Behavioral Control Research Articles

Bridging realms: Western client perspectives on psychotherapy inspired by Indigenous healing

ContextThe decolonial turn in psychology criticizes conventional Western psychotherapeutic frameworks and seeks to decolonize therapeutic practices by considering diverse cultural perspectives. Indigenous healing has been increasingly used in the psychotherapy of ethnic communities, but also in the psychotherapy of Western clients. The research questions of the present study were focused on how Western clients experience the therapies inspired by Indigenous healing. ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the motivations, experiences, and mental health outcomes of participants of therapies inspired by Indigenous healing with a focus on issues related to intercultural transfer of therapeutic practice. DesignSemi-structured qualitative interviews were used to gather narratives from 28 participants. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. ResultsParticipants reported the following long-lasting outcomes of Indigenous therapies: increased well-being, calm, satisfaction with life, better emotion regulation, coping with stress, behavioral control, problem solving, decision making as well as a more sensitive and deeper experience of reality. Conventional Western psychotherapy was perceived as conversation-based, while Indigenous therapy was perceived as experience-based and more complex. The integration of experiences from Indigenous therapies was more difficult in the Western sociocultural environment compared to participation in the place of their origin, within the community of Indigenous people. ConclusionIndigenous healing has beneficial outcomes for Western clients, but the integration of these experiences is quite difficult and requires systematic psychotherapeutic support in the Western cultural environment.

The Impact of Eco-Friendly Perceptions on Festival Attendees’ Decision-Making

People are becoming increasingly concerned with environment as the society becomes more environmentally conscious and this is on a global basis. Festivalgoers are now very much concerned about the environmental impact of the events they go to, a consumer behavior shift. As a result of that, festival organizers are taking this into account when developing their strategies for future festivals. This research examines the influence of eco-friendly perceptions on the decision-making process among festival visitors. The study used an extended version of the planned behavior model which takes into account attitudes, subjective norms, anticipated positive emotions, expected negative emotions, and perceived behavioral control concerning decision-making. This correlation study focuses on attitudes towards attending eco-friendly events in terms of behavioral intention, subjective norms, positive anticipated emotion, negative anticipated emotion, and perceived behavioral control. 197 data sets were collected through convenience sampling of event management students at UiTM Puncak Alam via different online platforms were used for the analysis. The SPSS was used for the analysis of results through reliability tests, correlations, and regressions. The result indicated that there was a significant relationship between all the variables involved in participating in eco-friendly events. Four independent variables show a significant beta coefficient for subjective norm, positive anticipated emotion, negative anticipated emotions, and perceived behavioral control. Meanwhile, another independent variable, attitude does not significantly influence behavioral intentions. The limitations, recommendations, and implications of the study were suggested for future research.

Adjudication of Self-reported Symptomatic Stone Recurrence in the Prevention of Urinary Stones With Hydration Trial

ObjectiveTo assess accuracy of self-reported stone events in a large clinical trial by adjudication against the weight of documentation for spontaneous stone passage or surgical intervention. MethodsParticipants in the Prevention of Urinary Stones with Hydration (PUSH) trial were randomized to a multi-component behavioral intervention or control arm to increase and maintain high fluid intake. The primary endpoint was urinary stone events including symptomatic stone passage or procedural intervention. An independent adjudication committee blinded to randomization assignments reviewed all events. Confirmed clinical stone events required typical stone symptoms and documentation of stone passage (e.g., via photograph, clinical record) and/or surgical intervention. Events with typical symptoms and self-described stone passage but without objective documentation of passage were also considered as meeting the primary endpoint and classified separately as patient-reported passage. Non-events did not meet either criteria. ResultsAt time of this blinded analysis, a total of 1658 participants were randomized and had a median follow-up of 19 months. Self-reported stone events (n=217) were adjudicated by the committee as either confirmed clinical events (134; 61.8%), patient-reported passage (71; 32.7%), or non-events (12; 5.5%). Confirmed clinical events consisted of stone passage in 66/134 and procedural interventions in 68/134 (53 for symptoms and 15 without symptoms). ConclusionsRigorous adjudication revealed that self-reported stone events in the PUSH trial overwhelmingly represented clinically documented passage, surgical intervention, and patient-reported passage outside healthcare settings, with only 5.5% failing to satisfy adjudication criteria. Similar adjudication and classification processes warrant consideration for implementation in future stone trials. Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT03244189

