Basic Physiological Parameters Research Articles

Wireless sensor network-based health monitoring and smart home assistance for the older adults in sports and wellness towns.

Integrating technology with rural development is essential for addressing the unique challenges faced by aging populations in rural areas. China's national rural revitalization strategy emphasizes the importance of developing characteristic towns that focus on health and wellness demands, particularly for the older adults. However, there is a gap in the literature regarding the systematic use of technology to support the health and daily living needs of this demographic. This study aims to bridge this gap by proposing a wireless sensor network (WSN)-based system that integrates health monitoring and smart home assistance, specifically tailored for older adults residents in sports and wellness towns. The system's design involves collecting and analyzing historical activity data and basic physiological parameters from older adults residents' homes. The data are cleaned, combined and stored to prepare it for behavior analysis, which is vital for controlling smart home equipment. Preliminary health assessments are conducted using the collected physiological data. A hybrid network leveraging Sub-G and Wi-Fi technologies is optimized for the purposes of collecting and uploading data, based on a comparative analysis of wireless communication options. This study significantly contributes to the advancement of sports and wellness towns by promoting healthy aging through cutting-edge technological solutions.

Guideline-recommended basic parameter adherence in neurocritical care stroke patients: Observational multicenter individual participant data analysis.

Neurocritical care patients with neurovascular disease often face poor long-term outcomes, highlighting the pivotal role of evidence-based interventions. Although International Guidelines emphasize managing basic physiological parameters like temperature, blood glucose, blood pressure, and oxygen levels, physician adherence to these targets remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess adherence to guideline-based treatment targets for basic physiological parameters in neurocritical care. This multicenter observational study was conducted across eight tertiary University Hospitals in Germany analyzed 474 patients requiring mechanical ventilation (between January 1st and December 31st, 2021). Adherence was defined as the rate of measurements within therapeutic ranges for systolic blood pressure (situation-adapted), mean blood pressure (MAP, 60-90 mmHg), glucose levels (80-180 mg/dl), body temperature (<37.5°C), partial arterial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) 80-120 mmHg und partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 35-45 mmHg during the initial 96 h of hospitalization in 4 hour-intervals. Overall, 70.7% of all measurements were within the predetermined therapeutic ranges including SBP (71.3%), temperature (68.3%), MAP (71.4%), PaO2 (65.2%), PaCO2 (75.0%) and blood glucose (80.7%). This multicenter study demonstrates adherence to guideline-based treatment targets, underscoring the high standards maintained by neurological intensive care units. Our study offers valuable insights into adherence to guideline-based treatment targets for neurocritical care patients in Germany. To improve patient care and optimize therapeutic strategies in neurovascular diseases, further research is needed to examine the impact of these adherence parameters on long-term outcomes.

Plasma Volume Shifts and Acid–Base Balance After a Single Bout of Resistance Training

Abstract Purpose Changes in plasma volume (PV), acid–base status and ventilation have rarely been investigated in relation to resistance training (RT). This study aimed to investigate the effect of a single set of exhaustive leg press exercise on these basic physiological parameters in an integrated manner. Methods Twenty-seven male individuals (27.1 ± 4.1 years, 1.82 ± 0.62 m, 84.4 ± 12.5 kg, BMI: 25.4 ± 3.0 k/gm2) performed a single set leg press exercise during which hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), hematocrit (Hct), pH, oxygen (pO2) and carbon dioxide partial pressures (pCO2), hydrogen carbonate concentration ([HCO3−]), standard base excess (SBE) and lactate concentration ([La−]) were determined. Total buffer capacity was calculated based on pH, [HCO3−] and pCO2. Results Mean PV decreased by 559 ± 230 mL (13.7%). As a result, arterial oxygen content was significantly increased due to hemoconcentration (P &lt; 0.001). At exhaustion, pH (7.30 ± 0.06), [HCO3−] (18.6 ± 2.0 mmol/L) and SBE (− 6.6 ± 2.4 mmol/L) were all significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.0001). The pCO2 first remained unchanged (39.4 ± 4.3 mm Hg) but demonstrated a significant decrease one-minute post-exercise (34.4 ± 4.2 mmHg), indicating metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation, which was maintained until t+15. Non-bicarbonate buffering remained constant during recovery while the respiratory component steadily increased until 15-min post-exercise (50.2 mmol/L per pH). Conclusion PV shifts following a single set of leg press exercise improve post-exercise arterial oxygen content. The moderate metabolic acidosis was not compensated during exercise because of restricted breathing but partly compensated during the following 15-min recovery period. The respiratory compensation as part of the bicarbonate buffering made up 50% of total buffer capacity in the course of recovery.

Comparison of Propofol and Alfaxalone as Anesthesic Drugs in Bitches Undergoing Ovariohysterectomies (Healthy Bitches and with Pyometra) and Cesarean Sections.

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of two anesthetic agents, alfaxalone and propofol, on maternal physiological parameters (heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, and temperature) on either ovariohysterectomies or cesarean sections in bitches. A total of 34 healthy and pyometra-affected females (classified as ASA II), were induced with IV propofol (4 mg/kg), while 35 females, both healthy and pyometra affected, were induced with IV alfaxalone (1 mg/kg). For cesarean sections, females (ASA II) were induced with propofol (n = 14) or alfaxalone (n = 14). Additionally, the neonatal viability and modified Apgar score were recorded at 5, 60, and 120 min post-delivery. There were no significant differences in the physiological parameters when comparing the use of propofol and alfaxalone in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomies, regardless of their health status, nor when comparing cesarean sections. It was observed that bitches induced with propofol occasionally required an additional dose for maintenance of the anesthesia. Neonatal mortality rates were similar for both groups; however, alfaxalone was associated with higher neonatal viability as indicated by the Apgar scores. The findings suggest that both anesthetic protocols are effective and safe for use in canine reproductive surgeries, with no major differences in basic physiological parameters' alteration or neonatal outcomes between the two agents.

Physiological responses of the microalgae Thalassiosira weissflogii to the presence of the herbicide glyphosate in the medium.

We evaluated changes in growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and basic physiological and biochemical parameters of the microalgae Thalassiosira weissflogii cells under the influence of the herbicide glyphosate in concentrations 0, 25, 95 and 150μgL-1 . The toxic effect of glyphosate on algae is weakly dependent on the level of cell mineral nutrition. High concentrations of the herbicide do not lead to the death of microalgae but block the process of algae cell division. An increase in the glyphosate concentration in the medium leads to a slowdown or stop of algal growth, a decrease in their final biomass, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarisation of mitochondrial membranes and metabolic activity of algae. Glyphosate inhibits the photosynthetic activity of cells and inhibits the relative rate of electron transport in the photosynthetic apparatus. Glyphosate at the studied concentrations does not affect the size characteristics of cells and the intracellular content of chlorophyll in T. weissflogii . The studied herbicide or products of its decay retain their toxic properties in the environment for at least 9days. This result shows the need for further in-depth studies to assess the physiological response and possible acclimation changes in the functional state of oxygenic phototrophs in response to the herbicide action. The species specificity of microalgae to the effects of glyphosate in natural conditions is potentially dangerous due to a possible change in the species structure of biocoenoses, in particular, a decrease in the contribution of diatoms.

Влияние комбинации пропофол и изофлуран на основные физиологические параметры собак

The drug development process is usually divided into three main stages: development, preclinical evaluation, and clinical trials. The regulatory requirements of international guidelines usually require toxicological and pharmacological studies on at least two types of laboratory animals: rodents and non-rodents. Beagle dogs are often used as model non-rodents to study the efficacy and safety of newly developed drugs and chemicals due to the similarity of their anatomical morphology and physiology to humans. The work is devoted to the study of the effect of a combination of propofol and isoflurane on basic physiological parameters such as: blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, capnogram, electrocardiogram, heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, glucose level. The study was approved by the local Bioethics Commission. 10 males and 10 females of the Beagle breed aged from 1 to 2 years were used. Initially, propofol was administered to all dogs at a dose of 10 mg / kg intravenously, then an endotracheal tube No. 6.0–-6.5 was installed, 4 minutes after the introduction of propofol, isoflurane was supplied with a flow rate of 1 l /min and a concentration of 2 % of the gas mixture. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the combination of propofol and isoflurane has some depressive effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. At the same time, there was no effect on blood glucose levels and blood oxygen saturation. This combination did not cause hypothermia in dogs in the study. The data obtained indicate good tolerability of combined anesthesia, and allow for the widespread use of a combination of propofol and isoflurane in the anesthesiological provision of dogs.

