Basic Principles Of Formation Research Articles

"Лесной фронтир" Российской империи: низовые административно-территориальные структуры Тарского уезда первой половины XVIII В.

The lack of bureaucratic funds in the state, especially in the outskirts, remoteness from the center, imperfect means of communication led to a forced deconcentration of power at all levels. The only force capable of keeping the local authorities from arbitrariness and abuse were traditional potestary organizations that arose spontaneously, as a result of the natural desire of society to self-organize. The central government was forced to rely on local societies and traditional institutions of self-government, using them as a lower level of power, endowing them with powers of power and retaining for them a certain degree of independence and basic principles of formation. The situation was aggravated in the conditions of the Asian border zones, where the low density, sparseness of the local indigenous population was combined with rather mobile and caste-diverse groups of newcomers. By the beginning of the 18th century. the rural population of the Tara district, more than a hundred years after the founding of the military, border center, retained the features of a frontier community. Moreover, the frontier zones or zones of contact between the indigenous and newcomers here remained not so much on the external borders, but inside the territory. The difference between the “forest frontier” and the “steppe” (conventionally, Omsk) was that the “flow” or “interspersion” of immigrants led to an interlacing arrangement of ethnically, confessional and class diverse groups. The steppe model assumed the delimitation of internal, inhabited and colonized territories and external only annexed, Cossack lines. Land contact and communications on this issue between settlers and indigenous people determine not only the complexity of delimitation of land, natural conflict situations, but also affects the emerging institutions and mechanisms designed to resolve disputes on the ground. As a source for identifying the problems of the emerging rural society in the Tara district, the Patrol book of the Tara district of 1701 was used. The research methodology is based on the main provisions of the institutional-regional approach proposed by A.V. Belt concept “geography of power”, covering the administrative-territorial and institutional structures of the region

Dmytro Hnatyuk Working on Giuseppe Verdi's Opera "La Traviata"

The author described the working process on the new production of Verdi's "La Traviata" at the Taras Shevchenko National Opera of Ukraine (1988) realized by Dmytro Hnatyuk, Lev Venediktov, Leonid Kanevsky, and Ivan Gamkalo. Features of the director's version by Dmytro Hnatyuk in the staging of Giuseppe Verdi's opera "La Traviata" are highlighted as innovative in the opera art of Ukraine. The author of the article sheds light on the complex process of forming the staged version of the play by using unique archival materials about the work of the artistic council at the theater. The article considers the plan of the production version of the play. The basic principles of formation, development and embodiment of the dramaturgy of the performance and its stage solution are outlined. The efforts of the theater creative team, aimed at supporting and implementing the director's concept of D. Hnatyuk were of great importance for the production version. The results of processing archival materials and their temporal attribution were described through the use of source and textual research methods. The facts of D. Hnatyuk 's life and creative way are proved on the basis of the use of the biographical method, and also the analysis of the director's version of the opera production by the method of hermeneutics is carried out. D. Hnatyuk's close collaboration with the theater's creative team during the directing of J. Verdi's "La Traviata" is emphasized, which testifies to the artist's artistic maturity, the integrity of his directorial thinking, formed not only by the Ukrainian opera tradition but also by general artistic trends of the 20th century. Attention is focused on D. Hnatiuk's desire to recreate the synthetic essence of the genre, considering its elements as complementary and defining each other. The determinants of the artist's shift of emphasis from the general construction of the play's dramaturgy to the main, conceptually leading moments are substantiated, contrasting it with intimacy and intimacy as a reflection of the heroine's inner state, her fragile and deeply penetrating world full of inner experience and anxiety, and not only the splendor of the ball and mass scenes. It is proved that D. Hnatyuk took care of the expression by the elements of the stage design of play dramatic content, its internal contradictions and its confrontation factors

