Methodological Basis Research Articles

Emotional distress of adolescents from dysfunctional families as a subject of scientific research

The article provides a scientific justification for the relevance of studying emotional distress of adolescents from dysfunctional families. The social significance of the topic is noted: the emotional distress of adolescent children not only makes unhappy themselves, but also reduces the level of social health of the family and the whole society, affecting social security. The purpose of the research is a theoretical analysis of sources of scientific information which, presumably, can form a methodological basis for studying family predictors of the adolescent emotional distress. The material in the article is presented in accordance with four research questions concerning the formulation of this scientific problem, its current state in domestic and foreign social psychology, and its poorly studied aspects. The definition of the concept of the emotional distress is clarified, its similarity to the concept of emotional modality is shown; the already established features of the emotional sphere of adolescent children are noted. It is concluded that by now there are prerequisites for studying families with adolescents simultaneously from the standpoint of socio-psychological and systemic approaches. A model of empirical research of the family predictors of the emotional distress of adolescents from dysfunctional families is proposed. The prospects of practical application of the study results are outlined.

Primary basic criminal law categories: crime, punishment

The subject of the study: criminal law categories. The issue of criteria for classifying a certain criminal law term into a category remains problematic and debatable. The purpose of the study: to identify the primary basic criminal law categories, to substantiate their features. Research methods: due to the specifics of the study, the methods of system-structural and functional analysis are used as the main ones. as a methodological basis for the study. The dialectical method of cognition of socio-legal phenomena is used, as well as general scientific methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis), private scientific (formal logical, epistemological). The main results of the study: the primary basic criminal law categories are crime and punishment. The category of criminal liability is a secondary criminal law category, since it is derived from the primary legal category of legal liability. The author formulates the signs that characterize the criminal law category.

Directions for the development of socially oriented taxation of income of Russians

Personal income tax (hereinafter referred to as PIT), in interaction with other instruments, can have a significant impact on the implementation of social goals aimed at improving the quality of life of Russians, reducing poverty, overcoming monetary inequality, and supporting low-income citizens, including families with children. The article is aimed at studying the theoretical and practical aspects of taxation of personal income regulated by Chapter 23 of the Russian Tax Code. It reveals the significant role of the PIT due to its revenue potential for the budget system of the Russian Federation and its regulatory impact on socio-economic processes in conditions of geopolitical tension, describes the current system of tax deductions, the need and directions for its improvement. The methodological basis of the study is founded on the analysis of scientific publications and open data of public authorities posted on their official websites. The analysis has been conducted using comparison methods, systemic logical and semantic analysis, synthesis of theoretical and practical material. The purpose of the study is to propose a gradual improvement of the mechanisms for providing standard and social tax deductions by increasing their sizes, introducing a subsistence minimum as a non-taxable income for all categories of payers, expanding the scope of application with consideration to the results of the ongoing socio-economic policy. The conclusions and generalisations of the study can be used when legislative and executive authorities and the scientific community develop proposals for improving the provisions of Chapter 23 of the Russian Tax Code, which will create a socially oriented domestic tax system.

“POLITICALLY MATURE AND EXPERIENCED ONE...”: SOME MODELS OF ROTATION OF THE FIRST SECRETARIES OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY REGIONAL COMMITTEE IN THE 2ND HALF OF THE 1940S TO THE 50S (based on the materials of the Upper Volga regions)

