Bauman Moscow State Technical University Research Articles

Digital resources in teaching Russian to Chinese students outside of the language environment

Introduction. Relations between China and Russia are becoming increasingly close, resulting in a high demand for Russian language specialists in the labor market. The lack of a language environment in Chinese universities is a pressing problem that teachers would like to solve. Therefore, the active implementation of digital technologies will undoubtedly compensate for this deficiency. The purpose of the study is to analyze the use of Chinese internet resources in teaching Russian language in Chinese universities. Materials and Methods. The study involved undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students studying in the fields of "Russian as a Foreign Language", "Philology", "Linguistics" and "Russian Literature". A total of 117 respondents from nine higher education institutions in Russia and China. These institutions include Heilongjiang Institute of Foreign Languages, RUDN, Moscow State University, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Russian State University of Tourism and Service, Inner Mongolia University, and Yili Pedagogical University. The research methods employed in the study were analysis of scientific and scientific-methodological literature, observational (monitoring of online and distance learning), diagnostic (interviews with teachers, student surveys), and statistical analysis. Results. It was found that Chinese students do not know which form of education is most preferable outside of the Russian-speaking environment (35.9% – online, 37.61% – in-person, 38.46% – blended). However, respondents (67%) stated that various online resources provide significant help in learning the Russian language. The most popular programs and platforms were Chinese Dingding and Tencent Meeting, international Microsoft Teams and Zoom. Not all Russian-language dictionaries are available online for Chinese people, which is why the share of translation programs assisting in learning Russian language has increased (over 70%). The most frequently used Chinese dictionary was "Qianyiciba" (62%), and the most popular websites include Google Translate, Yudao Translator, Baidu Translate, and Bilibili. It has been proven that among the main problems hindering the process of learning Russian language in online and distance learning formats, psychological discomfort, lack of communication, increase in independent work, and individualization in learning considering the personal needs of students should be highlighted. Conclusion. The results obtained make it possible to determine the prospects for using digital resources in teaching Russian as a foreign language to Chinese students outside of the language environment.

Optimisation of Students’ Interdisciplinary English-Language Training Amid Modern Digital Transformations (on the Material of Legal Discourse)

The article highlights the necessity of interdisciplinary training for professionally-directed English-language interaction of students studying law and artificial intelligence technologies at the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL) and Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University). The importance of digital technologies usage to optimize the process of learning English with the significant role of the teacher — peer educator and conveyor of knowledge, capable of considering the regulatory documents governing relationships in the digital environment, is indicated. The studied English-language discourse is actualised based on the necessity to widen students’ lexical and grammatical knowledge, to develop their socio-perceptual skills. The need for modeling situations of real international cooperation for practical consolidation of the studied material is revealed. The shortage of classroom academic hours for the students’ comprehensive preparation for the forthcoming professional activity in English is established, which is partially compensated by the outlined in the article extracurricular activities. The author concludes that the indicators of the quality of students’ training in an interdisciplinary context are their skills in linguistically meaningful construction of the English-language discourse, adaptation to the constantly changing international situation, socio-perceptual skills, cognitive use of digital technologies, knowledge of culture and psychology of the professionally-directed English-language interaction.

LateSearching for the most energy-efficient composition of a mixture of dimethyl ether and carbon dioxide as an air conditioning system refrigerantr

