Barcode System Research Articles

Healthcare failure mode and effect analysis in the chemotherapy preparation process.

To conduct a Health Care Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (HFMEA) of the chemotherapy preparation process to identify the steps with the potential to cause errors, and to develop further strategies to improve the process and thus minimize the risk of errors. An HFMEA was conducted to identify and reduce preparation errors during the chemotherapy preparation process. A multidisciplinary team mapped the preparation process, formally identified all the steps, and then conducted a brainstorming session to determine potential failure modes and their potential effects. A severity and probability score for each failure mode, a hazard score (HS) and a total HS were calculated. A hazard analysis was conducted for each HS equal to or more than 8. Finally, an action plan was identified for each failure mode. After the action plan was implemented, failure modes were revaluated and a new HS score was calculated as well as the percentage decrease in risk. The team identified five main steps in the chemotherapy preparation process and nine potential failure modes. After implementing the control measures, all the HSs decreased. The total HS associated with the chemotherapy preparation process decreased from 54 to 26 (-52%). This reduction in the total HS was mainly achieved by updating the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and implementing bar code and gravimetric control system. The application of HFMEA to the chemotherapy preparation process in centralized chemotherapy units can be very useful in identifying actions aimed at reducing errors in the healthcare setting.

Hybridization-based in situ sequencing (HybISS) for spatially resolved transcriptomics in human and mouse brain tissue.

Visualization of the transcriptome in situ has proven to be a valuable tool in exploring single-cell RNA-sequencing data, providing an additional spatial dimension to investigate multiplexed gene expression, cell types, disease architecture or even data driven discoveries. In situ sequencing (ISS) method based on padlock probes and rolling circle amplification has been used to spatially resolve gene transcripts in tissue sections of various origins. Here, we describe the next iteration of ISS, HybISS, hybridization-based in situ sequencing. Modifications in probe design allows for a new barcoding system via sequence-by-hybridization chemistry for improved spatial detection of RNA transcripts. Due to the amplification of probes, amplicons can be visualized with standard epifluorescence microscopes for high-throughput efficiency and the new sequencing chemistry removes limitations bound by sequence-by-ligation chemistry of ISS. HybISS design allows for increased flexibility and multiplexing, increased signal-to-noise, all without compromising throughput efficiency of imaging large fields of view. Moreover, the current protocol is demonstrated to work on human brain tissue samples, a source that has proven to be difficult to work with image-based spatial analysis techniques. Overall, HybISS technology works as a targeted amplification detection method for improved spatial transcriptomic visualization, and importantly, with an ease of implementation.

Genome-wide SNP discovery and core marker sets for DNA barcoding and variety identification in commercial tomato cultivars

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been widely used as a molecular marker in crop species with advances in next-generation sequencing technology. The use of SNP markers for variety identification is a cost-effective strategy to protect breeder’s intellectual property rights. This study was conducted to identify genome-wide SNPs and develop core marker sets for assessing genetic variations in commercial tomato cultivars. A total of 10,615 confident SNPs was generated from genotyping by sequencing for 48 F1 cultivars representing four market classes (large-fruited fresh market, cherry, grape, and rootstock). Of these, 288 SNPs across 12 chromosomes were selected to genotype additional 94 F1 cultivars using the Fluidigm assay and 224 SNPs showed reliable polymorphisms in 91 F1 cultivars. Both model-based and hierarchical clustering analyses with these markers found that the large-fruited fresh market cultivars were significantly distinct from the cherry and grape cultivars. In addition, the cherry and grape cultivars showed higher levels of genetic diversity relative to the large-fruited fresh market cultivars. The 224 SNP markers were also effective in differentiating all 139 F1 cultivars and Heinz 1706 (an inbred for the tomato reference genome). Of the five subsets, the 192 and 96 markers identified all of these tomato cultivars, respectively. Furthermore, the other three subsets of 48, 24, and 12 markers showed 80.0–93.6 % of identification rates. These results demonstrate that all five subsets of SNP markers will be useful in developing a high-throughput DNA barcoding system for variety identification in commercial tomato cultivars.

