Basis Of Expert Assessment Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF MARTIAL LAW ON MANAGEMENT DECISIONS REGARDING ENSURING THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

The aim of this article is to present an approach to assessing the most significant negative factors that have arisen as a result of the introduction of martial law on the decision-making system and the implementation of managerial decisions in the context of ensuring the financial security of a modern enterprise. For this purpose, the object of research is the financial security of machine-building enterprises. A review of the literature has shown that a significant number of scientific papers today aim to present ways to increase the level of financial security, but not all of them understand that the most significant need of the subjects of financial support of machine-building enterprises is the assessment and consideration of negative factors in decision-making. Thus, the scientific task was to present a theoretical and methodological approach to assessing the negative factors of martial law on the management of financial security of a modern Ukrainian enterprise in the field of mechanical engineering. The problem was solved using the methods of system and hierarchical analysis, graph theory and on the basis of expert assessments. As a result, we presented step-by-step instructions on how to assess the negative factors and identified the most significant of them, the consideration of which is critically important in the process of managing the financial security of a modern Ukrainian machine-building enterprise. Prospects for further research will be based on expanding this list and narrowing the focus on the internal processes of machine-building enterprises.

Searching for Alternative Development of Economy and Marketing Role of Higher Economics Education in Russia

Economy of the country and regions today find themselves in a complicated situation of choosing alternative ways of development. Declining international influence leads to analysis and substantiation of new ways of development. Marketing as a centre of coordination for region sustainable development is becoming a supporting structure for the growing appeal on home market. Higher economics education and its agents, i. e. Russian universities of economics will bear high responsibility for searching and substantiation of alternatives ways of working on markets. On the basis of expert assessment and comparative analysis of economics and other regional universities (pedagogical, technical, classical) competitive advantages of specialized higher education institutions in working with mass media were demonstrated. Managerial features, professional orientation of education and training programs, economic links with regional enterprises can highlight these advantages. Rising requirements of branch regulators to media activity of universities result in chaotization of information flows and increase in their impact on regional positioning. Therefore, we can observe an antagonistic dualism between harsh reality and magic virtual pictures. The authors put forward a logical scheme for resolving this problem, relying on synthesis of institutionalism, cluster approach (according to M. Porter) and conventional territorial and industrial marketing.

MODERN APPROACHES TO FORECASTING CORPORATE INCOME TAX REVENUES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal model for forecasting corporate income tax revenues. The subject of the study is modern methods of forecasting income tax revenues to the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation, based on mathematical and statistical, regression and autoregressive models with a moving average. The article identifies the advantages and disadvantages of existing approaches to forecasting tax revenues, as well as defines the conditions for the applicability of the considered models in conditions of high dynamics of changes in market conditions and macroeconomic uncertainty. The results of the study are presented, which make it possible to establish the optimal methodology for forecasting corporate income tax receipts, taking into account the statistical limitations of the planning horizon, as well as to identify a forecasting mechanism available for use in long-term planning. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that it is advisable to combine tax forecasting models to achieve optimal predictive and analytical indicators, as well as to apply this approach only within the framework of short-term planning. The final forecast indicator can be identified on the basis of expert assessments, the average value of the indicators obtained, or through a combination of these approaches: an expert assessment of the weighting coefficients to calculate the weighted average value of the forecast indicator.

FEATURES OF THE USE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES TO SUPPORT PROJECT PROCESSES IN DISTRIBUTED TEAMS

