Basic Analysis Methods Research Articles

Subjectivity Tracking System for Poor Scholarship Recipients at Elementary School Using the MOORA Method

This research was conducted because of complaints from several parents at Elementary School regarding recipients of the Poor Student Assistance (PSA) who were still less objective. Elementary School XY regularly conduct screening activities every year to select prospective PSA recipients. This selection is made so that the recipients of this assistance are students entitled to it. Some students should be accepted as a selection committee but do not mistake of choosing some students who have kinship or subjective matters. Therefore, this study aims to explore and create applications that apply the Multi Objective Optimization to the basic Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method, which is a method for determining students based on predetermined criteria. The criteria used are the value of report cards, student achievement, student activity, parental income, parental dependents, and home conditions. After conducting a search and implementation using the MOORA method in determining PSA recipients, it was found that there were some non-objective results where the student's criteria and final results were lower than some other students. However the Elementary School provided a recommendation to get PSA. If this happens again, then the importance of this system is to help objective selection. The accuracy results explained that 14.39% of PSA recipients were subjective. It was concluded that this research helps an objective decision and facilitates the decision maker in determining the best 3 recipients from each class at Elementary School XY.

Освоение угольных месторождений в Республике Тыва: вызовы и риски

Description of the main theme. Before the Republic of Tyva, the modern conditions of development have put forward the challenges of intensifying the development of natural resources to improve living standards and reduce unemployment. Since coal is the main wealth of the interior of Tyva, it is necessary to find ways to involve this resource in economic circulation. Object problems. At present, a coal-mining territory is being formed in Tyva and the volume of coal production is growing dynamically. There are high risks. Purpose of the study. Analysis and systematization of the challenges and risks of a large-scale increase in coal production in Tyva. Basic methods of analysis. Methods of systemic, economic and statistical analysis, classification were used. The research was based on statistical and analytical data for Russia and the Republic of Tuva and internet resources. Research results. The scientific novelty of the study consists of the analysis of the development of coal mining in the regions of the Russian Federation, systematization of risks arising in the formation of coal-industrial territory in Tyva. Natural, anthropogenic, technogenic and socio-economic risks are identified, differing in the source of their occurrence. Ecological risks from anthropogenic and technogenic risks are highlighted. The ways of reducing the possible environmental load are substantiated. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that in order to reduce the lag in the parameters of socio-economic processes in Tyva, one of the effective ways is the formation of a coal mining area. This implies the creation of an energy-chemical complex for coal processing and the production of a wide range of coal chemistry products, an increase in coal export volumes after the construction of the railway. To eliminate the high risks of this strategic direction of regional development, it is proposed to implement a number of innovative sustainable technology, systematic monitoring of the state of coal mining territories.

A conversation analysis of dispreferred social acts in the “Notting Hill” film

This study aims to examine types and functions of dispreferred social acts and means of their realizationsin speech. The data of the research are collected from the film transcript of “Notting Hill”, predominantly dialogues between the main characters. The basic method of analysis is Conversation Analysis, which is based on Levinson’s speech act theory and Yule’s patterns of realizations of dispreferred social acts. The results of the research show that out of the six types the dispreferred social acts of question, offer and request can serve as the main types used by the participants of the dialogues. As for the realizations of dispreferred social acts, they occur in both marked and unmarked forms. The marked forms are represented by mitigating devices, prefacing, hesitating, delaying, apologizing, giving an account, changing the topic, silence and tricks / lies. The last device is not mentioned in the previously acknowledged list of marked forms, but it is thanks to it that the scenario of the film develops in a most humorous way, thus verifying the genuine genre of the film as a romantic comedy. The examination of the functions shows that the characters use the marked forms chiefly to provide grounded reason for their refusals and rejections, to avoid the negative consequence of the preceding utterance and focus on the positive side of the dispreferred situation.

