Basic Livelihood Security Research Articles

A Study on the Revision Process of the National Basic Livelihood Security Act Focusing on Customized Benefits

A Study on the Revision Process of the National Basic Livelihood Security Act Focusing on Customized Benefits

기후변화 취약성을 고려한 쇠퇴도시 진단지표 산정 개선 연구 : 폭염재해 취약성을 중심으로

Purpose: This study aims to derive diagnostic indicators for urban decline taking into account climate change. As complex natural disasters have recently been concentrated in urban areas, indicators that consider vulnerability of climate change should be calculated in selection of urban renewal-activated areas, but are not reflected in current standards presented by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. Therefore, in this study, we intend to derive a diagnosis of urban decline that considers climate change, limited to heatwave disasters among vulnerability of climate change. Method: The of number of people with heat-related illnesses was selected as dependent variable. As independent variable, indicators that were importantly mentioned were derived by reviewing and analyzing previous studies, and they were classified according to four climate change vulnerability classification systems newly classified by this study, and indicators were finally selected according to criteria for selecting climate change vulnerability index. Result: As a result of selection, In climate change risk category, day above 33 degrees, index were selected. In terms of exposure to climate change, the of elderly living alone, the of basic livelihood security recipient and the of outdoor workers were selected. The Road Area Ratio, Motor Vehicle Registration Count and Use District Ratio were selected in Climate Change Vulnerabilities category. The green area ratio, the number of heat shelter and the number of medical institutions were selected to reduce climate change. Among them, indicators excluding index and road area ratio were correlated with number of cases of heat-related illnesses.

An Institutional Ethnography of Application Works in National Basic Livelihood Security Scheme : Focused on the Divorced Women in Poverty

An Institutional Ethnography of Application Works in National Basic Livelihood Security Scheme : Focused on the Divorced Women in Poverty

Factors Affecting Healthcare Utilization among Patients with Single and Multiple Chronic Diseases.

Background:We aimed to investigate the factors affecting healthcare utilization among patients with single and multiple chronic diseases using the Andersen healthcare utilization model.Methods:We used a combination of the data from the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (2014–2016). The study population was 3,901 patients with single chronic disease and 1,829 patients with multiple chronic diseases as defined by the WHO. Participants were aged 19 yr or older. Multiple regression analysis was employed using the Andersen model to identify factors affecting healthcare utilization (inpatient and outpatient).Results:According to the Andersen model (comprising predisposing, enabling, and need factors and health behaviors), the factors that increased outpatients with single chronic disease were female, being aged 65 yr or older, having basic livelihood security benefit, immobility, and poor subjective health status. Factors that increased inpatients with single chronic disease were being aged under 65, having private insurance, immobility, poor subjective health status, and nondrinking. Moreover, factors that increased outpatients and inpatients with multiple chronic diseases were female, being aged under 65, immobility, and poor subjective health status and immobility, poor subjective health status, nondrinking, and not engaging in physical activity, respectively.Conclusion:We identified factors affecting outpatient and inpatient care utilization among patients with single and multiple chronic diseases, using the Andersen healthcare utilization model. The findings can be used as foundational data to develop preventive and management strategies in healthcare utilization among patients with single and multiple chronic diseases.

The Influence of the 2015 Welfare Reform of the National Basic Livelihood Security System on Material Hardship among the Poor

The Influence of the 2015 Welfare Reform of the National Basic Livelihood Security System on Material Hardship among the Poor

Does poverty alleviation help enhance social investment? The case of South Korea

ABSTRACT Using the 2015 Korean Welfare Panel Study data and a regression discontinuity design, this study examines the effects of the National Basic Livelihood Security System (NBLSS) participation on social investment through evaluating its impact on changes in family consumption patterns. We find that NBLSS participation was associated with increased educational expenditures. The effects were larger for households with an elementary or junior-high school student than those with a high school or college student. We also find that NBLSS participation reduced medical expenditures for households with seniors, members with chronic diseases, and members with a physical disability, most likely due to the in-kind healthcare services.