An Exploration of Sexual Consent Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behaviors among Middle School Students in Canada

An essential component of healthy sexual exploration is the understanding of sexual consent. Unfortunately, sexual consent is not consistently taught in sex education programs developed for adolescents. Furthermore, although early adolescence is a critical developmental period for the formation of sexual identity, norms, attitudes, and relationships, this population is underrepresented in the sexual consent literature. To fill this important gap, this study examined the sexual consent beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of 254 middle school students from a large, urban city in the province of Ontario. Correlates and predictors of sexual consent endorsement were tested via bivariate and multiple regression analyses. Greater perceived negative sanctions of dating violence and higher endorsement of gender stereotypes emerged as variables significantly related to and predictive of sexual consent attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and affirmative consent norms. Gender was also a significant correlate, as girls were more likely than boys to endorse affirmative sexual consent beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. The findings highlight important group differences and provide guidance for the design and implementation of sexual education and prevention programs.

Dynamic behavior and stability control of skyrmionium in periodic PMA/damping gradient nanowires

Magnetic skyrmioniums—with a composite structure comprising two skyrmions with opposite topological charges, exhibit unique dynamic behaviors that are crucial for technological advancements and have application potential for high-density and nonvolatile memory. This study explores the impact of periodic perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and damping gradients on skyrmioniums. Utilizing the object oriented micromagnetic framework for detailed simulations, the effective control and enhancement of the skyrmionium stability and mobility through the periodic modulation of PMA and damping gradients is demonstrated. The results demonstrate the dynamic behavior and stability control of skyrmioniums in periodic PMA/damping gradient nanowires. Moreover, the critical influence of the periodic gradient on the skyrmionium motion and stability is highlighted. The results present new avenues for developing advanced memory technologies, leveraging skyrmionium's unique nonlinear behaviors to improve the device performance and reliability.

Factors influencing farmers' intention to participate in the voluntary carbon market: An extended theory of planned behavior

Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils is essential for sustainable agriculture, contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals and combating climate change. The Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM), designed to encourage farmers to implement sequestration practices, is a recent innovation in Europe, in contrast to the well-established American system. Consequently, there is limited understanding of farmers' intentions to participate. The study analyzes farmers' willingness to participate in VCM and the influencing factors through the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB). For this purpose, data were collected from 241 Italian farmers located in the Sicily region and the partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) was applied. The results show that Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control and Knowledge of VCM have a statistically significant influence on farmers' intention to participate in VCM. In contrast, Subjective Norms and Perceived Environmental Risk do not have a statistically significant influence. Our findings suggest that farmers' intention is strongly influenced by confidence in their capabilities and knowledge of the topic. This should guide policymakers and practitioners to offer extension services and technical assistance, helping farmers understand the potential of the VCM. Indeed, limited knowledge is a major barrier to participation in this initiative.

The Effect Of Incentive, Technology Readiness, And Charging Infrastructure On Electric Vehicle Adoption Mediated By Perceived Behavior Control (Empirical Study: Intention To Adopt Electric Vehicles In Jakarta And Its Surroundings)

Today, the world faces crucial challenges such as the energy crisis, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. The transportation sector is considered a major contributor to these problems, which is driving climate change in various cities. To achieve the goal of zero emissions, electric vehicles are positioned as the transportation solution of the future and need to be widely adopted around the world. This researche focuses on analyzing the factors that affect the intention to adopt electric vehicles, with variables such as Incentive, Charging Infrastructure, Technology Readiness, Perceived Behavior Control, and intention to adopt. The goal is to understand how these factors contribute to shaping people's decisions to use electric vehicles. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sample of at least 150 respondents. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire, and data analysis was carried out using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method with Smart-PLS (Partial Least Squares Structural Equations Modeling) software version 3.0 Testing of validity, reliability, and goodness of fit was carried out to ensure the quality of the model.