Analysis of the way of pretreatment before transportation of palm biomass fuel

With the increasing concern about the environment, renewable energy development is imminent, and biomass utilization is an essential part of it. In many regions (e.g., Southeast Asia), palm kernels are a very economical feedstock for biomass energy production. However, the collection and transportation of palm kernels are complicated, which is not conducive to the further development of this industry. This paper analyzes the current situation of collection and transportation of palm kernels in Southeast Asian countries using basic analysis methods. Meanwhile, the characteristics of palm fruit bunches as biomass fuel and its transportation and handling methods are briefly introduced and analyzed concerning the fuel demand of biomass power generation projects. The shortcomings of the current methods were identified, and relevant directions for improvement were proposed. It is hoped that it can improve the transportation efficiency of palm fruit bunches as a feedstock for biomass power generation and provide a reference basis for the collection and transportation of palm fruit bunches biomass.

Prediction of Relational Deciphering Stimuli of Compound Abbreviated Appellatives

The present study is devoted to the description of the methodology for predicting word combinations equivalent to compound abbreviated appellatives, which is based on the use of the correlation of semantic cases of equivalent word combinations and structural schemes of a relational deciphering stimulus. The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that it is a description of the applied part of the methodology for compiling the “Explanatory Dictionary of Compound Words”, and also by the fact that, on a synchronous cut of the language, the relational deciphering stimulus is a productive unit of the equivalence nest, which, realizing the actant-numerical semantics of the presentative and modifier, reflects various semantic roles of the abbroconstruct of a compound word. The object is a relational deciphering stimulus, i.e. such a regular model for deciphering an abbreviation that implements the actant and actant-numeric characteristics of the presentative and modifier. The purpose of the article is to describe the methodology for filling gaps in the equivalence nest of a compound abbreviated appellative. The paper uses linguistic methods and techniques for analyzing units equivalent to a compound word, in particular onomasiological - to clarify semantic roles in the formation of nests of equivalence and abbreviation pairs, a descriptive method to derive a general idea of relational semantics in the nest of equivalence of compound words, the formalization method was used in building models formal structure; component analysis was used to study the structure of specific equivalence nests; with the help of quantitative analysis, the language material was selected. The use of basic methods of analysis and synthesis made it possible to determine the patterns of not only the formation of tokens, but also lemmas that activate the semantics of the abbroconstruct, to substantiate the semantic dependence of the onomasiological feature on the onomasiological basis when predicting compound abbreviated appellatives, to establish the parameters for filling in the table of relational decoding stimuli and the prediction matrix. The obtained theoretical conclusions can be used in the collection and processing of lexicographic material, compilation of dictionaries, as well as in the study of word-formation processes of the modern Russian language and the description of specific abbreviation groups.

Assessing Readiness for Campus Hazing Prevention.

This case study examined community readiness in a cohort of U.S. universities. Drawing on the Community Readiness Model (CRM), the extent to which a campus was ready to implement a comprehensive hazing prevention plan was assessed. The study was designed to help build the knowledge base using the CRM to systematically assess the cohort's work to prevent hazing. Methods. Utilizing the CRM, key informants were interviewed. Interview data were scored using CRM rating scales and then coded following basic interpretive methods of qualitative analysis. Scores determined levels of readiness while data were analyzed for emergent themes related to a comprehensive approach to hazing prevention. Results. The CRM assessment revealed preplanning stages of readiness, meaning campus staff considered hazing prevention to be important and asking what should be done. Emergent themes that may strengthen and sustain hazing prevention in higher education are identified and discussed. Conclusions. Indications that the CRM may be useful for hazing prevention research and practice can contribute to the development of a knowledge base to support efficacy and assist campus communities in focusing their work while directing efforts toward higher levels of readiness.

Analytical control of the content of heavy metals and organochlorine pesticides in fish and fish products

The article presents the results of the estimation of lead, copper, chromium and organochlorine pesticides in fish and fish products. The flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy and gas-liquid chromatography were chosen as the basic methods of analysis. It has been established that the content of the analyzed substances in the studied objects is within the permissible limits. The influence of various methods of culinary processing on the change in concentrated levels of heavy metals in fish and fish products is considered.

