Basic Elements Of Model Research Articles

Enhancing Self-Awareness by Basic-Element Model

Cognitive ability plays an extremely important role in personal development. However, current methods for enhancing self-awareness suffer from issues such as one-sidedness, partiality, and low dimensionality. To better improve the capacity for self-awareness, the method of establishing basic-element model from the field of extenics is adopted. This approach enhances the systematic nature of self-awareness and inspires the direction of self-development through building models of objects, affair, relation, and conjugate analysising the aspects of physical, systematic, antithetic, and dynamic. Preliminary analysis of some case studies has verified the effectiveness of the basic-element model approach in enhancing self-awareness.

Basic-element Based Learning Method Integrate Fragmented Knowledge

In the era of big data, the fragmentation of knowledge poses significant challenges to learners, especially college students, who often struggle to integrate disparate pieces of information into a coherent knowledge system. To address this issue, this paper introduces a novel Basic-Element Learning Method (BELM), which is deeply rooted in the theoretical framework of Extenics, to address the integration of fragmented knowledge. The BELM utilizes basic-element models to represent knowledge, and through the application of extensible analysis and conjugate analysis, it effectively integrates fragmented knowledge. The basic-element learning method represents knowledge using basic-element models and then employs extensible analysis and conjugate analysis to achieve knowledge integration. This study applies the basic-element learning method to the knowledge learned by college students and demonstrates its effectiveness. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the BELM in improving students’ ability to synthesize information and build robust knowledge frameworks. This study not only contributes to the field of educational technology but also provides valuable insights for educators and learners alike in the face of the ever-increasing complexity of knowledge in the modern world.

Critical infrastructure network modelling for flood risk analyses: Approach and proof of concept in Accra, Ghana

AbstractIn flood risk analysis, it is state‐of‐the‐art to determine the direct consequences of flooding for assets and people. Flooding also disrupts critical infrastructure (CI) networks, which are vital in modern society. Cascading effects in a CI network can exceed the hydrological catchment boundaries. The effects of directly impacted CI cascade to other infrastructures, which are thus indirectly affected by a flood. A robust modelling approach of CI networks is a basis for including these effects in flood risk analysis. One challenge is to balance the simplicity of the modelling approach, the reproduction of a CI network's complexity and the decisions made based on potential model outputs. In this article, a topology‐based modelling approach of CI networks for catchment‐wide flood risk analyses is proposed. The basic model elements are points, connectors and polygons, which are utilised to represent a multisectoral and layered CI network. The newly defined approach is implemented as CI network module to the state‐of‐the‐art flood risk analysis framework ProMaIDes. It analyses the CI's direct and cascading impacts as well as the indirect disruption of CI services triggered by flooding scenarios. It quantifies the consequences by determining the number of disrupted CI users or the disruption time. A proof of concept in Accra, Ghana demonstrates the method's capabilities.

A Rule-Based Coordination Method of Conductive Contradictions for Product Function Innovation

To coordinate the conductive contradiction for product function innovation, a conduction rule-based coordination method is proposed. The multi-layer network of function-effect-structure basic-element model of design elements is established to make the conduction features clear on the intra- and inter-layer(s), and then, the rules of the conduction between these elements on intra-layer and among the inter layers are established. Finally, the coordination strategy for conductive contradictions is proposed accordingly. In the end of the paper, a cutting table is taken as a case to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the method.

Corrosion Damage Behavior of X65/Incoloy 825 Welded Bimetallic Composite Pipe in H2S Environment

For the long-term service of X65/Incoloy 825 bimetallic composite pipe girth welds in the H2S environment, the corrosion damage behavior was investigated. Characterizations of welded joints were conducted by OM, SEM, XRD, and EDS. The pitting corrosion’s 3D surface morphology of welded joints in NACE-B solution saturated with H2S was investigated. The results show that composition segregation occurs in the welding process, and the Laves phase appears between dendrites, which lead to the decrease in corrosion resistance. The maximum depth of the corrosion pit is 2.46 μm after 30 days, 4.54 μm after 60 days, and 10.94 μm after 180 days. The cell automata (CA) model of corrosion damage was established based on the MATLAB program, and the basic elements of the cell automata model were determined. Through the simulation of the electrochemical reaction and diffusion process, the influence of different parameters of the pitting corrosion morphology was determined. The simulation results were compared with experimental data, which are available for the prediction of the morphology and size of the corrosion pits on the sample surface after 300 days. The results will be beneficial for the long-term service of the bimetallic composite pipe.