Factors influencing the reporting of medication errors and near misses among nurses: A systematic mixed methods review.

This study aimed to systematically review empirical evidence on factors influencing nurses to report medication errors and near misses. There is underreporting of medication errors among nurses, in particular among novice and beginner nurses. To improve quality of care, factors influencing the reporting of medication errors and near misses should be documented. A systematic mixed methods review was conducted. CINAHL, Cochrane Collaboration, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases were explored and analysed from December 1990 to December 2023. Two reviewers independently selected and extracted data using a standardized data extraction grid. Data were analysed using thematic analysis based on the adapted theory of planned behaviour. Forty-two studies met the eligibility criteria. Principal factors influencing the reporting of medication errors and near misses among nurses were associated with perceived behavioural control, subjective norm and attitude. Few studies examined factors influencing reporting medication errors and near misses among novice and beginner nurses, and sociodemographic and professional factors. To understand factors influencing reporting of medication errors and near misses, further studies should be conducted to investigate sociodemographic and professional factors.

Sustainable Healthcare in China: Analysis of User Satisfaction, Reuse Intention, and Electronic Word-of-Mouth for Online Health Service Platforms

Online health service (OHS) platforms can provide sustainable healthcare services in China where healthcare demand continues to grow along with the scarcity of healthcare resources. This study investigated the levels of satisfaction of Chinese consumers’ experiences with OHS platforms and their reuse and electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) recommendation intentions. This study provides data for educating consumers on OHS platforms and for guiding strategic business planning for the OHS market. The theoretical model applied was the theory of planned behavior, augmented by integrating factors such as perceived service quality and subjective knowledge into its framework. Data were collected in April 2024 through an online survey of Chinese consumers who had used OHS platforms in the past year. The data were assessed using structural equation modeling and multiple group analysis. The findings indicate that various factors, including attitudes, perceived interaction quality, behavioral control, perceived system quality, perceived information quality, and subjective knowledge concerning OHS platforms, are significant enhancers of user satisfaction and reuse and e-WOM intentions. Health consciousness is a moderating variable in the dynamics between consumer satisfaction and their propensity to engage in e-WOM. Strategies targeting factors that influence satisfaction require development.

Sustainability in education: Nurturing tomorrow's future teachers through waste separation and recycling intentions

The importance of intentions in determining human environmental behavior is widely recognized; however, their relationship with education, knowledge, and facilities regarding environmental issues is not well understood, especially among pre-service teachers. This study aimed to explore the link between the factors and pathways influencing of pre-service teachers towards separation and recycling behavior on campus in Indonesia. An online structured questionnaire survey was administered to more than 400 students at seven teacher education institutions in six islands in Indonesia. The hypothesised model's links and pathways are tested and analysed using SmartPLS in structural equation models. Environmental knowledge, perceived behavioural control, and environmental knowledge are the three factors that have the most significant relationships with intention of separation and recycling behavior, with environmental education having the most crucial direct impact. In contrast, attitudes and subjective norms fail to convert intention into behavior and do not have a significant direct influence on intention among pre-service teachers. It underscores the importance of environmental education and knowledge in promoting sustainable practices while emphasizing the role of accessible facilities and subjective norms in shaping recycling intentions. Additionally, the study emphasizes the complexity of attitudes and intentions, suggesting that interventions aimed at promoting recycling should consider a diverse range of factors that influence behaviour.

