Russian Base Research Articles

Strategic priorities of development of tourism in the industrial region of Kuzbass

The study is aimed at identification and justification of priorities for the development of tourism on the territory of the North Kuzbass agglomeration on the basis of Russian and international experience in strategizing. The authors have created their own algorithm for expert assessment of the implementation of the regional strategic program on the basis of Professor Kvint’s concept of strategizing. The main types of tourism have been identified (snowmobile, event, cultural and educational, industrial tourism), and their development will contribute to the increase of competitive advantages of the local authorities of Kuzbass municipalities in the development and implementation of tourism strategies and achievement of the goals of national project “Tourism and Hospitality Industry”.

LABOR in the Paradigm of the Values of European and Asian Peoples: on the Basis of Russian, French and Kalmyk Proverbs

The paremiological fund of language either explicitly or implicitly expresses information about the value system of the people. The study is devoted to the description of labor as a value of European and Asian peoples on the basis of paremiological material. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that, proceeding from the analysis of authentic dictionaries of proverbs, the main semantic dominants of Russian, French and Kalmyk proverbs about labor were identified, as well as linguistic means of representing this value, due to both - universal features and the specifics of the studied linguistic cultures. Through a continuous selection of published and handwritten paremiographic sources, the author’s card file was compiled, numbering about 1000 items. The most representative examples served as illustrative material for the study, in the description of which the descriptive-analytical method was used, as well as the linguo-axiological and linguo-culturological methods which have received theoretical justification in recent years. Comparative analysis showed that in the three linguistic cultures a positive attitude towards labor dominates, which is a value opposed to laziness and idleness, which act as anti-values in proverbs. The following were established as the main axiological dominants: the connection between work and life in abundance, the need for effort and effort in work, the assessment of labor activity based on its results. An important function belongs to the components of proverbs related to labor (names of professions and occupations, attributes of labor that have certain symbols), through images, models of human behavior are transmitted. The mentioning of these components is associated with the development of various types of labor activity that were developed during the creation of proverbs. In French proverbs, the emphasis is made on the fact that labor is a value bringing material wealth, they value individual labor, and not the collective one, which is associated with the orientation of European French culture, belonging to the individualist type, being not at all the characteristic of the Eurasian Russian and Asian Kalmyk cultures. Among the axiological markers, the means of different language levels were singled out: a special rhythmic organization of the text; lexemes with evaluative semantics; the reception of repetition and the use of contrast, which allows, in particular, to express scenarios of behavior through anti-scripts, specific grammatical constructions. In Russian proverbs, proper nouns with the suffix of subjective evaluation -к- can be attributed to the means of expressing evaluation; in French and Kalmyk material, such axiological markers are absent, due to the typological features of the languages under consideration.

Guardians of Hearth in the Russian and Chinese mythological traditions

One of the most frequently encountered characters in the mythology of various cultures are household spirits, deities-guardians of the hearth, who have lived side by side with humans since ancient times. In this article, on the basis of Russian and Chinese sources, the authors conduct a comparative analysis of the images of the patrons of the household in such aspects as the names given to them by the bearers of culture, versions of origin, appearance, marital status, functions that these deities performed, rituals of worship. The subject of the research is the images of the Domovoy and God of the hearth of Zao-wang in Russian and Chinese cultures. The aim of the work is to find similarities and differences about Domovoy and Zao-wang, to comprehend the interaction of a person with the domestic spirit in Russia and China, which is relevant in the light of the strengthening of relationship between the two countries and contributes to a better understanding of both Chinese and Russian culture. The novelty lies in the absence of such a comparative study in Russian science. As a result of the work, it was revealed that the characters of the keeper of the hearth in the Russian and Chinese traditions have both similarities and differences. Similar features of home spirits are due to global cultural processes, while their differences are determined by worldview and other features of the regions.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ СИОНИСТСКИХ МОЛОДЕЖНЫХ ДВИЖЕНИЙ В СОВЕТСКОЙ РОССИИ В 1920-Х ГГ.