BACKGROUND: Carbon dioxide can be an alternative refrigerant for vapor compression refrigeration systems, particularly air conditioning systems (ACSs). However, its use suffers from the increased pressure in the refrigeration circuit. To solve this, for its reduction, a mixture of CO2 with a substance that has significantly lower pressures under the same conditions can be developed, for example, dimethyl ether (DME), which has zero GWP and ODP, is inexpensive and readily available. The study of DME, in particular, was conducted by the Department E4 “Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, Air Conditioning and Life Support Systems” of N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University. DME is moderately toxic and flammable.
 AIM: This study aims to investigate the possible use of a mixture of DME and carbon dioxide for energy-efficient application in ACSs using commercially available compressors for R410A.
 METHODS: Comparative calculation analysis of the characteristics of a simple one-stage vapor compression cycle was performed using R410A and a mixture of DME and CO2 using the calculation packages Mathcad 15, Aspen HYSYS v. 10, SOLKANE8, and REFPROP.
 RESULTS: 1. The cycle on pure DME is the most effective in terms of the coefficient of performance: ε = 5.63 at an ambient air temperature of 26°C, ε = 3.07 at 40°C. 2. It is necessary to consider the influence of temperature glides, the average value of which ranges from 10°C to 30°C depending on the concentration of components. 3. At DME/CO2 ratios of 40/60% and 60/40% (in mole fraction), the discharge pressure corresponds to the discharge pressure in the R410A cycle, with 39.62 bar at an ambient temperature of 26°C and 37 bar at 40°C, respectively.
 CONCLUSIONS: An environmentally friendly mixture of DME and CO2 with low GWP and zero ODP is developed. An increase in the percentage of DME in the mixture increases the coefficient of performance and reduces the pressure range, and at the same time, significant temperature glides arise, which affects the installation efficiency, namely, the transition to a cycle with a receiver tank, i.e., with a recuperative heat exchanger between the fluorinated refrigerant flow leaving the evaporator and the fluorinated refrigerant flow leaving the condenser. The developed mixture is less efficient than the R410A refrigerant in terms of the coefficient of performance and discharge pressure. However, it is possible to further consider a mixture of DME and CO2 with concentrations of 40% and 60%, respectively, as a replacement for the R410 refrigerant because there is a correspondence of discharge pressures for serial compressors (about 40 bar); however, it is necessary to keep in mind the flammability risk of the mixture.

Системный подход к обучению студентов возможностям современных систем автоматизированного проектирования

The article describes a systematic approach that is used at the Department of Engineering Graphics at Bauman Moscow State Technical University to teach students the possibilities of modern computer-aided design systems.
 
 A methodology for teaching the basics of creating solid-state geometric models of parts and drawings in the Compass-3D system based on a systematic approach is presented. The structure and content of classes are described. The educational materials are developed on the basis of the students' knowledge of stereometry acquired at school and the knowledge gained during the parallel study of the engineering graphics section "Projection drawing".
 
 Examples of practical tasks for students' independent work are given. The training begins with the construction of a flat contour, which is used as basis of a three-dimensional model. When constructing a contour, students practice to create the basic primitives that make up the contour, and superimposing geometric and dimensional dependencies on the primitives. The construction of solid-state models begins with the modeling of simple geometric bodies: a prism, a pyramid, a body of rotation. This allows students to focus on practicing shaping operations, and to better navigate the toolbars. Then, students consolidate their knowledge and skills in building models of more complex shapes, similar in design to mechanical engineering parts of two classes: "body of rotation" and "non-body of rotation". Students create electronic drawings based on the constructed models. At the same time, the following is being worked out: creating images in the drawing – views, sections, sections; applying dimensions while maintaining an associative connection with the part model; using drawing design elements.
 
 Examples of control tasks for editing created models and drawings are given, which are necessary for students to acquire skills important for engineering practice.
 
 It is noted that the acquired knowledge and skills can be used by students in further education. The proposed methodology can be recommended for use in the system of secondary and secondary vocational education.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОДГОТОВКИ И ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ЭКСКУРСИЙ В ЕСТЕСТВЕННОНАУЧНОМ МУЗЕЕ И В БОТАНИЧЕСКОМ САДУ

The article talks about the important role played by the rectilinear-directing mechanism in the history of world science and technology. Using the example of pantograph, an early mathematical instrument, we will trace the development of this design, unique in its simplicity, over time and show rare examples of these devices from the collection of the Museum of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The widespread use of pantographs dates back to the 18th-19th centuries, which allows us to reveal the relationship between natural sciences (the body of knowledge about the Earth, natural objects, phenomena and processes) and engineering, purely technical disciplines, using the example of the use of these scientific instruments in the activities of naturalists and scientists and inventors. Until recently, in mechanical engineering, the use of pantograph mechanisms made it possible to solve the problems of producing parts with complex shaped surfaces on copying machines without the use of CNC systems. Nowadays, copying machines with pantographs continue to be produced, but rather for hobbies, leisure, and artistic processing of materials. The authors’ choice of the topic is dictated by the infrequent mention of such tools and mechanisms in modern Russian publications and sources.