Comparative Analysis Chinese Green Buildings’ of Input–Output Effect Based on Data Envelope Analysis

In order to measure implementation management efficiency of Chinese green buildings, the input–output index system of Chinese green buildings was constructed base on provincial-level panel data during 2017–2021.The basic model Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and DEA-Malmquist index method were adopted to measure and analyze the development law and time–region evolution tendency of implementation efficiency of Chinese green buildings from the static and dynamic perspectives, contributing to clarifying critical factors of restricting green building development, respectively. It was found that the comprehensive implementation management efficiency of Chinese green buildings was lower, but the development tendency was good. There was a remarkable regional and provincial difference, showing the development pattern of “east > middle > west” as a whole. Pure technical efficiency did not have a big gap, but most areas kept an invalid scale state, resulting in fluctuations of regional efficiency in varying degrees. The average annual increase of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) was 14.80%, indicating that TFP was developed well. Technical progress was considered as a decisive factor to restrain increase or decrease of TFP. As a result, to improve implementation efficiency of Chinese green buildings, it is necessary to focus on destroying the regional limitations, optimizing the input scale moderately, and paying attention to technical progress and innovation management.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Sexual Medicine: A Primer

Over the past 30 years, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a powerful tool to non-invasively study the activity and function of the human brain. But along with the potential of fMRI to shed light on neurological, psychiatric, and psychological processes, there are methodological challenges and criticisms. We herein provide an fMRI primer designed for a diverse audience, from the neuroimaging novice to the experienced user. This primer is structured as follows: Part 1: Overview: "What is fMRI and what can it tell us?." Part 2: Basic fMRI principles: MR physics, the BOLD signal, and components of a typical scan session. Part 3: Basic fMRI experimental design: why timing is critical, and common sources of noise in the signal. Part 4: Basic fMRI analysis methods: software, the 3 stages of data analysis (preprocessing, individual, and group level), and a survey of advanced topics and methods including connectivity, machine learning, and assessing statistical significance. Part 5: Criticism, crises, and opportunities related to power of studies, computing requirements, logistical, and interpretational challenges, and methodological debate (assessing causality, circular correlations, and open science best practices). OUTCOMES N/A CLINICAL TRANSLATION: fMRI has primarily been used in clinical research to elucidate the brain correlates of sexual behavior. The translational potential of the method into clinical practice has not yet been realizedfMRI has primarily been used in clinical research to elucidate the brain correlates of sexual behavior. The translational potential of the method into clinical practice has not yet been realized STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: fMRI is a useful and powerful tool for understanding the brain basis of human sexuality. However, it is also expensive, requires extensive methods expertise, and lacks the precision needed to be immediately translatable to clinical practice. The recency of the method, need for basic research, technical limitations, as well as inherent variability in individuals brain activity also impact the pace at which fMRI for sexual medicine can move from the scanner to the clinic. This primer provides the novice an understanding of the appropriate uses and limitations of fMRI, and for the experienced user, a concise update on current issues and methodological advances. Mills-Finnerty C, Frangos E, Allen K, et al. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies in Sexual Medicine: A Primer. J Sex Med 2022;19:1073-1089.

COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF INDONESIA WITH COMPETITIVE COUNTRIES FOR EXPORTING OF WORLD SPICES

<p><em>Exports are an important component in the economy. The higher the export performance, the greater the positive impact. Indonesia is one of the producers of spices and is included in the 5 largest spice producing countries in the world so that it has great opportunities and potential to be developed. This study aims to determine the comparison of Indonesia's comparative advantage with competing countries for world spice exports. This study uses the basic analytical descriptive method. The data used in this research is secondary data. Secondary data in this study include data on area area, production, productivity from FAO (fao.org) and data on exports and imports from UN Comtrade (comtrade.un.org). Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that Indonesia is still in the top 4 position in the world spice commodity exporter. When viewed from the acreage and production of spices, Indonesia is still in the top rank, especially in the commodities of cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg. In the international market, it can be seen that the percentage of the market share for Indonesian spices is in fourth place.</em></p>

