Basic Programming Course Research Articles

Effectiveness of Using ChatGPT as a Tool to Strengthen Benefits of the Flipped Learning Strategy

In this study, we evaluate how ChatGPT complements and enriches the traditional flipped learning strategy in higher education, particularly in engineering courses. Using an experimental design involving 356 students from basic programming courses in undergraduate engineering programs, we compared the normalized learning gain between groups that used the ChatGPT-assisted flipped learning strategy (focus groups) and those that followed a traditional video-based flipped learning methodology (control groups). The intervention lasted ten weeks, with two sessions of two hours each week. A pre-test–post-test analysis revealed that the focus groups showed significant improvement in normalized learning gain values compared to the control groups. These results confirm that incorporating ChatGPT into the flipped learning strategy can significantly enhance student performance by providing a more active, interactive, and personalized approach during the teaching–learning process. We conclude that the flipped learning strategy, upgraded with the assistance of ChatGPT, provides an effective means to improve understanding and application of complex concepts in programming courses, with potential to be extended to other areas of study in higher education. This study opens routes for future research on the integration of artificial intelligence into innovative pedagogical strategies with the goal of scaffolding the learning experience and improving educational outcomes.

Алгоритм оценки качества решения задач по программированию

The possibility of automating the qualitative assessment of solutions to programming problems in teaching secondary school students is considered. The currently existing methods of evaluating the solution of programming problems are considered, their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. Based on the considered methods, the possibility of using the representation of the source code of the problem solution in the form of a semantic network for its further qualitative evaluation by machine methods is substantiated. The concept of the similarity function of two semantic web based on the program code is introduced. This function is defined as the ratio of the sum of the sizes of subgraphs composed of common elements of semantic webs to the sum of the sizes of thise semantic webs. The properties of the resulting function based on its definition are given, and an algorithm for calculating the similarity function created on the basis of the ISD algorithm. Various modifications of the specified algorithm and influence of each of them on the final result are considered. To test the algorithm's operability, an experiment was set up comparing various solutions for the problem of finding the maximum element, as well as comparing solutions for various tasks of the basic programming course with each other. The results of the experiment are presented in a summary table and allow us to justify the chosen modification of the algorithm for calculating the similarity function. The results also demonstrate the prospects of using this method to determine the competence of students in the programming language. As a side effect, the algorithm of qualitative evaluation of the program code based on its semantic web allows us to automaticly search for plagiarism of the program solution of the problem.

Combining Building Block Process With Computational Thinking Improves Learning Outcomes of Python Programming With Peer Assessment

The capability of computer programming language logic is one of the basics of technical education. How to improve students “interest in program logic design and help overcome students” fears of coding has become vital for educators. Cultivating practical talents with information technology application and basic programming development will become one of the important topics in the department of information related science. The objective of this research is to improve the ability of learning basic programming courses by using Zuvio interactive software. Zuvio employs the mathematical logic of computational thinking to analyze problems and enhance learners’ interest in learning programming skills through a graphical interface tool with building blocks. It uses innovative interactive teaching to use peer and self-assessment to study the content of the course. Zuvio improves the design ability of different groups of class learning Python programming. In line with the innovative teaching policy of the schools and the current stage of the learner’s learning model, learning effectiveness can be achieved. The research results were analyzed by midterm and final experimental group scores, and the progress of the experimental group’s scores was examined through descriptive statistics. The average and standard deviation of the assessment were used to analyze the progress of the experimental group students in the programming course. In the classroom, assessment criteria were set up as the basis for peer assessment scoring. After the midterm and final exams, the teacher assessment and peer assessment scores were analyzed for cognitive differences, and possible learning differences were analyzed. The students’ professional ability was examined to see if it met the professional standards required by the course, and whether innovative teaching methods could improve the learning outcomes of learners with different professional backgrounds in Python programming.