Determinants of Poverty among Single-Parent Immigrant Women

여성결혼이민자가 이혼뿐만 아니라 사별과 같은 다양한 이유로 배우자를 상실하고 한부모 여성 결혼이민자의 지위로 변화함으로써 경험하게 가장 큰 고통이라고 할 수 있는 그들의 “빈곤상태”에 대한 이론적 검토와 실증적 분석을 통해 한부모 여성결혼이민자의 빈곤탈출을 위한 정책적 시사점을 모색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 빈곤의 여성화 이론에 바탕을 두고, 한부모 여성결 혼이민자가 빈곤에 진입하는데 영향을 미치는 요인을 경제적 요인, 사회적지지 요인, 정책적 지원 요인, 개인적 요인으로 설정하였다. 분석결과, 사별 또는 이혼으로 인하여 한부모 여성결혼 이민자로 지위가 변화하게 될 경우, 배우자와 동거하는 혼인 상태의 경우에 비해 7배, 배우자와 별거중인 혼인 상태의 경우에 대비해서는 5배 이상 국민기초생활대상자의 지위로 변화될 가능 성이 높아지는 것을 실증적으로 확인하였다 또한, 경제적 요인, 사회적지지 요인, 정책적 지원 요인, 개인적 요인은 여성결혼이민자의 빈곤 상태 진입에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 한부모 여성결혼이민자의 빈곤 진입에는 경제적 요인과 개인적 요인이 의미있는 영향을 미쳤다. 한부모 여성결혼이민자가 빈곤의 최고 취약계층이라는 사실과 국적별･연령별 빈곤의 상태가 차이가 상당하다는 점에서 정책 대상별로 차별화된 빈곤탈출 지원 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다는 정책적 시사점을 발견하였다.Single-parent immigrant women through theoretical review and empirical analysis of their “poverty”, which can be said to be the biggest pain experienced by divorce and change to the status of single-parent immigrant women. The purpose is to seek policy implications for marriage immigrants to escape poverty. Based on the theory of feminization of poverty, factors affecting single-parent immigrant women into poverty were set as economic factors, social support factors, policy support factors, and personal factors. As a result of analysis, when the status of a single-parent female marriage immigrant changes due to bereavement or divorce, the national basic livelihood security is 7 times higher than in the case of a marriage with the spouse. It was confirmed empirically that the possibility of change to the status of the subject increased. In addition, economic factors, social support factors, policy support factors, and personal factors were found to have a statistically significant effect on the immigrant women s entry into poverty. However, economic and personal factors had a significant impact on the poverty of single-parent immigrant women. We found out the policy implications of the need to develop a differentiated poverty escape support program for each policy target in that there is a significant difference in the status of poverty among single-parent women who are married to the most vulnerable class of poverty and the status of poverty by nationality and age.

국민기초생활보장제도 효과 분석 방법에 대한 검토

국민기초생활보장제도 효과 분석 방법에 대한 검토

A Qualitative Study on the Reasons for Non-take-up of the National Basic Livelihood Security Scheme -A Framework Analysis Adopting a Dynamic Model-

A Qualitative Study on the Reasons for Non-take-up of the National Basic Livelihood Security Scheme -A Framework Analysis Adopting a Dynamic Model-

An Exploratory Study of Differences between the Young (& Middle-aged) and the Elderly at the Experiences in the Application for the National Basic Livelihood Security Scheme

An Exploratory Study of Differences between the Young (& Middle-aged) and the Elderly at the Experiences in the Application for the National Basic Livelihood Security Scheme