Reflection on the Problems of Labor Motivation in the Letters of the Oil Industry Workers of the Ural-Volga Region in 1956 (Content Analysis of the Territorial-Branch Newspapers "Neftyanik of Tataria" and "Neftyanik of Bashkiria")

This article describes the experience of content analysis of letters from oil industry workers in 1956. New little–studied sources are being put into circulation - the territorial-branch newspapers "Neftyanik of Tataria" and "Neftyanik of Bashkiria". The purpose of the study is to research the system of motivation of workers of oil-producing enterprises of the Ural-Volga region through the prism of their letters to the editorial offices of territorial-branch newspapers. The object of the study are the letters of employees published in newspaper issues for 1956. The comparison of letters published in newspapers was carried out in two aspects: by type of newspaper publisher and territorial affiliation. The article describes the experience of content analysis of letters from employees of associations and enterprises of the oil industry. The text of the article describes the analysis of letter materials carried out using the MAXQDA computer program, which implements the basic content analysis method. The use of the program made it possible to obtain data on the characteristic problems of concern to oil workers, the links between the identified categories. The UCINET program was used to visualize the data. The obtained results expand the understanding of the sources used in research on labor motivation, as well as directly supplement the data on motivation and stimulation of labor in the post-war USSR. The content analysis of the revealed semantic categories of letters showed the special importance of the category "production management" for solving both industrial and social issues.

Перспективы развития контейнерных грузоперевозок в системе цепей поставок

Objective: To modify the trends in the development of container cargo turnover in the conditions of increasing mobility and increasing the share of container cargo turnover on the railway network. Methods: Basic methods of analysis are used — statistical analysis of containerization targets, expert assessments of mechanisms for supporting and developing rail container transportation. Results: The current state of the container transportation market is described with the establishment of maximum indicators for the volume of exports, imports, transit and domestic traffic. The typology of the product line of container transportation of JSC “Russian Railways” is given. The competitive advantages of cargo transportation by road and sea modes of transport in comparison with rail are indicated. Measures have been developed to ensure the growth of container cargo turnover mobility on Russian railways, with a target setting of possible effects from their implementation in the areas of infrastructure development, expansion of the digital platform and stabilization of tariff policy. Practical importance: The results obtained should be used to optimize the technology of container transportation in the supply chain.

Algoritmic Trading System Based on State Model for Moving Average in a Binary-Temporal Representation

One of the most basic methods of technical analysis that is used in the practice of investment is the analysis of moving averages, usually calculated for exchange rates in a candlestick representation. The following paper proposes a new, state model, describing the process of trajectory changes in a binary-temporal representation. This kind of representation carries a significantly higher informative value than the candlestick one. The model is based on a proper definition of the moving average, proposed for a binary-temporal representation. The new model allows for exchange rate trajectory prediction in a short future window and, as a consequence, can be used to construct effective HFT systems. The article provides a concept of this kind of system and its comparison with others based on historical data for AUD/NZD exchange rate from the 2014–2020 period.

Image-based malware classification hybrid framework based on space-filling curves

There exists a never-ending “arms race” between malware analysts and adversarial malicious code developers as malevolent programs evolve and countermeasures are developed to detect and eradicate them. Malware has become more complex in its intent and capabilities over time, which has prompted the need for constant improvement in detection and defence methods. Of particular concern are the anti-analysis obfuscation techniques, such as packing and encryption, that are employed by malware developers to evade detection and thwart the analysis process. In such cases, malware is generally impervious to basic analysis methods and so analysts must use more invasive techniques to extract signatures for classification, which are inevitably not scalable due to their complexity. In this article, we present a hybrid framework for malware classification designed to overcome the challenges incurred by current approaches. The framework incorporates novel static and dynamic malware analysis methods, where static malware executables and dynamic process memory dumps are converted to images mapped through space-filling curves, from which visual features are extracted for classification. The framework is less invasive than traditional analysis methods in that there is no reverse engineering required, nor does it suffer from the obfuscation limitations of static analysis. On a dataset of 13,599 obfuscated and non-obfuscated malware samples from 23 families, the framework outperformed both static and dynamic standalone methods with precision, recall and accuracy scores of 97.6%, 97.6% and 97.6% respectively.