The topic of Zionist movement history in Russia is still controversial and has not been sufficiently studied. In this regard, the work is intended to fill in the gaps, clarify a number of issues on the topic and expand its historiography. In preparing the publication, historical-genetic and historical-systemic methods of research were applied. The novelty of the issue lies in the fact that each publication provides a new opportunity for an objective research of the issue, since for many years the term “Zionism” had negative connotations in our country and was equated with racism, and the works containing a different view started appearing relatively recently with the opening of archives. Unlike many parties in Soviet Russia, which were recognized as counter-revolutionary, the Zionist organizations attracted significant numbers of young people including teenagers, and that became a unique feature of the movement, whose goal was to raise a healthy generation capable of building a new state. The study of those aspects will make it possible to draw parallels between various anti-Soviet parties and organizations in Russia, to isolate the main milestones in the development of the Zionist youth movement, to come to the conclusion that one of the peculiarities of youth movements was that some part of them was created by the youth and did not depend on the older generation parties, while others, in order to expand influence, were formed on the basis of those parties that had already existed. The article was prepared on the basis of Russian and foreign archival documents, whose introduction into scientific circulation will replenish the source base on the Zionist movement history in Soviet Russia.

Aggravation of the Colonial Struggle in the Pacific Ocean in 1760—1770s

The article is devoted to the struggle for colonies in the North Pacific in the context of the interaction between Russia, Great Britain and Spain in the second half of the 18th century, with an emphasis on the voyage of J. Cook to the coast of Alaska. The activity of Russia and the Western European powers related to the intensification of efforts in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean is considered. The article notes that the region studied by us has long attracted the attention of European countries. The factors that contributed to the development of the North-West of America are revealed. The authors show that it was a very complex and multifaceted process, in which various levels of state power, up to the emperors, participated. The importance of the initiative of private commercial companies in the colonization of territories is noted. The authors of the article draw attention to the fact that the expansion of the Spanish Empire became possible due to Madrid’s fears about the strengthening of Russia in the North Pacific. In turn, Great Britain carried out active intelligence activities, which resulted in a phase of military conflict at the end of the 18th century. On the basis of Russian and foreign documents introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, the authors of the article try to show the validity of the fears of the Madrid court regarding Russian colonization, as well as the ambitions of London in this region. Promotion of Russia to the northwest of America was due to economic and political reasons. The access to the Pacific Ocean of Russian private structures was caused by the desire to collect yasak from the indigenous peoples, as well as to obtain furs, which were highly valued in world markets. The article notes the changes in the position of Great Britain, Spain and Russia in relation to the colonies in the 18th century. It is concluded that, in general, the policy of Spain and Great Britain was aimed at curbing the Russian advance in the Pacific Ocean. Russian-Anglo-Spanish relations in the Northwest Pacific at the end of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century made a significant contribution to the subsequent active colonization of the North Pacific. The article was written using an interdisciplinary approach based on a wide range of sources from domestic and foreign archives.

Alternatives of Developing Technological Entrepreneurship in the World

The article studies possible alternatives of developing technological entrepreneurship in Russia and in the world in view of scenario approach: territorial communications in the scale of Big Eurasia programs; upgrading raw material technologies, in particular, mass access of small forms of technological business to completion of worked-out wells and mines; developing service sector for global economy (construction, transport, education, recreation, etc.). In this case gradation of countries according to the level of entrepreneurship development is carried out. Four groups of countries are named: highly-developed, medium-developed, underdeveloped and countries of the ‘falling type’ (for example, Afghanistan, Haiti, Somali, etc.). Classical definition of technological entrepreneurship tasks was formulated: selection of ideas, organization of financing, commercialization and mass production. The significance of private sector as a principle driver of the innovation process was highlighted. Types of financing for technological innovation were systematized according to countries: venture, in-company, state and mixed. State-private partnership for this type of business was assessed. Examples were provided on the basis of Russian and Danish experience in the underground construction. The authors proposed a global pyramid of technological entrepreneurship describing levels of development hierarchy.