The effectiveness of the e-money incentive mechanism in promoting separation of recyclables at source in Malaysia

A new concept of a reward system by two e-money-incentive systems aimed at improving separation at source toward reducing residual waste generation and increasing recyclable collection was introduced in Malaysia by “Environment Idaman Sdn. Bhd.” The two systems were “Recycle for Life” (RFL) and “Barcode.” In this study, the effectiveness of the two new systems was measured and compared with other world practices to improve recyclables collection. The effectiveness of the “Barcode” system was significant in reducing 3.4% residual waste generation compared with the RFL system (0.08%) because the Barcode system allowed residents who separate their recyclables at source, to be rewarded by e-money without the need for them to bring their recyclables to the designated points. Based on a comparative study with world practices elsewhere, Malaysia also needs to develop sufficient collection and recycling systems to introduce a “negative incentive system,” to enhance recycling and reduce residual waste generation.

DNA-based engineering system for improving human and environmental health: Identification, detection, and treatment

Water pollution and the global spread of pathogens pose unexpected and considerable challenges to human and environmental health. Recent developments in DNA-based engineering systems show various real-world applications in ecosystem restoration, medical diagnostics, immune regulation, and drug delivery, providing new opportunities to address these challenges. DNA materials are essentially different from non-biological materials and act as a robust molecular building block with exceptional attributes; these attributes include its genetic function, biocompatibility, nanoscale controllability, programmability, and molecular recognition capability. Unlike traditional systems using separate strategies, the unique properties of DNA molecules enable their use as universal substrates to develop diverse engineering systems and offer a flexible solution concept to current challenges. Here, we outline principles and approaches for the use of three DNA-based engineering subsystems—DNA tracers, DNA barcodes, and DNA hydrogels—in improving human and environmental health in the context of pollution identification, pathogen detection, and medical treatment, with some discussion of typical examples to highlight the focus of current research and envision potential development direction. We believe that this review will contribute to the rational design of DNA-based tracer, barcode and hydrogel system, and the successful integration of these subsystems that are intrinsically interconnected will further demonstrate their synergistic effects on environmental remediation and medical care.

Keys to the Kingdom: GPCR phosphorylation patterns direct β-arrestin.

The β-arrestin proteins are key regulators of G protein-coupled receptors, serving at least three distinct functions: inhibiting receptor signaling through G proteins, directing receptor trafficking from the cell surface after activation, and transmitting receptor-initiated signals directly. How the two β-arrestin proteins perform these many functions for hundreds of receptor types throughout the body, and specifically how β-arrestin-mediated signaling can be tuned to cellular conditions, remains an open question. Function-based evidence and recent structure-based evidence have suggested that patterns of receptor phosphorylation ("barcodes") may be a critical determinant of β-arrestin action. In this issue of EMBO Reports, Baidya and colleagues (Baidya etal, 2020a) report that specific receptor phosphorylation site clusters ("codes") determine whether β-arrestin 1 acts to promote or inhibit receptor activation of Erk mitogen-activated protein kinases. They provide direct evidence for a functional barcode system by transferring inhibitory and stimulatory codes between receptors, suggesting future work to understand just how code site location in a receptor and its phosphorylation status can lead to very different functions of bound β-arrestin proteins.

Independent Tuning of Nano-Ligand Frequency and Sequences Regulates the Adhesion and Differentiation of Stem Cells.