An Extenics-Based Scheduled Configuration Methodology for Low-Carbon Product Design in Consideration of Contradictory Problem Solving

Low-carbon product design involves a redesign process that requires not only structural module modification, but more importantly, generating innovative principles to solve design contradictions. Such contradictions include when current design conditions cannot satisfy design requirements or there are antithetical design goals. On the other hand, configuration tasks in the reconfiguration process are interdependent, which requires a well-scheduled arrangement to reduce feedback information. This study proposes an effective configuration methodology for low-carbon design. Firstly, configuration tasks and configuration parameters are designated through quality characteristics, and the directed network along with the associated values of configuration tasks are transformed into the design structure matrix to construct the information flow diagram. Then, the Extenics-based problem-solving model is presented to address design contradictions: low-carbon incompatibility and antithetical problems are clarified and formulated with a basic-element model; extensible and conjugate analysis tools are used to identify problematic structures and provide feasible measures; the Gantt chart of measures execution based on the information flow diagram is constructed to reduce feedback and generate robust schemes with strategy models. The methodology is applied to the vacuum pump low-carbon design, the results show that it effectively solves contradictions with innovative design schemes, and comparative analysis verifies the performance of Extenics.

Microstructural Model of the Surface Layer of Ceramics After Diamond Grinding Taking into Account Its Real Structure and the Conditions of Contact Interaction with Elastic Body

On the basis of systematization of the results of investigation of the process of diamond grinding of Al2O3, TiC, Si3N4 –TiC, Y–TZP, and SiSiC ceramic specimens, we managed to identify some general and specific features in the structures of their surface layers. These features are used to make an adequate choice of the basic elements of microstructural model and to make some assumptions. The developed model presented in the form of a structure takes into account the real structure of the surface layer and the conditions of contact with elastic body.

Extension Intelligence for Process Manufacturing

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is supporting much innovation in intelligent manufacturing in the ubiquitous network information environment, while there are still many problems such as production quality vs costs to produce, and new intelligent theory and method is needed. Based on Extenics, we put forward the concept of Extension Intelligence and analyse the characteristics of extension intelligence, then present its implementation path and steps for the application. Multi-dimensional information and knowledge will be extended from the industrial big data of manufacturing system and the Internet to build the basic-element model in order to deal with engineering problems by extension and transformation algorithms. The application proves the validity of Extension Intelligence.

Exploring the profit model of servitising manufacturers: a resource-based perspective

Servitisation is a kind of business model innovation, and the profit model of servitisation is the core elements of this innovation. In this paper, a comparative case study of two servitising manufacturers was carried out through analysing and cross-comparing different types of servitisation profit models for different product-service offerings within both firms. We classify servitisation profit models into four categories, and then delineating basic profit model elements and finally exploring the relationships between these elements and a firm's resources, capabilities and product-service offerings. The conclusions are that, the effective integration of resources is the prerequisite to foster key capabilities so to build relevant revenue streams, thus forming appropriate servitisation profit models. Understanding the basic logic between elements within the servitisation profit model and the relationship between resources, capabilities and business offerings is critical when the manufacturer is seeking successful transition towards servitisation.

