Bed Expansion Research Articles

A Nursing Care Model for Surge Capacity Management in Intensive Care Units During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience From Qatif Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a surge of critically ill patients requiring intensive care. This posed challenges for healthcare systems in managing increased ICU bed demands with limited resources. Methods A retrospective qualitative review of institutional documents and plans was conducted. Key strategies related to ICU bed expansion, nursing staff classification and training, clinical supervision, and performance evaluation were analyzed. Results Qatif Central Hospital increased ICU beds from 20 to 50 by converting other clinical areas. Nursing staff were categorized based on critical care experience, and additional training was provided to non-ICU nurses. A preceptor-led nursing care model with staff responsibilities was implemented. Periodic evaluations ensured continued competence. Conclusion The nursing care model at Qatif Central Hospital effectively facilitated ICU surge capacity while maintaining care quality. The model offers a viable framework for other healthcare institutions facing similar challenges. However, the study is limited by its retrospective design and focus on a single institution.

Influence of distributor plate design on mixing characteristics of rice husk biomass in a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier: An experimental and CFD study

This study investigates the mixing characteristics of rice husk biomass in a bubbling fluidized bed gasifier (BFBG) using different distributor plates: perforated, 45° slotted, and hybrid plates. The study explores the fluidization characteristics of a biomass/sand mixture using three distributor plates, observing the maximum difference in initial minimum fluidization velocity (Umf,i) and final minimum fluidization velocity (Umf,f) for perforated plate, indicating axial mixing and segregation, while the 45° slotted plate represents uniform bed expansion and fluidization, and the hybrid plate exhibits an intermediate behavior. Axial and lateral biomass distribution is also studied, and it is found that with the 45° slotted plate the highest axial distribution of rice husk is observed at the lower portion due to lateral and swirling flow whereas perforated plate causes the highest deviation at the lower portion but approaches ideal mixing at the mid and upper sections due to axial dominant flow. The hybrid plate exhibits a blend of axial and lateral flows, resulting in intermediate axial distribution at lower and upper section of gasifier. Radially, the perforated plate has the highest concentration of biomass at maximum height whereas the 45° slotted plate has concentration near the walls, and the hybrid plate has optimal mixing throughout. The hybrid plate also achieves the highest mixing index at all air velocities. Overall, the study provides insights into biomass mixing in BFBGs and highlights the superior performance of the hybrid distributor plate.The CFD study also carried out to complement the experimental results in terms of pressure drop and mixing behavior by employing different distributor plats. Multiphase two fluid model (TFM) with kinetic theory of granular flow has been employed for CFD simulations with the engagement of k-epsilon turbulence model. The simulation results are in good agreement with experimental results in terms of bed pressure drop quantitatively and mixing characteristics of rice husk biomass qualitatively.

Numerical Simulation of Fluidization Behavior and Chemical Performance for Hydrochlorination of Silicon Tetrachloride in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

Exploring the fluidization behaviors and chemical performance in silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) hydrochlorination processes within a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) poses significant challenges. In this study, we developed an Eulerian-granular model (EGM) by integrating the Eulerian–Eulerian two-fluid model with the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF). The effect of fluidization velocities on the flow regime, heat transfer, and chemical reaction performance were investigated. The applicability of the simulation method and the validity of the model were confirmed through comprehensive comparisons, including the simulated values of the maximum bed expansion height (Hmax) with theoretical values derived from empirical formulas and the simulated gas temperature profile with Hsu’s experimental data. The results indicate that the present EGM can be feasible to describe the variation of the flow regime within the FBR. An increase in bed voidage over time, coinciding with transitions in the flow regime, can be observed. Particularly noteworthy was the attainment of a more uniform distribution of SiCl4 under the bubbling fluidization state. Furthermore, the FBR possess high heat transfer characteristics, and the reaction gas can reach the set temperature of the bed after entering a small distance (about 10 mm). The presence of circulating bubbles within the FBR enhances the mixing uniformity of the SiCl4 reaction gas and silicon particles, particularly in the central and upper regions of the bed under the bubbling fluidization state. As a result, the predicted highest concentration of SiHCl3 was 13.08% and the conversion rate of SiCl4 was 28.97% under the bubbling fluidization state. Our results can provide a theoretical basis for further understanding of the hydrochlorination process of SiCl4 within the FBR.