The article analyses the models of rotation of regional leadership in the Upper Volga regions at the end of Stalin’s period and in the beginning of Khrushchev’s one. The focus is on the 3 first secretaries of the Communist Party regional committee in the 1940–50s - Pavel Alfyorov, Vladimir Luk’yanov, Fyodor Titov, who at different times were Party leaders of Vladimir, Ivanovo, and Yaroslavl regions. Attention is paid to quantitative and institutional characteristics associated with personnel rotations of late Stalinism and Khrushchev Thaw. The methodological basis of the study was the principles of historicism and systematicity, the prosopographic method, a combination of analysis of archival documents and sources of personal origin. The theoretical basis of the article is based on the ideas of Yelena Zubkova, Aleksandr Konovalov, Aleksey Fyodorov, Oleg Khlevniuk, Yoram Gorlizki. The source base is represented by documents from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History, materials from documentary publications and reference publications, and personal sources (memoirs, interviews). The article concludes, that the biographies of the first secretaries of the regional committees of the Upper Volga regions (Pavel Alfyorov, Vladimir Luk’yanov, Fyodor Titov) demonstrate 3 different models of rotation of regional leadership personnel of Stalin and Khrushchev periods, but do not exhaust the diversity of personnel movements in the post-war USSR. It is noted that the first rotation model “From region to region”, inherent in Vladimir Luk’yanov, can be considered typical of the group of successful Stalinist promoters of the late 1930s. It is emphasised that the second model “Region-centre-region”, inherent in Pavel Alfyorov, reflects a move across the regions with a short-term return to the central apparatus of an experienced but not quite successful Party functionary. It is stated that the third model “Second-First-Second”, inherent in Fyodor Titov, was more rare, characterised by alternating the position of first secretary of the regional committee in the regions of the Russian Soviet Republic and second secretary in the republican communist parties of the USSR. The significance for career growth in the 1940-50s is noted considering the positions of second secretary of the regional committee, chairman of the regional executive committee, inspector of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, structures of the central apparatus. As the finishing point in the nomenclature career of Party functionaries of the 1950–60s, the Party Control Committee is indicated. The publication is an invitation to discussion for representatives of the scientific community regarding the typification and classification of regional Party leaders of the Soviet era.

State and trends in the development of the microfinance market in Russia

The relevance of the article is due to the insignificant contribution of microfinance to the development of the Russian economic system, especially in the context of supporting small and medium-sized businesses. However, the regulator sees it as a promising sector of the financial market and considers its progressive development necessary. The purpose of the work is to study the current state and identify trends in the development of the microfinance market in Russia. The methodological basis of the study includes empirical observation and analysis. During the work, official statistical data and scientific publications on the topic of microfinance have been used. The article provides a review of current legislative documents regulating the microfinance sector, and analyses the state of the market based on statistical data. It is substantiated that some elements of the monetary and financial policies pursued in the Russian Federation can be applied for the successful development of the microfinance sector, contribute to its effective and balanced work, and improve accessibility and sustainability. In the course of the work, key directions for the development of the microfinance market are formed: improving regulation and supervision; promoting financial literacy of the population; application of digital technologies; expansion and diversification of the product portfolio, development of partnerships, social entrepreneurship, which contribute to the sustainable development of this segment of the financial market. Particular attention is paid to a detailed analysis of improving the regulatory framework for microfinance in Russia from the point of view of legislation on bankruptcy of individuals, stimulating innovation and digitalisation, and supporting social entrepreneurship.

AXIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL MECHANISM FOR THE CONVERGENCE OF EU ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH POLICY

Abstract. The article addresses the issues of developing and implementing a unified strategy in the field of health policy and medical law in the European Union. The main focus is on analyzing differences between national legislations, assessing the institutional capacity of member states to adapt European standards, and studying the impact of a unified strategy on pan-European health effectiveness. Particular attention is given to the role of the European Parliament in shaping health policy and the potential of technological innovations to improve the quality of medical services. The purpose of the research. The purpose of the research is to determine and summarize the axiological aspects of the convergence of the European Union's activities in the field of health policy. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research includes an axiological analysis of national and European legislative acts, a comparative analysis of national approaches to medical standards, and an assessment of the institutional capacity of EU member states to adapt European standards. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the comprehensive analysis of the convergence of health policy in the EU and the study of the impact of a unified strategy on pan-European health effectiveness, with a focus on the harmonization of medical standards and regulations. Conclusions. The effective implementation of the EU's convergence strategy in health policy is a key factor in improving public health, preventing diseases, and eliminating threats to physical and mental health at the pan-European level.

Факторная модель личностного выбора соучастия в экстремальном добровольчестве и его диагностика