Game-based learning for basic programming courses: Discover students’ attitudes and interests

The basic programming course is one of the challenging, difficult, and complex courses for community college students at Kedah State. In this course, students must know the basic concepts and structures as well as the basic syntax of computer programming. The challenge is that students are less interested in learning theoretically and have difficulty creating programming code to solve simple programming problems. In this study, three objectives are pursued: (i) to determine students' attitudes toward the basic programming course, (ii) to determine students' interest in using the C# VENTURE application game, (iii) to determine differences in students' attitudes toward the basic programming course according to gender, and (iii) to determine differences in students' interest in the C# VENTURE application game according to gender. There were 54 participants in this study. In this study, questionnaires were used as instruments, which were distributed through Google Forms. The results show that the mean score of (4.18) for students' attitudes is at a high level. In addition, students' interest in C# VENTURE application games is also high with a mean of (4.47). The results of the independent samples t-test showed that there is no significant difference in the mean attitude of students for male and female student groups. The results of the t-test for independent samples also show that there is no significant difference between the average student interest in the C# application game VENTURE for male and female student groups. In conclusion, community college students are positive towards the basic programming course, although this course is very difficult and complex. Moreover, students showed a great interest in using C# VENTURE application games in teaching and learning (T&L) for this course. It is proposed to conduct a quasi-experimental study to investigate the effectiveness of the C# VENTURE application game in teaching and learning (T&L) for the basic programming course.

Implementation of a Mixed Strategy of Gamification and Flipped Learning in Undergraduate Basic Programming Courses

The post-pandemic stage has accelerated the search for innovative ways that impact the teaching–learning process. Flipped learning and gamification have been used as active learning strategies to increase motivation and student learning gains. Both strategies have shown positive results when applied alone and when compared to traditional modalities. In this work, we present a quantitative study that was applied to 414 students throughout a complete course of basic programming, divided into four groups: (1) group that applied flipped learning using videos, (2) group that applied outside-class gamification, (3) group that applied both strategies, and (4) control group. A pretest–posttest process, with 96 true or false questions test, was applied to the groups to find out the normalized learning achievements of the students. A statistical analysis found that the students in groups 1 and 2 performed significantly better (+9%) than the students in the control group. In addition, the students of group 3 had a lower performance than the students of groups 1 and 2 (−10%). Our results confirm that active learning in a flipped classroom and the use of gamification can be useful and strategic tools for advancing the new way of educating in the post-pandemic period.

Retracted: A Study on the Optimization Mechanism of the Civic OBE Concept for a Computational Thinking‐Oriented Basic Programming Course

Retracted: A Study on the Optimization Mechanism of the Civic OBE Concept for a Computational Thinking‐Oriented Basic Programming Course

Application of MOOC+ Flipped Classroom in the Teaching of Basic Programming Course

Application of MOOC+ Flipped Classroom in the Teaching of Basic Programming Course

A Study on the Optimization Mechanism of the Civic OBE Concept for a Computational Thinking-Oriented Basic Programming Course

This paper conducts an in-depth study and analysis of the optimization mechanism of the Civic OBE concept through the basic programming course of computational thinking. The connotation, implementation principles, and key points of the OBE concept are thoroughly studied and analyzed, and the new requirements of knowledge, ability, and quality of applied talents are specifically analyzed with the characteristics of applied talents in local undergraduate institutions and demand-oriented; the “top-down” idea is fully considered, and the top-down design is based on the middle school IT learning objectives. The reverse design focuses on the cultivation of skills and emotional goals, satisfies students’ individual needs, and enhances students’ ability to analyze and solve problems, and, second, to adapt to the rapid information society, the development of online open platforms, the use of information technology, the integration of modern learning resources, changing the traditional classroom teaching, and stimulating students’ learning enthusiasm and autonomy, to truly achieve efficient classroom. Based on this, this study tries to provide some new ideas and contribute some strengths to the design and practice research of information technology education in junior high school. In the process of effect analysis, data analysis was conducted on the achievement of the competency index points and related achievements of the research subjects. Oral interviews were also conducted with the teachers and students who participated in the experiment to explore the effectiveness of the project-based learning teaching model based on the OBE concept and to summarize the shortcomings of the model in teaching.

Predicting Students’ Performance In Basic Algorithms Programming In an E-Learning Environment Using Decision Tree Approach

Predicting the performance of students plays an important role in every institution to protect their students from failures and leverage their quality in higher education. Algorithm and Programming is a fundamental course for the students who start their studies in Informatics. Hence, the scope of this research is to identify the critical attributes which influence student performance in the E-learning Environment on Moodle LMS (Learning Management System) Platform and its accuracy. Data mining helps the process of preprocessing data in a dataset from raw data to quality data for advanced analysis. Dataset set is consisting of student academic performance such as grades of Quizzes, Mid exams, Final exams, and Final projects. Moreover, the dataset from LMS is considered as well in the process of modeling, in terms of constructing the decision tree, such as punctuality submission of Quizzes, Assignments, and Final Projects. Regarding the Basic Algorithm and Programming course, which is separated into two subjects in the first and second semester, thus the research will predict the student performance in the Basic Algorithm and programming course in the second semester based on the Introduction to programming course in the first semester. Decision Tree techniques are applied by using information gain in ID3 algorithm to get the important feature which is the PP index has the highest information gain with value 0.44, also the accuracy between ID3 and J48 algorithm that shows ID3 has the highest accuracy of modeling which is 84.80% compared to J48 82.34%.