The native extracellular matrix (ECM) can exhibit heterogeneous nano-sequences periodically displaying ligands to regulate complex cell-material interactions in vivo. Herein, an ECM-emulating heterogeneous barcoding system, including ligand-bearing Au and ligand-free Fe nano-segments, is developed to independently present tunable frequency and sequences in nano-segments of cell-adhesive RGD ligand. Specifically, similar exposed surface areas of total Fe and Au nano-segments are designed. Fe segments are used for substrate coupling of nanobarcodes and as ligand-free nano-segments and Au segments for ligand coating while maintaining both nanoscale (local) and macroscale (total) ligand density constant in all groups. Low nano-ligand frequency in the same sequences and terminally sequenced nano-ligands at the same frequency independently facilitate focal adhesion and mechanosensing of stem cells, which are collectively effective both in vitro and in vivo, thereby inducing stem cell differentiation. The Fe/RGD-Au nanobarcode implants exhibit high stability and no local and systemic toxicity in various tissues and organs in vivo. This work sheds novel insight into designing biomaterials with heterogeneous nano-ligand sequences at terminal sides and/or low frequency to facilitate cellular adhesion. Tuning the electrodeposition conditions can allow synthesis of unlimited combinations of ligand nano-sequences and frequencies, magnetic elements, and bioactive ligands to remotely regulate numerous host cells in vivo.

RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) AND EASE OF LIFE

The usage of RFID technology is rapidly increasing. The RFID system provides distinct advantages over the traditional barcode system. The RFID technology is being used in many areas like toll collection, shopping and retail, agriculture, transportation, industries, academics etc. There are some limitations also with the RFID technology including the privacy issues. This paper describes some of the RFID uses which result in ease of life.

Abstract 4334: Exploring prognostic and immunological impact of a novel 4 gene signature in colorectal cancer patients

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) affects nearly 1.4 million individuals every year and is the third most common cause of deaths due to cancer. There is a need to identify novel prognostic biomarkers with accurate prognostic and therapeutic implications. In this study, we sought to identify prognostic gene expression signatures and explore their relationship with the tumor microenvironment. Under the IRB approved protocol, FFPE blocks of CRC patients were acquired from the Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, USA. Tumor regions and adjacent normal tissue regions were identified and marked by a board-certified pathologist. RNA isolation was performed from tumor sections (n = 88) and adjacent normal regions (n = 16). A panel of 17 genes with the highest perturbation in TCGA dataset was investigated on the FFPE tissues. The quantification of the mRNA molecules was performed using total RNA (300 ng) on the NanoString platform. It uses a specific molecular barcoding system to tag target nucleic acid molecules with very high sensitivity and specificity. The immunological dynamics of the prognostic genes were analyzed through TIMER (Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells) web portal using the TCGA-COAD dataset. In the clinical dataset, MCM4, YWHAB, LRRC59 and DPP7 were highly expressed in tumor tissue compared to adjacent control and were associated with worse prognosis (Log-rank test, p < 0.001*). However, PI4K2B, PCMT1 and PBX1P1 showed higher expression in adjacent normal tissue compared to tumor regions (Student's t-test, p < 0.001*). Further analysis using TIMER portal revealed that copy number alterations in YWHAB were significantly associated with decreased tumor infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils and dendritic cells (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001*). The predominant alterations observed were arm-level gain and high amplification. Further, arm-level gain of MCM4 was associated with lower infiltration of B cells and CD8+ T cells (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.001*) and FBXO46 was associated with lower infiltration of B cells only (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.05*). Additional comparison between CRC tumor and adjacent normal tissue was explored using “DiffExp” module of TIMER web portal. The comparison showed that YWHAB, DPP7 and MCM4 were expressed at higher amounts in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissue. These preliminary analyses, therefore reveal the significance of prognostic genes and their association with the infiltration of immune cells that in turn can be of therapeutic value. A comprehensive network of prognostic gene signatures and its perturbations in immune cell functioning can aid in efficient prognostic classification and design of new therapies. Citation Format: Pankaj Kumar Ahluwalia, Ashis Mondal, Meenakshi Ahluwalia, Nikhil Sahajpal, Kimya Jones, Yasmeen Jilani, Allan Njau, Ravindra Kolhe. Exploring prognostic and immunological impact of a novel 4 gene signature in colorectal cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4334.