The article is devoted to improving psychological support for volunteering in extreme conditions. The emphasis is placed on the establishment of predictors of personal choice of participation in volunteerism, the development of an integrative model and diagnostic tools for assessing readiness for participating activities. The subject of the study is a model of personal choice of participation in extreme volunteerism. The aim is to substantiate an integrative model of personal choice of participation in extreme volunteerism, to develop an appropriate diagnostic methodology based on it. The methodological basis is based on axiological, holistic, activity-based and subjective approaches. Semantic analysis of diagnostic constructs, as well as expert assessment and psychological testing were used (questionnaire «Scale of dispositional egoism» (K. Muzdybaev); questionnaire «Motivation for help» (S.K. Nartova-Bochaver); questionnaire of value orientations (adaptation of M. Rokich's methodology); indicative questionnaire «Personality orientation» (V. Smekal, M. Kucera adaptation by N.M. Peisakhov); questionnaire on motivation of volunteer activity (K.V. Gil); methodology for diagnosing achievement motivation (A. Mehrabian); methods of diagnosing personal maturity (V.A. Ruzhenkov); test of resilience (S. Muddy, adaptation by D.A. Leontiev, E.I. Rasskazova); questionnaire «Coping behavior» (R. Lazurus, S. Folkman, adaptation by S. Hobfall); value questionnaire (Sh. Schwartz); original author's methods – a questionnaire for assessing the propensity to extreme volunteering, an assessment of manifestations of professional personality deformation, a questionnaire for evaluating the choice of participation in extreme volunteerism). The sample size is 218 people. Applied: descriptive statistics, factor analysis, meta-analysis of data. According to the results of the study, the 16 factor structure of the choice of complicity is justified, which includes: «Prosocial value orientations», «Ideality», «Integrity of worldview», «Voluntary sense orientation», «Motivation», «Interest in volunteerism», «Propensity to extreme activity», «Dedication», «Critical thinking», «Extreme perceptual congruence», «Emotional stenicity», «Self-control», «Activity in extreme conditions», «Extreme vitality», «Self-organization», «Reliability». The novelty lies in the development of an integrative model and a questionnaire for evaluating the choice of participation in volunteerism. The results can be applied by psychologists of law enforcement agencies and volunteer organizations in conducting psychological selection and training of volunteers.

Hybrid diagnosis-related groups-The challenge

The introduction of hybrid diagnosis-related groups (DRG) presents new challenges for healthcare providers and health insurances. The same applied in 2023 to the institute designated by the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) to extract medical procedures and calculate remuneration levels for the first hybrid DRGs. Aresponsible calculation methodology and arealistic data basis are required as the result of the calculation can lead to controversy, even to a splitting among specialist groups and constructs. There is also the threat of mismanagement with subsequent supply problems. In this context, aloss of quality can occur due to the use of simple surgical procedures that are less complex and not expensive with respect to material costs and are economical but not state of the art and thus directly worsen the medical care of patients in the statutory health insurance (GKV). Furthermore, it is already becoming apparent that procedures that are uneconomical due to the miscalculation are partially no longer being comprehensively rendered by healthcare providers due to adjustment of the service portfolio. An appropriate compensation of procedures is only possible based on a remuneration that adequately covers the costs. In this respect, this article is not intended to be understood as a"solution to the problem of the internal distribution of the remuneration in hybrid DRGs" but more to offer suggestions for solutions for the required further development of the hybrid DRG compensation level calculation to prevent a threat to the treatment of GKV patients due to mismanagement. As required in §115fof the SozialgesetzbuchV (SGBV), the recalculation of an economic remuneration must be carried out urgently and promptly using an empirical calculation basis and methodology and this must be regularly adapted.

Integration of flexible corporate demographic policy tools into the personnel management system

Amid staff shortages and rising labour costs, many Russian enterprises are looking for non-material methods to man age personnel. Organizational, labour and socio-psychological aspects of employee incentives are closely linked to the corporate demographic policy tools. The article aims to analyse the demand for flexible working arrangements for employees with family responsibilities, as well as to determine the opportunities for integrating flexible organizational and labour tools of corporate de mographic policy into the personnel management system. Flexibilization theory in the context of corporate demographic policy constitutes the methodological basis of the study. The standard methods of structured personal interviews, frequency analysis with equality of proportions hypothesis test using a chi-square statistic, and comparison of mean values based on the Kruskal Wallis test were applied. The empirical evidence includes collective agreements and local regulations of the largest employers in the Russian Federation, as well as results of a sociological survey conducted in June–September, 2023 (the analyzed sample cov ered 2,804 respondents). The study statistically proves that employees working flexible hours are more satisfied with their job and life compared to those with rigid schedules. It also shows that flexible working arrangements are in demand among employees with parental commitments. The paper presents a model and an algorithm for integrating flexible organizational and labour tools of corporate demographic policy into the personnel management system. We develop a list of HR metrics and identify potential positive implications of this integration through strengthening the HR brand, increasing employee loyalty and engagement, and reducing staff turnover.