Treatment of medulloblastoma in pediatric patients over 3 years old: modern approaches with respect to molecular and biologic tumor features

Medulloblastoma (MB) treatment in pediatric patients is an open challenge in clinical oncology. Current treatment protocols are risk-adopted and risk group criteria continuously evolve by increasing data about molecular and biologic mechanisms of MB tumorogenesis. In the current issue it is reviewed modern treatment programs, which became a basis of Russian and International clinical recommendations. It is analyzed treatment results according to regimens of chemotherapy and irradiation, absence or presence of metastases, histologic variant and molecular and biologic tumor features.

Cultural and leisure practice transformation during the COVID-19 pandemic

The present work analyzes the changes in cultural and leisure practices during the COVID-19 pandemic on the basis of Russian and foreign social research results. The data on individual profound interviews with the post-Soviet youth presenters about their daily practices and adaptive strategies in the lockdown circumstances performed by the author are presented. It is noticed that the lockdown restrictions and self-isolation regime have opened new interesting opportunities in leisure and creative activities (quite often involving on-line technologies) for many residents in Russia and in the foreign countries that allowed them to improve their previous skills or learn something new. Part of the respondents have acquired online practices in their favorite leisure activities: educational, communication, creative etc., which they also would prefer to keep doing in their lives after the pandemic. The method specifically developed for the purposes of the author research is an undeniable novelty. The findings provide an opportunity to reflect on the personal and social resources that help adapt to the realities of the post-COVID world, give the answer to the question of whether young people’s experience of the new coronavirus everyday life can benefit older generations, and contribute to the development of the new sociological field — the sociology of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is observed that despite many negative consequences caused by the pandemic, the COVID-19 pandemic produced a recovery in public cultural and leisure life that may be regarded as a positive emergent effect. In general, we can see significant changes in cultural and leisure practices under the impact of the coronavirus crisis. The trend towards active cultural consumption is likely to continue with time.

Israeli Russian: Case morphology in a bilingual context

The current study investigates case morphology development in a bilingual context. It is aimed at investigating potential mechanisms driving divergences in heritage language grammars as compared to the baseline monolingual standards. For the purposes of the study, 95 bilingual and monolingual children and adults were compared. Bilinguals residing in Israel acquired Russian from birth, while the age of onset of Hebrew varied. The participants completed a production task eliciting accusative case inflections. Both child and adult heritage speakers of Russian with early age of onset of Hebrew (before the age of 5) showed divergences in the production of the accusative case inflections as compared to monolingual Russian-speaking controls (adult and child), whereas grammars of Israeli heritage Russian speakers with later ages of onset of Hebrew, after the age of 5, were found to be intact. On the basis of Russian in contact with Hebrew, the study discusses how heritage language grammars differ from the baseline grammars of monolingual speakers and which mechanisms are associated with heritage language ultimate attainment. The effects of the age of onset and cross-linguistic influence from the dominant societal language are discussed as potential factors affecting the acquisition / maintenance of linguistic phenomena in heritage language grammars.

Investment cooperation between Russia and India

The long-term cooperation between Russia and India in the investment field is analyzed. This cooperation is of great strategic importance not only for the development of these countries, but also for solving problems at the global level. The world is currently undergoing large-scale changes affecting various spheres of public life. On the basis of Russian and Indian statistics, as well as statistics of international organizations, conclusions are drawn about the uneven distribution of foreign direct investment between Russia and India, and their different position in the international movement of capital is indicated. Examples of specific investment projects between TNCs of the two countries are given. Prospects for investment cooperation between the two countries have been substantiated. The purpose of this research is to study investment cooperation between Russia and India. The theoretical basis of the study was the works of Russian and foreign authors, which examine the issues of the socio-economic situation of developing countries, and in particular, the economic development of India and Russian-Indian relations. The work used methods of analysis and comparison of theoretical positions, as well as methods of statistical and analogy, expert assessments. It was found that the most interesting projects for the Indian economy are the extraction of oil and other minerals, construction, trade, and real estate. For Russia, the sphere of manufacturing is of particular investment interest, as well as the sphere of trade and the financial sector.

