggressive behavior was positively connected with neutrophil count, NLR, and BPRS score. The presence of aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients indicates the severity of the disorder to some degree. NLR can be used as an objective biomarker to quickly assess the risk of aggression in schizophrenic patients.

Use of Flashcard Games in the Application of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in Schizophrenic Patients with Risk of Violent Behavior

The increase in maladaptive behavior of schizophrenic patients in recent times, such as violent behavior, hitting people, breaking things until they commit a murder, has been troubling for the community. This situation is a serious concern for all parties, especially health workers, to provide comprehensive and effective mental nursing care management in reducing the symptoms of maladaptive behavior. Group therapy based on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) with Flashcard media is one of the development and innovation models of psychotherapy that can be useful in overcoming violent behavior in schizophrenia patients. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of CBT with flashcards on changes in violent behavior in schizophrenic patients. The research design was used a quasi-experimental pre-posttest with a control group. A sample of 50 people includes 25 people in the intervention group and 25people in the control group. The results were showed that the reduction in signs and symptoms of schizophrenic patients was greater in the intervention group than in the control group, with a value of p=0,000. The CBT therapy with flashcards was effective 66.6% in reducing violent behavior. CBT therapy with flashcards is recommended to be applied as effective, efficient, and easy therapy for health professionals and families to reduce violent behavior.

YOGA PRANAYAMA LOWERS THE RISK OF VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS

Introduction:The main problem that often occurs in schizophrenic patients is violent behavior. As a result of violent behavior can hurt or injure yourself or others. Handling violent behavior is done by a combination of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy intervention. One of the management of violent behavior through individual psychotherapy is physical activity in the form of pranayama yoga exercises. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Pranayama yoga on the risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic clients.Method :This type of pre-experimental research, using a One-group pre-post test design. The number of samples is 20 people with simple random sampling. Result : Data collection uses observation sheets. The mean symptom of the risk of violent behavior pre-test of 13.55 including the risk of moderate violent behavior. The average post-test of 5.50 included the risk of mild violent behavior. Paired t test statistic results obtained p value <0.05 means that there are significant differences in symptoms of risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients pre-test and post-test it shows there is an influence of pranayama yoga on symptoms of risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients. Physical exercise through pranayama yoga exercises in general can reduce physiological stimulation and tension so as to reduce patient anger.Discussion : Based on these results it is recommended that setting a routine schedule for schizophrenics in the Mental Hospital.Introduction:The main problem that often occurs in schizophrenic patients is violent behavior. As a result of violent behavior can hurt or injure yourself or others. Handling violent behavior is done by a combination of psychopharmacology and psychotherapy intervention. One of the management of violent behavior through individual psychotherapy is physical activity in the form of pranayama yoga exercises. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Pranayama yoga on the risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic clients.Method :This type of pre-experimental research, using a One-group pre-post test design. The number of samples is 20 people with simple random sampling. Result : Data collection uses observation sheets. The mean symptom of the risk of violent behavior pre-test of 13.55 including the risk of moderate violent behavior. The average post-test of 5.50 included the risk of mild violent behavior. Paired t test statistic results obtained p value <0.05 means that there are significant differences in symptoms of risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients pre-test and post-test it shows there is an influence of pranayama yoga on symptoms of risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients. Physical exercise through pranayama yoga exercises in general can reduce physiological stimulation and tension so as to reduce patient anger.Discussion : Based on these results it is recommended that setting a routine schedule for schizophrenics in the Mental Hospital.

A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Assertive Training Against the Ability to Control Violent Behavior in Schizophrenic Patients

Violence behaviour is a maladaptive form of anger response that is dangerous and can hurt yourself, others and the environment. Therefore it is a concern for health workers to apply an effective and appropriate therapy to overcome these problems. This study was aimed to compare the differences in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Assertive Training (AT) in controlling violent behavior in schizophrenic patients.This study was used a quasi experimental pre-post test control group design.The number of samples was 30 respondents and taken by purposive sampling technique based on inclusion criteria. Samples of this study were schizophrenic patients with violent behavior totaling 30 people consisting of 10 people in the treatment group I who were given a standard of nursing care and CBT,10 people in the treatment group II who were given a standard of nursing care and AT and 10 people in the control group who only got the standard nursing behavior violent behavior.The results showed that there were differences in the patient's violent behavior between the treatment groups given CBT, AT and the control group before and after the intervention was given with CBT p=0.021 and ATp =0.032.There was a significant difference between CBT and AT in controlling violent behavior with a value of p=0.015. Based on the mean difference values, CBT have been better than AT in controlling violent behavior. CBT can improve patient's ability to control violent behavior. We recommend that CBT can be applied in health and community services.

