Beautiful Building Research Articles

An Idiosyncratic Overview on the History of Christian Churches and its Architecture in Lahore

This study is an attempt to explore, investigate and analyze the origin, growth, development and history of Christian churches and its architecture in Lahore. It further encapsulates that Churches in Pakistan are not only an inescapable feature of the landscape of our major cities and town; they elegantly portray the religious diversity and well-being of our vibrant Christian minority. It also navigates that their distinctive architecture attracts the locals and tourist alike. This research work presents fact finding analysis that the Christian churches are not just the beautiful building. They are an important part of our cultural history, mostly well preserved and documented. They tell the story of the colonial rulers and the Christians in this part of the world. The new churches demonstrate a happy blend of modern and indigenous trends and stand in harmony with the surroundings like the communities who share a common history, a common culture and collective aspirations as Pakistanis.

Chișinău from 1919 in the Travel Notes of the American John Kaba and the French Emmanuel de Martonne

The article points out the representations that the city of Chișinău had shortly after the Union of Bessarabia with Romania in the notes written by the American John Kaba and the French Emmanuel de Martonne. Westerners visited it in 1919, and their descriptions and information were intended to inform the people of their countries on various aspects, from economic to political and cultural. Although they aimed to make a study, their representations were not always dry, involving aesthetic attitudes. We believe that some passages fix representative and synthetic images of the period, thus enriching the imagological collection of the capital of interwar Bessarabia. For example, Emmanuel de Martonne saw a Chișinău with wide streets intersecting at right angles, beautiful buildings and parks, with shops and museums. This vision proved, according to him, a modern European urban sensibility.

GRAD PEĆ U PERIODU IZMEĐU DVA SVETSKA RATA

In the period between the two world wars, Peć was one of the few cities in Kosovo and Metohija (the others were Prizren, Priština and Kosovska Mitrovica). This city was a combination of modern and traditional, it had new, beautiful buildings but also classic minarets, ancient churches, the sevdah of Sarajevo and the Bey’s residences, towers like the castles of the counts, and streams ran through every courtyard in Peć. Muslims, who were the main bearers of the Turkish-Eastern culture, were of the greatest importance for the appearance of Peć, the way of life and work of the population. Later, the town began to be arranged under the influence of European culture. Peć was famous for goldsmithing, especially for the production of filigree works from gold and silver, the production of beautiful silk fabrics and carpets, which have been compared to Pirot carpets. Local merchants exported livestock, livestock products, and imported manufactured goods and colonial goods. The railroad was of inestimable economic importance. In my paper, I will review the history of the city of Peć in the period between the two world wars with the help of historical sources, literature and the press. For the history of the Serbs, the city of Peć is very important as the seat of patriarchs and medieval Serbian culture, a mirror of architectural art and the cradle of the Serbian empire.

Church as a Geo-historic Archive -A Case Study of Greater Mumbai

The church is the center of Christian devotion and reflects local beliefs, practices and traditions. Ornate buildings and beautiful buildings sometimes become important landmarks of the world. These monuments echo the diversity of the region and often reflect local art, skill, and decoration. Churches serve as archives of history. Conservation and restoration is a commitment to preserving the cultural heritage of the future. Conservation activities include testing, documentation, treatment, and conservation protection, supported by research and education. The magnificent buildings of Greater Mumbai face a variety of challenges and are in dire need of a cost-effective discipline system. The precious places of worship of Mumbai should be celebrated and revered as spiritual centers and permanent places in our communities. Today, the owners of precious places of worship face many challenges. These may include parishioner’s declines, decreasing salaries, and increasing prices, outdated materials, civic security and approachability, accommodation burdens, adjustment to new features of reverence, and a change in approach. Spiritual areas are significant as they are storehouses of cultural inheritance and cater to the spiritual requirements of society at large. The current paper highlights the geo-history of Greater Mumbai and the importance of churches in the construction of the city sky. This paper is an attempt to instill a sense of heritage management and to honor these historical symbols in the minds of young people. It focuses on finding sustainable solutions to the survival of these historical wonders.