О практике развития некоторых элементов конвергентного образования в технологическом вузе

The article examines the experience of the Faculty of Humanities and its Center for Cognitive Psychology at the University of Technology in involving students in research and applied scientific projects through cooperation and integration of the humanities and technology departments of the University. The ideas of the transformation of the country's educational system and the change of its methodological, pedagogical and technological guidelines in response to modern challenges and risks are analyzed, primarily for the younger generation in need of social adaptation and deeper natural science and humanitarian training for professional and personal growth. The attempts to substantiate the definition of "convergent education" are analyzed. All of them are based on an understanding, to one degree or another, of an interdisciplinary methodological approach to the formation of educational programs, in order to overcome the highly professional training of specialists and avoid formalizing the content of educational material, taking into account the productive interaction of the fundamental component of humanitarian and professional knowledge, the use of modern methods of automation of various types of information activities using information and computer technologies (algorithmization of learning, information modeling). In general, the convergence of education is defined as a process of learning and upbringing, which is a consequence of the implementation of the modern educational paradigm aimed at understanding, rather than memorizing, education for change, the ability to withstand stress, live in a digital world, preserving humanity, sociability and collectivism, ensuring teamwork, preservation and development of the humanitarian and intellectual component "in the context of the interpenetration of sciences and technologies in the implementation of the convergence of real and virtual communications. The scientific and methodological basis for the development of convergent education at the first stage was the development of scientific and pedagogical practices. This can include the management of students' research activities (R&D), involving them in the development and implementation of various projects of scientific laboratories and centers of departments and faculties. The article summarizes some of the experience of the Center for Cognitive Psychology of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities - SGT (until 2022 – ISGT– Institute) of the Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education "K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State Technical University (PKU)", which was actively involved in the process of cluster formation in the conditions of the university's transformation into an innovative expert–analytical platform, the formation of an expert-educational cluster of excellence "NBICS-technologies of the food industry".

Perception of commercial advertising by generations Y and Z

Generations Y and Z make up a significant share of consumers, so businesses need to adapt their advertising strategies and communication methods to the characteristics of each generation. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the differences in the perception of commercial advertising by generations Y and Z. The methodological basis of the study is marketing theory and the theory of generations. Comparison of means tests, linear regression, and Lasso regression were used as research methods. The data set of the study is represented by data from a survey of 308 respondents conducted in February 2023 and designed us ing the semantic differential method. Our findings show statistically significant differences in the perception by generations Y and Z of the colour temperature of a commercial, the dynamism and volume of the music, and friendliness of the actors. Among the factors affecting the probability of purchase by both generations are the need for product, colour temperature, and high-quality commercial editing, while generation Z is influenced by the semantic component and friendliness of the actors, and generation Y – by the emotional component. Generation Y consumers are more prone to impulse buying behaviour. The factors influencing the likelihood to purchase are ranked in descending order of importance: for generation Z, these are the need for product, inter est in the plot of the commercial, attractiveness of the actors, and exclusivity of the offer; for generation Y, these are the need for product, inspiration after watching, depth of meaning of the advertisement, and exclusivity of the offer. The results of the study may be useful to representatives of the marketing and advertising industry.

Comparison of dry and wet electroencephalography for the assessment of cognitive evoked potentials and sensor-level connectivity

BackgroundMultipin dry electrodes (dry EEG) provide faster and more convenient application than wet EEG, enabling extensive data collection. This study aims to compare task-related time-frequency representations and resting-state connectivity between wet and dry EEG methods to establish a foundation for using dry EEG in investigations of brain activity in neuropsychiatric disorders.MethodsIn this counterbalanced cross-over study, we acquired wet and dry EEG in 33 healthy participants [n = 22 females, mean age (SD) = 24.3 (± 3.4) years] during resting-state and an auditory oddball paradigm. We computed mismatch negativity (MMN), theta power in task EEG, and connectivity measures from resting-state EEG using phase lag index (PLI) and minimum spanning tree (MST). Agreement between wet and dry EEG was assessed using Bland–Altman bias.ResultsMMN was detectable with both systems in time and frequency domains, but dry EEG underestimated MMN mean amplitude, peak latency, and theta power compared to wet EEG. Resting-state connectivity was reliably estimated with dry EEG using MST diameter in all except the very low frequencies (0.5–4 Hz). PLI showed larger differences between wet and dry EEG in all frequencies except theta.ConclusionDry EEG reliably detected MMN and resting-state connectivity despite a lower signal-to-noise ratio. This study provides the methodological basis for using dry EEG in studies investigating the neural processes underlying psychiatric and neurological conditions.

