Basic Elements Of Model Research Articles

Lo nacional y lo utópico como recursos identitarios

The so-called ’left turn’ that have taken place in Latin Americanpolitics since 1999, seems to correspond to a profound revision ofneo-liberal economics and politics of the 1980’s and 90’s. Part ofthis revision seems to be a revitalization of the nation state as aneconomic, political and symbolic (identity) resource. Anotherimportant aspect of the increasing influence of the left is the‘return of utopia’. This utopia is not identical to the socialist andleft utopias of the 60’s and 70’s, as part of the new and radical leftin Latin America tends to see nation and utopia as two sides of acoin. This fact calls the attention to the case of Cuba, oftenthought of as an obsolete ‘left-over’ of past decades, as the Cuban‘model’ actually combines two discourses: the utopian and thenational. The article presents shortly a theoretical frame-work anddiscusses some general elements of national(ist) and utopianidentity discourse. Finally it discusses some basic elements of theCuban model.

External Dose Estimates for Dolon Village: Application of the U.S./Russian Joint Methodology

Methods to estimate external dose from radioactive fallout from nuclear tests have for many years depended on two types of data: measurements of exposure rate in air and an empirically derived power function to describe the change in exposure rate with time, Over the last four years, a working group with American and Russian participation has developed a bi-national joint methodology that offers an improved capability for estimating external dose. In this method, external dose is estimated using exposure rate functions derived from data from American nuclear tests similar in construction to SNTS (Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site) devices. For example, in this paper, we derive doses for test #1 (August 29, 1949) at the SNTS using an exposure rate function for the U.S. TRINITY test. For the case of test #1, the average external dose for a person in Dolon is estimated to have been about 0.5 Gy compared to 1 to 2 Gy estimated in other work. This prediction agrees better with reported EPR measurements in teeth from village residents and with measurements of TL signals in bricks from Dolon buildings. This report presents the basic elements of the joint methodology model for estimation of external dose received from SNTS fallout.

Performance modeling and analysis of integrated logistic chains: An analytic framework

This paper is geared toward developing a network of inventory-queue models for the performance modeling and analysis of an integrated logistic network. An inventory-queue is a queueing model that incorporates an inventory replenishment policy for a store, which is a basic modeling element for an integrated logistic network. To achieve this objective, first, this paper presents an analytical modeling framework for integrated logistic chains, in which the interdependencies between model components are captured. Second, a network of inventory-queue models for performance analysis of an integrated logistic network with inventory control at all sites is developed. Then this paper extends the previous work done on the supply network model with base-stock control and service requirements. Instead of one-for-one base stock policy, batch-ordering policy and lot-sizing problems are considered. In practice, the assumption of uncapacitated production is often not true, therefore, GI x /G/1 queueing analysis is used to replace the M x /G/∞ queue based method. To include lot-sizing issue in the analysis of stores, a fixed-batch target-level production authorization mechanism is employed to explicitly obtain performance measures of the logistic chain queueing model. The validity of the proposed model is illustrated by comparing the results from the analytical performance evaluation model and those obtained from the simulation study.

New market socialism: a case for rejuvenation or inspired alchemy?

The aim of this paper is to examine the relative merits and drawbacks of two recent models of market socialism proposed by Bardhan and Roemer. This is done, first, by putting these models into the perspective of the history of economic thought. Thus, after presenting the basic elements of the early Lange model as well as the Austrian and 'new information economics' critiques, the necessary comparisons and contrasts are made to see what new light these new models bring into this debate. In addition, the internal consistency and coherence of these models is checked in terms of their own proclaimed goals. Last, a more radical methodological critique is provided. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.

Accurate evaluation of the magnetic field strength of large substation air-core reactor coils

A circular cylindrical conductor segment is a basic modeling element of substation air-core reactor coils. The analytical expressions for evaluating the stationary and quasi-stationary magnetic field strength of a segment are derived. In the derivation, a surface source model is developed to substitute the given volume current distribution by equivalent surface sources. The magnetic flux density of sample coils is calculated by using the derived equations. The results are compared with those obtained by the finite element method. Good agreement is observed. The derived equations are very useful for solving problems that involve the accurate calculation of the magnetic field distribution around a coil, the magnitude of forces on a coil, the current distribution in the conductors of a coil and the inductive properties of a coil.

Cost of refractory epilepsy in adults in the USA.

A cost of illness of refractory epilepsy was developed based on estimates supplied by an expert panel of physicians and a review of the current literature. The basic elements of model can be divided into two main components: direct and indirect costs. Direct costs include the medical resource utilization patterns associated with epilepsy care while the indirect costs represent lost productivity associated with the disease. The results of the analysis indicate that an estimated 24,578 incident cases of epilepsy incur a total of $318,582,669; while our prevalence estimates indicate that 335,167 individuals incur a total of $3,905,183,463, in a given year. Direct medical costs account for one-third of the total costs while indirect costs constitute the remaining two-thirds.

3D Surface Design on Professional Personal Computer

A wide range of machine parts have boundaries which can be described as translational surfaces. To illustrate their characteristics we use the following definition: a generator curve travels along a directrix curve to scrape the covering of the object. This way only two plane curves (directrix and generator) should be given to define the exact shape. The available 3D systems use volumetric modeling or sculptured (free-form) surfaces with all their advantages and disadvantages, namely the simple definition and restricted possibilities of the first, and the rather tedious definition of the second method.In our CAD/CAM system translational surfaces may be combined with basic volumetric modeling elements (plane, sphere, cone, cylinder) by means of set operations (union, intersection, difference).Having the appropriate technological data (type of milling, tool parameters, etc.) even an automatic tool-path generation of the rough-, final-and intermediate surfaces is supplied for a CNC milling machine. The parameters of technology and tolerences should be given as input by the operator. The resulting tool path may be zig-zag (for roughing) or contour following (for finishing).I he paper describes the mathematics, software modules ol the system and the design procedure with some examples to show what kind of industrial applications (dies, moulds, etc.) make it reasonable to have such a relatively cheap and powerful system for surface design.

Analysis and characterization of the depletion-mode IGFET

Using simple charge-voltage relationships, a four-terminal model is developed for the depletion-mode IGFET. Various conditions which can coexist at the surface, such as accumulation, depletion, and inversion, are taken into account. The implanted channel is approximated by a box profile. The basic model elements, namely, the source-drain transport current and the various charging currents, are explicitly given in terms of known processing data and implanted channel parameters. Device threshold voltage, drain saturation voltage, and conditions for surface inversion are explicitly given as a function of these parameters.