Basic Mathematical Concepts Research Articles

Pre-service Mathematics Teachers’ Conceptual Knowledge Related To Basic Concepts And Operations

The aim of this study is to discuss the conceptual dimensions of pre-service mathematics teachers' approaches to the basic concepts and operations of mathematics. 25 pre-service mathematics teachers in the first semester of the 2022-2023 academic year, who were educated at a state university, participated in the research. Four open-ended questions about the basic concepts of mathematics were asked to pre-service mathematics teachers and their written opinions were received. Content and descriptive analysis were applied to the responses. As a result of the analyzes, pre-service teachers did not approach these questions in the context of conceptual knowledge, but generally gave the answers in the context of procedural knowledge. Pre-service mathematics teachers used reflective thinking, which they used to compare the procedural knowledge processes they gained in the formal education process with the previous solutions, in these question solutions as well.

Research on Application of Mathematical Modeling Based on Matrix Theory

As a simple tool for understanding complex things, matrix has been widely used in various disciplines and mathematical modeling. The development of any discipline is closely related to quantitative analysis and research, and mathematics plays a vital role in quantitative research. Matrix is one of the most basic mathematical concepts, and it is also a simple thinking tool for people to grasp the essence of complex practical things. Matrix is widely used in mathematical modeling. In the process of mathematical modeling, we often encounter some mathematical models that can be handled by graphs and adjacency matrices of graphs. Using adjacency matrix to represent graphs is simple and intuitive, and adjacency matrix can represent some practical information of graphs. In this paper, the application of adjacency matrix in mathematical modeling is analyzed and studied, and on this basis, the application of matrix in mathematical modeling is further studied and popularized.

Eksplorasi Etnomatematika Pada Alat Musik Pantun Bambu Cilegon

Ethnomathematics is an activity carried out by cultural groups without realizing that there are basic mathematical concepts in their application. Ethnomathematics as a study of mathematics with cultural nuances will contribute to the field of education. This study aims to explore the mathematical concept of the musical instrument Pantun Bambu Cilegon City. This study uses descriptive qualitative research with ethnographic method. This research was conducted at Sanggar Singpring, Link. Temugiring, Kel.Banjarnegara, Kec.Ciwandan, Cilegon City, Banten. The subjects in this study were Mr. Afandi, Mr. Iing, and Mr. Imadudin. Data were collected by conducting interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis uses data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that there are mathematical concepts in Pantun Bambu, namely plane geometry, solid geometry, and arithmetic sequences. The results of this study are expected to help in the field of education, especially mathematics in understanding mathematical concepts because it is associated with the cultural life around it. Keywords: Exploration, Ethnomathematics, Pantun Bambu

Implementation research as a task for subject-matter education disciplines: Co-constructive, content-related, and research-based

Abstract Content-related didactical innovations are often developed in research-based and co-constructive ways by subject-matter education specialists, design researchers, and teachers. For scaling-up the flexible and co-constructive implementation of these innovations in many classrooms, the German Center for Mathematics Teacher Education follows material, personnel, and systemic implementation strategies on three levels: the classroom level, the teacher professional development level (PD) and the facilitator professional development level. The paper exemplifies these strategies using a case involving the implementation of the Mastering Math program, which was designed to develop students’ understanding of basic mathematical concepts. The case is used to illustrate three basic principles for implementations into subject-matter classrooms: (1) Co-constructive implementation requires research-practice partnerships on several levels, (2) targeted implementation requires content-related innovations, and (3) a research base is required for enhancing both the pedagogical quality and the content quality of the teacher and facilitator PD.

Supsim: a Python package and a web-based JavaScript tool to address the theoretical complexities in two-predictor suppression situations

Abstract Two-predictor suppression situations continue to produce uninterpretable conditions in linear regression. In an attempt to address the theoretical complexities related to suppression situations, the current study introduces two different versions of a software called suppression simulator (Supsim): a) the command-line Python package, and b) the web-based JavaScript tool, both of which are able to simulate numerous random two-predictor models (RTMs). RTMs are randomly generated, normally distributed data vectors x1 , x2 , and y simulated in such a way that regressing y on both x1 and x2 results in the occurrence of numerous suppression and non-suppression situations. The web-based Supsim requires no coding skills and additionally, it provides users with 3D scatterplots of the simulated RTMs. This study shows that comparing 3D scatterplots of different suppression and non-suppression situations provides important new insights into the underlying mechanisms of two-predictor suppression situations. An important focus is on the comparison of 3D scatterplots of certain enhancement situations called Hamilton’s extreme example with those of redundancy situations. Such a comparison suggests that the basic mathematical concepts of two-predictor suppression situations need to be reconsidered with regard to the important issue of the statistical control function.