Istorijat i značaj Vojne bolnice u Kragujevcu

he Military Hospital in Kragujevac, with its turbulent history and rich military medical documentation, represents one of the most important institutions of the 19th and 20th centuries. Throughout its history, it has been home to a whole array of excellent nurses, doctors, and surgeons who, through their dedication, contributed to the hospital's reputation in the city and the country. From the moment in the 1830s when the idea of its formation began to emerge, only a few could have foreseen that it would become one of the most significant military hospitals in the country. The first military hospitals in Kragujevac, which were predecessors to the Šumadija Permanent Military Hospital, were quickly closed, often due to a lack of doctors and hospital equipment. Furthermore, the 1830s and 1840s were still marked by folk medicine, primitivism, and charlatans (soothsayers, fortune-tellers, quacks, and the like). It was only with the Law on the Organization of the Ministry of War in 1864 that the establishment of the Permanent Military Hospital in Kragujevac was foreseen. This undoubtedly marked a turning point in the establishment of the Military Hospital because immediately after the enactment of this law, the project for constructing a modern building with all the necessary hospital furniture and medical equipment for treating soldiers began. The construction of the hospital building lasted for three years, and as soon as it opened, it started treating and caring for patients (both military and civilian). The hospital was staffed by significant surgeons and doctors (Leonard Lontki- jevic, Đorđe Đoka Vladisavljevic, Lazar Gencic, Roman Sondermajer, Moša Eli, Milorad Glišić, and many others). Throughout its existence, the hospital underwent several reorganizations and professional expansions (which significantly influenced its reputation). It treated soldiers from the front lines of the Serbian-Turkish War, which took place from 1876 to 1878, as well as soldiers and wounded from the Balkan Wars and both World Wars. As one of the four most important military hospitals (the other three were in Belgrade, Niš, and Požarevac), the hospital collaborated with various humanitarian organizations and actively participated in the treatment and rescue of soldiers. When the Second World War ended in 1945 with the Allied victory, the Military Hospital in Kragujevac continued its operations (surgery was very advanced), and Kragujevac became a modern industrial and university city. The hospital continued its active work until its closure in 1957 when the construction of a new hospital building began, following the idea of Đorđe Vulkan, the hospital's director during the Second World War. Today, the Kragujevac Military Hospital represents an important part of national and local history with special historical significance. Besides its architectural value (it was one of the most beautiful buildings in the city at the end of the 19th century), the Military Hospital was a key medical center for military and civilian patients during the Balkan Wars and especially in World War I. From the perspective of the development of the medical profession, a host of significant Serbian doctors originated from the Military Hospital, including Dr. Mosa Eli, a Jew after whom Clinic 4 is named today. At one point, it was also a significant center for Serbian surgery, where excellent surgeons trained abroad practiced. Its doctors participated in the First Congress of Serbian Physicians and Naturalists in Belgrade, which was an important step in its local and regional reputation. All of this has given the Military Library in Kragujevac a distinctive silhouette of a military-medical institution with great historical, architectural, and cultural significance. As an institution with a rich history, the Kragujevac Military Hospital deserves attention and respect from both us and future generations. From its inception to the present day, it has gone through a long and challenging journey through several wars fought by the Serbian people. Alongside it, healthcare and healthcare institutions in the Šumadija region and the entire region have started and gradually developed. The Kragujevac Military Hospital has had a significant impact in the fields of military and civilian medicine. Through the provision of healthcare to soldiers, the advancement of medical practice, humanitarian work, and serving as a symbol of remembrance, the hospital has played a crucial role in Serbia's healthcare system and society.

A Hybrid FMCDM Approach for the Evaluation and Selection of Homestays.