Regarding issues of the concept of venture investment of innovative activity

Problem setting. The current state of scientific researching the issue of venture investment of innovation activity suggests that the presence of mixing in research of diverse concepts in the field of venture investment innovation, reflection in regulations of the uncoordinated categorical definitions, leads to negative consequences in the form of legal uncertainty or even conflict, that significantly slows down the process of attracting investment. Therefore, the idea is that the building effective mechanisms of civil law regulation of venture investment of innovation activity of Ukraine in order to accelerate the commercialization of innovations as a major driving force of economy during the spread of COVID-19. Analysis of recent researches and publications. O. M. Vinnyk, S. O. Vikhrov, S. V. Hlibko, T. S. Hudima, Y. M. Zhornokuy, D. V. Zadykhaylo, O. YU. Kampi, O. P. Podtserkovnyy, V. V. Poyedynok, V. Y. Polatay, O. E. Simson have been researched the subject of innovation and investment activities. Theirs scientific minds formed the basis of this research, but the author has analyzed the current state of legislation in the given field and concluded that, in terms of civil law regulation of legal relations aimed at investing in innovation sphere, does not meet the global vector of development. To date, no systematic approach to building a holistic regulatory framework for the basic principles of formation and regulation of the venture capital market in Ukraine. So in the conditions of legislation of civil law the issues of venture investment of innovation activity in Ukraine remains open for new discussion, and the relevance of this study is obvious. Target of research is to analyze and identify the concept of venture investment of innovation activity, to determine its essence and characteristics in the civil law aspect. Article’s main body. Venture capital investment, as an element of the national innovation system, ensures the effective implementation of venture capital in the activities of private legal entities operating in the field of innovation, on a corporate or contractual basis. The high risks of such investment are due to the novelty of commercialized innovations and the early stage of bringing new high-tech products to market, created on their basis, and are reduced using of special legal forms and tools. Venture investment of innovation activity as a civil law category is a type of activity of venture investors to acquire shares (shares in the authorized capital) of legal entities of private law, carrying out innovative activities at an early stage of bringing their innovative product to market or (and) its scaling, aimed at obtaining a high level of profit from the subsequent sale of these shares (shares), characterized by high risks and long-term return on invested capital. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Analysis of the concept under this research allows us to conclude that venture investment of innovation activity is special value to the economy nowadays, demonstrating high growth potential during the spread of COVID-19. Therefore, its legal definition and legislative consolidation, taking into account the essence and characteristics, is a particularly urgent need for today's civil law regulation.

ASSESSMENT OF RHYTHMICITY AND ANALYSIS OF SEASONAL OSCILLATIONS OF SALES OF PRODUCTION BY A SUBJECT OF A SMALL ENTERPRISE

The basic principles of formation and normative-legal regulation of the organization of the account of subjects of small business in Ukraine are considered. The formation and development of small business in Ukraine is detailed in the dynamics, in accordance with current regulations for the period 1991-2021. It is established that the formation of small business in Ukraine, in particular legal entities of small businesses have certain features. Such features of the formation and development of private enterprises are associated with certain legal conflicts that arise in the formation of small businesses and their operation. The study of the activities of a private enterprise in modern business conditions has led to a study to assess the impact of structural factors on the volume of sales. It is proved that small businesses with no assortment of products are exposed to seasonal factors. There are different approaches to the choice of a system of statistical indicators to assess the structural changes in output in the dynamics. The expediency of application of the index method, in particular seasonality indices for the purpose of measurement of influence of seasonal fluctuations on volume of realization of production (works, services) is confirmed. The algorithm for estimating seasonal components for the volume of sales, in particular water, is determined. The seasonal wave of sales of products by a small business entity is presented graphically. The rhythm and seasonal fluctuations of sales of products by a small enterprise are estimated according to the quarterly dynamics by the method of offset taking into account rhythmic deliveries. The system of indicators is calculated on the basis of seasonality indices: amplitude of fluctuations; linear and standard deviation to measure the effect of seasonal fluctuations. Effective methods of improving the analysis of small businesses are proposed.