How Environmental Policy Perception and Social Media Use Impact Pro-Environmental Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

Pro-environmental behavior (PEB) is an essential source for solving environmental problems and implementing sustainable development. This study reveals the antecedent mechanisms of PEB from the joint perspective of environmental policy perception (EPP) and social media use (SMU). We developed a moderated mediation model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and tested the hypotheses using questionnaire data from 408 residents in Tianjin, China. The results indicated that EPP positively affects PEB and that attitude and perceived behavioral control in the TPB framework mediate the relationship between EPP and PEB. SMU not only has a positive effect on PEB but also remotely mediates the effect of EPP on PEB together with perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, gender and age have a positive moderating impact on EPP. This study provides the first theoretical and empirical explanation of how EPP influences PEB within a systematic TPB framework while also introducing SMU as an innovative expansion of the explanatory model. This study also provides recommendations for policymakers on environmental management practices.

Evaluating Saudi Arabian nurses' willingness to respond to nuclear and radiological disasters.

We evaluated Saudi Arabian nurses' willingness to engage in nuclear and radiological disaster response. In the face of rising nuclear and radiological threats, it is essential that nurses are fully prepared to handle the health consequences of such emergencies. As frontline responders, nurses play a critical role in managing high-stakes situations, making their readiness a key factor in ensuring public safety during these crises. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 612 registered nurses in Saudi Arabia. The survey used a structured questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior, identifying behavioral intentions as the primary outcome and attitudes toward these behaviors, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control as influencing factors. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Most respondents lacked specialized training and reported strong behavioral intentions. Attitude and perceived behavioral control were key drivers of these behavioral intentions, with less impact from subjective norms. Behavioral intentions were also shaped by education, the perceived likelihood of nuclear and radiological emergencies in their region, peer influence, perceived self-efficacy, and family concerns. Younger and married nurses showed significantly stronger behavioral intentions. Although most nurses lacked specialized training, their strong engagement intentions and positive responses to active learning and training indicate a desire to close this gap through further education. However, inadequate institutional support, trouble communicating with family, and concerns about personal radiation exposure emerged as potential barriers. Targeted educational initiatives and support systems are needed to enhance nurses' confidence, competence, and willingness to engage in radiological and nuclear emergency scenarios. Policymakers should prioritize the development of specialized training programs and support mechanisms for nurses, ensuring they are adequately prepared to respond effectively to increasing radiological and nuclear threats.

Why is Vietnam a motorcycle nation? A transport psychology study

This article investigates the reasons why people use motorcycles in two Vietnamese megacities, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The research targets university students. The various factors that lead students to use motorcycles, as well as the linkages between those factors, are assessed through a statistical technique known as Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Conceptually, this study is guided by an extended version of the Theory of Planned Behaviour, a well-established socio-psychological framework. We find that widespread motorcycle use among students is linked to behavioural beliefs, normative beliefs, and control beliefs. Motorcycles are variously seen as convenient, inexpensive, fun, flexible, modern, and wonted – whereas factors such as health, safety, status, and environmental impact are irrelevant. But motorcycle use is also determined by habit and values (progressive or conservative). In fact, the effect of these two additional constructs is larger than the effect of beliefs. In addition, we find that higher income students, those who come from the provinces, and those who are more attached to cars are more prone to using motorcycles as well.

Comparison of School-Attending Adolescent Areca Nut Users with Tobacco-Only Users and Those Using Both Substances on Demographic Variables and Behavioral Determinants.