Exploring the profit model of servitising manufacturers: a resource-based perspective

Servitisation is a kind of business model innovation, and the profit model of servitisation is the core elements of this innovation. In this paper, a comparative case study of two servitising manufacturers was carried out through analysing and cross-comparing different types of servitisation profit models for different product-service offerings within both firms. We classify servitisation profit models into four categories, and then delineating basic profit model elements and finally exploring the relationships between these elements and a firm's resources, capabilities and product-service offerings. The conclusions are that, the effective integration of resources is the prerequisite to foster key capabilities so to build relevant revenue streams, thus forming appropriate servitisation profit models. Understanding the basic logic between elements within the servitisation profit model and the relationship between resources, capabilities and business offerings is critical when the manufacturer is seeking successful transition towards servitisation.

The role of digital technologies in the management of production and technological processes in fruit growing (protection of fruit plantations and yield) on the example of the Krasnodar Region

The role of digital technologies in the management of production and technological processes in fruit growing on the example of the protection of fruit plantations and yield is revealed. On the example of the Krasnodar Region, basic elements of a process control model for protecting fruit planting from a specifi c disease or pest are proposed for the elaboration of digital technologies: a theoretical basis that reveals the organizational and functional structure of the control of protection processes; structural analysis of components of the protection process control model and optimization of the parameters of plant protection systems to ensure high biological and technological-economic effi ciency; design algorithm for the protection process management model, development of methods and cost optimization for protective measures according to the criteria of biological and environmental and economic effi ciency. The algorithm of the organizational structure of the management methodology, which is the basis for the development of digital technologies for managing production processes in commercial fruit growing is presented, the functional content of the stages of the algorithm is considered. An algorithm is proposed for the development of digital technology for process control, including: the formation of multifunctional databases and data banks, as well as an empirical database and geocoded data collection; diagnosis of diseases and pests; development of plant protection systems; selection of the optimal protection system; development of regulations for the use of chemical and biological agents; assessment of the biological and environmental and economic eff ectiveness of plant protection systems and yield; substantiation of the optimal parameters of the plant protection system and the yield. A predictive assessment of the eff ectiveness of the use of digital technologies in managing the protection of fruit plantations against diseases and pests is given: a comprehensive digitalization of the plantation protection processes, according to empirical data obtained through the use of individual digital technology elements in agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar Region, North Caucasian Federal Scientifi c Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making, data of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. This will allow reducing labor costs by collection, processing of information to justify the optimal solution on the application of system for protecting plantings and yield from pests and diseases, on average, 2 times as compared with traditional systems, comprehensive accounting of all factors that infl uence or determine the state of the system, 2 times higher labor productivity, cost savings on protective measures by 23 % on average, increased production effi ciency and the competitiveness of fruit products.

Identifying housing market expectation transformation: an agent-based housing market testbed

Price variation is complex in the market. Expectation transformation plays a key role in the variation process. Incomplete and imperfect information are involved in the process forming expectation transformation. This paper tries to identify expectation transformation under different exogenous conditions in a housing market through an agent-based simulation approach. Firstly, this paper constructs basic model elements according to empirical sense and theoretical findings. Secondly, this paper builds an intelligence-and-trading behaviour model of agents based on genetic programming (GP) approach. The agent-based housing market testbed (ABHMT) is constructed. To verify the model, this paper sets two groups of control experiments. Through the experiments, we reveal five new findings in the field. The control experiments show the effectiveness of ABHMT. The comparison of real-life history scenarios and the simulation results shows the validity of the model. With the help of ABHMT, it is possible to simulate reality-alike situations to assist more market analyses for a certain application case.

Identifying housing market expectation transformation: an agent-based housing market testbed

Price variation is complex in the market. Expectation transformation plays a key role in the variation process. Incomplete and imperfect information are involved in the process forming expectation transformation. This paper tries to identify expectation transformation under different exogenous conditions in a housing market through an agent-based simulation approach. Firstly, this paper constructs basic model elements according to empirical sense and theoretical findings. Secondly, this paper builds an intelligence-and-trading behaviour model of agents based on genetic programming (GP) approach. The agent-based housing market testbed (ABHMT) is constructed. To verify the model, this paper sets two groups of control experiments. Through the experiments, we reveal five new findings in the field. The control experiments show the effectiveness of ABHMT. The comparison of real-life history scenarios and the simulation results shows the validity of the model. With the help of ABHMT, it is possible to simulate reality-alike situations to assist more market analyses for a certain application case.