ПАНТОГРАФ: ИСТОРИЯ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНОЙ КОНСТРУКЦИИ

The article talks about the important role played by the rectilinear-directing mechanism in the history of world science and technology. Using the example of pantograph, an early mathematical instrument, we will trace the development of this design, unique in its simplicity, over time and show rare examples of these devices from the collection of the Museum of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The widespread use of pantographs dates back to the 18th-19th centuries, which allows us to reveal the relationship between natural sciences (the body of knowledge about the Earth, natural objects, phenomena and processes) and engineering, purely technical disciplines, using the example of the use of these scientific instruments in the activities of naturalists and scientists and inventors. Until recently, in mechanical engineering, the use of pantograph mechanisms made it possible to solve the problems of producing parts with complex shaped surfaces on copying machines without the use of CNC systems. Nowadays, copying machines with pantographs continue to be produced, but rather for hobbies, leisure, and artistic processing of materials. The authors’ choice of the topic is dictated by the infrequent mention of such tools and mechanisms in modern Russian publications and sources.

ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ЭФФЕКТА ОТ ВЫПУСКНИКОВ ВУЗОВ НА ПРИМЕРЕ МГТУ ИМЕНИ Н. Э. БАУМАНА

In order to implement the decrees of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2012 No. 597 «On measures to implement state social policy» («May» Presidential Decrees) and the Development Strategy of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, a significant increase in the quality of graduate training was proposed, which is associated with an increase in the cost of their training from 300 thousand rubles per year up to 1 million rubles per year. Based on the work developed by the staff of the Department of EBM5 «Finance» of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University economic and mathematical model, algorithm and software of the integrated system of innovative social financing of the Russian economy, the contribution of graduates to the development of enterprises and the Russian economy was assessed according to the following criteria: the amount of monthly deductions in the form of income tax at the rate of 13% of the payroll; the amount of monthly deductions to off-budget funds at the rate of 30% of the payroll; the amount of monthly deductions of value added tax (VAT) at the rate of 20%; the amount of monthly deductions in the form of profit tax at the rate of 20%; deductions in the form of income tax, to extra-budgetary funds, VAT and profit tax per graduate, on an accrual basis; deductions in the form of income tax, to extra-budgetary funds, VAT and profit tax from all working graduates on an accrual basis. The paper estimates the economic effect of training engineers at Bauman Moscow State Technical University, taking into account the share of working graduates over 6 years of work at enterprises in the amount of 11,317.391 million rubles. The value of the economic effect at the salary of graduates is twice the current level and the cost of training in the amount of 1 million rubles per year is equal to 17,039,350 million rubles. The current cost of training engineers, equal to 300 thousand rubles per year, with the existing salary level of graduates, pays off in the 3rd year of their employment, and with the salary of graduates twice the current level and the cost of training engineers in the amount of 1 million rubles per year, they pay off in the 4th year of employment the activities of graduates.

ПОКАДРОВАЯ АНИМАЦИЯ В ОБУЧЕНИИ НАЧЕРТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ГЕОМЕТРИИ

The paper presents using of frame-by-frame animation of geometric constructions in the course "Descriptive Geometry" to present educational graphic material in a more accessible and visual form for students.
 Electronic support of descriptive geometry classes used at the Department of Engineering Graphics at Bauman Moscow State Technical University made in the technique of frame-by-frame animation in the format of presentations and electronic text publications is presented.
 The technique of creating frame-by-frame animation is described. Geometric constructions are performed using computer graphics systems, in layers; each layer contains one step of construction. When layers are showed on alternately, a number of graphic files are created, which are inserted in a certain sequence on presentation slides or on the pages of an electronic text publication. During the demonstration, a visualization of the course of geometric constructions is created on the screen.
 Teachers when giving lectures and practical classes use electronic support of classes, made in the format of presentations to demonstrate the course material on the screen in the classroom. The presentations contain graphic material in the technique of frame-by-frame animation and minimal text material; the teacher gives the necessary explanations.
 Electronic support of classes, made in the form of an electronic educational visual aid, is used for independent work of students. Unlike classroom presentations, in an electronic educational visual aid, the animation of geometric constructions is accompanied by a text step-by-step description of the sequence of solving geometric problems.
 The main advantage of using electronic training software made in frame-by-frame animation technology compared to traditional software is the visibility and the ability to consistently, step by step, understanding the course of graphic constructions, with the ability to go back and repeat the sequence at any stage.