The study presents an in-depth analysis of the role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the context of managing project processes in distributed teams. The main focus is on the classification and evaluation of the effectiveness of communication and information technologies as tools that significantly increase productivity and contribute to the optimization of work processes in such distributed teams. The main interpretations of the concept of distribution in project teams are given.
 The methodological approach of the article is based on a comprehensive analysis of existing problems of communication and information exchange in distributed teams. A systematic approach was used to structure and define the main channels of communication, based on a hierarchical diagram developed on the basis of expert assessments and analysis of work processes.
 The results of the study present a detailed comparative analysis of widely used platforms for project management, such as Trello, Asana, Jira, Microsoft Project, etc., with an emphasis on their functionality, areas of application, and project management models and assignments in terms of distribution in project teams.
 The authors carried out a comprehensive comparison of communication and information systems, as a result, a number of main trends in the use of ICT in project management over the past four years were revealed. Special attention is paid to the most popular tools, the definition of their unique features and the potential of application in various projects. Innovative approaches to the automation of project processes in the context of project management platforms for distributed teams are also considered, with the proposal of a new algorithm for their implementation.
 The conducted analysis makes an important contribution to the understanding of how information and communication technologies can be applied to improve the efficiency and productivity of distributed teams, in particular in the aspects of supporting project processes. The study contributes to a deep understanding of the key factors affecting the successful integration of the considered technologies into modern project practices.

Human potential: conceptual approaches and measurement methods

In the conditions of the emergence of a new technological, and perhaps also social, structure, the main source of national wealth is considered to be «human potential», because the main sectors of economy are education, healthcare, science and culture, which form the so-called knowledge economy. The article is devoted to study of human potential: genesis of this concept, its definition and measurement techniques. It is substantiated that the concept of «human potential» is one of the key, integral ones for study and diagnosis of social processes. It needs a broad interpretation and cannot be reduced to purely economic concepts such as «human capital», «human resources», «labor potential» or «human potential of economy». It is necessary to distinguish between «quality of life» and «human potential» and consider the first as a means, and the second as the end, understanding that improving the quality of life does not necessarily entail increasing the quality of the population and vice versa. The author’s definition of human potential and a 5-stage model for its implementation are given. In the case of an increase in the useful effect of potential realization, the quantitative characteristics of the population, which primarily include demographic characteristics, will lose their importance compared to the qualitative ones. The work assessed domestic experience in human potential research and identified methodological approaches to its measurement using statistical indicators. It is proposed, on the basis of expert assessments and calculations, to use the method of extremely critical (threshold) indicators to assess human potential. Based on this method, a preliminary conclusion is made about the weakening of human potential, because over the past 30 years, not a single problem of expanded reproduction of a healthy, primarily indigenous population has been solved. The main results of the study can be used in developing activities in the field of strengthening Russian human potential and its implementation.

Assessment of Economic Security of Agricultural Exports of Kazakhstan

The agricultural sector of the country’s economy is one of the key areas of economic growth, an element of expanding export potential, which ensures the food and social security of Kazakhstan. Assessment of the probability and degree of threats in the organization of agricultural exports is an important area of research. The research is based on the following scientific methods: generalization, analysis, synthesis, statistical methods, graphical visualization, expert evaluation method. The analysis was based on statistical data from 2019 to 2021. This time interval covers the period before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in the field of agricultural exports. The purpose of the study is to summarize the most important criteria for assessing the likelihood and degree of threats in the organization of agricultural exports. The work highlights the significant stages and procedures of the export organization, and threat assessment indicators are summarized on the basis of expert assessment. The developed and proposed measurable values of indicators will allow the company to assess, monitor the probability and degree of occurrence of threats at the stages of the export process. The application of the assessment methodology will allow exporters and government agencies to rationally organize the infrastructure for exporting agricultural producers’ products.

Features of the market of marketing communications and their impact on the activities of fishing industry enterprises

Fisheries is one of the most important areas that allows you to obtain high-protein products of animal origin. At the level of meat, fish gives the human body the necessary protein, as well as trace elements. Fisheries is one of the important branches of the domestic economy, the main objectives of which are to meet the needs of the population in fish and fish products; to improve and expand the range of products of their processing; to ensure equal conditions of competition in the field of fisheries. Therefore, there is a need for scientific research on the study of the current state of the development of the fishing industry and the level of provision of the population of Russia with fish products. Of particular relevance are the issues of studying the market of fish products, forecasting the volume of its production for the future and the balance of its use (supply and demand), etc. The article considers the directions of marketing communications integration, analyzes the trends in the development of the marketing communications market in Russia on the basis of expert assessments. The conclusion is made about the integration of all marketing communication tools a priori for all market entities of different levels in order to achieve the overall effectiveness of their marketing activities.