E-Jobsheet Based on Mobile Pocket Book as Digital Learning Resources (DLRs)

This study aims to develop an E-jobsheet based on a mobile pocket book in the form of a digital pocket book on algorithms and basic programming courses. This research is a Research & Development (R&D) research with the Borg & Gall development model which consists of 10 stages, but in this research, the researcher limits it to producing an initial product in the form of an initial product or to the 5th stage, namely main product revision. The research instrument in collecting data used validation questionnaires, response questionnaires, and unstructured interviews to users during small-scale trials. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive data analysis with a quantitative approach. Based on the validation results from the media and material aspects, the overall product validity level is 85.46% with a valid category, the student response rate in a small-scale trial of the E-jobsheet is 86% with a very good category. So, it can be stated that the E-jobsheet based on the mobile pocket book that was developed is valid and suitable for further use on a wider scale.

Acceptance and Assessment in Student Pair-Programming: A Case Study

This study analyzes pair programming's acceptance and assessment in the university setting considering participants' gender, previous programming ex-perience, and programming enjoyment. The sample included 80 students from three different sections enrolled in a basic programming course. We used a questionnaire to collect data after the pair programming practices. For data analysis, we used SPSS 24, and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Jonckheere-Terpstra statistical techniques. Descriptive and comparative re-sults showed a significant increasing monotonic trend in the acceptance of pair programming as students' preference toward programming increased (standardized statistic = 3.20, p = 0.00, Kendall's τb = 0.30, p = 0.001). Also, pair programming was positively accepted and assessed even by students who reported a low level of programming enjoyment. There were no other statistically significant results.

Developing jobsheet for basic programming based on performance assessment

This study aimed at producing job sheets for basic programming based on performance assessment. The development model used was the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The evaluation stage does not stand alone, in which at every stage in the ADDIE model, an evaluation process was conducted. The evaluation stage done here was only a formative evaluation, that is, related to the review process involving experts and a try-out in which the students’ responses to the job sheets were elicited to find out the effectiveness of the job sheets. The data were collected using questionnaire. The data collected were reduced and presented. Then the data were analyzed and a conclusion was drawn from the result of the analysis. The result of this study showed that the job sheet for basic programming based on performance assessment has been successfully developed and the attainment level of the job sheet was 80% (a good qualification). This means that it is feasible to be used effectively as media to support the teaching and learning process, especially in practicum activities in basic programming course. The students’ response related to the presence of the job sheets was also very good. They were very enthusiastic in following every instruction contained in the job sheets. In other words, there was no deviated reaction/ response at the time of the job sheets review process.

Развитие абстрактного мышления школьников в процессе обучения основам программирования

The study considers the problem of schoolchil-dren’s abstract thinking development in teaching the Basic Programming course within the system of children’s additional education. The relevance of the problem is related to the need for generation of stu-dents’ professional approach to program design. The study presents a method for assessing the level of abstract thinking development which allows to identify the relationship between typical students’ mistakes in writing programs and the stages of their conceptual thinking development according to Lev Vygotsky’s theory (syncretes, complexes and real concepts). The potential of the given method is shown through the examples related to the devel-opment of “abstract data type” concept, the correct formation of which is a necessary condition for a programmer’s systems thinking. The paper provides methodological recommendations on abstract think-ing development, which were elaborated during teaching the Basic Programming course at the Chil-dren and Youth Computer Center of the Saint Pe-tersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.

Application of Online Teaching Mode in Basic Programming Course

The sudden new crown epidemic has caused a large number of online teaching methods to be used in teaching in colleges and universities, the basic programming course has some higher requirements for experimental conditions and interactions. This article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of several teaching methods, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of the recorded course and live broadcasting mode in dealing with problems such as large differences in experimental conditions and interaction, put forward the idea of establishing a function-rich teaching platform for basic programming courses.

