Comparative analysis of lattice-based cryptographic schemes for secure IoT communications

Abstract

This paper presents comparative analysis of lattice-based cryptographic schemes, focusing on their runtime and memory performance to evaluate their suitability for secure IoT communications. Specifically, analyzing FrodoKEM, Kyber, and sntrup761, assessing their key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation operations across various IoT processors. Kyber schemes, particularly Kyber512 and Kyber1024, demonstrate the highest efficiency in terms of battery utilization and computational speed, making them ideal for highly constrained IoT devices. FrodoKEM variants, while providing robust security, show moderate performance, suitable for devices with more processing capacity. sntrup761, however, is less efficient, highlighting the need for careful selection of cryptographic schemes based on specific IoT requirements. The findings underscore the importance of balancing security, speed, and resource usage in PQC implementations, with Kyber schemes emerging as the most promising candidates for secure, resource-constrained IoT environments.