Due to the beautiful rural scenery, rural tourism has gradually become a popular trend as affected by urbanization in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to develop an objective and systematic evaluation model for homestay selection in Taiwan. Specifically, this study combines three fuzzy multiple-criteria decision-making (FMCDM) methods of means-end chain (MEC), fuzzy decision making and trial evaluation laboratory (FDEMATEL), and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). First, we use MEC to obtain important factors for homestay travelers to choose homestays, then we extract key influencing factors by FDEMATEL method, and finally, we rank these factors in importance by FAHP to provide travelers and managers with a reference. In addition, this study combines fuzzy theory to avoid the bias caused by human subjective judgment, so as to solve the problem of objectivity in the selection and evaluation model of homestay criteria. According to the results of our case studies, a clean environment, professional service staff, safe facilities and beautiful buildings are the key factors for consumers to choose homestays. The results of this study can provide a reference for homestay managers to understand the priorities of travelers and optimize customer service in Taiwan.

Laura Marcus (7 March 1956–22 September 2021)

Laura Marcus (7 March 1956–22 September 2021)

A STUDY OF LIGHT HIERARCHY IMPACTS IN MOSQUES: A CASE STUDY OF MASJID WAZIR KHAN, LAHORE

Light has always been an icon of magnificent and mystical interplay with architectural spaces. Our built monopoly utilizes natural Light in such a manner that specifies meaningful experience to the spatial design. Light is a supreme element in Islamic architecture that symbolizes supremacy and knowledge, forcing humans to relate to spiritual experience just by being in sacred spaces. The built environment, however, should indicate this worldly Light as depicting paradise, a believable phenomenon even mentioned in our religious manuscripts. Usually, the focus was on the design elements of spatial planning of these built structures, yet other modifying design elements are used better to attain ecstasy and Light is one of them. Almost every religious building in the world has some wonders and depiction that makes them beautiful and recognizable across the globe. Hence Pakistan also has many beautiful buildings with glorious Islamic backgrounds focusing on Light. The Mosque, a perfect symbol of Islamic architecture, has a beautiful play of Light inside that reminds of the holy verses. This study focuses on the play of lights used in mosques as the best manifestation of Islamic architecture based on investigations through descriptive and explorative data for analyses. The study was carried out through a case study of the Wazir Khan Mosque, which is beautifully articulated with hierarchical lighting used to enhance Light's impacts for exploring the lighted spaces. The research findings are that the light display in the various parts of the mosques is beautifully intricated in such a manner as not only those parts keep the Mosque well lit for the Devoutes like the central courtyard, Inner chamber that uses Light in a way that the identification of a place that leaves the user with sense holiness. Keywords: Mosque, Light, Islamic architecture, Pakistan, Lahore, Masjid Wazir Khan.

CEGŁA WE WSPÓŁCZESNYCH ROZWIĄZANIACH ARCHITEKTONICZNYCH, PRZYKŁAD GÓRNEGO ŚLĄSKA

This article presents analyses how the perception of a brick as an architectural form in Upper Silesia has changed over the decades. Not only global trends have changed, but also macro and micro-regional trends. Universality of a brick is due to the fact that for centuries it has been considered the most outstanding material from which the most beautiful buildings in the world were created. Nowadays, brick is no longer used only for construction purposes, but more and more often its use is visible in the facade finishing elements. This detail turned into a more openwork, spatial and geometric form. Silesian architects, wishing to contribute to architecture and art, began to experiment in designing with the use of bricks, with respect for the culture and traditions of the region. Many analogies can be found in the colours of the newly created objects, referring to the local culture.

