Approaches to the utilization of lithium-ion batteries using hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical recycling methods are described, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. The global nature of the problem associated with high growth rates of lithium-ion batteries market and underdeveloped infrastructure for their utilization, which leads to environmental pollution by toxic components of batteries, is outlined. It is concluded that the development of new technical solutions in this area should be carried out with a balance between economic efficiency and compliance with environmental standards.