The constitutional right of HIV-infected russian citizens to protect personal privacy: limits of restriction

The aim: to conduct a constitutional and legal analysis of the legal regulation of medical secrecy protection for HIV-infected Russian citizens.Materials and methods. The analysis was carried out on the basis of Russian and foreign legislation and scientific literature published on this topic over the past 7 years, including in Pubmed. The study used dialectical and logical methods, which created the basis for a comprehensive and complete study of the limits of admissibility of protecting medical secrets of HIV-infected; the use of the systemicstructural method allowed to study it in conjunction with constitutional guarantees of human rights.Results. Some problems in the legal regulation of medical secrecy protection of HIV-infected Russian citizens have been identified. It is noted that in Russia there are specific circumstances and reasons requiring disclosure of the positive status of HIV-infected citizens. They hide their diagnosis when entering into intimate relationships with healthy people and even in marriage. The current criminal liability for contracting another person’s HIV infection does not ensure the suppression of infringements on the health of others. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, the excessive protection of medical secrets of HIV-infected is noted. Conclusion. It is concluded that in order to effectively protect the health of Russian citizens, it is necessary to limit in some aspects the protection of personal secrets of HIV-infected persons to ensure the safety of all people in contact with them.

Automation of technological processes in mechanical engineering

This article discusses trends of production development in the engineering industry. The need to control automation processes at various stages of product manufacture has been identified. It was concluded that automation leads to increasing the efficiency of production, economic activities and quality of products, as well as making and introducing new products. On the basis of Russian and foreign experience the key stages of realization of automatic control system for technological processes were pointed out. Using the example of Business Units, the stages of implementing the latest automated equipment were considered. The project team conducted a survey of the business unit and determined that automation of the casting process in the foundry should be carried out. As a result, it was proposed to introduce an automatic cutting and grinding complex into the production process. These innovations made it possible to reduce the enterprise expenses by reducing the number of employees, as well as reduce the percentage of defects. Moreover, it became possible to solve a number of other significant problems: a decrease in the waste percentage, the need to meet the world requirements for the result of processing, elimination of the consequences of difficult working conditions (reduction in the number of accidents, noise levels and concomitant diseases). The results can be used not only for the considered objects of research, but also for organizations of other industries in order to increase the efficiency of activities through the introduction of automation of the control system of technological processes.

Improvement of the Human Resources Policy in the Regional Health Care

Introduction. It is not possible to create an adequate human resources policy only through the efforts of heads of medical organizations. There is a need to integrate the efforts of governments, educational institutions and employers to improve the human resources policy for regional health care. The article presents the strategy of personnel policy perfection on the basis of Russian and international organizations’ experience, research of personnel imbalance of regional public health care system and results of own researches. Materials and Methods. The research materials were statistical data on the staffing of the regional health care, including a database of job opportunities for medical workers in the labor market, materials from a sociological survey of managers on ways to improve personnel policies and its impact on the sustainable development of health care organizations. Results. The study of personnel policy that affects the sustainability of the development of medical organizations has shown that an important aspect of achieving long-term goals of the organization is the introduction of improvements in accordance with the modern strategy of health development. The authors identified the problems of staffing the health care system in the Novosibirsk region (a surplus of trained specialists in both outpatient and inpatient units; an imbalance of specialists with a shortage of doctors in the primary sector; there is a significant need for specialized specialists, whose training takes place through training in residency, etc.). Special attention is paid to the problem of training personnel based on continuing medical education programs. The authors focus on the need to train specialists in the region under the program “Lean medicine” for the qualitative introduction of a new model of primary health care. Discussion and Conclusion. The main results of our work are that the regional health development strategy depends on the integration of efforts of the Ministry of Health of the region, healthcare organizations and higher educational organizations. Against the background of personnel imbalance, it is necessary to ensure the training of specialists for implementing regional health development programs in a short time. At the same time, graduate specialists should be willing to work in conditions of constant changes and at the same time contribute to the sustainable development of healthcare organizations. The results of the study are important for specialists at various levels of health authorities, higher education institutions and medical organizations.