Hubungan Komunikasi Terapeutik dan Risiko Perilaku Kekerasan pada Pasien Skizofrenia di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Provinsi Bali

Violent behavior is one of symptoms that can be demonstrated by patients with schizophrenia which it can cause injury to the patient and others. Therapeutic communication is one of the nursing intervention for patients with violent behavior. This study aimed to identify the relationship of communication and risk of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients. This study used a descriptive correlational with a cross-sectional design, which involved 68 patients with schizophrenia who were selected by consecutive sampling technique. The instrument in this study used a therapeutic communication checklist and observation sheets for changes in violent behavior. The results showed that as many as 35 patients (51.5%) who received good therapeutic communication from nurses, and 37 (54.4%) patients showed moderate risk of violent behavior. The results of the analysis by the Gamma ordinal by ordinal test found that there was a significant relationship between therapeutic communication and the risk of violent behavior with p value= 0.001 (<0.05). It showed that the better therapeutic communication applied, the lower of the incidence of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients. Thus it is expected that nurses can practice therapeutic communication techniques to improve the patient's condition so that violent behavior in patients can be reduced.

TERAPI AKTIVITAS KELOMPOK PENYALURAN ENERGI : SENAM POCO-POCO MENURUNKAN GEJALA PERILAKU KEKERASAN PADA PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA

ABSTRACT Introduction: The main problem that often occurs in schizophrenia patient is violent behavior when can get injure yourself or others. The handling of violent behavior is carried out with a combination of psychopharmacology and psychosocial interventions such as the therapy of channeling group activity. One activity that can be given to reduce violent behavior is through physical activity in the form of dance and motion that is combined with the music of poco-poco gymnastics. The purpose of this study is group activity energy distribusy therapy: poco-poco exercise, decrease symtom of violent behavior on schizophrenic patient. Methods : Type of pre experimental study, using One-group pre-post test design. Sample technique used Purposive sampling with 22 samples. Data collection using observation sheets.Result : The results showed that the risk of pre-test risk behavior was 13.77, including the risk of moderate hardness behavior and post test results of 5.64, including the risk of mild violent behavior. Paired t Test statistic test results obtained p < 0.05 indicates there is group energy distribution therapy activities: poco-poco exercises can decrease symtom of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients. recommended for patients with schizophrenia to be given continuous poco-poco TAK training. Keywords: Poco - Poco Gymnastic, Violent Behavior, Schizophrenic

C-Reactive Protein and Aggression in Patients with Schizophrenia

Recent studies reported firstly an association between aggression and inflammation and secondly an association between inflammation and schizophrenia. In this study, we aim to explore the association between the clinical signs of schizophrenia, aggressive behavior in patients with relapsing schizophrenia and inflammatory marker: CRP (C-reactive protein). Adult schizophrenia inpatients without affective symptoms (n = 154) were prospectively identified and categorized according to their C-reactive protein measurement at admission as either elevated (CRP > 5 mg/L; n = 52) or normal (CRP 5 mg/L. These results confirm the role played by inflammation and immunity in the appearance of aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients and highlight the interest of the CRP assay at the admission of patients as an indicator of aggression in hospitalized schizophrenic patients.

PENGARUH STRATEGI PELAKSANAAN KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK TERHADAP RESIKO PERILAKU KEKERASAN PADA PASIEN GANGGUAN JIWA DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA PROVINSI JAMBI

Schizophrenic patients such as violent behavior violent behavior is a form of behavior that aims to injure a person physically and psychologically. To overcome violent behavior in schizophrenic patients it is necessary to take anticipatory strategies, in the form of therapeutic communication. The purpose of this study is to see whether there is an effect of therapeutic communication therapy on patients at risk of violent behavior in the Inpatient Room of Jambi Provincial Hospital. The study was conducted on 12-19 July 2018. The research design used was pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design. Respondents in this study were all schizophrenic patients with a risk of violent behavior in the inpatient ward of the Regional Psychiatric Hospital of Jambi Province as many as 98 people with a total sample of 20 respondents. Data collection was done by proportional random sampling technique. The results showed that before therapeutic communication therapy was known, most respondents had poor behavior (maladaptive) with a mean of 40.50, and therapeutic communication therapy was known to increase the score of behavior better (adaptive) with mean 43.90. The results showed that there was a significant effect of therapeutic communication therapy in addressing the problem of violent behavior in schizophrenic patients with a p-value of 0.013 (p-value <0.05).