Matrix Concept Understanding Ability: A Quantitative Descriptive Study on Grade XI Vocational High School Students

Understanding and completing a basic mathematical concept is often faced by students. This problem is fundamental to mathematical ability. This ability is part of the competency to understand mathematical concepts. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the students' ability to understand matrix concepts. This study is a quantitative descriptive, be held on grade XI students from Multi Media I of a vocational high school at Kefamenanu. The number of participants in this study was 26 students. The instrument used is a test of the ability to understand the concept of the matrix and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the ability to understand the matrix concept of grade XI Multi Media I students is in the medium category with a percentage of 56.6%, with details of 7 students in the high category, 13 students in the medium category, and 6 students in the low category. There are 96% of students can restate a concept, 46% of students can classify objects according to the concept, 57% of students can give examples and non-examples of concepts, 61% of students can present concepts in various forms of mathematical representation, and 23% of students can use, utilize and select settlement procedures.

Basic Concepts and Values of Mathematics in Bengkulu Traditional Musical Instruments as Media and Resources for Learning Mathematics

This study aims to determine the basic concepts and values of mathematics contained in traditional Bengkulu musical instruments in elementary schools. The urgency of this research is to use regional culture in learning mathematics theoretically and practically as a medium and source of learning mathematics through learning outside the classroom to achieve the objectives of learning mathematics in elementary schools. This research method is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. Data sources are in the form of traditional Bengkulu musical instruments, namely dhol, tassa, long drums, and serunai. Other data sources are documents and interviews with experts and practitioners of Bengkulu traditional musical instruments. The data were analyzed qualitatively with the method of content analysis. The result of this study shows that the basic mathematical concepts in Bengkulu traditional musical instruments are points, lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, kites, circles, tubes, half balls, cut balls, cut cones, universes, and patterns. At the same time, the mathematical values contained in traditional Bengkulu musical instruments are obeying the rules, consistency, creativity, and cooperation. Therefore, as an alternative to effective learning in elementary schools, Bengkulu traditional musical instruments can be used as a medium and source of learning mathematics outside the classroom.

PELATIHAN APLIKASI SOFTWARE GEOGEBRA DI SMP DAN SMK YAMAS DI JAKARTA

The use of information technology in the learning process can help visualize abstract concepts and be able to involve students' active roles in the learning process. The use of instructional media in the classroom is also an important component of the learning process in constructing basic mathematical concepts. The importance of using information technology in the learning process also has a positive impact on student motivation and learning outcomes. One form of application is the use of learning media using GeoGebra software. Through this Community Service (PKM) activity, the PKM team helps partners by providing training on the use of GeoGebra software.
 This training aims to make mathematics teachers more skilled in utilizing media in learning. This PKM activity was carried out in a demonstration, namely the PKM team first gave a seminar on GeoGebra software, then continued by providing training using GeoGebra software. With this, it is hoped that teachers can use GeoGebra software in the learning process.

Mathematics teachers’ knowledge of indigenous games in teaching mathematics

We explored junior high school teachers' knowledge and the impact of indigenous games in teaching basic mathematical concepts. The researchers employed the qualitative phenomenological design to address the purpose, objectives and research questions. The accessible sampling was used to sample 70 teachers (65 males, 5 females) for phase one of the study. Out of 70 teachers, five (three males and two females) were purposively sampled for the study's second phase. Two instruments, a semi-structured interview guide and an observation checklist were used to collect data. The data was analyzed thematically to reflect the research questions. The findings of both phases revealed that most teachers had adequate knowledge of indigenous games and knew the impact of indigenous games on students’ learning of mathematics. In particular, the observation checklist showed that some teachers still adhered to the traditional approach (a direct teaching method) and required the knowledge of indigenous games to enhance their teaching skills and techniques. Therefore, in-service training, workshops and other continuous professional development should be organized to update teachers' knowledge on the effective use of indigenous games in the teaching and learning of mathematics.