FOREIGN TRADE RELATIONS OF UKRAINE WITH GERMANY

The article considers the peculiarities of Ukraine’s foreign economic relations with Germany; basic principles of formation and development of foreign trade relations between Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Germany. The structures of export and import of goods and services are analyzed. Problems and prospects of cooperation between the countries are revealed, and also ways of improvement of cooperation between Ukraine and Germany are outlined. The problems of trade structure in Ukrainian-German relations are analyzed. The economic conditions of long-term cooperation in foreign trade relations between the countries are revealed. The dynamics of goods and services in the foreign trade relations of Ukraine with the Federal Republic of Germany is studied. The purpose of the study is to analyze Ukraine's foreign economic relations with Germany; features of export-import and investment activity of Ukraine and Germany. The ways of solving the main problems in foreign economic relations between Ukraine and the Federal Republic of Germany are considered and offered. Foreign trade occupies a leading place in the system of international relations, because with the effective use of the whole complex of modern forms and methods of international economic relations can influence the technical improvement of production, increase productivity and quality of products. The exchange of goods and services at the international level is a prerequisite, consequence and cause of the international division of labor. In addition, foreign trade is a major factor in ensuring the stable functioning of the world economy. That is, in the context of globalization of economic activity for many countries relevant from a theoretical and practical point of view is the study and scientific justification of promising and new areas and forms of their foreign economic relations. For countries transitioning from closed national economies to open-minded economies such as Ukraine, such studies are particularly relevant.

ДВОРЯНСЬКІ ОПІКИ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ІМПЕРІЇ: ІСТОРІОГРАФІЯ ТА АКТОВІ ДЖЕРЕЛА ВИВЧЕННЯ

The article presents historiographical and partial source analysis of the study of the Russian Empire noble custodies. It is determined that the study of custodies as a separate and full-fledged object has not gained wide popularity among historical practices. Works on noble custodies, or related to their study, are divided into three conditional thematic groups. In the first one, custodies are seen as a manifestation of the development of empire law in the field of guardianship and custody. In the second group custodies are treated with other corporate institutions: the gentry assembly and the position of marshal of nobility as one of institution that provided the estates and material rights and privileges of the nobility. The last group of studies has a noble custody as sole object of study and treat it from the different views: through the prism of the autonomy of the nobility, as another executive body of the branched bureaucratic system of the Russian Empire, or as a institution that was founded to help representatives of nobility and, on the other hand, to control them. It is worth noting the fact that complex works that would consider the noble custodies as an independent object are not common. At the same time, the informational power of the study of the noble custodies makes it possible to expand historians' knowledge about the history of the legislation in the field of guardianship, and to expand the prosopographic portrait of the nobility as a whole. The source bases of this article are: "Establishment for the Provinces of the Russian Empire", "Charter to the Nobility" and "Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire". Their study makes it possible to understand the basic principles of formation and functioning of these corporate institutions, the legal field of their activities and the changes that have been made in their functioning throughout the history of their existence.

Normative and Procedural Grounds for Legal Liability of a Judge

The article defines the basic principles of formation of normative and procedural grounds of legal responsibility of a judge. It has been found out that bringing a judge to a legal obligation by the regular basis indicates the necessity to enshrine the relevant list of offences in law. It has been determined that getting a judge to legal responsibility on regulatory grounds means committing an illegal action (from an objective point of view), primarily enshrined in the appropriate level of regulatory prohibitions. It has been established that the main essence of the factual basis for bringing a judge to legal responsibility is the action or inaction of a judge which indicates a prohibited legal norm, including offences. It has been found that the essence of the procedural and legal grounds for bringing a judge to legal liability primarily depends on the clarity of the decision of unique bodies that are competent in the field of imposing measures of legal liability on a judge. It has been proved that the procedural conditions for bringing judges to justice today are interrelated with the initiative of proceedings against them. It is determined that the basic principles of bringing judges to justice should be interpreted as objective signs of an act (action or inaction) committed by a judge on illegal grounds, which is the fundamental right that guarantees the victim of offence administration of fair justice is damaged. Researching the critical grounds for bringing a judge to various types of legal liability for committing an offence as prospective in further research in this direction has been suggested.