Роль банків у процесах тінізації економіки України

Introduction. The relevance of the article is due to the growing role of banking institutions in the process of shadowing the Ukrainian economy, which negatively affects the financial stability of the state. Problem Statement. The shadow economy has been identified as one of the main threats to the economic stability and security of the state. The study of the role of banking institutions in illegal transactions by entities whose purpose is money laundering, using various schemes and methods of financial fraud, is considered from the standpoint of substantiating directions and effective tools for countering shadowing of the economy. The implementation of such measures at the national and corporate level in accordance with international norms will make it possible to strengthen control over banking transactions, increase stability of the banking and financial systems and, ultimately, improve the level of economic security of the country. Purpose. Analysis of the role of banking institutions in the shadow economy, justification of directions and tools for counteracting the participation of banks in the shadow economy. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is the fundamental provisions of economic theory, theories of management and state regulation of the economy, economic and mathematical modeling, the theory of money, finance and credit, scientific achievements on the shadow economy and measures to counteract its manifestations. Results. The study identifies the role of banking institutions and proposes a typology of forms of their participation in the shadow economy, including: legalization of proceeds of crime; use of correspondent accounts; use of fictitious companies and front persons; offshore accounts; lending and deposit operations of banks; securities manipulation; and other financial fraud. The impact of these mechanisms on the economic stability of the state and the banking system is analyzed. A comparative analysis of international experience in combating money laundering is carried out, and effective tools for preventing shadow operations are identified. The trends and factors of shadowing the Ukrainian economy are analyzed. To assess the impact of banking institutions on the spread of the shadow economy, it is proposed to use the Simpson distribution for shadow cash flows and discount rates with the participation of banking institutions. The instruments of counteracting the participation of banks in the processes of shadowing the Ukrainian economy are substantiated. Conclusions. Further research is planned to focus on the impact of modern digital technologies, such as blockchain and cryptocurrencies, on money laundering through banking institutions. A promising area is the development of innovative methods of financial monitoring and identification of suspicious transactions, in particular with the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning. It is also important to study the effectiveness of international cooperation and develop recommendations for improving the legislative framework for combating money laundering through banking institutions.

МАРКЕТИНГОВІ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ЦІНОВОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ НА ПОВЕДІНКУ СПОЖИВАЧІВ

Abstract Introduction. Economic terms "marketing pricing policy" are considered in the article, "behavior of consumers", interpretation different foreign and home scientists, it is given their description. The role of marketing pricing policy is investigational for companies and consumers of products or services. It is considered types of consumer behavior and their reaction on a price. The purpose of the article. Research of approaches in relation to determination of concept "marketing pricing policy" their value and terms of pricing, consideration of term "behavior of consumers", research of types of behavior of consumers and their reaction on a price. Methods. During research the methods of comparison, analysis, synthesis, abstraction, theoretical, historical and logical generalization are used. The dialectical method of research became methodological basis. Results. It is exposed essence of economic term "marketing pricing policy" and "behavior of consumers". The conducted research showed that a competent price policy is an important component of the company's marketing strategy, because the price is one of the key factors taken into account by consumers when making purchase decisions. The study of consumer behavior is a priority area in the activity of any company, because consumers, after purchasing goods, bring profit to it. Therefore, for the successful operation of the company, customers must be in the center of attention. By studying consumers, their motives, wishes, price categories, and purchase processes, companies try to offer buyers exactly what they need. Conclusiоns. A study of theoretical and practical aspects of the marketing policy of pricing and consumer behavior was conducted, the types of consumer behavior and their reaction to the price were investigated. It was determined that the influence of marketing price policy on consumers is a key factor in making a purchase decision. Price politics determines the cost of commodities and services, that influences on perception of general utility of product consumers. The question of the factors that influence the behavior of consumers that most encourage the purchase of goods or services requires further research. Defining the role and place of price in making a purchase.