The role of oxytocin in the pathogenesis and treatment of schizophrenia

Abstract Introduction: Until recently, oxytocin was mainly associated with the pathophysiology of childbirth and sexual functions, but lately this hormone has become the object of interest to psychiatry and psychology due to the significant influence of oxytocin on human behavior in the field of social and emotional functioning. Current scientific research focuses on the participation of oxytocin in the pathogenesis and therapy of mental disorders. Aim: The aim of the paper is to present, on the basis of available literature, the significance of oxytocin for various psychological functions, with particular emphasis on the influence of oxytocin on the course and clinical picture of schizophrenia. Method: Available articles from the Medline / PubMed database were analyzed, which were searched using keywords: oxytocin, schizophrenia, therapeutic use of oxytocin, social cognition, positive symptoms, negative symptoms and time descriptors: 2013-2017. There are included articles published in Polish and English. Results:The research results carried out so far suggest that oxytocin plays a significant role in modulating complex socio-emotional behaviors in schizophrenic patients. The existing research results also indicate a relationship between the dysregulation of the oxytocinergic system and the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Many of the studies prove that there is a relationship between the level of oxytocin in the patients' blood plasma and the severity of the disease symptoms. Recent genetic studies indicate a possible relationship between polymorphism of oxytocin genesand polymorphism of oxytocin receptor genes and the risk of developing schizophrenia. Conclusions: Contemporary research on the therapeutic potential of oxytocin and its influence on the functioning of schizophrenia patients seem to be very promising and may contribute to increasing the effectiveness of treatment of schizophrenia and possibly other mental disorders, which in turn will improve the quality of life of patients in cognitive, social and emotional functioning.

The relationship between aggression and thyroid hormone and cortisol in schizophrenic patients

Objective To explore the relationship between aggressive behavior with thyroid hormone or cortisol and in schizophrenic patients. Methods According to the past violence history and modified overt aggression scale(MOAS)weighted total scores, 108 schizophrenic patients were divided into aggressive group(n=69) and non-aggressive group(n=39). Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total scores, serum thyroid hormone levels and cortisol concentration were compared between the two groups before and after 2, 4 weeks treatment. And correlations of PANSS and sub-scales scores, thyroid hormone levels and cortisol concentration with MOAS weighted total scores and subscales scores were analyzed before these patients receiving treatment. Results Before treatment, total scores of PANSS, positive symptoms and general psychopathology scores in aggressive group((94.19±12.71), (23.77±4.94), (52.61±6.45))were higher than that in non-aggressive group ((83.26±11.21), (21.36±7.10), (45.49±6.84)) and these differences were significant(P 0.05). Free thyroxine(FT4) level of aggressive group ( (14.41±3.58)pmol/L) was higher than that of non-aggressive group ((12.95±2.66)pmol/L) before treatment and the difference was significant(P 0.05). After 2 or 4 weeks treatment, the differences between the two groups in TSH, FT3, FT4, TT3, TT4 levels were not significant(P>0.05). The differences between the two groups of cortisol concentration were not significant before and after 2, 4 weeks treatment(P>0.05). MOAS weighted total scores were positively correlated with PANSS total scores, negative symptoms scores, general psychopathology scores and level of FT4, and their r values were 0.471, 0.204, 0.531, 0.239(all P<0.05). Verbal aggression was positively correlated with PANSS total scores, positive symptoms scores and general psychopathology scores, and their r values were 0.213, 0.215, 0.292(P<0.05). Auto-aggression was positively correlated with PANSS total scores and general psychopathology scores, and their r values were 0.278, 0.382(P<0.05). Psychical aggression was positively correlated with PANSS total scores, negative symptoms scores, general psychopathology scores and level of FT4, and their r values were 0.361, 0.193, 0.338, 0.276(P<0.05). Conclusion The total scores of PANSS, positive symptoms, general psychopathology scores, level of FT4 and their variances can reflect severity of aggression and predict aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients. Concentration of cortisol is not associated with aggressive behavior and can not be used as a predictor of aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients. Key words: Schizophrenia; Aggression; Thyroid hormone; Cortisol