Impact of Disaster-vulnerable Population on Disaster Resilience

본 연구는 재난취약계층이 재난 회복 탄력성에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 재난취약계층으로는 고령자, 기초수급자, 장애인, 등록외국인 및 다문화가정을 살펴보았고, 재난 회복 탄력성으로는재난의 회복력을 제고하기 위한 구체적인 정책의 모든 근간인 재난관리예산을 대리변수로 활용하였다. 분석 대상 및 방법은 2013년~2017년 5개년의 기초자치단체 226개를 대상으로, 패널회귀분석 중패널수정 표준오차 모델(PCSE)과 일반화적률법(GMM)을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 장애인 비율은 재난관리예산에 일관적으로 유의미하게 부정적인 영향을, 고령인구 비율은 유의수준 10% 내 긍정적인영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러, 취약계층을 전부 활용한 재난취약계층은 유의미한 영향을미치지는 않았다. 끝으로 연구 결과에 의거하여 장애인 및 고령 인구와 재난 회복 탄력성 간의 시사점과 현재 우리나라 재난관리예산에 있어서의 재난취약계층에 대한 시사점을 제시하였다.This study examines how disaster vulnerability affects disaster resilience, focusing on the elderly, recipients of the basic livelihood security benefit, the disabled, registered foreigners and multi-cultural families as disaster vulnerable population. The disaster management budget of a local government was used as a surrogate variable for disaster resilience. The data collected from 226 basic local governments in five years from 2013 to 2017 were analyzed by PCSE and GMM. The results show that the proportion of persons with disabilities consistently and significantly affected the size of disaster management budget, while the proportion of the elderly population had a positive effect at the significance level of 10%. However, disaster-vulnerable populations did not have a significant effect. Based on the result, this study provided some implications on how disaster resilience is related to the disabled and elderly and how to manage the disaster management budget to support disaster vulnerable populations.

Estimation of Crime Vulnerable Group’s Influence on Crime Types by Multiple Regression Analysis

This paper identified crime vulnerable groups by crime type through performing a multiple regression analysis. Based on the review of prior studies, seven crime vulnerable groups (independent variable) were classified such as the elderly, children and youth, foreigners, female, basic livelihood security recipients, one-person households and multicultural families. Crime types (dependent variable) include heinous crime, theft crime, violent crime, intelligent crime, crime against the customs, other criminal crimes, and special crimes. The results of statistical analyses were as follows: First, crime vulnerable groups differed by crime types. Second, the elderly and children/youth showed a negative coefficient in all crime types. Third, foreigners were positively related with special crimes, while female was vulnerable to theft and violent crime. Multicultural families were vulnerable to heinous crime, while the basic livelihood security recipients were related to violent crime, intelligent crime, crime against the customs and other criminal crimes. The results of this study are expected to contribute to eliminating unnecessary fear of crime and developing customized measures based on the vulnerable characteristics of each crime type.

The 2015 welfare reform of the National Basic Livelihood Security System in South Korea: Effects on economic outcomes

In July 2015, South Korea’s National Basic Livelihood Security System (NBLSS) was reformed for the purposes of eliminating welfare blind spots and reducing poverty. The reform is expected to affect the recipients’ economic behaviours and choices. In this study, we used changes in benefits and eligibility for the NBLSS under the customised benefit system to identify the effects of the change in the NBLSS on a proposed set of economic outcomes – income, labour supply, consumption, savings, poverty reduction. To estimate the effects, we used data from the 10th–12th waves of the Korea Welfare Panel Study and employed a difference‐in‐differences framework integrated with the propensity scores. We found that the NBLSS helps the poor to reduce financial and material hardships through income and consumption increments, but that it does not provide disincentives to the recipients from participating in the labour market or from saving.

Evaluation of Individual and Community Factors Affecting Adolescents’ Mental Health: A Longitudinal Multilevel Analysis

This study aimed to investigate the effects of individual and community factors impacting adolescents’ mental health development. A multi-level growth model was established to analyze three-year data of 2351 eighth graders from the 2011 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). Individual characteristics including satisfaction with grades and cell phone dependency, family characteristics (level of neglect and abuse), school characteristics (peer relationships), and community perception characteristic significantly affected the growth of mental health. Percentage of basic livelihood security recipients, smoking rate, and high-risk drinking rate were significant community variables after controlling individual-level variables. The findings indicate not only the compositional effects of individuals but also the contextual effects of the community influence on adolescents’ mental health.

한국의 시민운동과 복지국가로의 우회: 국민기초생활보장법 제정 사례를 중심으로

한국의 시민운동과 복지국가로의 우회: 국민기초생활보장법 제정 사례를 중심으로

집단-격자 문화이론과 정책형성 : 국민기초생활보장제도 사례분석

집단-격자 문화이론과 정책형성 : 국민기초생활보장제도 사례분석

Examining the Association between Socioeconomic Status and Exposure to Carcinogenic Emissions in Gyeonggi of South Korea: A Multi-Level Analysis

Although South Korea introduced the Pollutant Release and Transfer Register system in 1996, there is relatively limited evidence on how socioeconomic status at both individual and municipal levels is associated with exposure to toxic chemicals in Korea because of limited data sources. Using a multi-level negative binomial model, this study examined the socioeconomic status of both individuals and municipalities with a higher level of exposure to carcinogenic emissions from industrial facilities in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. The results reveal that economic minority individuals (national basic livelihood security recipients, unemployed people, and tenants), municipalities with higher percentages of industrial land use, and foreign-born populations had more facilities that produce carcinogenic emissions. While similar findings have been reported by many environmental justice studies conducted in other countries, this is the first Korean case study that reports the relationship between socioeconomic status at both individual and municipal levels and exposure to toxic chemicals.