Political PR in International Digital Communications: The Experience of the Eurasian Media Space

Digital media has become an integral part of the political life of citizens, as an increasing number of people around the world use digital media technologies for communication. Digital media contribute to the formation of socio-political factors that raise concerns about the spread of disinformation, information disagreements and political polarization.Aim. To analyze the tools, problems and opportunities of political PR in the context of digitalization of the media space in foreign countries and the EAEU countries.Tasks. To give significant ideas about the concepts of “political public relations” and “political communication”; to identify factors influencing political communication processes; to present international experience in the application of political PR in the context of digitalization of media; to formulate the possibilities for the development of Eurasian integration in the context of digitalization of the media space.Methods. The methodological basis of the scientific research was such modern general scientific research methods as: comparative analysis, statistical and structural-logical methods, content analysis of open sources of information.Results. The paper defines the role and importance of digital media in political PR activities, identifies traditional and modern factors of influence on political activity, as well as problems in the new digital reality. To build political communications with the audience, its impact and increase engagement, political organizations use new media technologies using multimodality. In practice, the digital inequality of the world population deprives a number of people of digital communication, and as a result, the necessary conditions for participation in the political and economic life of the country. The digital divide of the EAEU countries reduces the political communicative impact on citizens’ beliefs in the need to strengthen integration processes. It seems appropriate to introduce consistency in the formation of the Eurasian integration agenda and a single digital information field to increase the political culture of civic engagement in all EAEU member states.Conclusions. With the help of variation of resources, the necessary content is formed to create the necessary audience effect. Indeed, digital media has a number of advantages that have been proven in practice, however, political PR is influenced by the negative side of the development of digital communications — the spread of fake news, most of which cannot be traced to the source. Therefore, the transformation of digital opportunities, the distribution of political resources, the dissemination of political discourse and the structure of political opportunities in the digital age is the most relevant in the modern world. Using the example of the EAEU countries, it is proved that digitalization in the international media space causes the involvement of citizens of different countries in integration, generalization and formation of public support for the state.

Analysis of the Current State and Prospects for the Development of the Tourism Services Market in China

Aim. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of the Chinese tourism services market and the prospects for its development in the context of the public policy of the PRC.Tasks. Research objectives: perform a cluster analysis of entrepreneurial activity in the field of tourism, construct a diagram of the distribution of travel agencies by clusters; comply with the current state of the tourism services market in terms of key metrics; study government support measures for the industry; determine the prospects for the development of the tourism services market of the PRC and Russian-Chinese cooperation in the context of the implementation of the new “double circulation” strategy.Methods. Methodological basis and research methods: systematic approach, logical analysis, synthesis, cluster and regression analysis, content analysis of open sources.Results. The results obtained: the supply-side model of China’s modern tourism landscape includes three clusters; The specificity of China’s domestic tourism market is the holiday tourism segment; a new driver of economic growth is domestic tourism, the preferences of domestic tourists reflect a wide range of interests; the system of state support for tourism includes direct and indirect methods that adapt to changes in the external and internal environment.Conclusions. With a high probability, the prospects for cooperation between the PRC and the Russian Federation are assessed quite highly; favorable factors in the development of Russian-Chinese cooperation are the opening of new “windows of opportunity” after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the restriction of outbound tourist flows to unfriendly countries and changes in the vector towards the BRICS countries, SCO, and EAEU.

Features of labour education of students in modern social and educational environments

Introduction. The article presents the results of investigating the problem of labor education in the context of current changes in the social and educational environments. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of labor education in modern social and educational spheres from the standpoint of continuity of the tasks of its implementation at various levels of education and consistency with the tasks of general education. Materials and Methods. The theoretical research methods include sources analysis and analysis of educational programs for different levels of education. Empirical research methods used in the study include exploration of teaching experience and a questionnaire. The survey involved: 8,850 preschool teachers from 53 regions of the Russian Federation; 317,166 parents (legal representatives) of preschool-age children from 87 regions of the country; 4,913 deputy directors of comprehensive schools, representing 61 regions; 190,080 parents of school-age students, representing 88 regions. Results. The conducted research revealed: insufficient formalization of theoretical provisions; disunity of existing individual practices of labor education, their insufficient continuity at different levels of education and consistency with the tasks of general education; low activity of parents in the implementation of tasks of labor education as the child develops, vagueness of parents’ ideas about the significance and content of labor education at different levels of education. Methodological bases and conditions for the implementation of labor education in modern social and educational environments are formulated. Conclusions. The identified features of labor education at the present stage reflect the insufficient development of theoretical and methodological foundations for organizing labor education of students and actualize the need for further study of the problem, as well as the development of a model of labor education taking into account continuity at various levels of education and consistency with the priority tasks of general, secondary vocational education and model (federal) educational programs.

ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EQUITY MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURAL, FORESTRY AND FISHERY ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE

The purpose of the research is to generalize the theoretical and methodological aspects and implementation an analytical evaluation of the effectiveness of the management of equity of agricultural, forestry and fishery enterprises of Ukraine using the data of official statistics on large, medium and small enterprises for ten years (2013-2022) as a basis for directing analysis results for the further search for reserves to improve the efficiency of equity management. Methodology. The basis of the research methodology is a dialectical approach, an analysis of data on the composition and structure of equity capital of agricultural, forestry and fishing enterprises of Ukraine for the period from 2013 to 2022 with the division of enterprises into large, medium and small using official statistical information, published on the website of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The results of the research showed that in the period from 2013 until 2022, the largest increase in the equity capital of agricultural, forestry and fishing enterprises of Ukraine was observed at the end of 2015 compared to the end of 2014 due to the simultaneous increase in the value of the indicator at enterprises of different sizes. In the structure of equity capital, the share of retained earnings (uncovered loss) was the most significant. In the vast majority of the research years, at average and small enterprises, cash revenue exceeded the amount of equity capital, while at large enterprises, from 2016 to 2022, equity capital made less than one turnover per year. As the calculations showed, large enterprises in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries of Ukraine do not properly take advantage of the possibilities of the influence of the scale of production on the formation of indicators of the efficiency of the use of equity. Practical implications. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in their focus on confirming the expediency of the further search for reserves to increase the efficiency of the use of equity, first of all, by large enterprises in the field of agriculture, forestry and fisheries of Ukraine. Value / Originality. The results of the conducted research serve as the basis for further in-depth analysis and search for reserves to increase the efficiency of equity management at different sized of business entities.

Professionally significant qualities of teaching producing in the context of digital development: Evaluating the effectiveness by education stakeholders

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the level of communicative culture in future economists in the digital era. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the effectiveness of professionally important qualities of teaching producing in universities of Economics, taking into account the digital format of interaction. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study is the Pareto optimality principle (2080), which allows the authors to determine the necessary minimum of teaching resources in terms of modern communication knowledge for training economists in the digital age. During the study, an online survey was conducted in order to substantiate the effectiveness of professionally important qualities of teaching producing in the context of the digital specifics of the socio-economic space. The research sample consisted of students and academic staff of economics departments of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Omsk State Pedagogical University, and Omsk State Technical University. Results. The theoretical analysis of the research problem revealed professionally important qualities of teaching producing (communication skills, digitals kills, knowledge of the principles of teaching ethics to create an atmosphere of trust and psychological safety), which facilitate the development of future economists’ communicative culture (motivational, cognitive, and functional components). According to the results of the empirical part of the study, the education stakeholders highly appreciated the effectiveness of professionally significant qualities of teaching producing and their positive correlation. Conclusions. The use of the Pareto rule allows the authors to conclude that the formation of professionally significant t qualities of teaching producing, which make up about 20% of the professional qualities composition for academic staff at universities of economics, determines 80% of the productivity of educational outcomes in terms of developing future economists’ communicative culture. This, in turn, determines the ability of graduates to build communication taking into account the career prospects at various levels of digitalization and interaction with artificial intelligence systems.

Manifestations of emotional burnout in rehabilitation centers staff

Introduction. High emotional intensity of professional activities of rehabilitation centers staff, the need to constantly respond to unexpected non-standard pedagogical situations, the requirements for empathy and reflection in conditions of uncertainty, etc. determine the development of emotional burnout. Consequently, an employee suffering from emotional burnout cannot fulfill professional duties efficiently and solve tasks set by the organization. In this regard, it is necessary to understand the emotional sphere manifestations in employees of rehabilitation centers and organize appropriate preventive work. The purpose of this article is to summarize the data on studying the emotional peculiarities, to identify the manifestations of emotional burnout in rehabilitation centers employees. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the research includes studying the content of the phenomenon of emotional burnout with the focus on personal and professional self-fulfillment. In order to solve the research tasks the authors used analysis and generalization as theoretical methods and empirical methods, including testing, conversation, and methods of quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The sample consisted of 124 employees of rehabilitation centers in the Krasnodar Territory. Results. The article presents a theoretical overview and summarizes the results of studying the emotional sphere of rehabilitation centers employees. The study reveals the manifestations of emotional burnout, clarifies essential aspects of emotional disorders prevention. Conclusions. Emotional exhaustion, stress resistance disorders, tension, etc. are revealed as basic manifestations of emotional burnout in the research sample. The article concludes that prevention should be comprehensive and take into account the identified characteristics of emotional disorders.