Формування української політичної нації: етнополітичний контекст державотворення

Мета статті – розглянути шляхи та перспективи формування політичної нації в українському соціумі на сучасному етапі державного будівництва.
 Наукова новизна. На основі аналізу наявних у світовій і вітчизняній етнополітичній науці теорій творення нації запропоновано бачення основних принципів формування української політичної нації на сучасному етапі державотворення й актуалізовано наявні етнополітичні виклики на шляху реалізації цієї мети.
 Висновки. На відміну від більшості європейських та американських країн, де період формування націй збігся у часі з періодом становлення їх державності, в Україні формування нації відбувалося в умовах вікової бездержавності.
 Особливістю сучасного етапу становлення української політичної нації є досягнення гармонії та взаємозалежності громадянської й етнічної ідентичностей українського суспільства. Відповідно до сучасних реалій в основу формування політичної нації повинні бути покладені такі засади. По-перше, необхідно змістити акценти із боротьби «проти» і «за» на творення «в ім’я» – держави, нації, людини на основі злагоди, толерантності, захисту національних інтересів. По-друге, в основу творення нації повинна бути покладена ідея поліетнічної, соціальної, політичної злагоди на основі загальноприйнятої мети. По-третє, держава у сучасній системі цінностей не самоціль, а інструмент досягнення мети, засіб самоствердження нації. По-четверте, Україна повинна бути найвищою цінністю для всіх її громадян як їхня спільна Батьківщина в існуючих кордонах. По-п’яте, повинна забезпечуватися правова рівність громадян України, їхня духовна та культурна цілісність і самобутність. По-шосте, повинна культивуватись як національна самоповага, так і культурна та психологічна сприйнятливість до прогресивних надбань інших націй. По-сьоме, громадяни України повинні усвідомлювати свій майбутній розвиток як результат співпраці у громадянському демократичному суспільстві. По-восьме, національну ідею слід позбавити ідеологічної забарвленості. По-дев’яте, громадянські та соціальні цінності повинні бути піднесені до рівня загальнонаціональних. Слід також пам’ятати, що українському етносу так само доводиться долати наслідки тоталітаризму і бездержавного існування, фактично відроджувати свою самобутність. А це не можна сприймати як спроби асимілювати інші народи, що є складовими частинами поліетнічного суспільства України.

Новации в борьбе с теневым финансовым сегментом за последние годы на примере России

The article notes that in relation to the growth of the shadow component in the Russian economy, identifying the essence of the shadow economy is especially relevant. The author addresses shadow processes as the basis of the shadow economy, their place in its structure, basic principles of formation and classification according to various criteria.

Efficiency of wrestling means use in physical education of students aged 15-16

Physical education and physical preparation of high school students are implemented according to the education programs of secondary schools with using traditional methodological approaches and pedagogical conditions that are characterized by low efficiency in optimizing the physical condition. The targeted use of wrestling means among students aged 15-16 will not only promote this sport among the youth of Ukraine, but also contribute to the formation of a lasting interest in physical activity and physical development in general. The purpose is to determine the effectiveness of the wrestling means use in the physical education of students aged 15-16. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of scientific and methodical literature data and empirical materials of scientific research (study of the development level of the physical education problem of students aged 15-16); pedagogical observation (clarification of anthropometry data, functional tests, physical and psychophysical preparedness of students aged 15-16); pedagogical experiment (determining the effectiveness of wrestling means in the program of physical culture students aged 15-16 years); methods of statistical processing (processing of empirical results at different stages of the study). Taking into account the basic principles of formation the program on physical culture of students aged 15-16 years, as well as the basic principles of physical education of this studied contingent, we have developed an author's program with an emphasis on the wrestling means use. Results. During the pedagogical experiment, students in the groups that participated in the study were able to improve their level of functionality, physical and psychophysiological preparedness. At the end of the school year, were engaged higher increases in functional capabilities at students who trained by the experimental program of physical culture. Nevertheless, statistically the intergroup advantage in favor of the experimental group was confirmed only in the Shtange test (p≤0.05). In students’ physical preparedness of experimental group there were pronounced changes in most indicators. Comparison of intergroup differences indicated the advantage of the experimental over the control group in all indicators of physical preparedness. These results were reliable in six out of ten tests (p≤0.05–0.001). At the end of the pedagogical experiment, a significant advantage was observed in favor of the experimental group for most psychophysiological indicators (p≤0.05–0.001), only in the results of the tapping test there was no statistical confirmation of intergroup differences.