Review: Pavol Pivovarniček: Statistical methods for evaluating information in sports sciences through SPSS software

The international university textbook was published by Veda SAV and Academia AV ČR, which aim is to present systematic explanation and interpretation of statistical methods in sports sciences. The author explains statistical knowledge and shows the ways how to solve statistical problems on particular examples, result´s evaluation and interpretation of statistical analysis and gives a warning of the result´s desinterpretation. There are explanations of basic statistical terms, steps and ways of statistical ruminating, types of variables, kinds of statistical selection or range. The textbook presents required knowledge from exploratory data analysis, presents basic descriptive characteristics of statistical signs and fields. On one hand the main emphasis is on consistent interpretation of basic methods of inference data analysis – to estimate the parameters and find out the characteristics of signs´ division and on the other hand it deals with the statistical ways of testing. The publication focuses mainly on the application of theoretical backgrounds of mathematical statistics in particular scientific situations. The author emphasizes the need of subject interpretation of results. He deals with effect sizes coefficients and points out the additional and next way of results´ evaluation with orientation to subject and practical significance, what should be included in every research. All statistical ways are demonstrated by the use of IBM® SPSS® Statistics software, which is used frequently and is generally accepted statistical programme of the world. The advantage and benefit of the publication is clear scientific text, which is applied on particular examples from the sphere of sports sciences; from planning of research´s design up to final interpretation of the results. This publication is the first, which contains a connection between the theory and practice of statistical ways and that is why it can be used broadly. It is addressed mainly to students of sports sciences, to scientific workers and scientists from different spheres and disciplines. The university textbook presents a significant help to deep and detailed results´ analysis, which canhelp to move over the knowledge boundaries in sports sciences. The author of the textbook is an assistant professor at the Department of Physical education and sports of Faculty of Arts at Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica. He deals with a problem of the sports chronobiology and the body composition analysis of people from the point of viewof his scientific orientation. From the point of view of educational process, he is interested in soccer´s didactics and methodology of sports sciences in the sphere of application of exploratory and inference data analysis.DOI: https://doi.org/10.24040/sjss.2021.7.2.49-49

TERMINOLOGICAL CHAOS IN LABELLING FALSE ONLINE CONTENT

The study deals with the issue of misleading information in the Internet environment. The authors define and analyse basic terms denoting various methods of disinformation. They point to the fact that there are specific terms and phenomena forming the thematic axis of the current discourse on disinformation practices in online media. They state that there is quite a lot of chaos in the field of terminology. This is the reason why they critically reconsider the existing knowledge related to disinformation, such as fake news and the like. The ambition of the authors is the conceptualisation of disinformation methods in the context of a broadening of genres and social background. They emphasise the need to research the issue because the information quality of various blogs, posts, comments, etc. raises many unanswered questions or incorrect answers. In their analysis of the issue, they use the basic methods of logical analysis, the hermeneutic approach, as well as selectively chosen examples of individual typological variants of disinformation.

ZNAČAJ MUZIČKOG GESTA U ŽANRU USPAVANKE

The lullaby, as an established cultural practice and reproduction of culture in all nations, has also been used as a musical genre since the era of romanticism. Many composers of the 19th and 20th centuries, who were encouraged by children, included the theme of lullabies in their work as an inevitable source of inspiration. Given that it goes beyond the framework of one era, the lullaby genre builds a separate musical style, in which certain formal-expressive strategies can be recognized on an appropriate generalized level. The primary task in the paper will be precisely the identification of the modalities of musical meanings that are shown to be close in the miniatures called Lullaby, as well as in the pieces with the vaguer name Story. Recognized strategies will be catego- rized according to Robert Hatten’s semiotic approach to musical meaning, with an emphasis on the concept of musical gesture, which will therefore form the starting and basic analytical method. The correlation between the two opposing fields - musical structure and musical ex- pression, which Hatten puts in the central place, implies, therefore, an illustration of the interdependence of hermeneutics and structuralism. Such a dual method proved to be very useful in order to show a high degree of similarity in the way of shaping thematically related musical material within a relatively small analytical sample.