PKM. SMP DWIJENDRA BUALU DALAM PELATIHAN MEMBUAT ALAT PERAGA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA

Mathematics is one of the subjects that children do not like. However, there are still many teachers who have not maximally sought efforts so that such a situation can be reduced or even changed. In the learning process, the teacher should assist students in understanding abstract mathematical objects through observation and the help of learning media in the form of teaching aids. The purpose of this PKM activity is to help teachers make teaching aids that can be used as learning media in learning mathematics. This training activity was held at SMP Dwijendra Bualu for two days, on February 4 and 5, 2022. Steps for implementing the training: planning, conducting workshops, training in making teaching aids, mentoring the practice of using teaching aids, evaluation and reflection. The targets and outcomes are in accordance with the training objectives that have an impact on: (1) teachers are more skilled and creative in making teaching aids and finding creative ways to explain mathematical concepts, (2) learning that is more varied and interesting which ultimately makes it easier for students understand the basic concepts of mathematics

Ethnomahematics Exploration in the Traditional Game of Sipak Rago

Education and culture cannot be separated in daily life. Ethnomathematics exists to bridge the gap between culture and education, especially in mathematics. Humans are unaware of activities that use basic mathematical concepts and ideas like counting, measuring (length, area, volume, and weight), number construction, games, and buying-selling activities. This study examines and analyzes the Minangkabau traditional games in the scope of geometry. This research is exploratory research with an ethnographic approach. The subjects of this study were 6 players of the Sipak Rago game. The data was collected through observation, documentation, and interview to find mathematical concepts in the Sipak Rago game. Based on the research, there are mathematical concepts in the Sipak Rago game like the concept of circle elements, circle circumference formula, circle area formula, and angle on a circle.

LANGUAGE INDEPENDENT SOFTWARE CODE REPOSITORY

The article considers the construction of a language-independent repository of program code, which is based on a new model of program code representation based on a multigraph with tokens of the subject area. The main analogues of the system and the models on which they are based are considered: finite state machines, Petri nets, P-schemes. A comparative analysis of similar solutions is given. During the analysis, three main indicators were used: the ability to model the implementation of the program step by step (“white box”), the ability to build an interface in natural language, isomorphism of basic mathematical concepts. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that it is necessary to develop a new model of program code based on multigraph, which will represent the functioning of the program as a “white box”, be able to build an interface in natural language and be a completely isomorphic basic mathematical concept. The model of representation of the processed data for such model – the token of subject area is developed. It includes information about the attribute name, its type, and the current value. The model code based on the multigraph is multilayered. Each layer reproduces some program code procedure. Each layer contains a representation of the algorithm of the procedure. Representation of the basic algorithmic constructions is developed: compositions of two operators, alternatives and a cycle with postcondition and precondition on the basis of the developed multigraph model. Data processing is modeled as the movement of one subject area token by a synthesized multigraph. The repository architecture based on the new subject area model is synthesized

Efektivitas Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Komik Berbasis Kodular untuk Kemampuan Pemahaman Literasi Matematika Siswa SDS Edustar

Students do not understand the basic concepts of mathematics. Even understanding mathematics lessons in class is still difficult, let alone solving mathematical literacy problems. This is due to the lack of learning media facilities that support mathematics literacy learning. So that due to a lack of understanding of the concepts of mathematics, and considers mathematics lessons are boring lessons. Therefore, it is necessary to develop flexible teaching materials that can be used in any situation to support students' understanding of mathematical literacy. Thus, the researcher developed a codular-based comic learning media for students' mathematical literacy comprehension skills. This study aimed to see the effectiveness of the codular-based comics learning media for the ability to understand mathematical literacy of elementary school students Edustar. This research was conducted at SDS Edustar Batam with research subjects in grades 4, 5, and 6. The data collection of this study used the results of the post-test of students on students' mathematical literacy of 62.01%. So it can be concluded that the codular-based comics learning media is effectively used as a medium for learning students' mathematical literacy.

Information and Communication Technologies in Physics Lessons

The organization of physics education based on information and communication technologies helps to create conditions for the effective manifestation of patterns of thinking, to excite the cognitive process. The factor that allows this to be done is the visualization of basic mathematical and physical concepts, processes and phenomena using a computer.

The Role of `CLIL Integrated Mental Math Enhancement Technique’ in Mathematical Reasoning Abilities of Secondary School Children

This action research is anchored on exploring a teaching method that innovatively blends 'mental math enhancement techniques' with David Marsh's CLIL (Content and Language Integration in Learning) pedagogy. Both these stand as fundamental factors and profoundly influence the quality of mathematics learning. The decline in mathematical reasoning abilities of students has become a growing concern over the years. This research makes an effort towards addressing this by strengthening the basic mathematical concepts with the help of above method. The study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the program by determining if there is (a) a difference in pre- and post-test scores. (b) significant increase in student attitude towards mathematics, (any change in self-concept and attitude before and after the program) 116 students of Grade 6, 7, and 8, divided into groups through stratified sampling participated in the weekly arithmetic sessions, daily quiz activities, math communications/ number talks, and language integrated CLIL sessions. This `curriculum-integrated research’ employed experimental method using pre-test & post-test experimental group design. The results revealed that the CLIL integrated/ mental math enhancement technique significantly improved the mathematical reasoning abilities in a particular class. The attitudes towards the subject also proved to rely positively on mathematical performance and vice versa.