Formation of Professional Competence of Future Officers of the Logistics Troops (Forces) Supply of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to identify the essence and basic principles of formation of professional competence of future logistics officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, to determine the algorithm of formation of professional competence by stages of professional training in the higher military educational institution, to identify methods and techniques corresponding to logistics. Research methods: theoretical analysis of primary sources, normative documents, conceptual principles of logistics; systematization, modeling, observation and testing. The results of the analysis revealed that the professional competence of future logistics officers is a personal education and an integral characteristic, which includes key and general competencies that are the result of training in higher military educational institution, covering the dynamic set of knowledge, skills and experience in this specialty, personal and socially significant qualities (ways of thinking, ability to self-study, learning styles, views, values, nature of behavior in unpredictable conditions, etc.) arising on the basis of the formed subject competences and provide an opportunity to perform the military logistics officer’s duties and professional tasks effectively. The principles of forming the professional competence of future logistics officers corresponding to their specialty as they are basic both in military-economic, and in pedagogical logistics are defined. These are: principle of systematization, principle of functionality, principle of integration and integrated goal setting, principle of «just in time», principle of «jit-reliability», principle of solving information problems by standardizing data, principle of prioritizing the needs of learners, principle of variability of strategies, methods and techniques, principle of focusing on the end result, principle of interaction of all components of the professional competence formation system, principle of coordination of actions of different divisions specialists. The influence of these principles on the formation of the future logistics officers’ professional competence is analyzed. An algorithm for the formation of professional competence was developed, which was modeled according to two opposite approaches – directions (direct and reverse): «bottom up», it means by stages of professional training in higher military educational institution – a sequence of courses, semesters and levels of training (bachelor, master) of future officers; and «top-down», it means from the principles of professional competence formation through the construction of a «goal tree» and the definition of its components (key competencies) and their manifestations in the material of subjects that form general subject competencies, to building a «competence tree» and designing them for each discipline and definition of subject competencies. There are a number of teaching methods and techniques that take into account the specifics of logistics, such as: methods of empirical adult learning, problem-based learning, the method of planned mistakes, visualization methods, methods of press conferences, dialogue, discussions, brainstorming techniques, case studies, which should be used in the educational process to form the professional competence of future logistics officers. Conclusions: the purpose of the study is achieved.

Peculiarities of reproduction of human capital in rural areas

The article summarizes the factors that have the most significant negative impact on the development of social and economic spheres of rural areas. Research on the response of human capital to destructive manifestations in the economy is highlighted, as well as a number of factors of manifestation of these destructive phenomena in the development of rural areas. Analyzed the most priority problems of development of rural areas in relation to each stage of social progress. Isolated and characterized the key steps in the development of the agricultural sector and its spatial framework of rural territories, namely with the settlements in which they lived rural, and has concentrated material and technical means of production. The highest priority issues of rural development in relation to each stage of social progress are analyzed. The key stages of development of the agricultural sector and its spatial basis – rural areas, namely with the settlements in which the villagers lived and the material and technical means of production were concentrated, are highlighted and characterized. Special attention is paid to the causes of migration of the rural population, which in turn has led to the search and analysis of certain measures to inhibit the negative effects of this process. It was found out that the implementation of agrarian and land reforms, as well as the transition to a socially oriented model of market economy had a negative impact, resulting in an increase in the number of degrading villages and the formation of new organizational and legal forms. A number of negative trends affecting the development of the agricultural sector have been identified, among which the social resources of rural areas are a priority. It was found that the main element of social resources of the village is the rural population, the lion's share of which belongs to labor resources, which act as a link, which determines the interdependence of its economic and social development. It is substantiated that the constant presence of the socio-economic system, which is a rural area, in a state of counteraction to "external shocks" causes changes in the specific content of the characteristics of the environment and its resources, which requires consideration of its state in developing strategic rural development programs. The basic principles of formation of human capital reproduction potential of rural territories are allocated, functions of rural territories as a habitat and vital activity and directions of purposeful policy of rural development are generalized. Key words: reproduction of human capital, rural areas, sustainable development, rural development.

ВПЛИВ МУЗЕЙНОЇ ПЕДАГОГІКИ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ ОСОБИСТОСТІ


 
 
 The article analyzes the museums' role in shaping the citizens’ state consciousness, person’s national values and in culture- educational activities. The basic principles of formation the museum pedagogy’s ideological and functional orientation are revealed. It is determined that the museum pedagogy’s leading function is the influence on the visitor’s logical and emotional sphere, his outlook, convictions. The idea that museum pedagogy forms the integrative fields for the improvement of formal and informal educational spaces and helps to fill qualitatively the logical-cognitive and sensory process of personal development with new knowledge and meanings is substantiated. The article stressed that school or any other educational institution that restricts its activities by a narrow local area and is not integrated into socio-cultural environment institutes, is ineffective, unable to ensure the completely quality of educational work. The European countries experience of mainstreaming the museum pedagogy in the cultural and educational space is described.
 
