Baxterization Approach Research Articles

Exploring the Meaning of Sexuality, the Body, and Identity After Birth Using Feminist Poststructuralism

ObjectiveTo explore how sexual health in the postpartum period is influenced by and negotiated through relations of power. DesignDiscourse analysis informed by feminist poststructuralism. SettingTelephone interviews conducted in Nova Scotia, Canada. ParticipantsEleven women who gave birth in the last 1 to 6 months and lived in Nova Scotia. MethodsWe recruited participants through social media and invited them to share their experiences after birth through individual interviews. Using Baxter’s approach to discourse analysis, we focused on identifying how participants created meaning within their experiences. ResultsWe identified two main themes: Negotiating Change and Renegotiating Identity. Participants defined their bodies in new ways that could be sexual and/or nonsexual and created new meaning(s) of their identities as mothers and as sexual beings after birth. ConclusionThe meaning of the body and identity are intricately connected and significantly affect how sexual health is experienced by women during the first 6 months after birth. As such, it is critical that care providers prioritize, acknowledge, and validate how women in the postpartum period choose to define their sexuality, identity, and bodies to ensure the provision of person-centered care.

Dynamics of quantum Fisher information in the two-qubit systems constructed from the Yang–Baxter matrices

By using the quantum Yang–Baxterization approach to the three different Hamiltonians, we investigate the behavior of the quantum Fisher information (QFI) under the actions of these Hamiltonians on the different two-qubit input states and by estimating the meaningful parameter $$\varphi $$ . We address the overall estimation properties by evaluating the QFI for the whole system undergone different unitary evolution. The results show that the behavior of the QFI depends on the choice of the initial states. Choosing the optimal input states can improve the precision of quantum parameter estimation. On the other hand, we also focus on the dynamical evolution of QFI to distinguish Markovianity and non-Markovianity of the process by adopting the flow of QFI as the quantitative measure for the information flow. We show that the Hamiltonians constructed with Yang–Baxter matrices influence the dynamics of the system in the sense of the Markovianity and non-Markovianity. In certain ranges of parameters, we observe that dynamical evolutions of the systems show non-Markovian behavior in which the information flows from the environment to the system.

An in-depth evaluation of accuracy and precision in Hg isotopic analysis via pneumatic nebulization and cold vapor generation multi-collector ICP-mass spectrometry

Mercury (Hg) isotopic analysis via multi-collector inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) can provide relevant biogeochemical information by revealing sources, pathways, and sinks of this highly toxic metal. In this work, the capabilities and limitations of two different sample introduction systems, based on pneumatic nebulization (PN) and cold vapor generation (CVG), respectively, were evaluated in the context of Hg isotopic analysis via MC-ICP-MS. The effect of (i) instrument settings and acquisition parameters, (ii) concentration of analyte element (Hg), and internal standard (Tl)-used for mass discrimination correction purposes-and (iii) different mass bias correction approaches on the accuracy and precision of Hg isotope ratio results was evaluated. The extent and stability of mass bias were assessed in a long-term study (18 months, n = 250), demonstrating a precision ≤0.006% relative standard deviation (RSD). CVG-MC-ICP-MS showed an approximately 20-fold enhancement in Hg signal intensity compared with PN-MC-ICP-MS. For CVG-MC-ICP-MS, the mass bias induced by instrumental mass discrimination was accurately corrected for by using either external correction in a sample-standard bracketing approach (SSB) or double correction, consisting of the use of Tl as internal standard in a revised version of the Russell law (Baxter approach), followed by SSB. Concomitant matrix elements did not affect CVG-ICP-MS results. Neither with PN, nor with CVG, any evidence for mass-independent discrimination effects in the instrument was observed within the experimental precision obtained. CVG-MC-ICP-MS was finally used for Hg isotopic analysis of reference materials (RMs) of relevant environmental origin. The isotopic composition of Hg in RMs of marine biological origin testified of mass-independent fractionation that affected the odd-numbered Hg isotopes. While older RMs were used for validation purposes, novel Hg isotopic data are provided for the latest generations of some biological RMs.