2008 – ADULT HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL CLONALITY IS DETERMINED BY EMBRYONIC MACROPHAGE SENSING OF CALRETICULIN

In development local signals induce hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) emergence, trafficking, and division. Using a brainbow color barcoding system, we previously found that zebrafish produce 20-30 HSCs in the embryonic aorta. Using spinning disk confocal microscopy, we imaged runx1+23:mCherry+ HSPCs in the fetal niche and found surprising interactions with mpeg1:GFP+ primitive macrophages. At any one time, 20-30% of HSPCs contacted macrophages and were either fully engulfed or had a piece of cytoplasm removed. Using the transgenic cell cycle marker FUCCI, we found 65% of HSPCs in G2M phase engaged with macrophages. To evaluate HSC clonality, we depleted macrophages in brainbow embryos and raised fish to adulthood. Embryonic macrophage depletion via the irf8 morpholino or clodronate liposomes significantly reduced the number of HSC clones in adulthood with an average of 14 clones vs 24.6 in controls (p = 0.0002). To better characterize the interaction between macrophages and HSPCs we performed few-cell proteomics. This identified 166 peptides enriched in macrophages which had recently engaged HSPCs, including three isoforms of calreticulin (calr). Normally ER bound, calr may become surface bound during stress, where it acts as a ‘come-eat-me' signal. Antibody staining confirms surface calr on HSPCs and scRNA-seq identifies expression of lrp1ab, the canonical calr receptor, specifically in recently-engaged macrophages. Morpholino knockdown of calr isoforms reduces macrophage-HSPC interactions by up to 2-fold (p = 0.0008), and HSPCs overexpressing a non-ER bound form of calr are 4-fold more likely to engage macrophages (p < 0.0001). Together, our data support a model in which the environmental stimuli that induce HSCs also result in variable surface display of calr, leading to either macrophage grooming or phagocytosis, which ultimately regulates HSC clonality.

A cost-effective barcode system for maize genetic discrimination based on bi-allelic InDel markers

BackgroundMaize is one of the most important cereal crop all over the world with a complex genome of about 2.3 gigabase, and exhibits tremendous phenotypic and molecular diversity among different germplasms. Along with the phenotype identification, molecular markers have been accepted extensively as an alternative tool to discriminate different genotypes.ResultsBy using previous re-sequencing data of 205 lines, bi-allelic insertions and deletions (InDels) all over maize genome were screened, and a barcode system was constructed consisting of 37 bi-allelic insertion-deletion markers with high polymorphism information content (PIC) values, large discriminative size among varieties. The barcode system was measured and determined, different maize hybrids and inbreds were clearly discriminated efficiently with these markers, and hybrids responding parents were accurately determined. Compared with microarray data of more than 200 maize lines, the barcode system can discriminate maize varieties with 1.57% of different loci as a threshold. The barcode system can be used in standardized easy and quick operation with very low cost and minimum equipment requirements.ConclusionA barcode system was constructed for genetic discrimination of maize lines, including 37 InDel markers with high PIC values and user-friendly. The barcode system was measured and determined for efficient identification of maize lines.

The Implementation of Barcode on Warehouse Management System for Warehouse Efficiency

Technology has the power to affect and shape modern life aspects. Technology has speed up and simplify every task. One of those technologies that we currently use is Barcode. Barcode system can be implemented in the warehouse management system. By using Barcode in every process of the warehouse management system, it helps to minimize human error and provide accurate data in a real-time. Barcode also helps to integrate every process and improves efficiency in the warehouse management system. However, there are lots of warehouses that using manual handling. Therefore, in this research authors would like to discuss about the implementation of the barcode in the warehouse management system to improve warehouse efficiency. This research is conducted by using the qualitative method because this method will explain in depth the process in the warehouse management system as well as data collecting by conducting a semi-structural interview. Authors recommended barcode implementation in the warehouse management system to achieve warehouse efficiency.