 

ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЕФЕКТИВНИХ ТА ЯКІСНИХ СТРАТЕГІЙ КРЕДИТНО-ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ БАНКІВ

The article highlights the essence and importance of the strategy of credit and investment activity of the bank. The basic principles of formation and implementation of strategies of banks' credit and investment activity are defined and their content is revealed. The scheme is presented and the essence of the main stages of formation and implementation of strategies of banks' credit and investment activity is explained, the content of the policy of credit and investment activity of banks is revealed. A number of factors influencing the formation and implementation of banks' credit and investment activity strategies are outlined.

ДЕРЖАВНА СТРУКТУРНА ПОЛІТИКА ЯК ВАЖІЛЬ СТРУКТУРНИХ ПЕРЕТВОРЕНЬ В ЕКОНОМІЦІ УКРАЇНИ

Introduction. Excessive openness and weak resilience of Ukraine's economy to the manifestation of externalities requires the formation of a more effective state structural policy as a basic tool for systemic change in the national economy. The complexity of this policy involves a wide range of approaches and measures, including non-standard, to address strategic and operational challenges, which is accompanied by additional risks. At the same time, the risks affecting the deepening of structural deformations of the national economy of Ukraine are both a manifestation of constant changes in global market conditions and the presence of internal hidden vestiges stemming from the old traditional ways of organizing economic relations based on process thinking, anticompetitive principles, corruption, etc. Purpose. Research of the essence of structural policy, definition of principles of its formation and realization, and also realization of classification of its types. Results. Approaches to the interpretation of the concept of state structural policy are studied. It was found that the most popular is the mechanistic approach, where structural policy is seen as a tool of state regulation. Foreign experience on the nature of implementation and strategic guidelines of the state structural policy is analyzed. It is determined that structural policy in other countries is seen as a key means of transition from one type of development of society to another, more progressive. Substantiated determinants of state structural policy, on the example of revolutionary and evolutionary policy, allow us to determine a list of methods and measures to stimulate the development of the national economy. Originality. The conditions of formation and functioning, flexible and effective system of state regulation of economic processes in the country are investigated. The author's definition of the state structural policy is presented, which reflects the principles of sustainable development of the national economy. The determinants of the state structural policy in accordance with its types and approaches to the organization of development are substantiated. It is proposed to classify the types of structural policy according to the following criteria: by the nature of changes (radical and inertial), by directions of transformations (vertical and horizontal), by the scale of implementation (general and selective). The basic principles of formation and implementation of the state structural policy that determine its effectiveness are determined, namely: dualism, utilitarianism, historicism, laissez faire. Conclusion. The paradigm of the state structural policy of any country is based on the platform of opportunities for administrative influence on the economic environment with adaptability to economic realities and its regulation in accordance with certain imperatives. However, the instruments of this regulation are of a directive and indicative nature, which may outline the priority of the current government and the degree of state influence on the spheres and branches of activity. In general, the state structural policy is polysystemic in nature, as it is implemented through fiscal, monetary, industrial, agricultural, social, innovation, investment and other policies to achieve the strategic goals of the state. Thus, structural policy as the main lever of state regulation should provide system-forming and compensatory effects in the national economy, its resistance to negative exogenous and endogenous factors, improve the investment climate and macroeconomic indicators, improve the system of reproduction and self-organization of the economic complex.