QUANTUM CORRELATIONS IN THE "q-DEFORMED" WERNER STATE

We investigate quantum discord of the "q-deformed" Werner state via Yang–Baxterization approach. There are two parameters q and u in this "q-deformed" Werner state. The parameter u, which plays an important role in some typical models, is related to the probability of the "q-deformed" two-qubit spin singlet state in this study. The "q-deformed" parameter q is related to the single loop through d = q + q-1. When topological parameter d approaches 2 (i.e. q → 1), the "q-deformed" Werner state degenerates into the well-known Werner state. The results show that topological parameter d has great influence on quantum correlations of the "q-deformed" Werner state. When we fix the parameter u, the quantum correlations decrease with increasing the single loop d. When d approaches +∞ (i.e. q → 0+or +∞), quantum discord, geometric measure of quantum discord and entanglement all tend to 0. While d approaches 2 (i.e. q → 1), all of them just have the same results with the Werner state.

A 9 × 9 matrix representation of Temperley-Lieb algebra and corresponding entanglement

We present the matrix U. The 9 × 9 U matrix is a representation of specialized Temperley—Lieb algebra. Based on which, a unitary Ř matrix is generated via the Yang—Baxterization approach. The 9 × 9 Ř matrix, a solution of the Yang—Baxter equation, is universal for quantum entanglement.

Birman–Wenzl–Murakami algebra, topological parameter and Berry phase

In this paper, a 3 × 3-matrix representation of Birman---Wenzl---Murakami (BWM) algebra has been presented. Based on which, unitary matrices A(?, ? 1, ? 2) and B(?, ? 1, ? 2) are generated via Yang---Baxterization approach. A Hamiltonian is constructed from the unitary B(?, ?) matrix. Then we study Berry phase of the Yang---Baxter system, and obtain the relationship between topological parameter and Berry phase.

A 9 × 9 Matrix Representation of Birman—Wenzl—Murakami Algebra and Berry Phase in Yang—Baxter System

We present a 9 × 9 S-matrix and E-matrix. A representation of specialized Birman—Wenzl—Murakami algebra is obtained. Starting from the given braid group representation S-matrix, we obtain the trigonometric solution of Yang-Baxter equation. A unitary matrix Ř(x, ϕ1,ϕ2) is generated via the Yang—Baxterization approach. Then we construct a Yang—Baxter Hamiltonian through the unitary matrix Ř(x, ϕ1,ϕ2). Berry phase of this Yang—Baxter system is investigated in detail.

Dentin wetting by three adhesive systems: Influence of etching time, temperature and relative humidity

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the wetting properties of three adhesives systems on etched dentin surfaces submitted to a brief air-drying procedure, as in clinical conditions. The influence of two clinical parameters (surface temperature and surrounding hygrometry) on wetting was investigated. Methods Two total-etch adhesives (Excite™ Vivapen and Adper™ Scothbond 1XT) and one self-etching adhesive (GC-G Bond™) were used. Superficial and deep dentin slice were obtained from six caries-free extracted third molars. Before the adhesive deposition, the dentin samples were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for different time durations. The surface topography was characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations and the wetting properties of dentin were studied by contact angle measurements. Results Unlike clinical expectations, the contact angles increased with the acid exposure time, and consequently with both surface roughness and the organic–mineral ratio of the dentin components. The wetting properties were clearly more sensitive to the surrounding relative humidity than the temperature. The contact angles values were reduced by about 50% when the relative humidity increased from 37% to 80% and by about 15% when the temperature was raised from 25 °C to 37 °C. Conclusion Acid-etched dentin exposed to a brief air-drying appears as the key parameter to control the wetting properties of total-etch adhesive–dentin systems. The experimental results seem to be well described by the Cassie–Baxter approach, and suggest that dentinal tubules through an adhesive repellent contribution should account for the observed wettability decreases.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING BRAID GROUP REPRESENTATION AND ENTANGLEMENT IN A 9 × 9 YANG–BAXTER SYSTEM