Most Common Side Effects of Clozapine and Their Management

Clozapine is a novel, unique and oldest second generation (atypical) antipsychotic agent, first introduced in 1970s in the European market in under trade name, Leponex but has been withdrawn years in 1974 due to development of severe neutropenia (agranulocytosis) resulting in cluster of deaths. It was reintroduced in the early 1990s in United States under trade name, Clozaril by U.S. Food and drug Administration (FDA) for use in treatment resistant schizophrenia in adults and for reduction of risk of persistent suicidal ideation or aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients. As of today, Clozapine remains the most effective antipsychotic available in reducing both positive and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia who fail to respond to typical antipsychotic agent, treating affective disorders, some neurological disorders, aggression, as well as psychosis in patients with dementia and parkinsonism. Most side effects associated with clozapine in general are typically benign, tolerable, and manageable.

The Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Criminality

Introduction Schizophrenia represents a risk factor for violent behavior, even escalating to murder. Objectives The current study aims to provide information regarding the prevalence and types of criminal acts committed by schizophrenic patients and identifying the precipitating factors. Aims The purpose of this study is to obtain an overall view on the peculiarity of criminal behavior in schizophrenic patients in order to create efficient means of prediction and prevention. Methods The current study collected all the data from Medline PubMed, from articles published between 2004-2014, by searching key words like violent behavior, schizophrenia, schizophrenia and criminality. Results Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are usually associated with a substantially increased rate of violent crimes, in comparison to the general population. The risk factors include the same as in the general population, with a social and family background, and also specific risk factors found in schizophrenic patients like delusional and hallucinatory elements which drive patients to perform criminal actions. Conclusions The criminal behavior manifested in schizophrenic patients shows certain features, especially at a motivational level, emphasizing the need for the early detection of delusional and hallucinatory symptoms that drive patients to do act of crimes, in a close relationship to the social cultural and also family context that creates their background.

An EEG study that may improve the violence risk assessment in male schizophrenic patients

It has been suggested that aggressive and violent behaviour in schizophrenic patients is associated with dysfunctions in specific brain regions. In this study, we explore the correlation between these abnormal behaviours and brain electrical activity by using electroencephalography (EEG) in male schizophrenics. The subjects of the study were 60 male schizophrenics, 30 with and 30 without violent behaviour. We recorded the waking EEG at 16 electrode sites. The Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) was used to assess violence in the subjects. The correlations between the MOAS total score and subscale scores and waking EEG variables of male schizophrenic patients were explored. The violent group had significantly more relative theta power in the right frontal (F4) and anterior temporal regions (F8), and more relative delta and theta power in the right prefrontal region (Fp2).The MOAS total scores and subscale scores (the MOAS aggression against people scores and the MOAS aggression against property scores) were correlated significantly with the delta or/and theta power in the right prefrontal region (Fp2). The present results suggest that male schizophrenic patients with violent behaviour have dysfunctions in the prefrontal brain and the EEG data may provide a useful tool for improving the violence risk assessment in schizophrenics.

The relationship between aggressive behaviors and clinical features in the inpatients with schizophrenia

Objective To explore the relative factors of aggressive behaviors in inpatients with schizophrenic. Methods 178 cases of continuously admitted schizophrenic patients were divided into attack group and non aggressive group according to the aggressive behavior of preadmission.Single factor analysis and multi factor regression analysis was applied to two groups in situation(such as age, gender, education level, course of disease, past aggressive behaviors and so on), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale(BPRS) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ). Results By single factor analysis, attack group had significantly longer course of disease(7.73±6.67)than non aggressive group(5.22±5.47, t=2.631, P<0.01). The score of hostile suspicious factor in BPRS(13.73±3.098) in attack group was significantly higher than that in nonaggressive group(11.47±3.93)(t=4.063, P<0.01), but anxiety factor(7.18±3.583)was significantly lower than that in nonaggressive group(8.70±3.89)(t=2.679, P<0.01). The score of E scale of EPQ(11.99±4.340) in attack group was significantly higher than that in nonaggressive group(10.67±4.293)(t=1.990, P<0.01). Attack group's proportion of patients of previous attacks(71.1%)was significantly higher than that in non aggressive group(16.0%), (χ2=39.082, P<0.01). (2) Logistic analysis showed that hostile suspicious factor in BPRS and past aggressive behaviors entered the regression equation. Conclusions Aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients occurs mainly with psychiatric symptoms and the past history of aggressive behavior.The patients should be treated actively to control the symptoms and prevent the disease recurrence. Key words: Schizophrenia; Aggressive behavior; Relative factors