Информатизация здравоохранения Республики Бурятия: проблемы и перспективы

The article presents analysis of problems and prospects of development of the health informatization in the Republic of Buryatia based on the results of the expert survey and SWOT-analysis. The aim of this study is to determine the state and problems of informatization of the health care system of the Republic of Buryatia on the basis of expert assessments and SWOT-analysis and to give an objective assessment of this process. The objectives of the study included following actions: to identify the achievements of informatization of healthcare in the Republic of Buryatia, including during the COVID-19 pandemic; to analyze the problems of informatization of healthcare in the Republic of Buryatia; to conduct a SWOT analysis of informatization of healthcare in the region; to develop scientific and practical recommendations for the development of informatization of regional healthcare, taking into account advanced world and Russian experience. As a result of comprehensive analysis, the problems and trends of informatization of healthcare in the region have been identified; the necessity of developing state support measures to attract IT specialists to the regional healthcare is substantiated; a SWOT analysis of informatization of the regional healthcare is performed, its strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats are identified. The author suggests promising directions for the development of health informatization in the region and specific scientific and practical recommendations.

Transport reform in St. Petersburg in the context of a smart city development strategy

The paper evaluates the results of the transport reform in St. Petersburg. It has been established that the current trends in the development of the urban economy in the modern world are being implemented in line with a smart city development strategy, and St. Petersburg is no exception in this regard. It was revealed that the main emphasis in planning the transport reform in St. Petersburg was placed on the systemic nature of its implementation. With this in mind, the authors developed and tested a comprehensive model for evaluating the results of the reform, appealing to the methodology of strategic analysis, taking into account information from open sources. The proposed model was tested on the basis of expert assessments and visualized using heat map tools. As a result, the most significant difficulties faced by the city administration during the implementation of the transport reform were identified, and the need for continuous monitoring (including using sociological survey data) of the model parameters to assess the dynamics of public transport reform was argued. The materials of the paper were tested during a series of round tables held by the St. Petersburg State University in 2022, which were devoted to the strategy of smart city development.

Стратегическая концепция автоматизации системы организации обучения курсантов военного института

Recently, the solution of complex problems of automation of organizational learning systems and the improvement of its individual areas has not always been sufficiently developed. This negatively affects the systematic approach to this problem in the process of training cadets of the institute, and often leads to unreasonably and unjustifiably large expenditures of finances and resources. All the presented problems and factors, in modern conditions, predetermine the special significance of the development of the process of automating the system for organizing the training of a military institute. The formation of a strategic conception for automating the system for training organization of cadets at the Naval Institute implies an increase in the efficiency of the educational process. The article defines ways to solve this issue on the basis of a systematic approach and the use of system diagnostics of automated training systems and training facilities at specific departments of the institute, based on modern weapons, information technologies, special information databases. And also, on the basis of expert assessments, software and technical methods for automating organizational training systems at the departments of the Naval Institute were determined. An opinion was expressed on the solution of interdepartmental disagreements and the creation of an engineering center that unites scientific personnel for the mass production of automated workstations and a software product for computer (complex) simulators of departments.

Modeling the process of searching for operationally significant information from open state information resources

Objective. The purpose of the study is to increase the effectiveness of measures to identify, investigate and disclose offenses and crimes based on the analysis of Internet resources in order to identify and structure information suitable for intellectual analysis; identify relationships between data categories, develop a model for obtaining operationally significant information from open government information resources. Method. The study is based on the use of statistical analysis to describe the general structure of information about an individual posted in official state information resources. A categorized list of relevant web resources containing operationally significant information about a person or subject of a crime is compiled on the basis of expert assessments of law enforcement officers. To determine the relationships between data categories, a graphical-analytical method for studying information flows was used, and a graph model for obtaining operationally significant information from open state information resources was built. Result. The results of the analysis of Internet resources in order to identify information suitable for intellectual analysis are presented, their structuring is carried out, relationships between data categories are identified, and a model for obtaining operationally significant information from open state information resources is developed. Conclusion. The conducted system analysis of the state information resources of the Internet made it possible to identify the relationship between the categories of data and use them to obtain operationally significant information from open state information resources. In practice, the constructed model can be used to optimize fuzzy search. To solve this problem, it seems possible to use Kohonen neural networks or Hamming algorithms. The apparatus of neural networks will allow you to determine patterns and optimize the search for operationally significant information.