To the 125th anniversary of Khabarovsk Railway College: the formative years

The study is devoted to the first two decades of the existence of the Khabarovsk Technical Railway School. It was created during the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, and is intended to provide personnel for its eastern section — the Ussuri Railway. At present, the legal successor of the school is the Khabarovsk Technical School of Railway Transport.The problems of recruiting the commanding staff before 1917 are outlined, brief biographies of the first three heads of the school, who played a huge role in its formation, are given. Separately, the issues of staffing the teaching corps, which consisted of staff teachers and engineers involved in production, mainly from the Ussuriysk railway, were considered. The conditions for the recruitment of students and the order of their training are given; a brief description of the social composition of students. A detailed list of taught disciplines is shown, including not only general education, but also special subjects. The practical orientation of the work of the educational institution, which graduated mid-level specialists for the track and traction departments, is noted. The system of educational work in the school, which was based on Orthodoxy, has been investigated. Great importance was attached to the material support of the educational process: the school had a beautiful two-story building for its time.

АМИР ТЕМУР ВА ТЕМУРИЙЛАР ДАВРИДА БУХОРОДА ДЕҲҚОНЧИЛИК ХЎЖАЛИГИНИНГ РИВОЖЛАНИШ ТАРИХИДАН

Based on the analysis of historical sources and literature, the article reveals the development of agriculture in the Bukhara oasis and the growth of the economic potential of the oasis during the reign of Amir Temur and the Temurids. The article also examines the factors influencing the development of agriculture in Bukhara during the reign of Amir Temur and the Temurids: the policy of centralization in the country, the construction of many beautiful administrative, educational and public buildings in the central cities of Movarounnahr and Scientifically studied that the construction of gardens, irrigation networks from rivers and streams, the development of thousands of hectares of nature reserves and gray lands, the expansion of irrigated agricultural land are directly related to the history of Bukhara’s agriculture

Http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/178

There is no doubt that there is no corner of civilization in which Muslims have not made significant progress. But most of his accomplishments are reflected in the architecture and its supporting arts. The one and a half thousand year history of Islam is in fact the history of the rise of Islamic architecture. Muslims decorated a large part of the world with beautiful buildings in different periods of their rule. Thus, at different times, Islamic architecture took different forms. Among them, there is diversity due to the differences in the country and the buildings, which is due to the climate, environment and construction issues of this country. But despite this, there is unity and continuity in Islamic architecture. This is a feature of Islamic civilization. In spite of their diversity, Islamic civilization has allowed fusion in all of them, which we call Islamic colors. And the basic element of this unity was the Islamic faith which united the different nations in this one faith. Due to which, whatever religious buildings are built in any part of the world in the future, they are all the same, which was not affected by time and distance. Every building has its own uniqueness. These Islamic buildings have a deep Muslim imprint. This is due to the architectural style and decorative carvings of these buildings and these carvings have a spiritual aspect which has its own distinct identity of Islamic architecture. At the same time, it is a valuable asset that still reflects Islamic civilization. In our article, we have examined this unity of Islamic architecture in a cultural context.

Buchach – a city at the meeting point of different national narratives

Our article presents three different historic narratives of the city of Buchach in former Eastern Galicia, a Polish, Jewish and Ukrainian one, according to the city’s mixed population, consisting of a larger Jewish, a smaller Polish and a still smaller Ukrainian group. The Polish historic narrative is represented by Sadok Barącz’s book “Pamiątki buczackie”, the Ukrainian one by the Historical and Memoiristical Collection “The City of Buchach and its Region”, compiled by emigration writers, and the Jewish narrative by Y.S. Agnon’s “A City in its Fulness”. These sources provide different ways of presenting history, sometimes converging and sometimes diverging from each other, which is illustrated by the depiction of selected historic events: the siege of the city by Chmelnicki’s troops in 1648, the role of the city in the Polish-Turkish war of 1672, the importance of Austrian rule since 1772 for the city, and the city’s fate in the time of World War I and immediately after the war. Our comparison of the above three historic narratives ends with the re-evaluation of the figure of Mikołaj Potocki, Polish nobleman, who today is held in high esteem by Ukrainian historians of art because of his function as a founder of the most beautiful buildings in Buchach and a sponsor of famous artists, creators of these architectural monuments. He is seen as a mediator between the Polish and Ukrainian tradition.