Кадмий и свинец в кормах для аквакультуры (аналитический обзор)

Heavy metals are priority pollutants in feed for aquaculture safety. The study of the intake dynamics and distribution of heavy metals in the abiotic and biotic components of ecosystems proves their significant intake with the diet and higher accumulation during the period of active feeding. The purpose of this work was analysis of regulatory and legal documents in the field of feed control, information on contamination of water bodies and feed raw materials by cadmium and lead, their toxicity and accumulation in the organisms, as well as 2020-2023 monitoring results of feed raw materials of plant and animal origin and plant feeds analysis to justify the need for rationing their permissible levels not only in raw materials, but also in ready-made feed for aquaculture and to assess further prospects for increasing productivity and stable reproduction in the fisheries. The search for scientific information was carried out using the databases Scopus, WoS, Science- Direct, PubChem, PubMed and Elibrary in Russian and English. The information search criteria were limited by the analysis data of from the state veterinary information system «Vesta» of the lead and cadmium contamination detection in plant feeds, feed raw materials of plant and animal origin in the period from 2020 to the first quarter (inclusive) of 2023. For ready-made feeds used in aquaculture the permissible levels of cadmium and lead are not strictly regulated by documents today. The liver, kidneys, gill petals, gonads and muscles take the most active part in the exchange and deposition of heavy metals in fish. Accumulation of heavy metals mains to pathological changes: high levels of heavy metals in the water and feed of cage farms lead to changes in the basic physiological parameters of fish. However, there is not enough information about the contamination of artificial feeds used for fish grown in cages and pools. The development of preparations for leveling effects of cadmium and lead on fish, experimental works maximum close to the real conditions of cultivation and reproduction, and a more in-depth study of the participation of heavy metals in antibiotic resistance dissemination with the participation of aquatic animals are needed.

Validation of Polar Grit X Pro for Estimating Energy Expenditure during Military Field Training: A Pilot Study.

Wearables are lightweight, portable technology devices that are traditionally used to monitor physical activity and workload as well as basic physiological parameters such as heart rate. However recent advances in monitors have enabled better algorithms for estimation of caloric expenditure from heart rate for use in weight loss as well as sport performance. can be used for estimating energy expenditure and nutritional demand. Recently, the military has adopted the use of personal wearables for utilization in field studies for ecological validity of training. With popularity of use, the need for validation of these devices for caloric estimates is needed to assist in work-rest cycles. Thus the purpose of this effort was to evaluate the Polar Grit X for energy expenditure (EE) for use in military training exercises. Polar Grit X Pro watches were worn by active-duty elite male operators (N = 16; age: 31.7 ± 5.0 years, height: 180.1 ± 6.2 cm, weight: 91.7 ± 9.4 kg). Metrics were measured against indirect calorimetry of a metabolic cart and heart rate via a Polar heart rate monitor chest strap while exercising on a treadmill. Participants each performed five 10-minute bouts of running at a self-selected speed and incline to maintain a heart rate within one of five heart rate zones, as ordered and defined by Polar. Polar Grit X Pro watch had a good to excellent interrater reliability to indirect calorimetry at estimating energy expenditure (ICC = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.61-0.89, F (74,17.3) = 11.76, p < 0.0001) and a fair to good interrater reliability in estimating macronutrient partitioning (ICC = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.3-0.65, F (74,74.54) = 2.98, p < 0.0001). There is a strong relationship between energy expenditure as estimated from the Polar Grit X Pro and measured through indirect calorimetry. The Polar Grit X Pro watch is a suitable tool for estimating energy expenditure in free-living participants in a field setting and at a range of exercise intensities.

Glaucoma Detection Using Fundus Images of the Retina

In the paper that we are proposing we make use of the image processing technique that can be further used to detect or predict whether the eye is glaucomatic which leads to increase in the size of the optic cup in turn affecting the optic disc. Glaucoma being the second major reason for blindness was very difficult to detect in the early stages. Here in this paper, we make use of the retinal fundus images and glaucoma is being detected using the features that we extract from the fundus images. The first feature that we extract includes one of the basic physiological parameters which is the Cup to Disc ratio (CDR) and the second feature that we extract is the neuro retinal rim which has the inferior, superior, nasal and the temporal quadrants often called the ISNT quadrants which can be used to detect glaucoma in the fundus image of the eye.