Enhancing fluidization quality of nanoparticle agglomerates by combining vibration, stirring and jet assistances

Gas fluidization is an efficient method to process nanoparticles. In this study, we employ 3D printing to fabricate a hollow stirring structure of blades with jet holes and position it in a vibrating fluidized bed to realize an integration of vibration, stirring and jetting assistance methods, without increasing structural complexity. The fluidization of SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticle agglomerates with different primary particle sizes and surface properties are investigated. The combination of vibration and stirring improves the bed expansion obviously, while a further addition of the gas jets at a velocity of a few meters per second allows a further small improvement of bed expansion. The jets slightly reduce the agglomerate size in the dense bed, the agglomerate size at the bed outlet, and the elutriation rate. By combining vibration, stirring and jets, the fluidization is enhanced while the elutriation is kept low during fluidization lasting for a few hours.

CFD Simulation of Air-Glass Beads Fluidized Bed Hydrodynamics

The hydrodynamic behaviour of air-glass beads bubbling fluidized bed reactor containing spherical glass beads is numerically studied, using OpenFoam v7 CFD software. Both Gidaspow and Syamlal-O'Brien drag models are used to calculate momentum exchange coefficients. Simulation predictions of pressure loss, bed expansion rate, and air volume fraction parameters were compared and validated using data, existing in the literature obtained experimentally and performed by other numerical softwares. Pressure loss and rate of bed expansion were calculated with relative root mean square error (RMSE) equal to 0.65 and 0.095 respectively; Syamlal-O'Brien model is considered more accurate than Gidaspow model. Hence, numerical model reliability developed on OpenFoam was also proved. The hydrodynamic aspect study of the fluidized bed reactor was then performed, to analyse the impact of inlet air velocity (U) on particles motion. It was revealed that with U increment, air and glass beads axial velocities increase in the reactor centre and decrease in the sidewalls. Thus, a greater particle bed expansion is induced and the solid particles accumulated highly on the reactor sidewalls. In general, with the increase of U, the solid volume fraction decreases from 0.63 to 0.58 observed at 0.065 m/s and 0.51 m/s, respectively.

Waste oleaster seed-derived activated carbon mixed with coarse particles of fluid catalytic cracking as a highly-efficient CO2 adsorbent at low temperatures

Activated Carbon (AC) derived from low-priced biomass materials has been identified as the efficient and cost-effective candidate for low-temperature CO2 adsorption technique performed, though suffering from limited CO2 capture capacity and heterogeneous fluidization in fluidized-bed systems have remained the main challenges for the industrialization of carbonaceous sorbents. Herein, for the first time, the novel, low-cost, and highly fluidizable carbonaceous sorbent derived from waste-based oleaster seed (OS) has been developed through mixing with cost-effective coarse fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles. Hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) which are well-known as highly efficient assistant materials for enhanced fluidization of hard-to-fluidize particles was also tested for the comparison. To determine the best activator and activator/precursor weight ratio, AC sorbent obtained from the pyrolysis of OS was prepared with two disparate activators of KOH and ZnCl2, and the activator/precursor weight ratios of 2, 3, 4, and the outcomes reveal the highest average CO2 capture capacity of 2.78 mmol/g over three successive cycles for KOH-activated sorbent with activator/precursor weight ratio of 2. This great OS-derived sorbent was mixed with different wt% of coarse FCC and SiO2 NPs to boost its fluidity; for which, the bed expansion reached from 1.6 to 3.5, at the gas velocity of 5 cm/s by mixing with 2.5 wt% FCC, similar to 2.5 wt% SiO2 NPs-assisted sample. In addition to homogeneous fluidizability, a superior multicyclic stability of 95.5% during 25 multiple adsorption/desorption cycles was also assessed. The highly cost-effective FCC-mixed OS-derived activated carbon with both enhanced fluidity and multicyclic CO2 capture activity is introduced as the low-temperature CO2 capture candidate.

Hydrodynamics of fluidized bed flotation column with a homogeneous binary mixture of steel balls

The hydrodynamics of flotation machines can significantly impact the flotation performance of fine minerals, however, those of fluidized bed flotation columns with binary particles remain poorly understood. This paper investigated the hydrodynamics of fluidized bed flotation columns such as bed pressure drop, minimum fluidization velocity, bed expansion ratio, and gas holdup. The effect of liquid velocity, gas velocity, and particle size on hydrodynamics was discussed. The hydrodynamics of fluidized beds with binary particles was compared with that of unitary particles. Results showed that the hydrodynamics of the fluidized bed with binary particles lay between the fluidized bed with large and small particles as influenced by the combination of large and small particles. A fluidized bed flotation column with binary particles demonstrates great potential in changing hydrodynamics.