Caps DNA Barcoding for Field Laboratory Identification of Grass Species (British Grasses as a Model)

Abstract The true grasses (Poaceae) comprise one of the largest plant families on earth. The group is peerless in its contribution to global agricultural production and its members dominate many of the world’s most important habitats. However, morphological diagnosis of wild grasses is notoriously problematic and it is often impossible in the absence of flowering individuals. The advent of DNA barcoding provided a useful tool to address this problem for larger-scale or longer-term studies but the need for sequencing precludes its use in a field laboratory context or in situations where either funding or time is limited. Here, a chloroplast DNA (cpDNA)-based Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) system of molecular species diagnosis that has the capacity to address this problem is presented using British grasses as a model. First, PCRs were performed using universal primer pairs targeting 21 regions of the chloroplast genome in authenticated representatives of the 117 grass species from the British Isles, and universal amplification for all loci targeted was demonstrated. Second, 54 restriction enzymes were applied on amplification products generated from all species. There were 10 locus-enzyme combinations (with the highest variation) that had the best diagnostic utility for the 117 grass species.CAPS analysis on 16 representatives of three genera (Calamagrostis, Phleum, and Agrostis) was then used to illustrate the potential utility of the pipeline for establishing a field-laboratory screen of species identity. CAPS DNA barcoding system developed here may have ecological, conservation, and commercial applications. However, it has limited possibilities for intraspecific differentiation due to the highly conserved nature of loci targeted within species.

SISTEM INFORMASI PEMINJAMAN DAN PENGEMBALIANREKAM MEDIS DENGAN BARCODE DAN NOTIFIKASI WHATSAPP DI RUMAH SAKIT WIJAYA KUSUMA LUMAJANG

The medical record file control activity at Wijaya Kusuma Lumajang Hospital has not been well implemented.This is evidenced by the absence of the use of tracers as a substitute for files that leave the medical recordrack and the use of expedition books only on borrowing inpatient medical record files. This study aims todesign and create a medical record lending and return information system with a barcode and web-basedWhatsApp notification at Wijaya Kusuma Lumajang Hospital that produces patient labels, tracers, reports onborrowing and return of medical records. This type of research is the development of a prototype method withqualitative data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, documentation, and brainstorming.The stages of the prototype method include analyzing user needs, making prototypes, adjusting prototypes tothe user's wishes, creating new systems, testing systems, adjusting the system to the user's wishes, andusing the system. The results of this study are information systems for borrowing and returning medicalrecords with a web-based barcode and WhatsApp notification system that facilitates the process of trackingfiles and overcoming problems in the process of borrowing and returning medical records

Experience Story: How Do We Re-Implement What Has Been Implemented?

Since 2017, the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, has a "Workstation on Wheels" project were nurses can access to a mobile application in order to register the drug's administration, vital signs and complete an early warning assessment scale of the hemodynamic state of the patient. Although the overall objective was to achieve at least 95% drug registration through this system, their use did not remain stable over time. Therefore, it was necessary to create an interdisciplinary team to make a diagnosis of the project situation and reasons for the low use rate. In this process, a re-implementation of the barcoding administration system was carried out, focusing on the nursing staff maintaining the use of the system over time. The aim of this paper is to describe the experience and lessons learned in the process of re-implementing the drug barcoding system at the patient's bedside.

Secure Door Control System using RFID Card

The proposed system is an automatic identification and authentication system which can be deployed at the doors of the building to authenticate authorized people. The keypad requires that a person desiring to gain access enter a correct code number. Where access control keypads are used in place of card readers, only a correct code is required to allow entry. This system is also known as the barcode system. So Door Security System is necessary for every home, office, campus and buildings. In this system, a door lock can be controlled by an RFID card. Radiofrequency identification (RFID) is a wireless technology that can be used to develop the access control system. It will be the intent to expand and implement an electronic system that will allow campus police/ administration to automatically secure access to building rooms in buildings across all campus locations in case of emergency and to have views into areas when emergencies may occur while helping to alleviate placing anyone in harm’s way. This approach not only reduces the cost but also enhances the reliability and ease of maintenance of the authentication system.