Definisanje rizika na putnim deonicama pri transportu opasnog tereta u vojsci Srbije primenom modela linearnog matematičkog programiranja

Introduction/purpose: The paper presents a model for the selection of a route for the transport of dangerous goods using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) models and fuzzy logic systems. The presented model is used to define the risk on road sections during the transport of dangerous goods as well as to select the optimal route for the realization of the transport task. Methods: The model consists of two phases. The first phase includes the application of DEA models in which formed input and output models are connected in the output DEA final form which shows routes with a satisfactory level of traffic safety and at the same time eliminates routes with low traffic safety. The second phase involves the application of fuzzy logic systems, and as a way out of the fuzzy system, preference is given to one route. Route evaluation is based on six criteria, namely: route length, number of access points, AADT (annual average daily traffic), the number of traffic accidents with fatalities, the number of traffic accidents with the injured and the number of traffic accidents with material damage. When the values of the input criteria are entered, a calculation and evaluation is performed, and, as an exit from the fuzzy system, preference is given to one of the entered routes (the route with the lowest level of risk). The criteria used were defined on the basis of expert assessments. Results: A user program that represents decision support in traffic service. Conclusion: The user platform was created for the Matlab R2015a software package with the ability to be adapted to specific problems.

ПРОБЛЕМА УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ НЕГАТИВНОГО ВЛИЯНИЯ ФАКТОРОВ СРЕДЫ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ РАСШИРЕННОГО SWOT-АНАЛИЗА

A possibility to solve the problem of educational organization sustainable development in the negative environmental impact is discussed. Special attention is paid to curriculum organization during mass disease. Advanced SWOT analysis on the basis of expert assessment is proposed as a nine stages algorithm by the example of MIDIS, the obtained data are analyzed and managerial decisions are offered.

Transformation of the Assessment of the Quality of Educational Activities and Training of Future Science Teachers in the Context of the Pandemic

The article proposes the concept of transformation of the assessment of the quality of educational activities and the training of future science teachers, the main ideas of which are the objectivity of the assessment; its complex nature; the technological nature of the assessment procedures; their openness; the unity of normative and “non-normative” criteria. It is established that the transformation of the assessment of the quality of educational activities and the training of future science teachers necessitate a comprehensive transformation of its content, instrumental and technological characteristics. The technology of transformation of the assessment of the quality of educational activities and the training of future science teachers in the context of the pandemic has been developed, which involves the implementation of three interrelated stages – preparatory, main and final. Its implementation will ensure the adaptation of the assessment of the quality of educational activities to the changed conditions of education; the formation of the subject position of the student in the conditions of informatization of educational activities; improving the quality of professional education by individualizing the content of the assessment of the educational activities of future science teachers, as well as the variability of the assessment procedures used in its implementation. On the basis of expert assessments, proposals for the transformation of the assessment of the quality of educational activities and the training of future science teachers are formulated. Their implementation will allow not only to quickly identify problems in the content and procedural aspects of professional education of future science teachers, but also to timely determine the directions for improving its conditions.

ФОРМУВАННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ВИХОДУ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ТОВАРОВИРОБНИКА НА ЗОВНІШНІ РИНКИ

The article analyzes the problems of development of marketing strategy for Ukrainian manufacturers to enter into foreign markets. It is noted that the marketing strategy of a successful enterprise can not function effectively without the organization of successful sales on foreign markets. In 90s of the twentieth century, a powerful rise in the marketing of foreign trade as an important component of production costs, was initiated. When entering foreign markets, business owners need to know exactly which marketing steps will be profitable and what measures should be implemented to prevent losses. To do this, they need to properly evaluate marketing activities, using appropriate methods and tools of analysis. The aim of the article is to reveal the main factors and trends that influence the formation of the marketing strategy of the Ukrainian producer to enter foreign markets. It is emphasized that in Ukrainian economics there are several approaches to assessing of the effectiveness of the company's marketing policy in entering of foreign markets. Thus, the Ukrainian economist T. Derevianchenko proposed a systematization based on quantitative indicators of productivity assessment. Ukrainian economists V.Verba and O. Grebeshkov expressed the following: “all current methodological approaches to the parameter of the assessment tool should be reduced to two groups: 1) on the basis of expert assessments; 2) on the basis of the formulation of the material price". Regarding the next group of indicators, we will use the approaches expressed in the works of Ukrainian economist P. Savchuk, who says that in the current conditions the price of production as a measure of owner's capital has to be the comprehensive indicator of productive work of the enterprise. Theoretical works of foreign scientists are analyzed. J. Lanskold provided a detailed description of the effectiveness of marketing, based on a study of the indicator of return on marketing. T. Ambler proposed a different gradation of numerical and qualitative marketing features. F. Kotler gave the following definition of marketing strategy - a well-established scheme of marketing steps, through which the company hopes to carry out its marketing objectives. Porter emphasizes the following strategies: low cost, differentiation and consolidation.

НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЬ ТЕЧЕНИЯ ОСТРОГО ПЕРИОДА ГЕМОРРАГИЧЕСКОГО ИНСУЛЬТА: АНАЛИЗ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ МЕТОДОВ МНОГОМЕРНОЙ СТАТИСТИКИ

Background. Hemorrhagic stroke is an important medical and social problem both in the world and in the Russian Federation due to high parameters of morbidity, mortality and disability. Aim. To compare expert assessments and formalized multivariate statistical procedures in analysis of clinical inhomogeneity of patients with intracranial hematoma of supratentorial location. Materials and Methods. 75 Patients who took treatment in the neurovascular department of Ryazan Regional Clinical Hospital with the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke, were examined. Of them, there were 40 men and 35 women with the mean age 68.1 years. Results. Primarily, on the basis of expert assessments, the patients were divided to 2 groups: with unfavorable course and with relatively favorable course – satisfactory condition, regress of symptoms, recovery of the level of consciousness. In the first stage, in result of the primary expert assessment, the patients were divided to subgroups with favorable and unfavorable course. After that, significant for selection of groups variables were used in selection of clusters: method of hierarchial tree for determination of the number of groups; k-means method for identification of their elements. Discrimination analysis was used for selection of variables in NIHSS and GCS, and also for assessment of canonical correlations. After that, cluster analysis of NIHSS and GCS dynamics was conducted on the 1st, 3rd, 21st day for selection of groups in high-dimensional space of signs with exclusion of subjective expert assessments. Three main groups of patients were selected. In the second stage, in accordance with the number of groups, patients belonging to the corresponding clusters were identified using the k-means method. Cluster 1 included patients with a poor prognosis, clusters 2 and 3 suggested a more favorable course of the acute period with worse parameters in cluster 2. Conclusions. Use of discriminant functions confirms the role of severity of depression of consciousness and of the volume of hematoma in the unfavorable course.

Calculation of the labor potential of the company on the example of “Foundry and Mechanical Plant” OJSC

This article is dedicated to practical implementation of quantitative assessment of labor potential of the company. The author provides the results of implementation of the original methodology for calculating labor potential of the company on the example of “Foundry and Mechanical Plant” OJSC in the city of Semyonov of Nizhny Novgorod region. In the course of development of this methodology on the basis of expert assessments, the author determines the elements of labor potential and establishes correlation between them in order to calculate labor potential of the company in points. To determine the score of labor potential of the company is used the system of private indicators that characterize and substantiate each element: human resources, educational, professional, innovative, social, and economic. This process was implemented at the plant in cooperation with its management; all necessary data was collected, intermediate and total scores were calculated. The obtained total score for 2020 was 101.130 points, which is higher than the standard value of 100 points, and testifies to the good labor potential and positive dynamics of the company. The theoretical importance of the acquired results lies in the fact that they can serve as the foundation for the development of methodological guidelines for quantitative assessment of labor potential of the company. Practical relevance lies in the possibility of their actual application in human resource management of the company “Foundry and Mechanical Plant” OJSC.