Basic principles of formation, development and operation Information infrastructure of the enterprise in solving problems Information management

Basic principles of formation, development and operation Information infrastructure of the enterprise in solving problems Information management

PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF A MULTIFUNCTIONAL CENTERS FOR TRAINING EXTREME SPORTS IN KURSK

The purpose of this paper is to identify the basic principles of formation of a multifunctional complex for extreme sports. It includes a comparative analysis of extreme sports facilities in Kursk as well as a number of previously studied similar projects and existing buildings by Russian and foreign architects. The authors of the paper propose a sports complex that fits into the existing architecture of the city. New technologies have been introduces to implement the design of such complex objects as a wind tunnel, a deep-water diving pool, a large-span indoor skate hall with seats for spectators and overhead light. All these elements have been taken from the projects of well-known architectural firms, such as eXtreme Architects, White Studio, Moko Architects, as well as other foreign projects of Danish and Norwegian architects. The authors also considered some ideas on the reconstruction of industrial facilities, such as a fan depot or a silo tower, which were converted into multifunctional sports complexes. The social, economic and environmental aspects of designing such an object have been taken into consideration. The authors give the regulatory framework including the fire safety requirements, requirements on building maintenance by limited mobility populations (MH), the impact on the environment. Moreover, the authors mention building regulations, which establish requirements to the equipment, inventory and the space of the whole complex. The article examines the importance of building a multifunctional complex for practicing extreme sports, and also confirms the relevance of such sports in Kursk.

Специфіка формування системи державного управління природно-техногенною безпекою

The problem of protecting people and territories from disasters of different directions is very relevant and concerns the fundamental foundations of economic security. At the beginning of the XXI century. global threats have already become complex, which manifests itself in: the interdependence of natural, man-made, political, economic, social, environmental and scientific and technical risks; in emergency situations; in exacerbating the old and the emergence of new non-traditional types of hazards. Complexity of modern threats has led to the search for such a way of civilization development, which, without destroying its natural basis, provides humanity with the possibility of survival and further continuous development. An important feature of the concept of sustainable development is that in it the problem of civilization development is closely intertwined with the problem of the formation of security systems, both globally and nationally. As a rule, important public decisions in certain spheres of public life are taken without regard to the need for security in other areas. This situation is due, first of all, to inadequate understanding of the role and place of the latter in the development process. The article substantiates the necessity of forming an effective system of state management of natural and man-made safety and defines its goals. The basic principles of formation and effective functioning of the system of state management of natural and technological safety in the conditions of emergency situations are analyzed. The study determined that the purpose of the operation of the SU of the PTB is to prevent natural and man-made disasters and accidents, timely adoption of measures for the localization and liquidation of the consequences of natural and man-made disasters, and the rational use of the resources of the system for the provision of the PTB. It is substantiated that the ecologically-technogenic system is a certain way organized society, objects of the economy, technosphere, as well as natural-territorial ecosystems that form a single structural and functional whole. Structural subsystems according to their spatial and other parameters correspond to administrative-economic territorial formations and can be of different levels and scales - from national to object.

SUBSTANTIATION OF THE FASHION SYSTEM AS THE CONCEPT OF FASHION CONDUCT IN MODERN CONSUMER SOCIETY

Determination of the basic principles of formation and distribution of fashion innovations in society in the context of the functioning of the modern fashion system. Characteristics of fashion innovations as objects of the fashion system and means of fashion communication in the modern consumer society. The methods of systematization and actualization of literary-analytical information about the principles and stages of design-activity in the formation and distribution of fashion innovations are used in the paper. Accumulation, systematization and implementation of project information is carried out by studying of specialized professional literature on the design activities of leading design brands. The basic functional categories of the concept of formation and the occurrence of fashion trends in the fashion system are defined and characterized. The description of the main sources of fashion innovations is given, a comparative analysis of the activity of legislators and distributors of fashion objects is conducted, in the context of their role in the formation, introduction and consumption of fashion trends. The principles of mutual influence of the direction of spreading and the speed of the dissemination of fashion innovation in the society of mass consumption are characterized. In the paper, the main factors of the formation of fashion innovations in the system of fashion are formulated and the main functional categories of the fashion system as the integrated concept of fashion conduct in the modern society of consumption are defined. The paper describes the factors of the formation and realization of topical fashion products that are in line with fashion trends. The appropriateness of their adaptation and implementation in the design of fashion clothes of various classes, from prêt-a-porte to mass market as fashion products of the fashion system is substantiated.

STATE SYSTEM OF STIMULATION AND REGULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

This article presents basic principles of formation of the state system of stimulation and regulation of innovation activity in developed countries. The main forms of state regulation and stimulation of innovative processes are investigated. The basic tools of the state influence on tax, price, depreciation, investment policy of enterprises with the purpose of activating innovation activity are highlighted.