Application of the AHP and PROMETHEE II methods to the evaluation of the competitiveness of Polish and Russian Baltic container terminals

The rapid growth in the volume of international container transport enforces the improvement of competitiveness in the entire transport chain, including maritime container terminals. Reports and scientific surveys on the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) tend to concentrate on annual results achieved by entire ports, largely ignoring the efficiency of individual terminals. The aim of the article is to fill this research gap and consequently examine the competitiveness of the most important maritime container terminals in Poland and their Russian competitors. To this end, selected Polish and Russian bases were examined with regard to a number of criteria, such as the length of the quay (c1), the number of RTG (c2) and STS (c3) cranes, the number of shortsea shipping connections (c4), the maximum depth at the quay (c5), the distance from motorways and expressways/national roads (c6) or the distance from the national railway station (c7). The above seven criteria were subsequently used to perform a strategic group mapping as well as AHP and PROMETHEE II multi-criteria rankings that enabled to specify those Baltic Sea container nodes which are in the area of strategic benefits for the analysed market sector. According to the results obtained, the Russian Petrolesport and the Polish DCT Gdańsk are the leaders of the market. This fact confirms their competitive advantage over other market players of the sector in question.

Phygital-Technologies as a Tool for Developing Efficient Communication with Today’s Customer

A key aspect of marketing strategy today is an ability to attract new generations of customers. The present day generation - digitalnatives (digital aboriginals, generation Z) is becoming a fast growing target group of consumer market and future global online-commerce. On the basis of Russian and overseas research on social – psychological and behavioral characteristics of generation Z the author studies the approach to building communication through which brands could broadcast their messages to customers and reveal their values. Phygital-technologies mean communications showing specificity, interests and preferences of generation Z, which provide an opportunity to create a new eco-system by using key advantages of traditional and digital tools. The new generation digitalnatives was born and grew up at the age of the Internet, gadgets and digital technologies. It is more useful to get in touch with this groupd through on-line platforms by developing a unique entertaining, laconic content, which could get within the eye-sight of Z-customers and comply with their interests and behavioral characteristics. However, the efficient two-sided communication implies not only on-line space, it includes off-line environment. The author shows that applying the approach, which could provide mutual integration of different channels of communication into a unique strategic system is an effective way of attracting the attention of new generations.

Bohai population remaining in the Khitan Empire Liao in period 926-1029 (on the basis of Russian and Korean materials)

The issue of Bohai people in the Liao Empire after the destruction of their state in 926 CE is a very complicated and important one in understanding the fate of ethnic groups in East Asia in the medieval period. As is known, after 926 many Bohai people remained in the Liao Empire, because they did not want to emigrate to other regions (such as the Koryo kingdom, Japanese Empire or the lands of the Jurchen tribes). Over two centuries the policy of Khitan rulers towards the Bohai population changed several times. This article considers the specifics of the situation of the population from the former Bohai state in Liao and analyzes the roles of Bohai people in the Khitan state. The time period of my research in this work is limited to 1029, which saw the biggest rebellion of the Bohai people in the East Capital of Liao. This event demonstrated the altered position of the Bohai population remaining in the Liao Empire.

OBTAINING CLINKERLESS CEMENTS THROUGH THE SYNTHESIS OF BASIC SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM SILICATE FROM SILICA-CONTAINING ROCKS

Objectives The creation of clinkerless cements that do not require high-temperature processing and significant natural resources, at the same time as exhibiting good technical parameters, seems to be an important research task. Cements of alkaline instillation, in which alkaline metals play an active role, are capable of interacting with minerals of aluminosilicate nature forming strong and insoluble compounds.Methods Concrete composites from binding substances activated by alkaline were developed on the basis of Russian and foreign experience of using cinder slag composites in construction.Results In this work, energy-dispersion microanalysis of the developed clinkerless compositions based on alkaline silicate sodium solutions from silica-containing rocks was carried out.Conclusion Formulations of clinkerless cements based on high-dispersal powders of different natures mixed by the alkaline solution obtained using the wet technique at temperatures of up to 95 °C and atmospheric pressure are proposed. This technology will expand the use of alkaline cements, thus leading to the development of concrete having desired properties.