The relationship among the aggressive behavior, hostile attribution bias and childhood trauma in schizophrenic patients

Objective To explore the relationship among the aggressive behavior, hostile attribution bias and childhood trauma in schizophrenic patients. Methods 135 schizophrenic patients were tested with Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), the Chinese-version of the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ-C) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). According to the score of the MOAS, the patients were divided into the aggressive group (n=58) and the non-aggressive group (n=77). The hostile attribution bias and the childhood trauma were compared between the two groups, and correlation and hierarchical regression analysis were used to investigate the relationships of the variables. Results Compared with the non-aggressive patients, the aggressive patients had significantly higher AIHQ-C total hostility bias score (6.27±1.20 vs 5.90±0.97, P<0.05), total blame bias score (8.04±1.97 vs 6.91±2.10, P<0.01) and total aggression bias score (6.17±1.02 vs 5.59±1.04, P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the MOAS score, AIHQ scores and the total score of CTQ were significantly positively correlated with each other (r=0.171~0.350, P<0.05~0.01). Regression analysis indicated the hostile attribution bias directly predicted the aggressive behavior(β=0.342, P<0.05)and completely mediated the relationship between the childhood trauma and the aggressive behavior. Conclusion The aggressive behavior in schizophrenic patients is associated with the experience of childhood trauma and the attribution style. The childhood trauma indirectly influences the aggressive behavior by the mediating of the hostile attribution bias. Key words: Schizophrenia; Aggressive behavior; Hostility; Attribution; Childhood Trauma

P-671 - Homicidal behavior in schizophrenics in ibin-AL-Haitham High Secure Unit, in AL-Rashad Teaching Mental Hospital, Baghdad

Few papers reported that schizophrenia predisposes to homicidal behavior. The aim of this paper is to report our experience with homicidal behavior in Schizophrenic patients admitted at Ibin-AL-Haitham a high secure unit, in AL-Rashad Teaching Mental Hospital, Baghdad. Homicide offenders are subjected to intensive forensic psychiatric investigations in Iraq. Therefore, it was possible to obtain and review data of 118 homicide offenders admitted in Ibin Al-Hiathim Secure Unit in AL-Rashad Teaching Hospital of Baghdad during period from July 2003 to July 2008. The percentage of schizophrenia in this sample was 44% and 57% of schizophrenic offenders were in the age group (20–40years). There were more males; simply because males are more liable to break the law than females. Higher number of urban living offenders is probably attributed to the fact that psychiatric institutions and services are more accessible, and accurate recording in urban areas than in rural areas. Victims are mostly of first degree relatives of the offenders. According to our experience there is a strong relationship between schizophrenia and homicidal behavior.

P-1222 - Decision making in schizophrenia: a neuroeconomic trial on social cognition

Introduction We have studied the strategic behaviour of schizophrenic patients playing the Dictator Game (DG) and the Ultimatum Game (UG). The model of Homo economicus predicted by traditional economical theories describes the individual involved in economical negotiations as a selfish, rational trader, whose leading purpose is to maximize his utility function. Neuroeconomy contradicts this model supplying data that show a more emotive, irrational behaviour in normal people involved in bargaining tasks. Objective To study how people affected by schizophrenia allocate a resource when asked if sharing it or not, and how their behaviour change during a negotiation, in which strategic mentalizing can help to gain some good. Aim To demonstrate that schizophrenic patients would not show an increment in their offers as Proposers in UG compared to DG and would not refuse unfair offers as Responders. Methods 19 schizophrenic patients and 10 controls were tested with DG and UG. Participants underwent 24 trials of DG as Dictators, 24 trials of UG as Offerers and 24 trials of UG as Responders. Results In the schizophrenic group UG mean offers were not significantly higher than DG offers, while controls showed the opposite. Compared to controls, schizophrenic patients showed a higher propensity to accept unfair offers. Moreover schizophrenic patients' behaviour was not influenced by the type of player (avatar vs human being). Conclusions Our study presents data that assimilate schizophrenic subjects to homo economicus: in fact, compared to normal people, schizophrenic patients show “more rational” bargaining behaviour, due to ToM deficit.