Multifactor correlation analysis and modeling for product low-carbon design

ABSTRACTLow-carbon design is a process of contradiction coordination, which involves multiple factors and necessitates abundant design knowledge and rules. We proposed the method that integrated the case-based reasoning (CBR) method and extension theory to achieve low-carbon design for products. In this paper, our work is on analyzing the design constraints, and constructing the parameters modeling for representation of product cases. Firstly, we discussed the correlation among factors, and mapped the requirement onto the detailed physical structure. Secondly, we integrated the improved activity-based costing and carbon method and the indirect calculation method to estimate the carbon footprint and cost of each phase in product life cycle. We adopted the basic-element model to represent the product cases and used the dependent function to discriminate the extent of compliance with the requirement. In final, the applicability of proposed method was demonstrated through a case study of a screw air compressor.

Dynamic Analysis of Fouling Buildup in Heat Exchangers Designed According to TEMA Standards

The prediction of important control properties is a challenging task for shell and tube heat exchangers design. Dynamic models, which include fouling effects, are still poorly investigated in the recent literature. To study the behavior of variable conditions over time and its influence on the dynamic aspects of the system, a design approach based on TEMA standards has been proposed, aiming to analyze the process in a more realistic equipment. To study the behavior of time-varying conditions and its influence in the system dynamics, the model considered in this work is based on the idea of heat exchanger cells as the basic modeling element. This kind of approach has some advantages over the distributed model, such as continuous variables in time and discrete in space, leading to ordinary differential equations (ODE) and also providing the possibility of controlling the model complexity by adjusting the number of modeling cells. The ratio between output and input signals in each cell generates eight operat...

РАЗРАБОТКА ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ МОДЕЛИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПРОЕКТОМ СОЗДАНИЯ ПЛАЗМОХИМИЧЕСКИХ УСТРОЙСТВ ДЛЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ УСТАНОВОК

The basic elements of the project management model for the creation of plasma-chemical elements for power plants have been developed. It is shown that the main features of science-intensive projects for the development of energy systems using plasma-chemical elements are: significant complexity of organizational production systems; significant uncertainty of project states and a high probability of risks arising from the influence of factors that cannot be envisaged in the management process; the uniqueness and high cost of the industrial and intellectual resources involved, as well as the problems of cooperation in the context of International projects. A process model for forming the Statute of the project for creation of plasma-chemical devices for power plants was developed to establish information relationships between control processes of one and the different levels, performance indicators, control over their implementation, as well as visualization of processes in the form of detailed subprocesses. The identification of the main risks of project management for the creation of plasma-chemical elements for environmentally friendly power plants in accordance with the life cycle phases has been identified. The risk indicators of projects at macro level, market and project levels have been developed; interconnections and hierarchies between different factors have been established. In order to substantiate the selection of the most significant criteria, a hierarchy analysis method was used, which determined the importance of the criteria for the project team for the creation of a plasma-chemical elements. It has been determined that the own vectors of the criteria are: strategic 39.1%, financial and economic 31%, environmental 16.3%, functional and technological 10.1%, others 3.6%. The developed model takes into account the specific conditions of operation of plasma installations and enables to determine the local and global probabilities of their occurrence at the initiation stage of the project, and also to develop arrangements to minimize their impact on the indicators of the project effectiveness

MDDA: A Model-Driven Avionics Data Architecture

Large-scale complex avionics software system which is developed by different team together may exist message semantic ambiguity, lack of information and other issues during the system integration. This paper analyzes the key architecture attributes of avionics software system architecture, i.e. portability and interoperability, and proposes a Model-Driven Avionics Data Architecture (MDDA) based on the standardized software component interoperation message transmission interface. MDDA models the message transformed between avionics software components through the standardization of message transmission interface in the platform-independent ontology semantics level, measurement semantics level and platform-related message data type level respectively. OCL is used to constrain and verify the data model, and codes of platform-related message data type model are generated to ensure that the data used in interoperate is semantically and grammatically consistent. In order to realize the reuse of the basic model elements in the ontology and measurement semantic model, this paper further puts forward the management mechanism of these basic model elements. According to MDDA this paper designs and implements a distributed MDDA environment system (MDDAES), which is based on cloud infrastructure and aimed multi-team coordination, including four tools. Finally, requirements of practical avionics project are extracted and a verification case is developed. The verification shows that MDDAES is feasible and effective.