Human Resource Management in the Educational Institution – Big Changes Ahead

The article was devoted to improving the management of human resources in the educational institution. On the basis of Russian and international experience, the main tasks of personnel management in a modern university were considered. Key factors determining peculiarities of personnel work in the university depending on the development strategy, life cycle, priority areas of activity have been identified. Separate proposals have been formulated to strengthen the role of the personnel service in increasing the competitiveness of Russian universities in the international arena. The main reserves of efficiency of personnel work in the university were analyzed. Challenges and opportunities were identified to ensure staff involvement in solving the strategic tasks of the educational institution on the basis of increasing motivation of employees and taking into account their labour contribution to the progressive development of the university. Existing contradictions and problems in assessing the activities of scientific and pedagogical workers and communicating the results of the assessment to the performers were identified. The system of com-plex evaluation of personnel of educational institution is proposed, its goals and tasks are defined. Classifications of objects, subjects and methods of assessment are proposed. The need to apply progressive methods of assessing university personnel on the basis of MBO (management by objectives) using KPI, 360-degree approach, etc., was justified. Directions of personnel evaluation results use in personnel decision-making are defined.

PARADOXES OF REGRESSIVE MODERNIZATION AND EXPORT OF RUSSIAN INSTITUTIONS

In Russia, the topic of modernization continues to be relevant. The government, the parliament, the opposition, and the scientific community regard it as an urgent task. The process of economic growth, which began in the 00s, is viewed as recovery after the USSR catastrophe, and the modernization project is associated with the construction of the Russian analogue of the Western “welfare society”, in many ways resembling old dreams of “socialism with a human face”. But there are various options for modernization. In the 1980-s S. Hall proposed the concept of regressive modernization for characterize the policy of the government of M. Thatcher. This concept allows a much better understanding of the history of the 1990s and the current economic policy in Russia. The specific paradox of regressive modernization is that the Russian center-right government conducts elements of neoliberal politics in combination with state paternalism and even populism. Elements of social archaics, such as clericalism and national autonomy, which enjoy separate legal regimes within the Federation, remind us of a flexible imperial political system. The export of traditionalism and paternalism, which at the same time look like a modern institutional design, is the basis of Russian “soft power”. This creates opportunities for increasing profitable trade and economic cooperation with countries of both left orientation and preserving autocratic, right-wing conservative political regimes.

The Reflection of the Hierarchy of Values in the Proverbial Fund of the Russian and French languages

The paper deals with the research focused on the reflection of Russian and French basic values in proverbs - language units that most clearly demonstrate the value systems. Based on the fact that each nation has a certain hierarchically organized set of values, which partially coincide with other cultures but can have their own characteristics, it is important to identify both their universal and culture-specific features. This will allow us not only to build the hierarchy of values of a certain nation but also to conduct a comparative analysis of different languages and cultures from an axiological perspective. To get a general idea of the reflection of values and their hierarchy in proverbs, we have conducted our research on the basis of Russian and French lexicographical material. According to our hypothesis, the thematic classification of proverbs in dictionaries and the corresponding category titles enable us to reveal directly or indirectly the values of a particular nation, and the quantitative correlation of proverbs within each theme can give us an idea of the hierarchy of values: a bigger or smaller number of proverbs on a certain topic indicates the degree of their importance in the consciousness of native speakers of a corresponding linguistic community. The paper presents the preliminary data of the research carried out on a limited material in order to test the methodology chosen by the authors. The research was based on the card index of 2400 Russian and French proverbs elicited from specialized lexicographic sources by means of continuous sampling. The emphasis was made on the French practical material, and the Russian material served as a background for comparative analysis. The paper presents the number of proverbs within each topic, the data giving a general picture of the hierarchy of values (the topics are listed in the descending order of the quantitative indicator). It also contains the results of the comparative analysis. The research has confirmed the possibility of identifying basic values, building their hierarchy and determining the dominant value based on the analysis of the proverbial bank, in particular, the headings of the thematic classification indicated in the lexicographical sources, and the number of units in each topic. The results make it possible to clarify the understanding of the Russian and French linguistic worldviews and can be used in the process of the linguistic and axiological analyses of different languages.