Basal Part Of Epithelium Research Articles

The study of microanatomy of intestinal epithelium in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

The microanatomy of the intestinal epithelium in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle (CST) was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The small intestinal epithelium (SIE) was single layered or pseudostratified. The enterocytes contained mitochondria or mitochondria and lipid droplets. The enterocytes were arranged tightly in the apical parts of epithelium and connected by desmosomes and interdigitations. The large intestinal epithelium (LIE) was pseudostratified and the enterocytes did not contain lipid droplets. Enterocytes were arranged compactly in the apical part, forming spaces in the middle and basal parts of epithelium. Numerous mucous cells were scattered in the epithelium and there were intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) with their pseudopodia extended into the intestinal lumen. This study provides detailed features of intestinal epithelium in the Pelodiscus sinensis that could be related to function. In addition, these findings are discussed in relation to other vertebrates.

P86. Identification of urothelial stem cells for tissue engineering

Introduction Stem cells (SCs) are able to self-renew and to differentiate into various cell types. During life, SCs are involved in organogenesis, but also in maintenance and repair of adult tissue. In reconstructive medicine, the availability of transferable tissue often is limited. For reconstructive tissue engineering, the combination of SCs with biomatrices may be a viable alternative approach. Urothelium, a layer of epithelial cells lining the bladder wall, is composed of basal, intermediate, and superficial cells. It has been hypothesized that the SCs are located in the basal cell layer. Since isolating urothelial SCs to combine with biomatrices may generate a basic construct for bladder tissue engineering, the identification and selection of urothelial SCs are crucial issues that need to be investigated. The aim of this study is to identify SCs from urothelium by identifying slow-cycling BrdU-retaining cells together with candidate SCs markers. Method: Tissue from newborn (5 days postnatal), pubertal (1 month), and adult (6 months) mice harvested from BrdU pulsed pregnant mice was examined by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, harvested tissue was examined for cells with a potential SC phenotype, including Cytokeratin 7 (CK7), Cytokeratin 14 (CK14), Cytokeratin 20 (CK20), and β-catenin. Result: The potential SCs in bladder were identified by the BrdU-retained cell population in 1 month old mice of ~8% and 6-month-old mice of ~1%. Most of BrdU retained cells were localized in basal part of epithelium as detected by co-localization of BrdU with CK 7, the latter staining all basal cells. CK14 was differentially expressed in newborn and adult mice, with only rare cells in the adult basal cell layer. In a minority population of BrdU (less than 0.1%) retained cells in 6-month-old mice were located in the umbrella cells (CK 20 positive). β-catenin showed ubiquitous staining of basal urothelium. Conclusion BrdU retained cells were reduced over time in adult life, suggesting a SC pool in the adult bladder. The markers being used showed differential localization and cell lineage of BrdU retained cells, where the basal cell layer contained the lion share of BrdU retained cells. Identification of membrane markers in the BrdU pool may enable cell sorting and isolation of bladder SCs. Ultimately isolated cells can then be expanded and cultured on biomatrices to generate a basic construct for bladder tissue engineering, and to repair and restore bladder function.

Localization of NO-Ergic Structures in Oral Lobes, Labia, and Esophagus of the Bivalve Mollusc Crenomytilus grayanus

Localization of NO-ergic elements in oral lobes, labia, and esophagus in the bivalve mollusc, mussel Crenomytilus grayanus was studied using histochemical technique [1] for detection of NADPH-diaphorase (EC 1.6.99.1). The NO-producing elements were revealed in all studied parts of the digestive system. NADPH-diaphorase was found in nerve and secretory cells as well as in nerve plexuses. Numerous NO-ergic nerve cells were observed in the basal part of epithelium of labia and of the initial part of esophagus as well as in the subepithelial area of these organs. In the middle and posterior parts of esophagus, only subepithelially located NO-ergic nerve cell are present. Basiepithelial NO-producing secretory cells are found in all the parts, but most of these cells are observed in labia and the initial part of esophagus. Subepithelial secretory cells labeled with diformazan granules are spread from the folded surface of oral lobes to the initial part of esophagus; no such cells were found on the smooth surface of the lobes. The deposit labeled basi- and subepithelial nerve plexuses in all studied organs except for oral lobes. These plexuses are the most developed in labia and the initial part of esophagus of the studied mollusc.