Automated assessment of facial nerve dysfunction

BACKGROUND: Facial neuropathy at the peripheral level (unilateral muscular weakness of the entire half of the face) is a common neurological disorder. Assessment of the facial nerve dysfunction grade is necessary to track the dynamics of treatment and monitor the effectiveness of rehabilitation. For this purpose, worldwide clinical practice uses grading systems, the most popular of which are the House-Brackmann, Yanagihara, and Nottingham scales. Such methods are non-universal and based on visual diagnosis, which relies solely on the subjective experience of the physician. Consequently, objective measurements and automation are needed to track the dynamics of recovery. With the use of image processing and computer vision techniques, this task became feasible.
 AIM: To develop a method of automated assessment of the facial nerve dysfunction grade by biometric facial analysis to monitor the patients recovery dynamics.
 METHODS: As part of the collaboration with the Herzen Moscow Research Institute of Oncology, a database of target group patients with grades IV (4 people), V (4 people), and VI (11 people) of facial nerve disfunction according to the Haus-Brackmann scale was compiled. A control group consisted of 20 students from the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. During registration, subjects were asked to perform a series of following mimic tests: raising the eyebrows, closing the eyes, smiling, smiling with effort, inflating the cheeks, pouting the lips, and articulating with effort. Control points of the eyebrow, eye, and mouth areas were used to assess the degree of facial asymmetry. The two-dimensional MultiPIE model, implemented in the dlib library and containing 68 control points, was used as a facial model. A program code in Python was written, which calculates asymmetry coefficients based on changes in the coordinates of control points when the patient performs mimic tests.
 RESULTS: A study was conducted to determine statistically significant differences between asymmetry coefficients in the control group and patients. Based on the Mann-Whitney criterion, asymmetry parameters during some mimic tests showed statistically significant differences (p 0.05). Thus, asymmetries in the forehead when raising the eyebrows (0.00 0.05), in the mouth when smiling (0.026 0.05), in the mouth when smiling with effort (0.00 0.05), in the mouth when pouting the lips (0.039 0.05), and in the mouth when articulating with effort (0.004 0.05) were revealed.
 CONCLUSIONS: The results prove the performance of the proposed method and show the need for additional research, particularly the search for differences between groups of patients with different severity and the development of a classification model for machine learning.

Development of creative project activity of students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University

The article considers the solution to the problem of improving the training of modern engineering personnel at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, starting from the first course. Technological progress is greatly influenced by the use of «artificial intelligence» in the creation and operation of fundamentally new machines. In this regard, in specialized schools at BMSTU, the interest of students in the events taking place at the university and aimed at developing their creative activity has increased. Teachers of the department «Engineering Graphics» take part in the organization and conduct of the so-called «project weeks», the task of which is to develop the creative activity of children, starting from the first grade. For several decades, the Department of Engineering Graphics has been holding the annual student conference «Scientific Spring», at which first-year students present creative projects completed at school, but with some development under the guidance of teachers of the department. The article presents a methodology for organizing such work with students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University.

Опыт использования отечественного программного комплекса FlowVision в МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана

The paper considers examples of Russian software package FlowVision application for solving aircraft aerodynamics and flow control problems at Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Numerical modeling was carried out using various approaches, such as solving purely aerodynamic problems of flow around various bodies using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations supplemented by a turbulence model, as well as coupled problems of aerodynamics and motion dynamics. Young scientists, postgraduate students and students of Bauman Moscow State Technical University were involved in the research. The problems of determining interference and rotation influence on the aerodynamics and dynamics of aircraft detachable structural elements, as well as aircraft flow control using perforated surfaces, are considered. The advantages and difficulties in working with the software package are revealed when solving the problems. The pluses of FlowVision are the ability to solve conjugate problems and problems on moving grids. The most important advantage of the FlowVision software product is the possibility of direct contact with developers, which allows not only to quickly resolve user issues, but also improve the convenience and functionality of the package.