Consumption of areca nut and tobacco, often initiated in adolescence, are important causes of oral cancers in India. Areca nut prevention, often subsumed into school tobacco prevention programs, assumes that users are similar. However, differences in gender or age of users could necessitate unique approaches. The study aimed to find if adolescent areca nut-only users are different from tobacco-only users and users of both areca and tobacco. A cross-sectional survey with school-students attending grades 7, 8, 9 was used to compare differences in age, gender, knowledge, and attitudes among areca nut only users, tobacco-only, users of both, and non-users. Of 1909 respondents, 464 (24.3%) used only areca nut, 25 (1.3%) used only tobacco, 177 (9.3%) used both, and 1243 (65.1%) were never-users. Females, overwhelmingly, consumed only areca nut. Users of both substances, in greater proportions, were male, older in age, and more than half believed that tobacco-users had more friends. A third of tobacco-only and users of both substances found it hard to turn down a friend's request to use compared to a fifth of areca-only and non-users. Differences in gender, age, and behavioral determinants such as subjective norms and perceived behavioral control between the different types of users underlines the need for prevention and cessation programs and policies that are specific to and tailored to their unique profiles and needs.

Factors that Influence Customer Intention to Visit Green Hotel in Malaysia

The study aims to determine the factors that affect customer intention to stay at a green hotel in Malaysia. This study uses convenience sampling for a respondent who intends to stay at a green hotel in Malaysia using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). This cross-sectional study examined the factors influencing 384 customers’ intention to visit green hotels. Subjective norms, attitude, perceived behavior control, and overall image towards green hotels have been examined as concerning their relationship with intention. The relationship has been analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The questionnaire was distributed through an online platform using Google Forms and it contains several sections consisting of demographic and TPB variables. The result of the study showed that there is a positive relationship between all factors and customer intention to stay at a green hotel in Malaysia.

Extending the theory of planned behavior to predict the behavior of farmers in choosing low-water-intensive medicinal plants

Water scarcity has become a serious challenge in many parts of the world due to increasing demands and the impacts of climate change. The agriculture sector globally accounts for a major portion of water consumption, yet it also holds substantial potential for water conservation. Among the most effective ways to conserve water is to cultivate low-water-demanding crops, such as medicinal plants (MPs), instead of water-demanding crops (WDC). However, the voluntary participation of farmers, largely influenced by socio-psychological drivers, is crucial for successfully implementing most water conservation programs and needs to be addressed. Therefore, the main objectives of this paper were: (1) to identify the determinants that explain farmers' intention and behavior in cultivating MPs instead of WDC; and (2) to examine the effectiveness and performance of an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting farmers' intention and behavior toward cultivating MPs by innovatively incorporating four new variables into the original TPB model: perceived barriers, moral norms, compatibility, and relative advantage. The applicability of the theoretical framework was evaluated in the Sojasroud Plain, Zanjan province, Iran. The results of the structural equation modeling revealed that: (1) farmers' intention to cultivate MPs instead of WDC is significantly influenced by perceived barriers, moral norms, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control (the strongest predictor); and (2) farmers’ behavior in cultivating MPs instead of WDC is predicted by relative advantage, compatibility, and intention (the most prominent determinant). The R2 values for predicting intention and behavior were 55% and 53%, respectively. Based on the results, some practical policies were proposed to increase the cultivation of MPs in the study area.

Analyzing Irrational Purchase Decision on Aesthetic Packaging: The Moderating Role of Emotional Appeal

This conceptual paper examines how aesthetic packaging affects the purchase decisions of cosmetic products through the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model, irrational factors. The TPB model, comprising Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control, serves as the analytical framework for consumer behavior. The central issue lies in understanding the influence of packaging aesthetics on decisions, particularly the irrational aspects such as emotional appeal. Emotional appeal is hypothesized to act as a moderating factor, potentially amplifying the perceived value of aesthetically pleasing packaging and leading to less rational purchasing decisions. The methodology includes a purposive sampling of cosmetic product consumers, with the sample size determined using G*Power. Data analysis will be conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). This study seeks to uncover the impact of emotional appeal on packaging aesthetics, providing insights to improve marketing strategies and packaging designs within the cosmetic industry.