In this paper, we present reducible representation of the n2 braid group representation which is constructed on the tensor product of n-dimensional spaces. Specifically, it is shown that via a combining method, we can construct more n2 dimensional braiding S-matrices which satisfy the braid relations. By Yang–Baxterization approach, we derive a 9 × 9 unitary [Formula: see text]-matrix according to a 9 × 9 braiding S-matrix we have constructed. The entanglement properties of [Formula: see text]-matrix is investigated, and the arbitrary degree of entanglement for two-qutrit entangled states can be generated via [Formula: see text]-matrix acting on the standard basis.

Entanglement and Berry phase in a 9 × 9 Yang–Baxter system

A M-matrix which satisfies the Hecke algebraic relations is presented. Via the Yang---Baxterization approach, we obtain a unitary solution $${\breve{R}(\theta,\varphi_{1},\varphi_{2})}$$ of Yang---Baxter equation. It is shown that any pure two-qutrit entangled states can be generated via the universal $${\breve{R}}$$ -matrix assisted by local unitary transformations. A Hamiltonian is constructed from the $${\breve{R}}$$ -matrix, and Berry phase of the Yang---Baxter system is investigated. Specifically, for $${\varphi_{1}\,{=}\,\varphi_{2}}$$ , the Hamiltonian can be represented based on three sets of SU(2) operators, and three oscillator Hamiltonians can be obtained. Under this framework, the Berry phase can be interpreted.

Baxterization of GLq(2) and its application to the Liouville model and some other models on a lattice

We develop the Baxterization approach to (an extension of) the quantum group GLq(2). We introduce two matrices which play the role of spectral parameter-dependent L-matrices and observe that they are naturally related to two different comultiplications. Using these comultiplication structures, we find the related fundamental R-operators in terms of powers of coproducts and also give their equivalent forms in terms of quantum dilogarithms. The corresponding quantum local Hamiltonians are given in terms of logarithms of positive operators. An analogous construction is developed for the q-oscillator and Weyl algebras using the fact that their algebraic and coalgebraic structures can be obtained as reductions of those for the quantum group. As an application, the lattice Liouville model, the q-DST model, the Volterra model, a lattice regularization of the free field and the relativistic Toda model are considered.

Superhydrophobic Metallic Surfaces and Their Wetting Properties

Two-scaled polymer patterns possessing high roughness are produced using the hot-embossing technique and coating with chromium. After covering the rough polymer surface with this metal, the resulting surface demonstrates pronounced hydrophobic properties, with water drops having apparent contact angles as high as 150°. As revealed by SEM, the surface is patterned on two scales which is known to be an important condition for superhydrophobicity of inherently wettable surfaces. The modified Cassie–Baxter approach has been used for the present relief. The calculated values of the apparent contact angles agree with the observed ones. It is important to note that the apparent contact angles almost do not depend on the local contact angles.

Second Generation Law and Economics of Conflict of Laws: Baxter's Comparative Impairment and beyond

In his 1963 article in the Stanford Law Review, Choice of Law and the Federal System, Professor William F. Baxter criticized the choice-of-law approach of the First Restatement of the Conflict of Laws. According to the Restatement, courts should apply the law of the state where the last act or event deemed necessary to create a cause of action occurred. In contrast, Baxter advocated a comparative-impairment approach, whereby judges were obligated to apply the law of the state whose public policy would suffer the greatest impairment if its law was not applied. The authors contend that although Baxter's approach caries intuitive appeal for one interested in economic theory, available empirical evidence and public choice insights together indicate that Baxter's approach cannot work efficiently in practice. Because judges in practice have neither the data nor the intuitive understanding of the complexities of any legal problem to make the comparative-impairment determination in the scrupulous way that Baxter suggested, William H. Allen and Professor Erin A. O'Hara recommend a modified Restatement approach. They believe an approach that keeps the basic concepts of the Restatement but modifies rules that have not worked well in practice will generate greater predictability and less bias in decisionmaking.