Building and analyzing machine learning-based warfarin dose prediction models using scikit-learn.

For personalized drug dosing, prediction models may be utilized to overcome the inter-individual variability. Multiple linear regression has been used as a conventional method to model the relationship between patient features and optimal drug dose. However, linear regression cannot capture non-linear relationships and may be adversely affected by non-normal distribution and collinearity of data. To overcome this hurdle, machine learning models have been extensively adapted in drug dose prediction. In this tutorial, random forest and neural network models will be trained in tandem with a multiple linear regression model on the International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium dataset using the scikit-learn python library. Subsequent model analyses including performance comparison, permutation feature importance computation and partial dependence plotting will be demonstrated. The basic methods of model training and analysis discussed in this article may be implemented in drug dose-related studies.

ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ОСОБОВИХ ІМЕН У СКЛАДІ КАЛЕНДАРНИХ ФРАЗЕОЛОГІЗМІВ

This article describes the definition of the concepts of «personal name», «calendar phraseological unit», «ethnic community». The article deals with the pressing problems which are typical for study of functioning personal names in calendar phraseological units. This is testified by increasing attention of Ukrainian and foreign theoreticians to this topic, as they contribute to the study of the basic methods of analysis of onomastic nomination and the mechanisms of antroponim recomprehension as phraseological units’ component. The main purpose of the paper is to investigate the essence of calendar phraseology and to state the role and function of the personal name components in the phraseological units. There have been ascertained the role of personal name components in phraseological significance’ formation and explored their semantic peculiarities in phraseological units. The system relations in the sphere of phraseological units with personal names have been studied. It has been discovered that the antroponim component of calendar phraseological unit doesn’t preserve the semantic links with the corresponding proper name in the speech and language and due to that it doesn’t motivate the meaning of the phraseologism. The semantic meaning of the antroponim in the general phraseological meaning depends on the degree of the phraseologism idiomacy. The national features of phraseologisms are always conditioned by the character of the onomastic component. The calendar phraseological units with personal names have international features.

Changes of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability and Vertebral Artery Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Patients with Cervical Vertigo.

Cervical vertigo refers to a clinical syndrome with sudden vertigo as the main symptom caused by the hemodynamic disturbance of the extracranial segment of the vertebral artery (VA) affected by cervical vertebral lesions. Small differences in pulse intervals in a patient's continuous sinus rhythm are called heart rate variability (HRV). Heart rate variability refers to the small rise and fall of instantaneous heart rate between consecutive beats and is one of the most important physiological indicators of cardiac function. Small changes between successive beats reflect some information about the heart. So, it can be used to diagnose heart disease; its parameters can be used to identify emotions. Therefore, it is possible to use the characteristics of heart rate variability to find some patterns in the high-stress state and use the computer and ECG signals to describe the high-stress state. Since the ECG signal is a universal and objective model, it is practical and convenient to use it to describe stress states. Magnetic resonance angiography (MR angiography, MRA) is a noninvasive vascular imaging method that does not require intubation and contrast agents. At present, it has been widely used in clinical practice. In order to explore the changes of short-term heart rate variability and vertebral arterial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in patients with cervical vertigo and their clinical significance, this paper introduces two basic analysis methods of heart rate variability and commonly used MRA techniques, TOF technology. In the analysis of heart rate variability in patients with cervical vertigo, the statistical values of time and spectrum domain parameters were found to be lower in the experimental group than in the control group1. MRA showed that the abnormal rate of VA in the PCI group and the cervical vertigo group was similar. In the RMSSD index, the male experimental group reached 29, and the control group 1 reached 22.