Spirituality in a Time of Pandemic

Because there is such uncertainty about where the world is going and about how long the pandemic will seriously impact on our lives it is easy to become anxious, fearful, or depressed [ ]the pandemic has brought out both the worst and the best in human behaviour In terms of my present situation in London, the nearest religious building is the local Anglican church of All Saints, a beautiful neo-Gothic building next to the River Thames and roughly ten minutes from our house See PDF ] The two other spiritual responses that I have found most helpful have been listening to music and reading a number of spiritual books and classic texts

Róth Miksa szecessziós üvegablakai a Debreceni Egyetem Reumatológiai Tanszékén

Róth Miksa (1865–1944) üvegfestő és mozaik művész jelentősen hozzájárult a debreceni egyetem épületeinek szépségéhez a 20. század első felében. Leghíresebb itteni munkáiként az egyetem Aulájában található és a 2012-ben felújított öt nagy üvegablakot tartják számon. Azonban az egyetem többi épületén is rajta hagyta keze nyomát. Ezen munkák azonban szinte kivétel nélkül elpusztultak. Kivételt csupán a volt Sebészeti Klinika alagsorában felfedezett és 2018-ban onnan kiemelt három üvegablak képez

Rad Osnovne škole "Branko Radičević" u Kosovskoj Mitrovici i uspeh na kraju 2016/2017. i 2017/2018. školske godine

Primary school in Kosovska Mitrovica under its current name 'Branko Radicevic' was founded in 1920. It has had successful development in every aspect of education ever since. The school built of solid material with four classrooms and one staffroom was erected by Kosovska Mitrovica citizen's donations. After its completion it turned out to be one of most beautiful buildings in this town. After the World War II it was named as 'Prva osnovna skola' (The First Serbian primary school). Due to the number rise of children and the fact the existing facilities were insufficient a new school was built in Lisic Polje. The school was renamed in 1956 as 'Branko Radicevic' after the famous poet from the Serbian Romantic period. The school is nearing anniversary of a century long successful work. During that time a numerous number of generations of pupils went to the school.

A Study on the Choice Attributes and Satisfaction of Pension by Self Image Type

Purpose &#8211; The purpose of this study is to identify the optional attributes that are important factors in visiting the pension after segmenting the market by self-image type for tourists who visited the pension in Jeju Island. The relations between with the demographic characteristics, tourism patterns, and the degree of satisfaction are analyzed. In addition, through this, the direction of Jeju pension business are offered for proper marketing establishment of future pension business. Research design, data, and methodology - The data was collected by convenience sampling method. The survey was conducted for pension lodge visitors among Jeju tourists. The questionnaire was designed and distributed to the visitors by self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) .The survey was proceeded from August 16, 2019 to August 23, 2019. A total of 330 copies were distributed and 313 copies were used for analysis. Frequency analysis was performed to identify the general characteristics of the sample. Factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted to verify the reliability and validity of the attractive factors of tourist destinations. Results &#8211; According to the cross-analysis between selfimage type and demographic characteristics, there was a significant difference between groups by sex, age and occupation, but there was no difference between groups by household monthly average income. According to the location of tourist attractions, beautiful building design, and various accommodations, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) through the one-way dispersion analysis and post-assessment among the tourist attraction selection attributes by the self-image type of Jeju tourist visitors. In terms of facilities, colorful event shows, good access, historical attractions, and friendly staff, there were significant differences among the communities. Conclusions - This study was performed a cluster analysis on factors by self-image type for tourists visiting Jeju Pension, and tried to grasp the intention of revisit according to the demographic characteristics, pension selection attributes, and visitor s satisfaction. In order to increase satisfaction, efforts should be made to enhance the selectivity, perceived value, and self-efficacy of tourism. Most of the factors that are shown to be important to the tourists can be used for policy and marketing planning for Jeju tourism development in the future.