Прогнозирование результатов сдачи сессии на основе анализа текущей успеваемости студентов с использованием данных информационной управляющей системы «Электронный университет»

One of the actual tasks of the Dean’s office is regular monitoring and analysis of academic performance during the semester in order to predict the results of the session and identify lagging students, work with whom should be given priority. A large contingent of students on the course, which can be several hundred people, requires both direct communication with participants of the educational process and the use of special electronic information systems to organize effective monitoring of academic performance. The article provides brief information about the display of current academic performance in the information management system “Electronic University” (IMS “EU”) of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. The main methods of determining the level of a student’s current academic performance using the data of the IMS “EU” are presented. Comparison and analysis of the data of the IMS “EU” on the current academic performance of students of the “Special Mechanical Engineering” Faculty of Bauman Moscow State Technical University in November 2022 was carried out in comparison with the results of the winter session of the 2022–2023 academic year for the same students. Based on the analysis, a criterion for identifying lagging students is proposed based on the results of the analysis of current academic performance using the IMS “EU” and recommendations are given on ways to improve the effectiveness of such an analysis.

Опережающая подготовка специалистов для космического строительства

This article considers the issue of training designers and technicians for the creation of orbital and planetary structures within the group of specialties 24.00.00 “Aviation and rocket and space technology”. This work is relevant due to the expanding plans for the construction of national and international space stations in the Earth and the Moon orbits, and the construction of bases on the surface of celestial bodies. It is assumed that the exploration of celestial bodies can begin before the end of this decade with the bases created on the surface of the Moon. It is noted that the implementation of these projects must involve the modular principle, the use of robotic mechanisms, smart composite materials, natural resources of celestial bodies and solar energy. Several international master’s degree programs in space construction and architecture are described in brief. As an example, the key features of the new master’s degree curriculum in the field of training 24.04.01 “Rocket complexes and Cosmonautics” developed at the Department of SM-13 “Rocket and Space Composite Structures” at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University are given. A number of new disciplines, new for an aerospace university have been included in the curriculum for the master’s degree graduate to form the necessary competencies in the field of space construction.

Визуализация эмоциональной напряженности человека по речевому сигналу

The article presents the results of research on the assessment of human emotional tension by a speech signal using the developed technology of multilevel wavelet analysis. The disadvantages of polygraph systems during psychophysiological inspections of personnel are given. The data obtained by domestic and foreign experts allow us to make a confident conclusion that the characteristics of a person's oral speech correlate with changes in their condition. The characteristics of the hardware and software complex «Icar Lab» (Russia) in assessing the emotional state of the speaker, as well as the computer voice stress analyzer CVSA (USA) are considered. A new contactless technology is proposed for assessing the level of emotional tension of a person using stress biomarkers obtained on the tonal parts of speech. The WaveView-VSA program for obtaining high-precision time-frequency characteristics of a speech signal has been developed. The possibilities of the developed program for visualizing the level of emotional tension are presented. A database of audio recordings of 6th-year students who are in conditions with increased emotional stress during the exam and the defense of the graduation project has been formed and processed. The research conducted by the Scientific and Educational Medical and Technological Center of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University showed the fundamental possibility of obtaining real-time acoustocardiography data and the level of emotional tension in the examined students during express cardiodiagnostics. The developed technology provides biomarkers of stress based on a speech signal lasting several seconds.

Development of a Tetrahedral Mesh Generator Based on Constrained Delaunay Triangulation

The article describes the basic principles of operation of the finite element mesh generator SMCMGrid, which is an integral part of the SMCM software package designed to solve problems in the mechanics of composite materials and structures, which was developed at the Scientific-educational center on supercomputer modeling and software engineering of Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU SIMPLEX CENTER). The paper describes a software pipeline for constructing high-quality tetrahedral unstructured meshes for arbitrary shape B-rep models based on constrained Delaunay triangulation. We have presented the main algorithms for generating meshes on the edges and surfaces of the model, which make it possible to create the so-called simplicial complex, for which it is then possible to construct a constrained Delaunay triangulation and create the final tetrahedral mesh of the required quality. The mesh is generated in a Riemannian space with a given metric that takes into account the required characteristics of the mesh at each point of the geometric model. We gave examples of finite element meshes for various geometric models of engineering structure elements, including composite materials, and also demonstrated the adequacy of the results of solving the elasticity problem on a mesh built using the SMCMGrid generator. The results of the work led to the conclusion that the presented generator can be used to solve problems of engineering analysis and modeling.