How are illness representations of gambling disorder associated with gambling behaviors? A latent profile analysis

Gambling disorder (GD) is a behavioral addiction that causes serious harm to individuals’ mental health and social functioning. This study aimed to explore whether gamblers’ illness representations (IR) for GD are related to disordered and/or controlled patterns of gambling under the framework of commonsense model of self-regulation (CSM). Based on CSM, different facets of IR do not exist in isolation but together form a total illness schema; we hence used a person-centered analysis method, latent profile analysis (LPA), to classify gamblers by their overall IR for GD (including consequences, personal and treatment control, timeline cyclical, emotional representations, and coherence) into groups and then tested whether these groups differed in GD symptoms, controlled gambling behaviors, and help-seeking intention. An anonymous online survey was conducted on a social media platform, and valid responses from 589 past-year adult gamblers were collected. LPA results supported a four-profile model, revealing four profiles of GD representations: the weak-perception profile, average profile, tensed-up profile, and rational profile. Significant differences were found in all outcome variables in these four profile groups. In particular, the rational group exhibited the lowest levels of GD symptoms and impaired behavioral control, the highest levels of responsible and controlled gambling, and the highest levels of help-seeking intention, whereas the weak-perception group reported the lowest levels of responsible and controlled gambling behaviors. The findings provide empirical support for the application of CSM to addictive behaviors, as well as preliminary evidence for the potential use of CSM-based interventions for GD prevention.

Unlocking the key drivers of consumer purchase intentions for organic cosmetics: A study in Can Tho City, Vietnam

This study's objective to evaluate Can Tho City's customer behavior with respect to organic cosmetics. The research was carried out utilizing a cross-sectional descriptive design and a collection of inquiries according to the theory of planned behavior (TPB), which evolved from the 5-point Likert scale. The survey was undertaken to interview 559 Can Tho City residents who use organic cosmetics, applying various interview questions to measure their behavior when considering the characteristics of the research subjects. Research findings show that customers have a positive attitude towards skincare using organic cosmetics, and the trend toward safe, environmentally friendly products is increasing. Factors such as perceived behavioral control, advantages, difficulty, and subjective norms have a strong influence on customers' purchasing intentions. What is quite interesting is that promotion does not significantly affect consumer choices.In Viet Nam, organic cosmetics are not subject to any particular rules or regulations in this country, that lead many customers to see them as natural cosmetics. So that, businesses can develop policies, improve product quality specifically or create a discussion board where individuals may seek advice and impart additional organic cosmetics expertise. However, the number of survey samples is quite high (559), but this is still not statistically significant if you want to use it to analyze some anthropometric factors more closely and the factors surveyed are not all factors affecting the consumption behavior of organic cosmetics customers. The other researchs in the future can use different factors and theories to find or verify.

A Pilot Study of E-Commerce Consumers' Green Purchasing Intention in China: TPB Perspective

The frequent occurrence of environmental accidents and the heightened awareness of environmental protection among citizens have led to the emergence of green consumption as a social phenomenon. As a major global e-commerce market, Chinese consumers' green purchasing intention contributes significantly to environmental protection. The present study sought to develop pertinent scales utilizing the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), with questionnaires employed to assess the influence of attitudes (A), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on Chinese e-commerce consumers' green purchasing intention (GPI). A total of 88 valid questionnaires were collected for the pilot study. The results indicated that the kurtosis's magnitude for all latent variables is less than 2, while the magnitude of the skewness is less than 1. This signifies that the data results have successfully passed the normality test. Furthermore, the Cronbach's alpha value and KMO for all variables exceeded 0.8, indicating high internal consistency. The total variance explained (TVE) surpassed 50%, demonstrating a substantial amount of variability accounted for. Additionally, the composite reliability (CR) was higher than the threshold. The value was higher than 0.8, and the average variance extracted (AVE) exceeded 0.5. This demonstrates that the questionnaire successfully underwent reliability and validity assessments. The findings of the pilot study have contributed to the advancement of research in the field of green consumption, offering insights into the prediction of green purchase intentions among Chinese e-commerce consumers.