Decision-Refillable-Based Two-Material-View Fuzzy Classification for Personal Thermal Comfort

The personal thermal comfort model is used to design and control the thermal environment and predict the thermal comfort responses of individuals rather than reflect the average response of the population. Previous individual thermal comfort models were mainly focused on a single material environment. However, the channels for individual thermal comfort were various in real life. Therefore, a new personal thermal comfort evaluation method is constructed by means of a reliable decision-based fuzzy classification model from two views. In this study, a two-view thermal comfort fuzzy classification model was constructed using the interpretable zero-order Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) fuzzy classifier as the basic training subblock, and it is the first time an optimized machine learning algorithm to study the interpretable thermal comfort model is used. The relevant information (including basic information, sampling conditions, physiological parameters, physical environment, environmental perception, and self-assessment parameters) was obtained from 157 subjects in experimental chambers with two different materials. This proposed method has the following features: (1) The training samples in the input layer contain the feature data under experimental conditions with two different materials. The training models constructed from the training samples under these two conditions complement and restrict each other and improve the accuracy of the whole model training. (2) In the rule layer of the training unit, interpretable fuzzy rules are designed to solve the existing layers with the design of short rules. The output of the intermediate layer of the fuzzy classifier and the fuzzy rules are difficult to explain, which is problematic. (3) Better decision-making knowledge information is obtained in both the rule layer of the single-view training model and in the two-view fusion model. In addition, the feature mapping space is generated according to the degree of contribution of the decision-making information from the two single training views, which not only preserves the feature information of the source training samples to a large extent but also improves the training accuracy of the model and enhances the generalization performance of the training model. Experimental results indicated that TMV-TSK-FC has better classification performance and generalization performance than several related state-of-the-art non-fuzzy classifiers applied in this study. Significantly, compared with the single view fuzzy classifier, the training accuracies and testing accuracies of TMV-TSK-FC are improved by 3–11% and 2–9%, respectively. In addition, the experimental results also showed good semantic interpretability of TMV-TSK-FC.

Characterisation of marine bacterium Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 with Laminaria japonica degradation capability

Marine bacterium Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 was revealed to be able to effectively degrade Laminaria japonica thallus fragments into fine particles. Polysaccharide substrate specificity analysis indicated that ALW1 could produce extracellular alginate lyase, laminarinase, fucoidanase and cellulase. Based on alignment of the 16 S rRNA sequence with other reference relatives, ALW1 showed the closest relationship with Microbulbifer aggregans CCB-MM1T. The cell morphology and some basic physiological and biochemical parameters of ALW1 cells were characterised. ALW1 is a Gram-negative, rod- or oval-shaped, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterium. The DNA–DNA relatedness values of ALW1 with type strains of M. gwangyangensis (JCM 17,800), M. aggregans (JCM 31,875), M. maritimus (JCM 12,187), M. okinawensis (JCM 16,147) and M. rhizosphaerae (DSM 28,920) were 28.9%, 43.3%, 41.2%, 35.4% and 45.6%, respectively. The major cell wall sugars of ALW1 were determined to be ribose and galactose, which differed from other closely related species. These characteristics indicated that ALW1 could be assigned to a separate species of the genus Microbulbifer. The complete genome of ALW1 contained one circular chromosome with 4,682,287 bp and a GC content of 56.86%. The putative encoded proteins were categorised based on their functional annotations. Phenotypic, physiological, biochemical and genomic characterisation will provide insights into the many potential industrial applications of Microbulbifer sp. ALW1.Key points.

Modulation of P2X4 receptor activity by ivermectin and 5-BDBD has no effect on the development of ARPKD in PCK rats.

Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an inherited pathology caused mainly by mutations of the polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (PKHD1) gene, which usually leads to end-stage renal disease. Previous studies suggested that the P2X purinoreceptor 4 (P2X4 R) may play an important role in the progression of ARPKD. To test this hypothesis, we assessed the chronic effects of ivermectin (P2X4 R allosteric modulator) and 5-BDBD (P2X4 R antagonist) on the development of ARPKD in PCK/CrljCrl-Pkhd1pck/CRL (PCK) rats. Our data indicated that activation of ATP-mediated P2X4 R signaling with ivermectin for 6 weeks in high dose (50 mg/L; water supplementation) decreased the total body weight of PCK rats while the heart and kidney weight remained unaffected. Smaller doses of ivermectin (0.5 or 5mg/L, 6 weeks) or the inhibition of P2X4 R signaling with 5-BDBD (18 mg/kg/day, food supplement for 8 weeks) showed no effect on electrolyte balance or the basic physiological parameters. Furthermore, cystic index analysis for kidneys and liver revealed no effect of smaller doses of ivermectin (0.5 or 5mg/L) and 5-BDBD on the cyst development of PCK rats. We observed a slight increase in the cystic liver index on high ivermectin dose, possibly due to the cytotoxicity of the drug. In conclusion, this study revealed that pharmacological modulation of P2X4 R by ivermectin or 5-BDBD does not affect the development of ARPKD in PCK rats, which may provide insights for future studies on investigating the therapeutic potential of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-P2 signaling in PKD diseases.

The Effect of an Extract and Fractions of Date Pits on Some Plasma Constituents, Reproductive Hormones, and Testicular Histology in Male Mice.

Pits of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) have numerous nutritional benefits that could have wide-ranging applications. This study aimed to examine the effects of administering three extracts from powdered date pits on some basic physiological parameters, plasma constituents, reproductive hormones, and testicular histology in CD1 male mice. Three groups received doses of 100 mg/kg/day of lyophilized extract, a nonpolar fraction, and a polar fraction of date pits by oral gavage for 28 consecutive days. For the control, one group was administered a 1 mL/kg concentration of distilled water. The three different extracts significantly increased the plasma testosterone level but showed no significant effect on estradiol or luteinizing hormone levels, except for estradiol reduction in the polar extract group. The measured physiological or biochemical parameters or testicular histology also demonstrated no significant differences between the control mice and those mice treated with the three extracts, except for reductions in plasma urea in all extracts and in total protein in the nonpolar extract. Therefore, date pit extracts may potentially be used as a safe and effective dietary supplement. However, further investigation is needed.

An XGBoost-based model for assessment of aortic stiffness from wrist photoplethysmogram

Background and ObjectiveCarotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) is the gold standard for non-invasive assessment of aortic stiffness. Photoplethysmography used in wearable devices provides an indirect measurement method for cf-PWV. This study aimed to construct a cf-PWV prediction method based on the XGBoost algorithm and wrist photoplethysmogram (wPPG) for the early screening of arteriosclerosis in primary healthcare. MethodsData from 210 subjects were used for modeling, and 100 subjects were used as an external validation set. The wPPG pulse waves were filtered by discrete wavelet transform, and various features were extracted from each waveform, including two original indexes. The extraction rate (ER) and Pearson P were calculated to evaluate the applicability of each feature for model training. The magnitude of cf-PWV was predicted by an XGBoost-based model using the selected features and basic physiological parameters (age, sex, height, weight and BMI). The level of aortic stiffness was classified by a 3-classification strategy according to the standard cf-PWV (measured by the Complior device). Bland-Altman plot, Pearson correlation analysis, and accuracy tested performance from two aspects: predicting the magnitude of cf-PWV and classifying the level of aortic stiffness. ResultsIn the external validation set (n = 100, age range 22–79), 97 subjects obtained features (ER = 97%). The predicted cf-PWV was significantly correlated with the standard cf-PWV (r = 0.927, P < 0.001). The accuracy (AC) of the 3-classification was 85.6%. The interrater agreement for assessing aortic stiffness was at least substantial (quadratically weighted Kappa = 0.833). ConclusionsThe multi-parameter fusion cf-PWV prediction method based on the XGBoost algorithm and wPPG pulse wave analysis proves the feasibility of atherosclerosis screening in wearable devices.

Blood pressure monitoring techniques in the natural state of multi-scenes: A review.