Garanov Sergey Alexandrovich. 04.09.1955 – 26.11.2022

Sergey Alexandrovich Garanov, Associate Professor of Department E-4, has passed away! He was a bright, honest person, a conscientious teacher, and a top-tier specialist in the field of low temperature equipment and air conditioning.
 With his work, exactingness, and qualifications, Sergey Alexandrovich made significant contributions to the development and production of air conditioning systems (ACS) in Russia for railway transport. For many years he was the mind and eyes of Russian Railways in the realm of ACS. He was known for his consistent demand and support for the creation and implementation of new technologies. The memory of Sergei Aleksandrovich Garanov would forever be blessed!
 The editors of the journal Refrigeration Technology, the staff of the Department E-4 of the Power Engineering Faculty of Bauman Moscow State Technical University, A.L. Emelyanov (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the International Academy of Refrigeration (IAR), St. Petersburg State University of Low Temperature and Food Technologies), S.E. Buravoy (Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the IAR, CSC Petroklima) offer their sincere condolences to their families and friends.

Рост туи западной (Thuja occidentalis L.) в дендрарии Главного ботанического сада им. Н.В. Цицина РАН по данным дендрохронологического анализа

The study materials of the White сedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) radial growth (the width of the annual ring) variability in the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden arboretum of the Russian Academy of Sciences are presented. The main patterns of short-term and long-term variability of radial growth are established, the influence peculiarities of meteorological parameters on the growth figures are revealed, a yield table of tree growth by trunk diameter is compiled. Based on the results of dendroclimatic analysis, recommendations for the care of plants are given. The results of dendroclimatic analysis were compared with the results of similar studies of White Cedar growth in the Mytishchi branch of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University arboretum.

Силовой расчет сдвоенного механизма параллельных кривошипов

Design and layout capabilities of gearboxes with flexible and rigid links created on the basis of dual mechanisms of parallel cranks (wave gears with external deformation wave generators of the crank-planetary gearboxes and combined planetary-wave mechanisms) most fully satisfy requirements to the transmission mechanisms of the system automatic control of the antenna drives. Methods for calculating geometric characteristics, power interaction of elements, evaluation of the main quality indicators of the wave gear with external deformation wave generators and recommendations for their use are practically missing in the technical literature (except for works of scientists from the Department of Theory of Mechanisms and Machines, Bauman Moscow State Technical University). Therefore, studies aimed at creating methods of calculating and designing these mechanisms for special drives of the automatic control systems are important. The paper describes technique of power calculation of the double mechanism of the wave gear parallel cranks with the wave external deformation generator making it possible to competently design these drives.

Разработка технологии определения породы деревьев с применением компьютерного зрения

A technology has been developed to determine the European white birch (Betula pendula Roth.) species in the photo. The differences of the known neural networks of classifiers with the definition of objects are studied. YOLOv4 was chosen as the most promising for further development of the technology. The mechanism of image markup for the formation of training examples has been studied. The method of marking on the image has been formed. Two different datasets have been formed to retrain the network. An algorithmic increase in the dataset was carried out by transforming images and applying filters. The difference in the results of the classifier is determined. The accuracy when training exclusively on images containing hanging birch was 35 %, the accuracy when training on a dataset containing other trees was 71 %, the accuracy when training on the entire dataset was 75 %. To demonstrate the work, birch trees were identified in photographs taken in the arboretum of the MF Bauman Moscow State Technical University. To improve the technology, additional training is recommended to determine the remaining tree species. The technology can be used for the implementation of taxation of specific tree species; the formation of marked datasets for further development; the primary element in the tree image analysis system, to exclude third-party objects in the original image.

Lyudmila D. Akimova

It is the change of an eraSome people leave an imprint in everyones lives around them.
 Lyudmila Dmitrievna Akimova was one of them.
 In our (the E-4 department employees) lives, she occupied a very important place, since for several years, she remained the editor-in-chief of the prestigious journal Refrigeration Technology. A lecturer at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University is inextricably linked with the publication of his/her thoughts in the form of scientific articles, thus warranting a permanent communication with the journal editors.
 The journal Refrigerating Technology helped us to share with professionals what we thought were discoveries and simultaneously learn from the colleagues in the field of low temperatures. In addition, we were aware of all refrigeration measures not only in Russian Federation, but throughout the world. Lyudmila Dmitrievna Akimova helped us to permanently monitor this pulse for several years for which we are deeply grateful to her.
 Her good memories will always be cherished.
 The staff of the E-4 department, Bauman Moscow State Technical University.