Optimizing Design and Operational Parameters for Enhanced Mixing and Hydrodynamics in Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifiers: An Experimental and CFD-Based Approach

An experimental investigation of hydrodynamics of gas-solid flow is carried out by engaging different designs of air distributor plates. An analysis of three different plates, i.e., perforated, 45° slotted and novel hybrid plate, revealed the difference in pressure drop and minimum fluidization velocities (Umf) for varying input operational variables. Umf is found to be lowest for perforated and highest for 45° slotted plate, whereas pressure drop is found to be highest for 45° slotted plate and lowest for novel hybrid distributor plate. The bubbles rise velocity ratio (Umf,b/Umf,f) is noticed minimum for 45° slotted plate due to relatively larger bubbles originating from the bigger slot openings and maximum for perforated distributor plate owing to smaller bubbles with dominant axial rise. Furthermore, the bed height rise ratio (h/L) is observed as a minimum for perforated distributor and maximum for 45° slotted plate due to larger bubbles through 45° slots rupturing the bed surface, causing more bed expansion. Furthermore, CFD analysis is also carried out to observe the insight flow dynamics using the distributor plates. The simulations use a two-fluid model (TFM) and K-Epsilon turbulence models. CFD model shows promising results in agreement with the experimental results. CFD results revealed that the lower portion enhanced lateral dispersion/mixing of solid particles due to 45° angular openings of an air inlet. In contrast, the perforated plate exhibited a straight upward motion of small air bubbles, causing no radial/lateral mixing. CFD results for the hybrid plate show the mixed axial as well as lateral mixing of solids by revealing velocity distribution; therefore, the novel hybrid plate is found to be an optimum distributor plate due to its lowest pressure drop, adequate Umf, intermediary bed height rise ratio and moderate bubble rise velocity ratio across the bed.

Unlocking potential: clinical benefits of enlarging the nail bed explored through continuous W-shaped incisions

PurposeNail bed atrophy, a common condition for which conservative treatments have limited efficacy, continues to present challenges in determining the optimal surgical intervention. This study introduces a novel technique for nail bed expansion.Materials and MethodsA total of 34 patients with nail bed atrophy, selected between 2015 and 2020 (ChiCTR2000036232), were randomized into a control group (n = 17) and a surgical group (n = 17). While no specialized treatment was administered to the control group, the surgical group underwent continuous W-shaped incisions on the ventral side of the digits.ResultsFollowing a 12-month follow-up period, changes in nail bed height, width, area, esthetic satisfaction, pain levels, and tactile sensation were assessed in both groups. In the surgical group, the height, width, and area of the nail bed increased significantly by 1.50 ± 0.49 times, 1.16 ± 0.23 times, and 1.69 ± 0.60 times, respectively, compared to the preoperative measurements. The newly-formed nail plate exhibited improved esthetics, characterized by its smoothness and transparency, a marked improvement over the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this surgical approach showed significant effects, regardless of whether it was applied to fingers or toes.Conclusion:The continuous W-shaped incision technique demonstrated substantial benefits and could be a practical therapeutic approach for nail bed enlargement.

Effect of orange waste pretreatment on the fluid dynamics of spouted beds with mechanical agitation

The spouted bed has a vigorous cyclic movement of the solids and high rates of heat and mass transfer, allowing for effective contact between the different phases. However, the spouted bed may exhibit instabilities for inherently cohesive solids due to unwanted agglomeration, preferential channels, particle segregation and high energy consumption. In this context, the present work analyzed the effect of a preliminary treatment of the orange waste, through the addition of lime and mechanical pressing, on the fluid dynamics in two spouted bed configurations of same dimensions, one conventional (CSB) and the other one modified with mechanical agitation (modified mechanically spouted bed, MMSB). The preliminary treatment of the biomass allowed reducing the moisture content by 31.7%, thereby improving the movement of solids in the CSB as when the in natura (raw) biomass was loaded, as the latter underwent agglomeration until it no longer circulated. Persistent instability issues in the CBS were overcome through mechanical stirrers, which made the bed uniform by improving the movement of solids in the annular region. Furthermore, mechanical agitation allowed increasing the maximum static bed height from 21.1 to 27.0 cm, as well decreasing the air flow by up to 91.74%, since the air stream is only that required for bed expansion.