Impact of transfer Income on Cognitive Impairment in the elderly

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the association of cognitive impairment with the transfer income of the elderly. Cognitive disorder was examined using K-MMSE (Korean mini-mental state examination) in the elderly aged 65 and over who were admitted to the Department of Neurology A and Department of Psychiatry B in Suwon City and Osan City, Gyeonggi-do Province. The transfer income is comprised of private income transfers and public transfer incomes. This survey was conducted from November 2015 to March 2016 and a total of 214 questionnaires were received. Except for 7 unsuitable questionnaires, the rest of the 207 were analyzed with frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis using SPSS WIN 20.0. In the correlation analysis of transfer income, there was a statistically significant proportional relation of various allowances, national pension, property income, basic pension, special occupational pension, and personal pension, respectively. Only the basic livelihood security recipients showed an inverse proportional relation. Multiple regression analysis was done to examine the effects of private income transfer on cognitive impairment. The result was that there was a statistically significant proportional relation on various allowance money and property income, respectively. The explanatory power of the model was 31.9%. The public income transfer showed a statistically significant proportional relation in the national pension, special occupation pension, and basic pension, sr. The basic livelihood pension had a statistically significant inverse proportional relation and the explanatory power of the model was 31.1%. The effect of transfer income of the elderly on cognitive impairment was confirmed. The study of public transfer income is necessary to provide alternatives to the existing mental health policy for the elderly. Through more detailed and accurate research using cohort and other types of studies, various approaches to public transfer income of the elderly are suggested.

미취학자녀가 있는 국민기초생활보장제도 수급 대상 다문화가족 결혼이주여성의 생활만족도 관련 변인

This study examined the related factors of life satisfaction of married immigrant women with preschool children who are recipients of the National Basic Livelihood Security System. For this purpose, we drew data from the 2015 National Survey on Multi-cultural Families (NSMF). The target group was married immigrant women with preschool children who benefited from the National Basic Livelihood Security System (N=114). We used OLS regression to analyze the related factors of life satisfaction of the target group with the SPSS 23.0 program. The results are as follows. First, married immigrant women with preschool children who benefited from the National Basic Livelihood Security System were in their 30s and had maintained their marriage for about 8 years. The average monthly family income was below $900 and over half of them were not employed. They thought that they were healthy and were satisfied with their everyday lives. Even thought they had conflict with their spouses, they were satisfied with their spousal relationship and their spouse’s child care roles. They supported assimilation to Korean culture and their level of Korean language proficiency was at an intermediate level. Second, all independent variables explained 56% of life satisfaction in married immigrant women with preschool children who benefited from the National Basic Livelihood Security System. Satisfaction with spousal relationship and subjective health were positively associated with life satisfaction for married immigrant women. However, assimilation to Korean culture was negatively associated with life satisfaction for them. Findings of this study can provide implications for family life education programs and family policy within a multi-cultural society.

Determinants of Disaster Management Budget in Local Autonomies - Focused on Disaster Vulnerability Factors -

The purpose of this study is to explore the determinants affecting the disaster management budget, focusing on disaster-vulnerable groups in local autonomies. For this purpose, we analyzed the five-year panel data of 226 local governments in South Korea from 2012 to 2016 using the Panel Corrected Standard Error (PCSE) and Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) methods. The PCSE method showed that the ratio of elderly population and the number of businesses had a positive effect, while the ratio of basic livelihood security recipients and local share tax had a negative effect. However, the GMM method controlling endogeneity revealed that incrementalism was a positive factor but the ratio of elderly population and the ratio of basic livelihood security recipients were found insignificant. These results confirmed that the role of disaster- vulnerable groups as determinants of disaster management budget is unclear for local autonomies in South Korea.