A Multisensory, Green, and Energy Efficient Housing Neuromarketing Method

Green products, clean energy, energy union, green buildings, eco-innovations, environment-related, and similar initiatives and policies have become very popular and widely applied all over the world. A pleasant built environment (parks, flowerbeds, beautiful buildings) and a repulsive environment (noise, polluted surroundings) influence a buyer’s outlook on an advertisement differently. An aesthetic, comfortable, and clean built environment evokes positive emotional states, not only at the time of housing selection and purchase but during the building’s life cycle as well. Potential housing buyers always feel comfortable in certain built environments, and they are inclined to spend more time there. The issues needing answers are how to measure the segmentation/physiological indicators (crowd composition by gender and age groups), as well as the emotional (happy, sad, angry, valence) and physiological (heart rate) states of potential homebuyers realistically, to produce an integrated evaluation of such data and offer buyers rational, green, and energy efficient housing alternatives. To achieve this purpose, the Multisensory, green and energy efficient housing neuromarketing method was developed to generate the necessary conditions. Here, around 200 million multisensory data recordings (emotional and physiological states) were accumulated, and the environmental air pollution (CO, NO2, PM10, volatile organic compounds) and noise pollution were investigated. Specific green and energy efficient building case studies appear in this article to demonstrate the developed method clearly. The obtained research results are in line with those from previous and current studies, which state that the interrelation of environmental responsiveness and age forms an inverse U and that an interest in green and energy efficient housing depends on age.

Thematic analysis of marketing messages in UK universities’ prospectuses

PurposeProspective students are exposed to abundant choices, and they are eagerly searching for information to select the best universities for themselves. Likewise, prospectuses are regularly produced by universities to meet this information needs; the purpose of this paper is to examine the key marketing messages used in their prospectuses.Design/methodology/approachThe 2017 undergraduate prospectuses of 121 universities in the UK (out of the 134 members of University UK) were thematically analysed using NVivo10.FindingsMessages were predominantly about the location, the course, student experience, credibility and career progression. They are framed in an appealing way, filled with facts and figures, images of beautiful buildings and smiling students, testimonials of facilities and experiences that form a sense of compatibility and belonging.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides insights for the higher educational institutions to enhance their future marketing communications strategies in terms of effectively differentiating one university from another by highlighting the predominantly used appeals among 121 prospectuses and the need for adopting a more consistent approach between the clearing period and non-clearing period in terms of designing the prospectuses. This study has considered only the print platform, and therefore future studies should also look at social media and university websites in the context of the integrated marketing communications.Practical implicationsAccurate and coherent narratives should be provided, taking into consideration the diverse nature of target audience. Universities need to realise that they can be held responsible for the promises presented in their prospectuses. Using the city appeal by many universities may be challenging, as there is need to attract students not just to the city itself, but to the university’s campus.Originality/valueHaving a significantly larger sample than any other previous studies in this field, the empirical evidence provided in this paper is rich and in-depth, thanks to the size and age of the sample as well as the integrated and combined methodological approach. Five keys themes with sub-themes, descriptions and examples were provided, suitable for future research in higher education marketing.

Cover Picture: A Stepwise Annulation for the Transformation of Cyclic Ketones to Fused 6 and 7‐Membered Cyclic Enimines and Enones (Chin. J. Chem. 4/2019)

The cover picture shows a typical building within the Campus of Xiamen University displaying Chen Jiageng (Tan Kah Kee)'s style. Just like many beautiful buildings designed and constructed by human, Nature “designs and constructs” a huge number of useful molecules with fascinating structures called natural products. Many natural products possess a fused six or seven‐membered carbocyclic unity. On page 315–322, the Huang's group disclosed a three‐step “[2+n]” annulation method for the construction of fused six and seven‐membered carbocyclic enimines and enones. The method starts from simple cyclic ketones and terminal olefinic amides, and relies on both the Suzuki coupling reaction and the olefin‐amide based Friedel‐Crafts type acylating reaction, a method developed by Huang and coworkers. image