Multi-scale experimental investigation on the fluidization of Geldart B 13X zeolite particles: A comprehensive dataset for CFD validation

The fluidization of zeolite 13X in a bubbling fluidized bed was experimentally investigated. The objective is to analyze the fluidization behavior of particles in a lab-scale system with a total of 1.5 million particles, enabling accurate characterization of uncertainties. Validation datasets were generated for the fluidization process in a bench-scale rectangular unit. A comprehensive characterization of the particle properties, including size, density, coefficient of friction, coefficient of restitution, and minimum fluidization velocity, is presented using advanced diagnostic tools. Corresponding fluidized bed measurements, such as pressure drop and bed expansion, are reported under three test settings with different flow rates. The tested particles have a Sauter mean diameter of 1,345 μm and a density of 2,054 kg/m3. It is classified in Geldart group B for its vigorous bubbling and good mixing behavior. With increasing the superficial inlet velocity from 0.347 to 0.740 m/s corresponding to 1.41–3.01 Umf, where Umf = 0.2458 m/s is the minimum fluidization velocity, the particles tend to transit from bubbling flow to slug/plug flow regimes. Using high-speed imaging, bubble sizes and velocities in the pseudo-two-dimensional (2D) fluidized bed could be obtained directly. The data acquisition rate is 1200 fps, far above the quantities of interest (QoI) dominant frequency (typically below 10 Hz). The QoI obtained from this study were statistics of interface height, differential pressure, and particle velocities using particle image velocimetry. The results confirm consistency given the use of randomization and repeat in the run order as well as multiple batches of bed material. This experimental dataset can serve as a benchmark for validating numerical models and as a blind study for the multiphase flow modeling community.

Bubble dynamics properties of B-particles in a quasi-2D gas-solid fluidized bed: Computational particle fluid dynamics numerical simulation and post-processed by digital image analysis technique

Bubble dynamics properties play a crucial and significant role in the design and optimization of gas-solid fluidized beds. In this study, the bubble dynamics properties of four B-particles were investigated in a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) fluidized bed, including bubble equivalent diameter, bubble size distribution, average bubble density, bubble aspect ratio, bubble hold-up, bed expansion ratio, bubble radial position, and bubble velocity. The studies were performed by computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) numerical simulation and post-processed with digital image analysis (DIA) technique, at superficial gas velocities ranging from 2umf to 7umf. The simulated results shown that the CPFD simulation combining with DIA technique post-processing could be used as a reliable method for simulating bubble dynamics properties in quasi-2D gas-solid fluidized beds. However, it seemed not desirable for the simulation of bubble motion near the air distributor at higher superficial gas velocity from the simulated average bubble density distribution. The superficial gas velocity significantly affected the bubble equivalent diameter and evolution, while it had little influence on bubble size distribution and bubble aspect ratio distribution for the same particles. Both time-averaged bubble hold-up and bed expansion ratio increased with the increase of superficial gas velocity. Two core-annular flow structures could be found in the fluidized bed for all cases. The average bubble rising velocity increased with the increasing bubble equivalent diameter. For bubble lateral movement, the smaller bubbles might be more susceptible, and superficial gas velocity had a little influence on the absolute lateral velocity of bubbles. The simulated results presented a valuable and novel approach for studying bubble dynamics properties. The comprehensive understanding of bubble dynamics behaviors in quasi-2D gas-solid fluidized beds would provide support in the design, operation, and optimization of gas-solid fluidized bed reactors.

Development of novel waste tea-derived activated carbon promoted with SiO2 nanoparticles as highly robust and easily fluidizable sorbent for low-temperature CO2 capture

Waste-derived biomass-based sorbents being employed in many applications, e.g., post-combustion CO2 capture process, are in rising interest. This work investigates the CO2 capture technique by activated carbon (AC) derived from waste tea (WT) biomass. The synthesis protocol consists of carbonization followed by activation with KOH and NaOH, known as chemical activators, utilizing the wet impregnation method. With the aim of developing the AC sorbent fluidizable in fluidized-bed systems, an essential factor in the industrialization of the CO2 capture process, these sorbents are mixed with the easily fluidizable SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Prepared samples are characterized via SEM, EDS, BET, FTIR, and TG analysis. Based on the TG analysis assessed in three consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles, 457 %, 141 %, and 69 % higher average CO2 capture capacity is recorded for KOH-promoted AC (2.316 mmol/g) compared to raw waste tea (0.416 mmol/g), NaOH-promoted AC (0.961 mmol/g) and commercial AC (1.370 mmol/g), respectively. Fluidization experiments show that the WT-derived AC mixed with 2.5 wt% SiO2 NPs presents a 45 % higher average bed expansion ratio linked with a homogeneous and bubbleless fluidization regime than its silica-free counterpart, which presents the bubble- and channel-containing bed with a non-uniform regime. This modified sorbent shows a 9% more CO2 capture capacity (2.53 mmol/g) than the WT-derived AC and superior multicyclic stability during 25 multiple adsorption/desorption cycles.