Teaching basic of programming with the elements of Scratch - evaluation of VBA programming course for logistics students

Digital nations have become dependent on computer applications. One of the most important part of literacy in today's word are the basics of computer applications development and usage. Programming seems to be difficult to learn, therefore, several educational programming languages were developed, so that more people could develop the applications. Modern technologies mean that computer programming is not a skill reserved only for a small group of specialists. Programmers can become people of different ages and interests. The article addresses the problem of basic programming courses for non-computer science students. Its aim is to present the role of visual programming languages in encouraging university students to create algorithms and start programming. The research allows to conclude that Scratch makes introduction to programming more enjoyable, helps to concentrate on the problem and the business process. The comparative analysis showed also differences between groups of students.

Development of Learning Media Based on Androidin Basic Algorithm and Programming Course for Students Grade X of Nasional Berbah Vocational High School

The purpose of research are develop Basic Algorithm and Programming for student grade X of National Berbah Vocational High School Application on Android-based learning media and knowing the feasibility of the Android-based learning media. The research use ADDIE as development model. The result of the development is an Android Application that contains material, sample of program, video, and evaluation on learning and can use for self learning or in class. The product has been tested for feasibility based on the assessment of media experts is 95.34% with the category “Very Feasible”, the assessment of material experts is 88.6% with categories “Very Feasible” and product testing by students with final result feasibility is 82.47% so that the learning media is very feasible to be used in the learning of Basic Algorithm and Programming in grade X of Nasional Berbah Vocational High School.

Research on the Guidance of Textbook Planning in the Design of Programming Language Course

This paper focuses on the design of the textbook for the Visual Basic Programming course for CS minor. From the design ideas, contents, and feedback from teachers of the textbook, this paper analyzes the importance of textbook design in building the curriculum. We concluded that textbook planning plays the role of guidance, lead, supervision in the process of programming language course design. This work also reveals the value of the textbook planning in designing the curriculum.

Improving education in developing countries using robotic platforms

In developing countries, educational programs have been using an out of date teaching methodology, where students’ only work is to listen to the professors’ lessons without having practical applications or hands-on experience, thereby provoking a decrease in student attention span, motivation, and boredom with learning processes. This work proposes the use of robotic platforms inside elementary schools and universities to improve and evaluate the usability and effectiveness of robots on students’ attention spans, motivation, and knowledge acquirement during their classes. This work mentions a case of study in Mexico where the use of the robotic platforms was evaluated. To evaluate the learning process of undergraduate students, a hexapod robot was used throughout a basic programming course to help the students learn about robotics programming and path planning algorithms. At the end of the course, several surveys were given to the students to evaluate their perceptions about the course and the use of the robotic platform. In the elementary school, a NAO Robot was used to give students four different diligences in physics, mathematics and physical education classes. During these experimentations, the attention span of the students and their ability to use the robotic platforms were observed, using a behavior observation protocol; also, their knowledge acquisition before and after class was evaluated. The results showed that the use of a robotic platform in class helps the students improve their knowledge acquisition and increases their motivation and attention span. Also, the surveys and usability analysis demonstrate that the design of the diligences and course projects were sufficient to generate greater interest among the students in the topics taught in school.

Teaching Based on Ludic Environments for the First Session of Computer Programming - Experience With Digital Natives

This paper describes a teaching experience based on ludic environments: video game and 3D animation environment, to provide students with a motivating environment for the first computer programming course. One problem that exists in many Latin American countries is that educators who teach the basic programming course find that for most students, computer programming is a completely new subject. We found that an approach based on ludic environments that takes into account the styles of visual and kinesthetic learning to teach basic programming concepts is more effective and motivating.

The analysis of source code plagiarism in basic programming course

The purpose of this research is to recognize the types of plagiarism that occurred in basic programming courses as a preliminary research in developing an intelligent system to detect source plagiarism in programming class. This research use a hierarchical clustering method which is implemented in term-document matrices. In this research, we propose the use of keywords in the programming language informing the term-document matrix. The result is normalized and then we use Euclidean distance to normalize data for similarity measurement. The result shows that this method is quite effective to classify objects of data indicated by plagiarism. Some types of plagiarism which are mostly occurred are formatting source code, changing comment, renaming identifier, and adding statements or redundant variables.