The Eco-System, Barriers and Factors of Sustainable Growth Social Economy in Armenia

Thanks to the international donor community, in recent years, the concept of social entrepreneurship has become a factor in the regulation of socio-economic and local problems in Armenia. The article examines the main trends in the development of the social economy. In particular, the author analyzes the institutional aspects and factors of the development of social entrepreneurship. On the basis of expert assessments, recommendations have been developed for a more effective development of the ecosystem of social entrepreneurship.

Methods of assessing the effectiveness of reforestation based on the theory of fuzzy sets

Purpose of the study: development of a new universal fuzzy-multiple methodology that allows assessing the effectiveness of reforestation based on a variable set of indicators, the significance of which is taken into account on the basis of expert assessments, in contrast to existing assessment methods. The systems of fuzzy-logical conclusions, the so-called standard multilevel [0,1] classifiers, were used as a mathematical tool for constructing the assessment methodology. As a result of the implementation of the methodology, an assessment of reforestation in the Rostov region was carried out on the basis of a set of 23 indicators characterizing the dynamics of reforestation, thinning activities, and patrolling of the forest fund in the region. In comparison with the already existing estimation methods, the proposed estimation method has a number of such advantages, such as: simple calculation scheme; when constructing estimates, taking into account a large number of heterogeneous significant indicators that can vary depending on the available statistical material and the characteristics of the specific practical problem being solved; the possibility of varying the weight of the contribution of the studied indicators to the corresponding comprehensive assessment; the possibility of analyzing on its basis the situation in the region under consideration.

ДИАГНОСТИКА РЕГУЛЯТИВНЫХ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ УЧЕБНЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ 8–9-х КЛАССОВ В ПРОЦЕССЕ РЕШЕНИЯ ГЕОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ЗАДАЧ НА ПОСТРОЕНИЕ

Statement of the problem. The article analyzes the studies of foreign and Russian authors in the field of diagnostics of regulatory universal learning skills (RULS) of students. It is concluded that there is a shortage of adequate tools for assessing RULS in the process of teaching geometry. The present research is aimed at solving the following tasks: finding a connection between the process of formation of regulatory skills and the formation of subject skills in teaching geometry to schoolchildren; assessment of the educational results of students, taking into account the characteristics of the taught subject. The purpose of the article is to scientifically substantiate and describe the RULS diagnostic tools for students in the process of solving geometric construction problems. The methodology of the study is based on the use of system-activity and personality-oriented approaches to learning; analysis of modern research in the field of diagnostics of personal and meta-subject results of students. Research results. The operational detailing of the students’ RULS is determined and justified; the principles of development of the structural and content RULS map are highlighted. The article describes the relationship between the stages of solving construction problems and RULS, manifested by students in the process of their implementation. Priority regulatory actions are highlighted at each stage. The results of RULS diagnostics among 8-9 grade students, participants of the Regional Olympiad in Geometry named after Prof. S.A. Anishchenko. Conclusion. The structural and content map of students’ RULS proposed in the article corresponds to the principles of completeness of structural elements; takes into account the systemic nature of the formation of RULS, the adequacy of the list of structural elements for the purposes of diagnosis and the choice of diagnostic tools. This map determined the direction of the search for links between the stages of solving construction problems and the operations manifested in the process of their implementation. The article presents a methodology for assessing students’ RULS in the process of solving construction problems on the basis of expert assessment and self-assessment cards. The results obtained can be extended to other groups of students.