Liquid-assisted irregular coarse particle fluidization in a fluidized bed flotation cell: Bed of low-density versus high-density particles

Fluidization can enhance coarse particle separation. Here, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling in a fluidized bed flotation cell is performed to explore the complex insights of coarse irregular particle fluidization behaviours. To address the irregular property of the particle, the classical drag model is modified by incorporating the particle’s shape factor. Simulated particle volume fraction results and experimental data using a fluidized bed flotation cell showed that the irregular particle drag models had a relative error of 3.9% which was significantly better than that of the spherical particle drag models. Thereafter, the CFD model was applied to investigate the bed of low-density irregular coarse particles, 1600 kg/m3, and high-density irregular coarse particles, 2800 kg/m3, at low and high fluidization liquid velocities. It was shown that around 1.7-fold increased density of particles and liquid fluidization velocity increased the bed expansion height roughly 1.8-fold. The time-averaged pressure, volume fraction, apparent viscosity, and velocity of particles are analyzed to explore the fluidization behaviours, particularly within the free settling regime, plug-flow regime, and dewatering zone in the fluidized bed flotation cell. There was a higher apparent viscosity in the dewatering zone than in the plug-flow mixing zone, while the highest apparent viscosity was found in the free settling zone. The outcomes of these CFD studies are significant for the flotation of coarse particles in fluidized beds.

Time-resolved X-ray study of assisted fluidization of cohesive micron powder: On the role of mechanical vibration

Mechanical vibration has been broadly used to assist fluidization of cohesive powders, because of its capability to disrupt gas channels and agglomerates. However, the improvement reported in literature is mostly deduced from bulk response and ex-situ measurements, whereas the induced fluidization behavior and underlying physics remain largely unexplored. In this work, the fluidization behavior of micron-sized cohesive silica (Sauter mean diameter D32 = 7.9 μm) has been investigated experimentally under vibration of varying conditions. X-ray imaging was carried out to directly capture the temporal evolution of system hydrodynamics, and identify in-situ powder stratification, bubbling and channel formation. The study demonstrates that vibration effectively collapses gas channels, yet facilitates powder stratification and compaction, therefore developing three distinctive flow regions inside the bed with different fluidization states. Consequently, common measurements, such as pressure drop and bed expansion, tend to overestimate the improvement. In addition, increasing frequency, from 10 Hz to 30 Hz, is observed to increase the number of bubbles by 60 %, whereas a large amplitude (e.g., 2 mm) leads to a 10 % compaction in the top flow region.

A hybrid drag model for studying hydrodynamics in a 2D gas-solid tapered fluidized bed

The present work proposes a hybrid drag model by combining homogeneous Ergun correlation and heterogeneous bubble-based drag formulation. The predictions of bubble size, bubble fraction, bed expansion ratio, particulate fluidized area fraction, and solid volume fraction in a 2D gas-solid tapered fluidized bed using the hybrid, Gidaspow, and Energy Minimization Multi-Scale (EMMS) drag models have been compared with the experimental results. The hybrid drag model predicts these parameters closer to the experimental findings. A heterogeneous flow structure has been observed in simulations similar to experiments for the tapered fluidized bed. The bed shows larger solid volume fraction values near its periphery compared to its center. The solid particles show a central-upward and peripheral-downward flow pattern in the tapered fluidized bed.