Entrance Security Based Barcode and RFID System

This paper discourses about a very general problem that occurs in everyday life. In many universities, students are at risk of misplacement or theft of valuables. So, to avoid such mis happening, the development of security system was designed for providing the safety of university student belongings. The proposed security system contains some common information, methodology, schematics and some details related to technical field that is employed into the system, such as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and barcode readers along with the design of the established system. For the functioning of the system in a most effectively manner, assumptions with some specific requirements that is needed to be met are encompassed in this paper

A Novel Algorithm for Damaged Barcode Recognition Based on Deep Learning

EAN/UPC barcode is one of the most used barcode system in commodity production, logistics and warehouse operation. However it is unavoidable that the barcode will be damaged during the process of commodity transportation and sale. In this paper, a barcode recognition algorithm based on deep learning is proposed for the recognition of damaged barcode. In our proposal, a convolutional neural network is designed for barcode recognition. The CNN based on deep learning is basically constructed of six convolution layers and three full connected layers. A hundred thousand barcode images with simulated degradation are generated as dataset to train the model, and a custom loss function is utilized to boost the recognition performance. The experiment result shows that recognition rate is up to 99.43%.

Improving efficiency of RFID-based traceability system for perishable food by utilizing IoT sensors and machine learning model

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has significantly improved in the past few years and is presently sought for implementation in the identification and traceability of perishable food in the food sector to safeguard food safety and quality. It is currently considered a worthy successor to the barcode system and has significant advantages for monitoring products in the perishable food supply chain (PFSC). The present study proposes a traceability system that utilizes RFID and Internet of Things (IoT) sensors. RFID technology can be used to track and trace perishable food while IoT sensors can be used to measure temperature and humidity during storage and transportation. Furthermore, it is important that RFID gates can identify the direction of tags and whether products are being received or shipped through the gate. In this study, machine-learning models are utilized to detect the direction of passive RFID tags. The input features are derived from receive signal strength (RSS) and the timestamp of tags. The proposed system has been tested in the perishable food supply chain and has revealed significant benefits to managers and customers by providing real-time product information and complete temperature and humidity history. In addition, by integrating a machine-learning model into the RFID gate, tagged products that move in or out through a gate can be correctly identified and thus improve the efficiency of the traceability system.

A multiplex oligonucleotide ligation-PCR method for the genoserotyping of common Salmonella using a liquid bead suspension assay

Salmonella is a major pathogen having a public health and economic impact in both humans and animals. Six serotypes of the Salmonella genus are mentioned in the Belgian and European regulation as to be rapidly excluded from the food chain (EU regulation N°2160/2003, Belgian royal decree 27/04/2017). The reference method for Salmonella serotyping, including slide-agglutination and biochemical tests, is time-consuming, expensive, not always objective, and therefore does not match the fast identification criteria required by the legislation. In this study, a molecular method, using genetic markers detected by Multiplex Oligonucleotide Ligation – PCR and Luminex technology, was developed for the identification of the 6 Salmonella serotypes and their variants subjected to an official control. The resulting method was validated with the analysis of 971 Salmonella isolated from different matrixes (human, animal, food or environment) and 33 non-Salmonella strains. The results were compared with the reference identifications, achieving an accuracy of 99.7%. The cost-effective high-throughput genoserotyping assay is performed in 1 day and generates objective results, thanks to the automatic interpretation of raw data using a barcode system. In conclusion, it is fully adapted to the implementation in first line laboratories and meets the requirements of the regulation.