Review of Rain or Shine: An Introduction to Soil Physical Properties and Processes. Tyson Ochsner. Published by Oklahoma State University Libraries under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Version 6. Last updated 19 Jan. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z4RBT

Review of <i>Rain or Shine: An Introduction to Soil Physical Properties and Processes</i>. Tyson Ochsner. Published by Oklahoma State University Libraries under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Version 6. Last updated 19 Jan. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z4RBT

EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA ISTANA MAIMUN DI SUMATERA UTARA

Humans were not aware of various operations using basic mathematical concepts and ideas. For example, counting activities by referring to a number, weighing operations (duty, area, capacity and load), art, business activities (counting currencies, profit and loss, etc.) ) and building architecture (traditional housing). The aim of this study is to study and analyze the ethnographic findings from Maimun Palace, North Sumatra, to obtain background information on the development of ethnography for learning mathematics in the field of geometry. This type of research is exploratory research using an ethnographic approach. Based on the results of the research carried out, mathematical sections and blanks are used to carry out the manual operations of the Maimun Palace. No need to study theoretical math projects, they apply mathematical concepts in everyday life. There is evidence of ethnographic patterns expressed in various results of organized and advanced mathematical operations, including: 1) planning for the construction of Maimun Palace; and 2) the carving activity on the walls of Maimun Palace.

A Beacon in the Galaxy: Updated Arecibo Message for Potential FAST and SETI Projects

An updated, binary-coded message has been developed for transmission to extraterrestrial intelligences in the Milky Way galaxy. The proposed message includes basic mathematical and physical concepts to establish a universal means of communication followed by information on the biochemical composition of life on Earth, the Solar System’s time-stamped position in the Milky Way relative to known globular clusters, as well as digitized depictions of the Solar System, and Earth’s surface. The message concludes with digitized images of the human form, along with an invitation for any receiving intelligences to respond. Calculation of the optimal timing during a given calendar year is specified for potential future transmission from both the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope in China and the SETI Institute’s Allen Telescope Array in northern California to a selected region of the Milky Way which has been proposed as the most likely location for life to have developed. These powerful new beacons, the successors to the Arecibo radio telescope which transmitted the 1974 message upon which this expanded communication is in part based, can carry forward Arecibo’s legacy into the 21st century with this equally well-constructed communication from Earth’s technological civilization.

Combine Statistical Thinking With Open Scientific Practice: A Protocol of a Bayesian Research Project

Current developments in the statistics community suggest that modern statistics education should be structured holistically, that is, by allowing students to work with real data and to answer concrete statistical questions, but also by educating them about alternative frameworks, such as Bayesian inference. In this article, we describe how we incorporated such a holistic structure in a Bayesian research project on ordered binomial probabilities. The project was conducted with a group of three undergraduate psychology students who had basic knowledge of Bayesian statistics and programming, but lacked formal mathematical training. The research project aimed to (1) convey the basic mathematical concepts of Bayesian inference; (2) have students experience the entire empirical cycle including collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and (3) teach students open science practices.

The efficiency of multimedia technologies utilized in studying Mathematics course in the fields of Engineering

The learning model represented in the paper implies the use of specifically designed workbooks and dynamic presentations, original (self-developed) interactive computer games and training systems, LearningApps.org web service, mobile applications in Glide, Kahoot! in-game learning platform, Desmos graphing calculator and the Maple computer algebra system in learning. The applied educational tools give students an opportunity not only to get to know basic mathematical concepts, work out and test their computation skills individually but also to model processes that change over time, changing the process variables interactively. The article provides several examples of such assignments for students. In this model of arranging to learn, an educator is becoming free from a lot of routine work (manual check of tasks and tests). The educational experiment took place in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 academic years. 167 Engineering students from Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, and Osh State University participated in it. The conducted experiment proved the effectiveness of the learning model suggested: competent academic performance of students has increased by 15%. Therefore, supported multimedia technologies, involving most of the sensory experience of a student in understanding learning materials, make learning more productive.