Blood pressure is one of the basic physiological parameters of human physiology. Frequent and repeated measurement of blood pressure along with recording of environmental or other physiological parameters when measuring blood pressure may reveal important cardiovascular risk factors that can predict occurrence of cardiovascular events. Currently, wearable non-invasive blood pressure measurement technology has attracted much research attention. Several different technical routes have been proposed to solve the challenge between portability or continuity of measurement methods and medical level accuracy of measurement results. The accuracy of blood pressure measurement technology based on auscultation and oscillography has been clinically verified, while majority of other technical routes are being explored at laboratory or multi-center clinical demonstration stage. Normally, Blood pressure measurement based on oscillographic method outside the hospital can only be measured at intervals. There is a need to develop techniques for frequent and high-precision blood pressure measurement under natural conditions outside the hospital. In this paper, we discussed the current status of blood pressure measurement technology and development trends of blood pressure measurement technology in different scenarios. We focuses on the key technical challenges and the latest advances in the study of miniaturization devices based on oscillographic method at wrist and PTT related method at finger positions as well as technology processes. This study is of great significance to the application of high frequency blood pressure measurement technology.

The Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Endogenous Phytohormone Status in Hordeum vulgare L. under Salt Stress.

Acclimation to salt stress in plants is regulated by complex signaling pathways involving endogenous phytohormones. The signaling role of salicylic acid (SA) in regulating crosstalk between endogenous plant growth regulators’ levels was investigated in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Ince’; 2n = 14) leaves and roots under salt stress. Salinity (150 and 300 mM NaCl) markedly reduced leaf relative water content (RWC), growth parameters, and leaf water potential (LWP), but increased proline levels in both vegetative organs. Exogenous SA treatment did not significantly affect salt-induced negative effects on RWC, LWP, and growth parameters but increased the leaf proline content of plants under 150 mM salt stress by 23.1%, suggesting that SA enhances the accumulation of proline, which acts as a compatible solute that helps preserve the leaf’s water status under salt stress. Changes in endogenous phytohormone levels were also investigated to identify agents that may be involved in responses to increased salinity and exogenous SA. Salt stress strongly affected endogenous cytokinin (CK) levels in both vegetative organs, increasing the concentrations of CK free bases, ribosides, and nucleotides. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, auxin) levels were largely unaffected by salinity alone, especially in barley leaves, but SA strongly increased IAA levels in leaves at high salt concentration and suppressed salinity-induced reductions in IAA levels in roots. Salt stress also significantly increased abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene levels; the magnitude of this increase was reduced by treatment with exogenous SA. Both salinity and SA treatment reduced jasmonic acid (JA) levels at 300 mM NaCl but had little effect at 150 mM NaCl, especially in leaves. These results indicate that under high salinity, SA has antagonistic effects on levels of ABA, JA, ethylene, and most CKs, as well as basic morphological and physiological parameters, but has a synergistic effect on IAA, which was well exhibited by principal component analysis (PCA).

Study on body area network of smart clothing for physiological monitoring

With the popularity of the concept of big health and the important role of wearable devices in medical health, users pay more attention to the collection and acquisition of physiological data, but wearable devices attached to human users are independent, and the degree of data sharing is low. Improving the data sharing, accuracy, and reliability of wearable device monitoring is a problem that the article needs to study and solve. Specifically, the researcher summarizes the characteristics of the physiological monitoring smart clothing, and the basic physiological data parameters of human body, and analyzes the collection of three basic signals of electrocardiogram, body temperature, and human movement. This article summarizes the requirements and key technologies of body area network transmission of smart clothing, and studies the body area network node design, energy consumption optimization mode, and network architecture of physiological monitoring smart clothing. At the same time, based on the previous research, the multi-interaction process of smart clothing is formed, and then the standard evaluation system of smart clothing body domain network for evaluation is proposed. The results show that the optimized structure of the body area network of smart clothing proposed by the researchers is efficient, convenient, and mobile, and meets the characteristics of safety, reliability, low power consumption, and portability of smart clothing, especially in the field of physiological monitoring. The standard evaluation system of smart clothing body area network provides a practice-oriented theoretical reference for the current research of smart clothing body area network.

Sublethal pesticide exposure influences behaviour, but not condition in a widespread Australian lizard.