ЗМІСТ ПОНЯТЬ «ВІЗУАЛЬНА ГРАМОТНІСТЬ» І «ВІЗУАЛЬНА КУЛЬТУРА»

The purpose of the article – identify the nature of some of visual studies – «visual culture» and «visual literacy». The study used the method of interpretation, which helped to clarify the nature of the objects, which are present equally spiritual and physical, and artistic forms of objectivity. Scientific novelty – the essence of visual culture and visual literacy as new facilities socio-humanitarian knowledge. Results and conclusions – emphasized the content blur the concepts of «visual literacy», «visual culture», «Visual competence», «information competence», «medialiteracy», «mediaculture», «mediacompetence». An processes visual literacy: the study of the psychological processes that are involved in the process of visual perception; using technologies of visual communications; study of intelligent methods that allow you to interpret and understand visual information (by Y. O. Averkin). An basic elements of visual model of competence (by L. G. Masimov). Emphasized that understanding the phenomenon of visuality can improve handling technical visual culture, which has become an integral part of science, social life, mass entertainment and visual literacy, which is due to the necessity of forming social order of society formulated in the form of provision of information and the need communicative competence. It is noted that cultural studies of this problem involves an appeal to the historical and cultural aspects of matters of existence of visual culture and the formation of visual literacy, consideration of such categories as social and cultural phenomena and comprehensive study of the history and theory of media, visual arts, visual design and other areas, floor ‘ related to the production and consumption of visual contents.

Improved automatic English proficiency rating of unconstrained speech with multiple corpora

The performance of machine learning classifiers in automatically scoring the English proficiency of unconstrained speech has been explored. Suprasegmental measures were computed by software, which identifies the basic elements of Brazil's model in human discourse. This paper explores machine learning training with multiple corpora to improve two of those algorithms: prominent syllable detection and tone choice classification. The results show that machine learning training with the Boston University Radio News Corpus can improve automatic English proficiency scoring of unconstrained speech from a Pearson's correlation of 0.677---0.718. This correlation is higher than any other existing computer programs for automatically scoring the proficiency of unconstrained speech and is approaching that of human raters in terms of inter-rater reliability.

Methods to model and simulate super carbon nanotubes of higher order

SummarySuper carbon nanotubes (SCNTs) are of interest in material design because of their strength and weight characteristics. In this paper, we present a graph algebra‐based approach to model and construct SCNTs of arbitrary order. The SCNTs are represented by directed graphs with Y junctions as basic modeling element. A new data structure to store these graphs is proposed that capitalizes on the hierarchy within SCNTs and allows efficient queries for nodes and edges. Symmetry considerations for SCNTs are conducted and related to the graph algebra‐based modeling. We present an extended and improved algorithm for simulating the mechanical behavior of SCNTs. Compared with our previous work on level 0 SCNTs, the performance is improved by a factor higher than 2 when running in serial and a factor up to 4.4 when running in parallel on a 16‐core symmetric multiprocessing system. A new pre‐processing step exploiting structural symmetry and an improved proximity‐aware matrix‐vector‐multiplication routine make this performance improvement possible while only consuming little additional memory. We also now consider SCNTs of order 1 and 2. Experimental results show that our new solver is up to 1.4 times faster than a compressed‐row‐storage based reference solver, on order 0, 1, and 2 SCNTs, with and without deformations, while requiring only half the memory. Because memory is the limiting factor for the feasibility of such simulations, our new approach significantly expands the realm of feasibility for such simulations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.