Prediction of the bed expansion of a liquid fluidized bed bioreactor applied to wastewater treatment and biogas production

The high potential of water treatment and biogas production systems using liquid fluidization is still underexplored. The design of this equipment is usually done using the simple Richardson-Zaki equation for bed expansion predictions, which is powerful but overlooks the interactions between fluid and particles. In this work, an alternative method based on a force balance on the bed and drag correlations to estimate the bed porosity was proposed. The accuracy of the methods was assessed by comparing bed porosity estimations with experiments carried out in a wide range of regimes (Reynolds numbers between 498 and 18664), using 7 different particles with various diameters (2.66 to 6.37 mm) and densities (1022 to 3585 kg/m3). On average, the fitting between the Richardson-Zaki equation and the experimental results was improved by 60% when the wall effects were considered. The alternative approach using the drag correlations showed promising results, presenting a coefficient of determination higher than 80% for all particles, and better precision in 4 out of the 7 particles compared to Richardson-Zaki. The results show that, in general, both the Richardson-Zaki equation and the drag correlation approach can be used to predict the liquid fluidized bed expansion. However, the proposed approach using drag correlations showed more reliable results, especially when the Rong drag model was applied, with an average coefficient of determination of 0.92. Comparisons with other results in the literature confirm the extent and the scalability of the method. The use of the proposed method to estimate the liquid fluidized bed expansion allows for easier and safer applicability of the technology in areas such as wastewater treatment and biogas production.

Study of Fluidization Behavior Transition from Geldart B to A Induced by High Temperature Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography

The transition of the fluidization behavior of Geldart B particles to that of A particles induced by temperature change was investigated by a developed high-temperature electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor. Silica particles with a Sauter mean diameter of 237 μm and density of 2650 kg/m3, typically Geldart B particles under ambient conditions, were fluidized in a column of 5.5 cm from 20 to 600 °C. With the increase in temperature, ECT measurements showed a decrease in minimum bubbling velocity (Umb), no bed expansion characteristic in the homogeneous fluidization regime, an absence of multiple-bubbles regime, and a larger bubble size. The pressure drop against superficial gas velocity curves at elevated temperatures confirmed homogeneous fluidization between the minimum fluidization velocity (Umf) and Umb. Our analysis demonstrates that cohesive interparticle forces, which increase linearly with temperature, are responsible for the fluidization behavior transition of the silica particles.

In-depth validation of unresolved CFD-DEM simulations of liquid fluidized beds

In this work, we assess the accuracy of the unresolved CFD-DEM method by confronting simulated and experimental results of a pilot-scale cylindrical liquid–solid fluidized bed. We used two types of particles with significantly different densities (1029 and 3586 kgm−3), allowing for testing a wide range of flow regimes. Comparisons between experimental and simulated particles’ dynamics show that the Saffman lift force is essential in predicting the physical dispersion of particles, preventing unphysical plumes. Simulations precisely reproduced the overall force balance in the system. The bed expansion as a function of the inlet velocity results show excellent agreement between simulations and experiments. High agreement between experiments and simulations is observed for the drag models proposed by Di Felice, Rong, and Beetstra but not for Gidaspow. The results validate the use of unresolved CFD-DEM to simulate the liquid–solid fluidized bed.

Experimental investigation on the effect of superficial gas velocity on bubble dynamics properties of B particles in gas–solid fluidized bed reactor using digital image analysis technique

The bubble dynamics properties in gas–solid particle system play a crucial role in the design and optimization of gas–solid fluidized beds, and are significantly influenced by superficial gas velocity. In present study, the effect of superficial gas velocity on bubble dynamics properties in a classical B particle system were investigated at gas velocity ranging from (0.41 to 0.59) m·s−1 with umf = 0.067 m·s−1 in a quasi-two dimensional (quasi-2D) fluidized bed domain, including bubble equivalent diameter, bubble size distribution, bubble density, aspect ratio, bubble hold-up, bed expansion ratio, bubble rising and lateral velocity. Those were derived from the taken image by digital image analysis (DIA) technique. The results show that superficial gas velocity has a significant effect on the bubble equivalent diameter, while it has little effect on bubble size distribution (BSD), average bubble density distribution and bubble aspect ratio distribution for the same particle system. Both time-averaged bed expansion ratio and bubble hold-up increase with the increase of superficial gas velocity under the range of gas velocity in this work. Two uniform core-annular flows form in the bed for all cases. The bubble rising velocity coefficients of developed correlation range from 0.69 to 1.00. For bubble lateral movement, smaller bubbles may be more susceptible, and superficial gas velocity has a little influence on the absolute lateral velocity of bubbles. Overall understanding the effect of gas velocity on bubbles dynamics properties is good for the design and optimization of fluidized bed reactors, leading to the better process outcomes and performance.