Assessment of non-target impacts of pesticides used widely in agriculture and pest management rarely considers reptiles. Despite their integral role in all ecosystems, particularly arid ecosystems, reptiles are not included in risk assessments. Two pesticides used in agricultural pest management are fipronil and fenitrothion. Here, we used a field-based BACI design experiment in semi-arid Australia to investigate the impact of these pesticides on basic physiological and behavioural parameters of a common arid-zone lizard species, Pogona vitticeps. Fipronil and fenitrothion were applied at ecologically relevant doses via oral gavage. Before and after dosing, blood, physical activity and body condition parameters were assessed. We found that temperature significantly influenced lizard activity in the morning period of movement; however, fipronil-treated individuals moved at least 49% less than fenitrothion-treated and control lizards from 7days after dosing through to the end of the experiment. Physiological measures did not change significantly before or after exposure to both pesticides; however, other indicators showed evidence of exposure, which remained for the entirety of our monitoring period. On average, cholinesterase inhibition was still >30% compared with control lizards at the end of 4weeks, and fipronil sulfone blood residues remained at 0.219μg/ml. Our study provides novel insights into the impacts that common pesticides have on widespread lizard species. We show that an ecologically relevant low dose of fipronil alters the behaviour of P. vitticeps, which has the potential to impact longer-term survivability. Persistence of both pesticides in the blood of all treatment lizards throughout the experiment indicates they are unable to clear these toxins within a month of being exposed. This may be significant for compounding exposure and latent toxicity. These findings highlight the susceptibility that reptiles have to a selection of common pesticides and the inherent need for higher prominence in wildlife ecotoxicological research.

Evaluation of indicators of red blood and some indicators of the aggregate state of blood in students in different periods of study, taking into account gender differences

BACKGROUND: An examination session in students can be considered as a manifestation of a stress factor. As a result, during this period there are changes in the basic physiological parameters of students, which are due to the release of a large amount of cortisol. AIM: To evaluate the indicators of red blood and some indicators of the aggregate state of blood in students in different periods of study, taking into account gender differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study design included 100 examined. Of the total number of examined relatively healthy (did not make complaints, were not on the dispensary register and did not have established diagnoses) 100 people (50 men and 50 women). The absence of diseases was confirmed by medical documentation, since all persons of this group underwent an annual preventive examination for admission to study. Included in the study were volunteers aged between 18 and 30 years who, based on medical records, had no acute or chronic illness and gave voluntary consent to participate in the study. The average age was 23 3 years. RESULTS: Based on the presented study, it was found that the stressful situation caused by the examination session leads to pronounced changes in the hemostasis system, which may be a manifestation of endothelial dysfunction, while there are differences between these changes in men and women, which are manifested by differences in indicators of red blood, rheological properties of blood, endothelin levels, von Willebrand factor, tPA-PAI-1 complexes, antithrombin III. In addition, when comparing these indicators by gender, the predominance of fibrinogen levels in female students over men was noted. However, despite the pronounced changes in the hemostasis system, they were not critical and did not lead to the development of pathological conditions, moreover, as further studies showed, these changes were quickly stopped when the stress factor was stopped. As our research shows, after the end of the session, in the period of 7-8 days, both men and women, all analyzed indicators returned to physiologically normal indicators. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the conducted studies show that during the examination session, which can be regarded as a stressful situation, there is a significant activation of the hemostasis system, while there are certain differences related to gender. Thus, the predominance of fibrinogen levels in female students over men was established.

Effects of Different Concentrations of Ganpu Tea on Fecal Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Mice.

Ganpu tea is composed of tangerine peel and Pu-erh tea. Current research suggests that both products can interact with gut microbes and thus affect health. However, as a kind of compound health food, little information is available about the effect of Ganpu tea on intestinal microorganisms. In this study, the basic physiological parameters (body weight, white adipose tissue and serum fat), the regulation of intestinal microorganisms and content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of healthy mice were studied. The Ganpu tea can reduce the weight gain of mice and the increase in white adipose tissue (p < 0.01). After the intake of Ganpu tea, the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased (p < 0.05), whereas that of Firmicutes decreased (p < 0.01), indicating the latent capacity of Ganpu tea in adjusting the gut microbiota. Moreover, Ganpu tea differentially affected the content of different types of SCFAs in feces. Ganpu tea at the lowest concentrations showed positive effects on the concentrations of SCFAs such as acetic acid and propionic acid, whereas the concentration of butyric acid was decreased. For branched short-chain fatty acids (BSCFAs) such as isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, etc., Ganpu tea reduced their concentrations. Our results indicated that Ganpu tea may have positive effects on preventing obesity in humans, but further research is needed before introducing such dietary therapy.